JP2004147567A - Liquid food thickening agent and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Liquid food thickening agent and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004147567A
JP2004147567A JP2002317017A JP2002317017A JP2004147567A JP 2004147567 A JP2004147567 A JP 2004147567A JP 2002317017 A JP2002317017 A JP 2002317017A JP 2002317017 A JP2002317017 A JP 2002317017A JP 2004147567 A JP2004147567 A JP 2004147567A
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Prior art keywords
liquid food
thickening
starch
binder
gum
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JP2002317017A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshio Toyama
義雄 外山
Tadahisa Murao
周久 村尾
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Meiji Dairies Corp
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Meiji Milk Products Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002317017A priority Critical patent/JP2004147567A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a granular liquid food thickening agent exerting quick and sufficient thickening effect stable with time by granulation through maximally retaining the swelling and dissolving and thickening effects inherent in thickening polysaccharides. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid food thickening agent comprises granular thickening polysaccharides obtained by treating powdery thickening polysaccharides using an aqueous solution of modified starch as a binder. This liquid food thickening agent is produced by granulating the powdery thickening polysaccharides using the aqueous solution of modified starch as the binder with a fluidized bed granulator or an apparatus similar thereto. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、嚥下困難者の誤嚥防止のために液状食品に添加する増粘化剤であって、液状食品への糊料感の付加や、味の変化をもたらすことなく、のどへの付着性が少なく、しかも、溶解時にダマの発生がなく容易に溶解し、かつ経時的に安定した増粘性を液状食品に付与する増粘化剤、特に易嚥下補助増粘化剤及びその製造方法を提供するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
嚥下障害を持つ患者あるいは高齢者が、むせることなく容易にかつ安全に嚥下できるよう粘稠性を付与する「液状食品増粘化剤」は、α化澱粉主体の商品(「トロメリン」三和化学研究所、「ムースアップ」ヘルシーフード、など)から、増粘多糖類主体の商品(「ソフティア」三協製薬工業、「トロミクリア」ライオン商事、など)へと世代交代が進みつつある。増粘多糖類を用いることで、味を損なわずに、比較的少量で高い増粘効果が発揮され、経時的にも安定した粘度を得る点が評価されている。
【0003】
嚥下障害者用増粘剤として、増粘多糖類とデキストリンを主材料とする商品(トロミアップ)が示されているが、液状食品に添加して摂食する際に時間経過とともに次第に粘性が上昇していく欠陥を有している。また、増粘多糖類とでんぷんを主材料とする商品(スルーソフト)が示されているが、溶解時にダマができやすい欠陥を有することが記載されている(例えば、非特許文献1)。
この増粘多糖類のダマの発生、溶解の遅延等の欠点を回避するために、予め、増粘多糖類、糖類、澱粉等の主材料を溶解し、液状の状態で個包装した商品(スルーソフトリッキド)が市販されているが、粘性があるために取扱の不便さ、添加量の秤量の面倒さ等があり、粉末状又は顆粒状の嚥下障害者用増粘剤に較べて十分に市場に受け入れられているとはいえない。
【0004】
グァガムとキサンタンガムからなる増粘多糖類混合物において、キサンタンガムの含有率が50%以下になるように配合した、嚥下障害者を対象とする液状食品粘稠化剤が知られているが、ダマの発生が多く、かつダマのサイズが大きいという欠点をもっている。そこで、デキストリンをさらに混合することによりダマの発生を軽減化し、かつ発生するダマのサイズを微小化する試みもなされているが、デキストリンの混合比率が高くなると、目的とする粘性を発現させるためにはこの液状食品粘稠化剤を多量添加する必要が生じるという欠点がある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
また、キサンタンガムは、そのまま、又は化工澱粉等と混合しても、液状食品に添加・混合すると多量のダマを生じるため、顆粒品を原料として用い、その発生軽減を図っている。しかしながら顆粒品を用いても、冷蔵保存されていてその温度帯近く(10℃程度)で摂食する牛乳や100%果汁においては水和溶解が遅れ、増粘しにくいという問題を抱えており、早く増粘する顆粒品の開発が望まれてきた。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−108633号
【0006】
【非特許文献1】
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL REHABILITATION Vol.6 No.7 1997.7 p.663−664
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明の目的は、増粘多糖類の持つ膨潤溶解・増粘効果をできるだけ低減させることなく造粒し、液状食品、特に冷蔵保存下の液状食品に添加・混合して使用する際に、速く十分な増粘効果を発揮できる液状食品増粘化剤及び当該増粘化剤の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、流動層造粒装置にて各種バインダーを用い調製した増粘多糖類の顆粒品と、イオン交換水、牛乳及び100%果汁等への増粘効果との関係について検討を重ねた結果、顆粒品の比容積が大きいほど、増粘効果が高いという結論に達し、さらに、酸または酵素分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチ水溶液をバインダーとして用いることで、短時間で比容積の大きな顆粒を調製することが可能となることを見出し、そして当該顆粒品を液状食品増粘化剤として活用できることに新たに着目し、さらに顆粒品の造粒の製造条件等について精力的に試験検討を繰り返し実施して、ついに本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて、粉末状増粘多糖類を処理して得られる顆粒状増粘多糖類を含有する液状食品増粘化剤
(2)液状食品増粘化剤の用途が嚥下補助用である、前記(1)の液状食品増粘化剤
(3)化工澱粉が、オクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉である前記(1)又は(2)の液状食品増粘化剤
(4)オクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉が、酸又は酵素分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチである前記(3)の液状食品増粘化剤
(5)粉末状増粘多糖類が、キサンタンガム、グアガム、タラガムのいずれかのひとつ以上である、前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかの液状食品増粘化剤
(6)流動層造粒装置又はそれに類似する装置にて、粉末状増粘多糖類を、化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて造粒する前記(1)〜(5)のいずれかの液状食品増粘化剤の製造方法
からなる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて、粉末状増粘多糖類を処理して得られる顆粒状増粘多糖類を含有することを特徴とする、液状食品増粘化剤であり、さらに、流動層造粒装置又はそれに類似する装置にて、粉末状増粘多糖類を、化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて造粒する液状食品増粘化剤の製造方法である。
【0011】
本発明に用いられる化工(加工ともいう)澱粉の種類に関してはとくに制限はないが、酸化、酸処理、酵素処理、エステル化、エーテル化、架橋化等の反応又は処理を1種もしくは2種以上組み合わせて得られた澱粉、即ち、酸処理澱粉、酸化澱粉、酵素変性デキストリン、エステル化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉及び架橋化澱粉の反応を1種もしくは2種以上組み合わせた澱粉が好ましい。
さらに、好ましく使用することのできる化工澱粉としては、アルケニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉があげられる。アルケニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉は、例えば、馬鈴薯澱粉、コーンスターチ、ワキシーコーンスターチ、甘藷澱粉、小麦澱粉、米澱粉、タピオカ澱粉等の天然澱粉、前述した化工澱粉(酸分解澱粉、酸化澱粉、酵素分解澱粉、エーテル化、エステル化、架橋化等の澱粉誘導体、湿熱処理澱粉、アルファー化澱粉等)を、アルカリ触媒の存在下に無水アルケニルコハク酸を反応させて得ることができる。本発明に用いる無水アルケニルコハク酸としては、C2−22のアルケニル無水コハク酸、より好ましくはC6−14アルケニル無水コハク酸(例、ヘキセニル無水コハク酸、オクテニル無水コハク酸、デセニル無水コハク酸、ドデセニル無水コハク酸、テトラデセニル無水コハク酸等)が挙げられ、なかでも、高濃度でも低粘度である澱粉の酸または酵素分解物がより好ましい。造粒性の良さ、良好な溶解性と増粘効果、溶解後の安定性等からして分解処理したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチがとくに好ましい。市販品のエマルスター30A(松谷化学工業)、カプシュール(日本NSC)などを使用することができる。
【0012】
分解処理したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化処理澱粉は、槽内の増粘多糖類に対して1〜15重量%、より好ましくは3〜8重量%の割合で使用する。1%未満であると造粒が不十分となり、15%を超えると造粒粒子が大きくなりすぎて造粒状態が悪くなり好ましくない。
分解処理したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉は、水溶液のバインダーとして使用し、その水溶液濃度は5〜30%、好ましくは10〜25%、より好ましくは15〜20%にする。5%未満であると造粒が不十分となり、30%を超えると造粒粒子が大きくなりすぎて造粒状態が悪くなり好ましくない。
上記の好ましい、増粘多糖類とオクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉との混合重量比、バインダー水溶液の濃度に基づいて、例えば、増粘多糖類100gに対して、15〜20%の濃度のオクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉水溶液15〜50gを噴霧することができる。
【0013】
増粘多糖類の種類は、特に制限するものではないが、本発明は、水への溶解に加熱を必要としないキサンタンガム、グァガム、タラガムなどの冷水可溶性増粘多糖類の使用が望ましい。
【0014】
流動槽造粒装置としては、流動層造粒コーチィング装置(型式FL−MINI、フロイント産業(株)製)など、これと同等程度の性能を有する流動槽造粒装置、またはこれに類似する装置が使用可能であり、常法により増粘多糖類の粉末に対して、バインダーであるオクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉の水溶液を噴霧するなどの方法で顆粒化することができる。
製造する顆粒の大きさは、必要に応じて、バインダーの水溶液濃度、噴霧液量を上記に記載の範囲内で調整する。
【0015】
本発明によって得られる顆粒状増粘多糖類は、液状食品増粘化剤、とくに嚥下補助用の液状食品増粘化剤として使用することができるほか、その他の液状食品、液状食品に還元して食する固形食品等にも安定化、粘性付与等のために広く使用可能である。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を実施例を挙げて説明するが、本発明はこれにより限定されるものではない。
〔実施例1〜2〕、〔比較例1〜3〕
フロイント産業(株)の流動層造粒コーチィング装置(型式FL−MINI)に、キサンタンガムの粉末(80メッシュ)120gを投入し、表1に示すバインダーを用いて造粒し、顆粒状キサンタンガムからなる実施例1〜2、比較例1〜3の液状食品増粘化剤を得た。造粒は、42メッシュON(42メッシュ篩の非通過画分、以下同じ。)が58〜60%になるように、表1に示すバインダー水溶液濃度及び噴霧液量に調整し、粒度分布がほぼ一定となる条件で実施した。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 2004147567
【0018】
実施例1〜2、比較例1〜3で得た増粘化剤を、メッシュサイズごとに(20メッシュ以上32メッシュ未満、32メッシュ以上42メッシュ未満、42メッシュ以上60メッシュ未満の3画分)、比容積を測定し、牛乳及び100%オレンジジュースで経時的な増粘効果を確認した。牛乳(10℃)100g中または100%オレンジジュース(10℃)100g中に、各メッシュサイズごとに、キサンタンガムとして0.72g含有する量を添加し、経時的な粘度変化を測定した。粘度は、B型粘度計でローターNo.3、12rpm、30秒で測定した。また、牛乳については、添加直後並びに測定前に15秒間−45回攪拌した。各メッシュサイズごとの比容積と、比容積による牛乳及びオレンジジュースでの増粘率(%)(測定時粘度/安定時粘度×100を示す、以下同じ。)との関係を図1に示す。なお、ここでの安定時粘度は、溶解60分後の粘度とした。
【0019】
バインダー用原料として、酸分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチ(エマルスター30A)を使用した増粘化剤(実施例1)は、比較例に比較して全てのメッシュサイズで比容積が大きく、また、オレンジジュース、牛乳の両方において溶解10分後の増粘率(%)が高く、増粘化剤として非常に優れたものであった。
バインダー用原料として、酵素分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチ(カプシュール)を使用した増粘化剤(実施例2)は、比較例に比較して20メッシュ以上32メッシュ未満のメッシュサイズで比容積が大きく、また、オレンジジュースにおいて全てのメッシュサイズで溶解10分後の増粘率(%)が高く、牛乳においてはやや高い傾向にあり、増粘化剤として優れたものであった。
バインダー用原料として、コーンスターチ・馬鈴薯澱粉由来デキストリン(サンデック#100)、キサンタンガム、水を使用した増粘化剤(比較例1〜3)は、実施例1〜2に比較して、全てのメッシュサイズで比容積が小さく、溶解10分後の増粘率(%)は牛乳において42メッシュ以上60メッシュ未満のメッシュサイズで実施例2と同等となるほかはいずれも劣っていて、増粘化剤として好ましいものではなかった。
【0020】
〔比較例4〕
実施例1で用いたキサンタンガムを海外メーカーで造粒・顆粒化したもの(一般顆粒品)を用意した。
この一般顆粒品を実施例1〜2、試験例1〜3の増粘化剤の32メッシュ以上42メッシュ未満のメッシュサイズ画分を、牛乳に溶解し、溶解10分後、溶解15分後の増粘率(%)を比較した。その結果を比容積のデータと共に図2に示す。
比較例4の一般顆粒品は、実施例1〜2に比較して、比容積が小さく、かつ増粘率(%)も小さく、液状食品増粘化剤として使用に適さないことが確認できた。
【0021】
〔実施例3〜4〕、〔比較例5〜6〕
フロイント産業(株)の流動層造粒コーチィング装置(型式FL−MINI)に、グァガム又はタラガムの粉末120gを投入し、実施例1と同様に、表2に示すバインダーを用いて造粒し、グァガム顆粒品又はタラガム顆粒品からなる実施例3〜4、比較例5〜6の液状食品増粘化剤を得た。造粒は、42メッシュONが49〜52%になるように、表2に示すようにバインダー水溶液濃度及び噴霧液量を調整し、粒度分布がほぼ一定となる条件で実施した。
タラガム又はグァガムの顆粒状製品は、一般的に製造されていないので比較例として示さないが、対照として粉末状のグァガム又はタラガムを示した。
また、キサンタンガムの顆粒化で実施した、水又はコーンスターチ・馬鈴薯澱粉由来デキストリンをバインダーとして使用する方法は、グァガム又はタラガムの場合は、スプレーガンの先端に大量のグァガム又はタラガムが付着し、均一な造粒ができなかったため示していない。
【0022】
【表2】
Figure 2004147567
【0023】
実施例3、比較例5に示した顆粒状グァガムからなる増粘化剤及び実施例4、比較例6に示した顆粒状タラガムからなる増粘化剤について、メッシュサイズごとに、イオン交換水中での溶解後の経時的な増粘効果を確認した。20℃のイオン交換水100gに、増粘化剤をグァガム又はタラガムとして1gとなる量をデキストリン2gと混合したものを添加し、経時的な粘度変化を測定した。粘度は、B型粘度計でローターNo3、12rpm、30秒で測定した。その結果を図3に示す。図3では、イオン交換水中での経時的な増粘率(%)(測定時粘度/安定時粘度×100を示す、以下同じ。)の変化を、対照の粉末品と比較して示した。ここでの安定時粘度は、粉末状のグァガムまたはタラガムの溶解60分後の粘度とした。
対照の粉末品は、そのまま水に添加するとダマになってしまい測定できないため、デキストリンと混合して添加し、ブレンダーで充分に混合撹拌した。顆粒品はダマにならないが、同条件とするためデキストリンと混合して添加しスプーンで軽く撹拌した。
【0024】
バインダー用原料として、酸分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチ(エマルスター30A)を使用したグァガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤(実施例3)は、イオン交換水に溶解10分後以降60分後まですべての経過時間において対照のグァガム粉末と同等程度の高い増粘率(%)を示し、ワキシーコーンスターチ由来デキストリン(パインデックス#100)を使用したグァガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤(比較例5)に比べて、明らかに増粘率(%)が高く、増粘化剤として非常に優れたものであった。
【0025】
バインダー用原料として、酸分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチ(エマルスター30A)を使用したタラガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤(実施例4)は、イオン交換水に溶解5分後以降60分後まですべての経過時間において対照のタラガム粉末よりは低い増粘率(%)を示してはいるが、ワキシーコーンスターチ由来デキストリン(パインデックス#100)を使用したタラガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤(比較例6)に比べて、20メッシュ以上32メッシュ未満及び32メッシュ以上42メッシュ未満のメッシュサイズでは、溶解5分後以降60分後まですべての経過時間において増粘率(%)が高く、42メッシュ以上60メッシュ未満のメッシュサイズでは、溶解20分後まで、とくに溶解5分後の増粘率(%)が高く、増粘化剤として優れたものであった。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、粉末品に比べダマになりにくく、かつ速く膨潤溶解し、十分な増粘効果と経時的に安定した増粘性を発揮できるキサンタンガムなどの増粘多糖類を含有する顆粒状の液状食品増粘化剤、特に嚥下補助液状食品増粘化剤を調製することが可能である。また、本発明においては、水やコーンスターチ馬鈴薯澱粉由来デキストリンなどのバインダーでは顆粒化が困難であるグァガム及びタラガムでも、バインダー用原料として酸又は酵素分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉を使用することによって、問題なく顆粒化することができ、とくにグァガムは粉末品とほぼ同等の増粘効果を発揮することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】100%オレンジジュース及び牛乳中に、各バインダーを用いて調製したキサンタンガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤を添加した10分後の粘度が、安定時粘度(60分後粘度)の何パーセントになっているかを示す。
【図2】牛乳中での増粘率(%)に関する、キサンタンガム顆粒の一般品と、各バインダーを用いて調製したキサンタンガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤との比較を示す。
【図3】グァガム顆粒品又はタラガム顆粒品からなる増粘化剤と、対照の粉末状のグァガム又はタラガムを、イオン交換水中に添加した場合の粘度の経時的な変化を示す。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a thickening agent added to a liquid food to prevent aspiration of a person having difficulty in swallowing, which adds a feeling of glue to the liquid food and does not cause a change in taste, and adheres to the throat. A thickening agent which gives a liquid food with a low viscosity, easily dissolves without generation of lumps at the time of dissolution, and is stable over time, particularly a swallowing assisting thickening agent and a method for producing the same. To provide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
"Liquid food thickener" is a product predominantly pregelatinized starch ("Tromelin" Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.), which provides viscosity so that patients or elderly people with dysphagia can swallow easily and safely without choking. Laboratories, “Mousse Up”, healthy foods, etc.) are changing generations to thickening polysaccharide-based products (“Softia”, Sankyo Pharmaceutical, “Tomiclear” Lion, etc.). It has been evaluated that the use of the thickening polysaccharide exhibits a high thickening effect with a relatively small amount without impairing the taste, and obtains a stable viscosity over time.
[0003]
As a thickener for people with dysphagia, products containing thickening polysaccharides and dextrins as main ingredients (tromi-up) are shown, but when added to liquid foods and eaten, the viscosity gradually increases over time. Have defects. In addition, a product (through soft) containing a thickening polysaccharide and starch as main materials is described, but it is described that the product has a defect in which lumps are easily formed during dissolution (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
In order to avoid such drawbacks as the occurrence of lumps and delay in dissolution of the thickening polysaccharide, products which are prepared by dissolving the main materials such as thickening polysaccharides, saccharides and starch in advance and individually packaging in a liquid state (through Soft Liquid) is commercially available, but its viscosity makes it inconvenient to handle and it makes it difficult to weigh the added amount. Therefore, it is more marketable than powdery or granular thickeners for people with dysphagia. It is not accepted.
[0004]
A liquid food thickening agent for swallowing disabilities, which is formulated so as to have a xanthan gum content of 50% or less in a thickening polysaccharide mixture composed of guar gum and xanthan gum, is known. However, it has the disadvantage that the size of the lumps is large. Therefore, attempts have been made to reduce the generation of lumps by further mixing dextrin, and to reduce the size of the generated lumps.However, when the mixing ratio of dextrin is increased, in order to express the desired viscosity, Has the disadvantage that it is necessary to add a large amount of this liquid food thickener (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Moreover, even if xanthan gum is used as it is or when mixed with modified starch or the like, a large amount of lump is produced when added to and mixed with a liquid food. Therefore, granules are used as a raw material to reduce the generation. However, even if granules are used, milk and 100% fruit juice that is stored refrigerated and consumed near the temperature range (about 10 ° C.) has a problem that hydration dissolution is delayed and it is difficult to thicken. The development of granules that thicken quickly has been desired.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-108633
[Non-patent document 1]
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL REHABILATION Vol. 6 No. 7 19977.7 p. 663-664
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to granulate without reducing the swelling dissolution / thickening effect of the thickening polysaccharide as much as possible, and when used by adding and mixing to liquid foods, especially liquid foods under refrigerated storage. To provide a liquid food thickener capable of quickly and sufficiently exhibiting a thickening effect, and a method for producing the thickener.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have repeatedly studied the relationship between the thickened polysaccharide granules prepared using various binders in a fluidized bed granulator and the thickening effect on ion-exchanged water, milk, 100% fruit juice, and the like. As a result, it was concluded that the larger the specific volume of the granule, the higher the thickening effect, and further, by using an aqueous solution of octenylsuccinate esterified waxy corn starch that was acid or enzyme-degraded as a binder, the specific volume was increased in a short time They found that granules could be prepared, and focused on the fact that the granules could be used as a liquid food thickener, and energetically studied the production conditions for granulation of granules. The present invention was completed after repeated implementation.
[0009]
That is, the present invention
(1) Liquid food thickening agent containing granular thickening polysaccharide obtained by treating powdery thickening polysaccharide using modified starch aqueous solution as a binder (2) Use of liquid food thickening agent The liquid food thickener according to (1) or (2), wherein the liquid food thickener (3) is an octenyl succinate esterified starch. The octenyl succinate-esterified starch is an acid- or enzyme-degraded octenyl succinate-esterified waxy corn starch; the liquid food thickener of (3) above, (5) the powdered thickening polysaccharide is any of xanthan gum, guar gum, and cod gum; The liquid food thickener according to any one of the above (1) to (4), (6) a fluidized bed granulator or a device similar thereto, wherein the powdery thickening polysaccharide is converted into a modified starch. Aqueous solution binder And consists of a manufacturing method of granulated said (1) to any one of liquid foods thickened agents (5) used in.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention is a liquid food thickener, comprising using a modified starch aqueous solution as a binder and containing a granular thickening polysaccharide obtained by treating a powdery thickening polysaccharide, This is a method for producing a liquid food thickener, which comprises granulating powdery thickening polysaccharides using a modified starch aqueous solution as a binder in a fluidized bed granulator or a device similar thereto.
[0011]
There is no particular limitation on the type of modified (also referred to as processed) starch used in the present invention, but one or more reactions or treatments such as oxidation, acid treatment, enzyme treatment, esterification, etherification, and cross-linking are performed. Starches obtained in combination, that is, starches obtained by combining one or more of the reactions of acid-treated starch, oxidized starch, enzyme-modified dextrin, esterified starch, etherified starch and cross-linked starch are preferred.
Further, as modified starch which can be preferably used, alkenyl succinic esterified starch can be mentioned. Alkenyl succinic esterified starch is, for example, natural starch such as potato starch, corn starch, waxy corn starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, rice starch, tapioca starch, and the aforementioned modified starch (acid-decomposed starch, oxidized starch, enzyme-degraded starch, Starch derivatives such as etherification, esterification, and cross-linking, heat-moisture treated starch, and pregelatinized starch) can be obtained by reacting alkenyl succinic anhydride in the presence of an alkali catalyst. As the alkenyl succinic anhydride used in the present invention, a C2-22 alkenyl succinic anhydride, more preferably a C6-14 alkenyl succinic anhydride (eg, hexenyl succinic anhydride, octenyl succinic anhydride, decenyl succinic anhydride, dodecenyl anhydride) Succinic acid, tetradecenyl succinic anhydride, etc.), and among them, starch acid or enzymatically degraded product having low viscosity even at high concentration is more preferable. Octenylsuccinate-esterified waxy corn starch that has been decomposed is particularly preferred because of its good granulation properties, good solubility and thickening effect, and stability after dissolution. Commercially available products such as Emulstar 30A (Matsuya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and Capsule (NSC Japan) can be used.
[0012]
The degraded octenyl succinate esterified starch is used in a proportion of 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably 3 to 8% by weight, based on the thickening polysaccharide in the tank. If it is less than 1%, the granulation becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 15%, the granulated particles become too large, and the granulation state is deteriorated, which is not preferable.
The degraded octenyl succinic esterified starch is used as a binder for an aqueous solution, and the concentration of the aqueous solution is 5 to 30%, preferably 10 to 25%, more preferably 15 to 20%. If it is less than 5%, the granulation becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 30%, the granulated particles become too large, and the granulated state is unfavorably deteriorated.
Based on the mixing weight ratio of the thickening polysaccharide and the octenyl succinate-modified starch and the concentration of the aqueous binder solution, for example, octenyl succinate having a concentration of 15 to 20% with respect to 100 g of the thickening polysaccharide is used. 15 to 50 g of an aqueous starch solution can be sprayed.
[0013]
The kind of the thickening polysaccharide is not particularly limited, but in the present invention, it is desirable to use a cold water-soluble thickening polysaccharide such as xanthan gum, guar gum, and tara gum which does not require heating for dissolution in water.
[0014]
As a fluidized-bed granulator, a fluidized-bed granulator having similar performance to that of a fluidized-bed granulator-coating device (model FL-MINI, manufactured by Freund Corporation), or a device similar thereto can be used. It can be used, and can be granulated by a method such as spraying an aqueous solution of octenyl succinic esterified starch as a binder to the thickening polysaccharide powder by a conventional method.
The size of the granules to be produced is adjusted, if necessary, by adjusting the concentration of the aqueous solution of the binder and the amount of the sprayed liquid within the ranges described above.
[0015]
The granular thickening polysaccharide obtained by the present invention can be used as a liquid food thickener, especially a liquid food thickener for assisting swallowing, and can be reduced to other liquid foods and liquid foods. It can be widely used for solid foods to be eaten for stabilization and viscosity imparting.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Examples 1 and 2], [Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
120 g of xanthan gum powder (80 mesh) was charged into a fluidized bed granulation coating apparatus (model FL-MINI) of Freund Corporation, and granulated using the binder shown in Table 1 to form a granulated xanthan gum. The liquid food thickeners of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained. The granulation was adjusted to a binder aqueous solution concentration and a spray liquid amount shown in Table 1 so that the 42 mesh ON (the fraction not passing through the 42 mesh sieve, the same applies hereinafter) becomes 58 to 60%, and the particle size distribution was almost It was performed under constant conditions.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004147567
[0018]
The thickeners obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were used for each mesh size (three fractions of 20 mesh to less than 32 mesh, 32 mesh to less than 42 mesh, 42 mesh to less than 60 mesh). , The specific volume was measured, and the thickening effect over time was confirmed with milk and 100% orange juice. To 100 g of milk (10 ° C.) or 100 g of 100% orange juice (10 ° C.), an amount containing 0.72 g of xanthan gum was added for each mesh size, and the change in viscosity over time was measured. The viscosity was measured using a B-type viscometer with a rotor No. The measurement was performed at 3, 12 rpm for 30 seconds. In addition, the milk was stirred for -45 times for 15 seconds immediately after the addition and before the measurement. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the specific volume of each mesh size and the thickening rate (%) in milk and orange juice (viscosity at measurement / viscosity at stable × 100, the same applies hereinafter) based on the specific volume. In addition, the viscosity at the time of a stable here was made into the viscosity 60 minutes after melt | dissolution.
[0019]
As a binder raw material, a thickener (Example 1) using acid-decomposed octenyl succinate esterified waxy corn starch (Emulstar 30A) has a large specific volume at all mesh sizes as compared with Comparative Examples, The thickening rate (%) after 10 minutes of dissolution was high in both orange juice and milk, and was very excellent as a thickening agent.
The thickener (Example 2) using enzymatically decomposed octenyl succinate esterified waxy corn starch (Capsur) as a raw material for the binder has a specific volume of 20 to less than 32 mesh compared to the comparative example. The thickening rate (%) after 10 minutes of dissolution was high in orange juice for all mesh sizes, and tended to be slightly high in milk, and was excellent as a thickener.
Thickeners (comparative examples 1 to 3) using dextrin derived from corn starch / potato starch (Sandek # 100), xanthan gum, and water as binder materials were all mesh sizes compared to examples 1 and 2. The specific volume was small, and the thickening rate (%) after 10 minutes of dissolution was inferior except that it was equivalent to that of Example 2 with a mesh size of not less than 42 mesh and less than 60 mesh in milk. It was not preferred.
[0020]
[Comparative Example 4]
The xanthan gum used in Example 1 was granulated and granulated by an overseas manufacturer (general granules).
This general granule was dissolved in milk with a mesh size fraction of 32 mesh or more and less than 42 mesh of the thickener of Examples 1 and 2 and Test Examples 1 to 3, 10 minutes after dissolution, and 15 minutes after dissolution. The thickening rates (%) were compared. The results are shown in FIG. 2 together with the specific volume data.
Compared to Examples 1 and 2, the general granules of Comparative Example 4 had a small specific volume and a small thickening rate (%), and were confirmed to be unsuitable for use as a liquid food thickener. .
[0021]
[Examples 3 and 4], [Comparative Examples 5 and 6]
120 g of guar gum or tara gum powder was charged into a fluidized bed granulation coating apparatus (model FL-MINI) of Freund Corporation, and granulated using the binder shown in Table 2 in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain guar gum. The liquid food thickeners of Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 each comprising granules or cod gum were obtained. The granulation was carried out under the condition that the binder aqueous solution concentration and the spray liquid amount were adjusted as shown in Table 2 so that the 42 mesh ON was 49 to 52%, and the particle size distribution was almost constant.
Granular products of cod gum or guar gum are not generally shown and are not shown as comparative examples, but powdered guar gum or cod gum as a control.
Also, the method of using water or corn starch / potato starch-derived dextrin as a binder, which was carried out in the granulation of xanthan gum, in the case of guar gum or tara gum, a large amount of guar gum or tara gum adhered to the tip of the spray gun, resulting in uniform production. Not shown because no grains were formed.
[0022]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004147567
[0023]
About the thickener which consists of granular guar gum shown in Example 3 and Comparative Example 5, and the thickener which consists of granular cod gum shown in Example 4 and Comparative Example 6, for each mesh size, in ion-exchanged water A time-dependent thickening effect after dissolution of the compound was confirmed. To 100 g of ion-exchanged water at 20 ° C., a mixture obtained by mixing 1 g of guar gum or cod gum as a thickener with 2 g of dextrin was added, and the change in viscosity over time was measured. The viscosity was measured with a B-type viscometer at rotor No. 3, 12 rpm for 30 seconds. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the change in the viscosity increase (%) (viscosity at measurement / viscosity at stability × 100, the same applies hereinafter) with time in ion-exchanged water in comparison with a control powder product. Here, the viscosity at the time of stability was the viscosity 60 minutes after the dissolution of powdered guar gum or tara gum.
When the control powder was added to water as it was, it became lumpy and could not be measured. Therefore, it was mixed with dextrin and added, and the mixture was sufficiently mixed and stirred with a blender. Although the granules do not lump, they were mixed with dextrin and added under the same conditions, followed by gentle stirring with a spoon.
[0024]
As a binder material, a thickener made of guar gum granules using acid-decomposed octenyl succinate esterified waxy corn starch (Emulstar 30A) (Example 3) is dissolved in ion-exchanged water from 10 minutes to 60 minutes. Thickening agent (comparative example 5) consisting of guar gum granules using waxy corn starch-derived dextrin (padex # 100), exhibiting a high thickening rate (%) comparable to that of the control guar gum powder at all elapsed times. The thickening rate (%) was clearly higher than that of No. 1, and was very excellent as a thickening agent.
[0025]
As a binder material, a thickening agent (Example 4) consisting of tara gum granules using acid-decomposed octenylsuccinate esterified waxy corn starch (Emulstar 30A) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water from 5 minutes to 60 minutes. A thickening agent consisting of tara gum granules using waxy corn starch-derived dextrin (Padex # 100), although showing a lower viscosity (%) than the control tara gum powder at all elapsed times (Comparative Example) Compared with 6), in the case of a mesh size of 20 mesh or more and less than 32 mesh and 32 mesh or more and less than 42 mesh, the thickening rate (%) is higher at all elapsed times from 5 minutes to 60 minutes after dissolution, and 42 mesh or more. For mesh sizes less than 60 mesh, the thickening rate up to 20 minutes after dissolution, especially 5 minutes after dissolution %) Is high, and was excellent as a thickened agent.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a granular liquid food containing a thickening polysaccharide such as xanthan gum that is less likely to lump than a powdered product, swells and dissolves quickly, and can exhibit a sufficient thickening effect and a stable thickening over time. It is possible to prepare thickening agents, in particular swallowing aid liquid food thickening agents. Further, in the present invention, even in guar gum and tara gum, which are difficult to granulate with a binder such as water or corn starch potato starch-derived dextrin, there is a problem by using an acid or enzymatically decomposed octenyl succinate esterified starch as a binder raw material. Guar gum can exert the same thickening effect as a powdered product.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the viscosity at 10 minutes after adding a thickening agent consisting of xanthan gum granules prepared using various binders to 100% orange juice and milk, and the viscosity at stable state (viscosity after 60 minutes). Indicates whether it is a percentage.
FIG. 2 shows the comparison of the thickening rate (%) in milk between a general product of xanthan gum granules and a thickening agent composed of xanthan gum granules prepared using each binder.
FIG. 3 shows the change over time of the viscosity when a thickener comprising guar gum granules or tara gum granules and a control powdery guar gum or tara gum are added to ion-exchanged water.

Claims (6)

化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて、粉末状増粘多糖類を処理して得られる顆粒状増粘多糖類を含有することを特徴とする、液状食品増粘化剤。A liquid food thickening agent comprising a granular thickening polysaccharide obtained by treating a powdery thickening polysaccharide using an aqueous modified starch solution as a binder. 液状食品増粘化剤の用途が嚥下補助用である、請求項1に記載の液状食品増粘化剤。The liquid food thickener according to claim 1, wherein the use of the liquid food thickener is for assisting swallowing. 化工澱粉が、オクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の液状食品増粘化剤。3. The liquid food thickener according to claim 1, wherein the modified starch is an octenyl succinate esterified starch. オクテニルコハク酸エステル化澱粉が、酸又は酵素分解したオクテニルコハク酸エステル化ワキシーコーンスターチであることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の液状食品増粘化剤。The liquid food thickener according to claim 3, wherein the octenyl succinated starch is an acid or enzymatically degraded octenyl succinic esterified waxy corn starch. 粉末状増粘多糖類が、キサンタンガム、グアガム、タラガムのいずれかのひとつ以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかの1項に記載の液状食品増粘化剤。The liquid food thickener according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the powdery thickening polysaccharide is one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum, and cod gum. 流動層造粒装置又はそれに類似する装置にて、粉末状増粘多糖類を、化工澱粉水溶液をバインダーとして用いて造粒することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれかの1項に記載の液状食品増粘化剤の製造方法。A fluidized-bed granulator or a device similar thereto, wherein the powdery thickening polysaccharide is granulated using a modified starch aqueous solution as a binder, A method for producing the liquid food thickener according to the above.
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