JP2004145506A - Environmental added value calculation program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool capable of objectively digitizing a relation between environmental improvement effects and environmental improvement costs in an object to be evaluated. <P>SOLUTION: An environmental added value calculation program comprises: a step S1 for acquiring the volume of CO<SB>2</SB>generated along the life cycle of each of the first object and the second object from a predetermined database, and calculating the difference of the generation rate of the specific substances to calculate an environmental effect sum concerning CO<SB>2</SB>; a step S2 for calculating an environmental effect sum concerning product cutting from the difference of various necessary costs along the life cycle of each of the first object and the second object; and a step S3 for subtracting costs concerning environmental improvement from a value based on the sum of the environmental effect sum concerning CO<SB>2</SB>and the environmental effect sum concerning the product cutting to calculate an environmental added value_(environmental EVA). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an environmental added value calculation program for quantitatively calculating an environmental added value in a life cycle of a product or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the destruction of the global environment has been feared internationally, and the value of environmental issues has changed from the values of mass production, mass consumption, and mass destruction in the past, and is becoming the direction of an economic society that can develop sustainably. ing.
[0003]
In response to this, social responsibility is being sought in the industrial world as a social responsibility for measures to minimize the impact on the environment and the burden on the environment in all areas of business activities, products and services.
[0004]
For this reason, it is necessary to examine and determine the extent to which an object has an impact on the environment from its occurrence to its disappearance, and to effectively and efficiently evaluate the impact (load) on the environment. It has become very important in clarifying action plans for reduction.
[0005]
In view of the above, the applicant of the present application has disclosed in Patent Document 1 an invention capable of objectively determining the degree of achievement of a target for a plurality of items whose management target affects the environment.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-347528
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even though we are fully aware of the need to improve our environmental impact, our efforts to reduce our environmental impact and business in the life cycle of product design, manufacturing, transportation, use, recycling, and disposal. It is very difficult to grasp relationships objectively. In other words, from an environmental management point of view, even if the environmental impact can be effectively reduced at the design stage of a product, if a huge amount of funding is required for that reduction, it will not be a business. As a result, continuous environmental considerations cannot be made.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. That is, the present invention is a computer-executable program for numerically representing the improvement in environmental value added between a first target as a reference and a second target to be evaluated. Obtaining the amount of the specific substance generated along the life cycle in each of the objects 2 from a predetermined database, calculating the difference in the generation amount of the specific substance, and calculating the environmental effect amount for the specific substance; A step of calculating an environmental effect amount relating to product reduction from a difference between various costs required along the life cycle of each of the first target and the second target; an environmental effect amount relating to a specific substance and an environmental effect amount relating to product reduction; And calculating the environmental added value by subtracting the cost related to environmental improvement from the value based on the sum of the environmental added value.
[0009]
In the present invention as described above, when calculating as a numerical value the degree to which the second object to be evaluated has an added value related to environmental improvement as compared with the first object as a reference, the second object to be evaluated is determined along the life cycle of each object. The amount of specific substances generated is obtained from the database, and the amount of environmental effects is calculated using the amount of generated specific substances as a scale. Further, the environmental effect value relating to the product deletion is obtained, and the environmental added value of the second target is calculated as a numerical value by subtracting the cost relating to the environmental improvement from the value based on the sum of these environmental effect amounts. This makes it possible to objectively and accurately obtain the environmental added value of the second object.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The environmental added value calculation program according to the present embodiment numerically represents the improvement of the environmental added value between the reference product or service (first target) and the evaluated product or service (second target). It is executed on a computer. The evaluation target can be applied to a product or a service, but in the following description, a product is used as an example.
[0011]
In the present embodiment, a specific substance (mainly CO ₂ , NO _x , SO _x ) that incorporates the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) design method into the measurement of the environmental load of a product and captures the ambiguity of the conventional standards and ranges as physical quantities of the product. However, in the present embodiment, measurement can be performed with higher accuracy by using CO ₂ ).
[0012]
Although the LCA result lacks the environmental impact part, its prevention and countermeasure parts are included in the routine of this embodiment, and this routine enables the environmental load reduction design to be implemented at the product design site. become.
[0013]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as the environmental management degree evaluation using the LCA results, it is possible to evaluate the product designer's own environmental design efficiency or department, and also the business efficiency (environmental accounting) of the entire company from the productized model. Become like
[0014]
Here, the following can be performed by using the LCA. In other words, products are complex pollutants for the environment, so LCA design can be used as a guideline for the future such as environmental impact assessment of products and business superiority, and as basic external legal environmental data. .
[0015]
Specifically, (1) guidelines for improving the environmental impact of products using the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) -14001 system, used as progress management (comparison between previous model and new model), (2) all life cycles were unified since it is converted in CO _2, different events can be compared even (product or its business organization), by understood gist of reduction, ▲ 3 ▼ CO ₂ analysis, the efficiency measurement of business It is possible to evaluate business efficiency as well as environmental efficiency improvement. (4) Can be used as external environmental information (environmental certificate, Type III label, etc.) data. (5) LCA results as basic data for environmental accounting It is possible to apply such that it can be used.
[0016]
In this embodiment, the environmental added value and the environmental effect amount of a product to be evaluated are quantified using such LCA results, and the reduction of the environmental load along the product life cycle is evaluated as an environmental management degree. It is a tool that can be evaluated objectively.
[0017]
In order to perform the above-described evaluation, the environmental added value calculation program of the present embodiment mainly uses an environmental value added (EVA) (hereinafter, simply referred to as “environmental EVA”) of the product, and an environmental effect amount ( eV (effective Value): hereinafter, simply referred to as “eV value”.
[0018]
The environment EVA is defined by the following equation.
Environmental EVA = environmental effect-environmental investment x capital cost (environmental effect = amount of environmental effect + non-operating environmental gain / loss ± adjustment item-environmental risk cost)
(Environmental effect = corporate profit + social contribution profit)
[0019]
Among these, the private profit in the company (the amount of effect in the company) is a profit obtained by the manufacturer of the product, and for example, a resource saving design benefit, an energy saving design benefit, a harmful substance reduction benefit, a waste reduction benefit, an LCA design CO _2. Reduction profits.
[0020]
Moreover, the social benefits are benefits the user side (social side) obtained after shipping products, for example, reducing income power usage, recycling reduction benefits, environmental services improve profit, include CO ₂ reduction benefits when used Can be
[0021]
Non-operating environmental gains and losses include, for example, environmental patent revenues and various environmental valuation losses. Adjustment items include, for example, environmental recovery costs, environmental risk valuation losses, and LCA reduction cost conversion values. Expense risk countermeasure costs, leaded solder countermeasures, and printed circuit board bromine decomposition detoxification costs.
[0022]
Furthermore, environmental investment includes, for example, environmentally conscious costs for product design, product assessment costs, costs for measures against lead-free solder, environmentally conscious costs for new businesses, and costs for environmental risks. The capital costs include, for example, environmental investment costs, environmental risk management costs, environmentally friendly ratios of funds, and environmental resource procurement ratios in capital. The product of environmental investment and capital cost is the amount of environmental investment.
[0023]
Next, the eV value can be expressed as follows by modifying the known equation of the environmental efficiency.
Eco-efficiency = sales / total environmental load = (sales / investment cost) x (investment cost / total environmental load)
In the above equation, the investment cost / total environmental load is an eV value.
[0024]
In the present embodiment, in addition to the environmental EVA and eV values, the environmental investment efficiency and the environmental investment effect point are calculated. Among them, the environmental investment efficiency is a value obtained by dividing the environmental effect amount by the cost (environmental investment amount) related to environmental improvement, and the environmental investment effect point is a value obtained by dividing the environmental investment amount by the private profit in the company.
[0025]
Next, the flow (outline) of the calculation of the environment EVA by the environment added value calculation program according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The environment added value calculation program is executed by a personal computer or the like, stored in a medium such as a CD-ROM, distributed, or distributed via a network such as the Internet.
[0026]
First, as shown in step S1, and enter the first object as a reference (reference product) and a second object to be evaluated (evaluation Products) and de LCA Reduction item (reduction results of CO ₂ for each item) Then, processing is performed to divide the amount of environmental effects obtained from the reduction results into corporate profits and social contribution profits.
[0027]
Next, as shown in step S2, reduction items are input along the life cycle of the product, and the reduction profit is calculated. In this calculation, use of emissions trading costs, use of unit cost of power consumption, use of purchased material reduction costs for weight reduction, use of user power efficiency, use of user maintenance cost reduction costs, conversion of waste recycling costs Is used to calculate the reduction profit with high accuracy.
[0028]
Thereafter, as shown in step S3, the environmental EVA is calculated by subtracting the cost (environmental investment amount) related to environmental improvement from the environmental effect amount calculated in step S1. By this calculation, EVA of one product designed model is calculated, efficiency evaluation of the model is performed, a barometer of investment efficiency of the model, eV value indicating design efficiency, etc. is confirmed, and one model is evaluated. To calculate the total EVA value by converting the environmental efficiency of the entire company. As a result, it is possible to objectively obtain, as a numerical value, the extent to which environmental consideration has been efficiently performed between the reference product and the evaluation product (environmental management degree evaluation).
[0029]
Next, a specific calculation procedure of the environment EVA by the environment added value calculation program of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, as shown in step S11, a process of dividing a product into power, gross weight, constituent parts, and a set of parts (Assy) is performed.
[0030]
Next, as shown in step S12, the basic cores divided in the previous step S11 are divided into the raw materials of the parts and Assy, and they are put together. That is, for each basic core of the product, the production energy, the transportation mode, the power consumption, the years of use, the maintenance, the disposal mode prediction, the usage of the plastics, and the usage of the metals are obtained, and are summarized for one product.
[0031]
Next, as shown in step S13, the previously obtained value is input to the calculation tool, and the amount of CO ₂ emission is obtained from the data stored in the database. Database The Assy system database, production system database, there are materials and energy systems such as common data, and acquires the CO ₂ emissions for each item found in step S2.
[0032]
Steps S11 to S13 are performed for both the reference product and the evaluation product. In the next step S14, how much CO ₂ has been reduced between the reference product and the evaluation product and how much the physical weight has been reduced Calculate the difference.
[0033]
Next, in step S15, CO ₂ emissions in each of the reference product and rated product, to chart the physical weight display. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a graph display. Of these, (a) is the LCA value (carbon dioxide) composition ratio of the reference product (original model) and the evaluation product (the model), (b) is the raw material weight of the original model and the model, and (c) is the relevant material weight. The carbon dioxide composition ratio of the model is shown.
[0034]
The designer refers to this graph and the difference (improvement effect) calculated in step S14, and if necessary, makes a design change again to confirm a combination that achieves the maximum reduction in CO ₂ conversion and a combination that achieves the maximum reduction in total weight. can do.
[0035]
Next, in step S15, the environmental EVA is calculated from the value calculated in step S14 and necessary values obtained in advance, and the environmental EVA evaluation, the product efficiency, and the design efficiency based on the eV value are evaluated. Then, in step S16, a comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency and environmental accounting of the entire company is performed.
[0036]
With such a flow, it is possible to evaluate the environmental impact along the life cycle of the product and evaluate its countermeasures. In addition, by using CO ₂ as a unified rule that covers the entire life cycle, environmental added value in product design can be objectively grasped, and evaluation can be performed based on unified criteria.
[0037]
Next, a specific method of using the present embodiment will be described. 4 to 6 are diagrams illustrating examples of an environment EVA sheet that performs data input / output by the environment added value calculation program according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 shows the results of data input and data acquisition from the database for the processing shown in steps S11 to S13 shown in FIG.
[0038]
That is, as LCA reduction items listed in the LCA stage, which is the life cycle of a product, the user determines the amount of CO ₂ generated for material purchase, manufacture, transportation, use, maintenance, and disposal as the reference model and the model. To enter.
[0039]
CO ₂ generation amount of each item to be entered here is a value obtained from the database based on the use manner. The amount of CO ₂ generated for each item in the reference model can be saved by acquiring the amount of CO ₂ stored in the database in advance using the model name or the like as a key.
[0040]
The product deletion items listed in the LCA stage are mainly values related to physical weight, such as daily usage, annual usage days, life, planned sales volume, annual average production volume, product weight, power consumption, The product price, purchased material price, manufacturing cost, transportation cost, maintenance parts, recycled material usage, recycling disassembly separation cost, waste material disposal cost, etc. are input to each of the reference model and the model.
[0041]
When these inputs are performed, the difference between the amounts of the reference model and the model is calculated, and an improvement effect per vehicle can be obtained. As the improvement effect, an environmental effect amount based on the CO ₂ reduction amount is obtained, and the environmental effect amount is displayed separately for corporate profit and social contribution profit.
[0042]
Then, for each item, the in-company profit and the social contribution profit are calculated and displayed. Here, the company profit and the social contribution profit per model are displayed. The sum of these profits is used as an environmental effect amount when calculating the environmental EVA later.
[0043]
Next, FIG. 5 shows an example of a sheet for inputting environmental investment costs. This sheet is displayed as an environmental investment sheet, and the environmental investment cost can be input for each item. In each item, a basic unit and an amount obtained by multiplying the basic unit by the rate are displayed. That is, by inputting a wage (unit price per hour) in advance, the amount is displayed only by inputting the basic unit.
[0044]
Also, by inputting the basic cost and the investment cost of the environmental investment, these are multiplied to calculate the environmental investment amount, and the total environmental investment amount is also calculated. In addition, the total design investment cost is also entered.
[0045]
Next, FIG. 6 shows an example of a sheet for inputting preconditions and a display example of an evaluation result. Prerequisites are divided into CO ₂ related basic data and product-related basic data input unit. Further, the CO ₂ related basic data assumptions are also displayed eV value is the amount environmental effects.
[0046]
The LCA comprehensive evaluation results are based on these assumptions and prior inputs, the calculated environmental effects, the unit EVA per model calculated using the amount of environmental investment, the environmental EVA of the entire company, the environmental investment effect points, and the unit basis. The investment efficiency is displayed.
[0047]
Further, the commercialization determination is displayed based on this value. The commercialization determination may be performed manually, or the commercialization may be automatically determined using a predetermined threshold from each value of the LCA comprehensive evaluation result.
[0048]
By inputting data and displaying results using such a sheet, designers and managers can objectively judge the environmental improvement effect of the model and its business efficiency, which is a powerful tool in making commercialization decisions. Become a tool.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention has the following effects. In other words, it is possible to objectively quantify the relationship between the environmental improvement effect and business in the evaluation target, and to judge the feasibility of environmental investment for the entire life cycle of the evaluation target and to optimize the design based on the added value of the environment. It becomes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a flow (outline) of calculation of an environment EVA by an environment added value calculation program according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a specific procedure for calculating an environment EVA by an environment added value calculation program according to the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a graph display.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sheet for inputting data and displaying a data acquisition result.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a sheet for inputting environmental investment costs.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a sheet for inputting preconditions and a display example of an evaluation result.

Claims (7)

A computer-executed program for numerically expressing the improvement in environmental value-added by a first reference object and a second evaluation object,
The amount of a specific substance generated along a life cycle in each of the first target and the second target is acquired from a predetermined database, and a difference between the generation amounts of the specific substance is obtained to obtain an environmental effect related to the specific substance. Calculating the amount;
Calculating an environmental effect amount related to product reduction from a difference between various costs required along a life cycle in each of the first target and the second target;
Calculating an environmental added value by subtracting a cost related to environmental improvement from a value based on a sum of the environmental effect amount related to the specific substance and the environmental effect amount related to the product reduction. The environmental added value calculation program according to claim 1, wherein the cost related to the environmental improvement is obtained from a product of an investment cost related to the environmental improvement and a capital cost. In addition to the steps in the environmental added value calculation program according to claim 1,
Calculating the environmental effect amount by dividing the material cost in the second object by the amount of the specific substance generated along the life cycle of the second object acquired from the database. Environmental added value calculation program. In addition to the steps in the environmental added value calculation program according to claim 1,
An environmental value-added calculation program, comprising: calculating an environmental investment efficiency by dividing a sum of an environmental effect amount relating to the specific substance and an environmental effect amount relating to the product reduction by a cost relating to the environmental improvement. In addition to the steps in the environmental added value calculation program according to claim 1,
From the sum of the environmental effect amount for the specific substance and the environmental effect amount for the product reduction, an in-company effect amount obtained by the second target manufacturer is extracted, and the cost for the environmental improvement is divided by the in-company effect amount. And calculating an environmental investment effect point. The program according to claim 1, wherein the specific substance is carbon dioxide. 2. The environmental added value calculation program according to claim 1, wherein the various costs include material costs, manufacturing costs, transportation costs, usage costs, maintenance costs, recycling costs, and disposal costs of each product.

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