JP2004144534A - Method for blood typing examination, and report and processing method of examination result - Google Patents

Method for blood typing examination, and report and processing method of examination result Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004144534A
JP2004144534A JP2002307905A JP2002307905A JP2004144534A JP 2004144534 A JP2004144534 A JP 2004144534A JP 2002307905 A JP2002307905 A JP 2002307905A JP 2002307905 A JP2002307905 A JP 2002307905A JP 2004144534 A JP2004144534 A JP 2004144534A
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test
examination
result
sample
reporting
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JP2002307905A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshito Fujiwara
藤原 嘉人
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Japan Clinical Laboratories Inc
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Japan Clinical Laboratories Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing contamination of an antiserum used for examination when performing blood typing examination and infection of a person in charge of examination caused by splash of an examination sample, and safe report and custody method of an examination result. <P>SOLUTION: The contamination of the antiserum and the infection of the person in charge of the examination caused by splash of the examination sample are prevented by performing the blood typing examination in a well on a microtiter plate on the market. The safe examination result reporting is performed and custody management of the result is easily performed, by performing image processing of the examination result by a digital camera or the like and by reporting an article acquired by printing the image as the examination result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は血液型判定検査方法、その結果の報告方法及び検査結果の保管、管理方法として用いられる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
血液型判定の検査は、ABO型の表試験及び裏試験、RH型の検査、不規則抗体の試験等多岐に及ぶ。これらの検査は一般に紙、プラスチック及びガラススライド等のスライド上又は試験管内で行われている。最も汎用されている方法は、紙、プラスチック及びガラス等のスライド上で滴下した検査用の抗血清と検査試料を混和して、凝集を判定する方法である。そして検査した平板を乾燥させて検査結果を保存している。また平板をフィルムで包みカード状に加工して保存又は、検査依頼者或いは被検者にその結果を報告している。このような方法では、被検検体が残存したままで取り扱われるため、感染の危険が避けられないといった問題があった。また、スライドを用いた検査では平板上に描かれた円内に滴下された抗血清と被検試料を混和させる際に隣の円に抗血清が飛散、或いは流動により汚染するといった問題もあった。さらに撹拌時に被検試料の飛沫により検査担当者が感染の危険にさらされるといった問題もあった。試験管を用いる方法では、抗血清の汚染や被検試料の飛沫による検査担当者の感染の問題はないが、検査結果の報告方法及び検査が最低でも2種にわたるため多数検体の検査に不都合があった。最近、そのような問題を解決するため複数のカラムを利用した血液型判定装置及びそれを用いて自動的に検査する装置が開発され、それらでは検査結果を自動的に画像処理する方法が示されている(国際公開 WO97/37219)。しかしこの方法は、自動装置が大掛かりで、多数検体の処理には好都合であるが、少数の検体の検査には不向きであり、今尚、用手法による検査が多く行われており、検査時の抗血清の汚染や検査担当者の検査試料の飛沫による感染防止と、さらに検査結果の安全な報告及び保管方法の開発が望まれていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、血液型判定検査の際に検査に用いる抗血清の汚染並びに検査担当者の検査試料の飛沫による感染を防止する方法及び検査結果の安全な報告並びに保管方法を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決する手段】
本発明者らは血液型判定検査の際に検査に用いる抗血清の汚染並びに検査担当者の検査試料の飛沫による感染を防止する方法及び検査結果の安全な報告並びに保管方法について研究を重ねた結果、市販のマイクロタイタープレートを利用して血液型判定の検査が可能であり、抗血清の汚染並びに検査担当者の検査試料の飛沫による感染を防止する方法が提供できることを見出した。そして、その結果をデジタルカメラ等で画像処理して、その画像を印刷したものを検査結果として報告することにより、安全な検査結果の報告が可能であることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
【0005】
本発明は以下の構成からなる。
1、複数の試料液を保持できる反応容器であり、該反応容器は使用するまでは内容物を含んでいなく、そして試料液を保持した状態で遠心分離可能な反応容器を用いることを特徴とする血液型判定検査方法。
2、上記1記載の反応容器がマイクロプレートである血液型判定検査方法。
3、複数の試料液を保持できる反応容器、スライド又は試験管を用いる血液型判定検査結果の報告方法において、検査結果を画像処理し、該検査結果を視覚化して検査依頼者又は被検者に提供することを特徴とする検査結果の報告方法。
4、上記2に記載の画像処理した検査結果を電子ファイル化し保管又は管理することを特徴とする検査結果の処理方法。
5、上記2又は3に記載の方法に用いる記録媒体。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、血液型判定の検査方法およびその検査結果の報告及び保管方法に関するものである。
【0007】
本発明は、多種類の血液型判定検査に適用できるが、ABO型及びRH型の検査を例に詳細に説明する。複数の試料液保持部を有する反応容器の好適な例としてマイクロタイタープレートが用いられる。マイクロタイタープレートは市販の平底、U字、V字の何れの形状のものでも使用できるが、とりわけ平底のものが凝集を判定する際に好適である。用いるマイクロタイタープレートのウエルの数およびサイズは検査の種類及び検体数を考慮して適宜選択すればよい。たとえばABO型判定を表試験と裏試験及びRH型判定を行う場合には対照を入れて8ウエルが一連になったものを準備すればよい。多数検体を処理する場合には検体数に合わせて準備する。ウエルの大きさは検査の全量100μLが収容でき、かつ撹拌可能なサイズであればよい。このようなマイクロタイタープレートは、使用前は空であり、反応終了後試料液を保持したままでプレート遠心機にかけて簡単に遠心分離することが可能である。マイクロタイタープレート以外には、プラスチック製またはガラス製の小試験管を連結させた反応容器を用いることも可能である(図1、図1−2)。図1−2には4つの試料液保持部を連結させたユニットをさらに奥行き方向に連結させたものを示した。この場合、連結部位で任意に切断して使用することも可能である。
【0008】
具体的な検査の手技を以下に説明する。まずマイクロタイタープレートの第1ウエルに生理食塩水と被検血球を分注し2〜5%の血球浮遊液を調製する。次いで第2〜第4ウエルに抗A血清、抗B血清、抗D血清を添加する。第1ウエルには生理食塩水を加えて陰性対照とするか、又は抗H血清を添加しても良い。次いで第1ウエル内に調製した血球浮遊液を所定量ずつ第2〜第4ウエルに分注する。一方、裏試験用の各ウエルにはA型血球、B型血球及びO型血球を順次分注し、被検血清をそれぞれ添加する。全ての試料及び抗血清等が分注された後、マイクロタイタープレートの上面をシールテープ或いは適当なカバーをすることにより、試料の飛散等の問題がより確実に解決できる。もちろん、このようなシールやカバーは必須であるというものではない。ここで各ウエルに分注する抗血清及び型血球の種類及び順番は特に限定されるものではなく、又前述のウエルの番号もウエルの識別を表したものに過ぎない。
【0009】
所定の分注後プレートミキサー等で撹拌混和しながら凝集を肉眼で判定するとともに、カメラ等で検査結果を画像化する。この場合には、従来のスライドによる検査の前述の問題点を解決した上に、スライド法による肉眼判定と同様の判定が可能となる。さらに、反応させたマイクロタイタープレートをマイクロプレート遠心機で遠心したのち、沈殿した血球を振り解いて凝集を観察し、検査結果を画像化することも可能である。この場合には、従来の試験管法の問題点を解決した上で試験管法と同様の判定が可能である。従って、本発明の方法によると、従来のスライド法及び試験管法の2通りの検査法を一つの用具又は装置で同一の試料で実施できる。画像化する方法として電子記憶媒体を用いたデジタルカメラ、さらにスキャナー等の他一般の光学フィルムを用いたカメラ等特に限定されることなく、後の検査結果報告および保管管理に好適なものを選択することができる。
【0010】
以上のように血液型判定検査を行って、画像処理されて得られた検査結果は、適宜電子的に処理後、印刷して検査依頼者又は被検者に報告書として提供する。このときに、電子記憶媒体を合わせて提供することも可能である。光学フィルムの場合には、フィルムの現像、プリント等の通常の写真の処理方法により処理し、プリントした検査結果を報告書として検査依頼者又は被検者に提供することができる。さらに、画像処理された検査結果は、容易に保管管理することができる。
【0011】
血液型判定検査結果を画像処理して、検査結果の報告、保管及び管理する処理方法は、マイクロタイタープレートを用いた検査方法に限定されることなく、紙、プラスチック、ガラススライド又は試験管を用いた検査にも適用される。従来のスライドを用いた方法では、検査結果を報告するために、検査のあと凝集塊を残しながら、水分を吸引除去し、乾燥させる工程が必要であったが、本発明の方法ではそのような煩雑で熟練を要する工程を必要とせず簡便でしかも安全な検査結果の報告、保管及び管理が可能である。
【0012】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例を以下に示すが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。
【実施例1】
市販の48穴(6×8)マイクロタイタープレートを用いて、右端の第1穴目に生理食塩水200μLを分注した。次いで被検血液10μLを分注し、撹拌して5%血球浮遊液を調製した。調製した浮遊液の50μLずつを第2穴〜第4穴に分注するとともに、第1穴に生理食塩水1滴(50μL)、第2穴に抗A血清1滴(50μL)、第3穴に抗B血清1滴(50μL)第4穴に抗D血清1滴(50μL)を加えた。さらに第5穴から第8穴にかけて別の検体を同様に処理して検査した。同様な方法で1枚のプレートで合計10人の血液型判定検査を行った。試料と抗血清を各ウエルに分注後、プレートミキサーで緩やかに撹拌しながら凝集塊の生成状況を観察した。その結果をフラットスキャナーによる画像取り込みを行った。その後、プレートをマイクロプレート遠心機にかけ、1000rpmで60秒遠心後、沈殿した血球を静かに振り解きながら凝集塊を観察した。この場合には、試験管法の感度と同等であることが確認された。その結果を画像化したものを図2に示した。10人全ての検査結果は、スライド法及び試験管法の結果と一致しており、本発明の有用性が確かめられた。
【0013】
【実施例2】
実施例1で行った検査結果を被検査者に報告する様式例を図3に示した。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、従来のスライド法による血液型判定検査の抗血清の汚染並びに検査担当者の検査試料の飛沫による感染等の問題を解決し、スライド法及び試験管法による両方の検査を同一の用具又は装置で、しかも同一の試料で検査が可能であるという画期的な検査方法を提供できる。さらに、感染の恐れのない検査結果を検査依頼者或いは被検者に報告することが可能となり、しかも結果を容易に保管管理できるといった格別の効果をもたらした。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】連結小試験管の例を示した断面図である。
【図1−2】連結小試験管を奥行き方向に連結した図である。
【図2】マイクロタイタープレートによる検査結果を印刷したものである。
【図3】血液型判定検査報告書の一例である。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used as a blood type determination test method, a result reporting method, and a storage and management method of test results.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The blood type determination test covers a wide variety of tests, such as ABO type front and back tests, RH type test, and irregular antibody test. These tests are generally performed on slides such as paper, plastic and glass slides or in test tubes. The most widely used method is to judge aggregation by mixing a test sample with a test antiserum dropped on a slide made of paper, plastic, glass, or the like. Then, the inspected plate is dried to store the inspection result. In addition, the flat plate is wrapped in a film, processed into a card shape and stored, or the result is reported to an inspection client or a subject. In such a method, there is a problem that the risk of infection is unavoidable because the test sample is handled while remaining. In addition, in the inspection using a slide, when the antiserum dropped in the circle drawn on the plate and the test sample are mixed, the antiserum scatters in the next circle or is contaminated by the flow. . Further, there is a problem that the inspector is exposed to the risk of infection due to the splash of the test sample at the time of stirring. In the test tube method, there is no problem of contamination of antiserum due to antiserum contamination or test sample droplets.However, there are at least two methods of reporting test results and inconvenience in testing many samples. there were. Recently, in order to solve such a problem, a blood type determination device using a plurality of columns and a device for automatically performing a test using the blood type determination device have been developed. (International Publication WO 97/37219). However, this method requires a large-scale automatic device and is convenient for processing a large number of samples, but is unsuitable for testing a small number of samples. There has been a demand for the development of a method for preventing infection due to antiserum contamination and splashing of test samples from test personnel, and further developing a method for safely reporting and storing test results.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing contamination of antiserum used for a blood type determination test and infection by a test sample by a test person, and a method for safely reporting and storing test results. is there.
[0004]
[Means to solve the problem]
The present inventors have conducted repeated studies on methods for preventing contamination of antiserum used for testing during blood typing tests and methods of preventing infection by test sample droplets, and for safe reporting and storage of test results. It has been found that a blood type determination test can be performed by using a commercially available microtiter plate, and a method for preventing contamination by antiserum and infection by a test sample by a tester can be provided. Then, the result was image-processed by a digital camera or the like, and the result of printing the image was reported as an inspection result. As a result, it was found that a safe inspection result could be reported, and the present invention was completed.
[0005]
The present invention has the following configuration.
1. A reaction container capable of holding a plurality of sample solutions, wherein the reaction container does not contain contents until use, and is characterized by using a reaction container capable of centrifugation while holding the sample solution. Blood typing test method.
2. A blood type determination test method in which the reaction container according to 1 is a microplate.
3. In a method of reporting a blood type determination test result using a reaction container, a slide, or a test tube capable of holding a plurality of sample solutions, the test result is image-processed, the test result is visualized, and the test requester or the subject is A method for reporting test results, which is provided.
4. A method for processing inspection results, wherein the inspection results subjected to the image processing described in the above item 2 are stored in an electronic file and stored or managed.
(5) A recording medium used in the method according to the above (2) or (3).
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a blood type determination test method and a method for reporting and storing the test results.
[0007]
Although the present invention can be applied to various types of blood type determination tests, ABO type and RH type tests will be described in detail as examples. A microtiter plate is used as a preferred example of a reaction vessel having a plurality of sample solution holding sections. The microtiter plate may be any commercially available flat bottom, U-shaped, or V-shaped microplate, but the flat-bottomed plate is particularly suitable for determining aggregation. The number and size of wells of the microtiter plate to be used may be appropriately selected in consideration of the type of test and the number of samples. For example, in the case of performing a front test, a back test, and an RH type determination for ABO type determination, a series of 8 wells including a control may be prepared. When processing a large number of samples, prepare according to the number of samples. The size of the well may be a size capable of accommodating 100 μL of the whole test and capable of stirring. Such a microtiter plate is empty before use, and can be easily centrifuged with a plate centrifuge while holding the sample solution after completion of the reaction. In addition to the microtiter plate, it is also possible to use a reaction vessel to which a plastic or glass small test tube is connected (FIGS. 1 and 1-2). FIG. 1-2 shows a unit in which four sample liquid holding units are connected, further connected in the depth direction. In this case, it is also possible to arbitrarily cut at the connection site before use.
[0008]
The specific inspection procedure will be described below. First, physiological saline and a test blood cell are dispensed into the first well of a microtiter plate to prepare a 2 to 5% blood cell suspension. Next, anti-A serum, anti-B serum, and anti-D serum are added to the second to fourth wells. Saline may be added to the first well to serve as a negative control, or anti-H serum may be added. Next, the blood cell suspension prepared in the first well is dispensed by a predetermined amount to the second to fourth wells. On the other hand, A-type blood cells, B-type blood cells, and O-type blood cells are sequentially dispensed into each well for the back test, and a test serum is added thereto. After all of the sample and antiserum are dispensed, the upper surface of the microtiter plate is covered with a sealing tape or an appropriate cover, so that problems such as scattering of the sample can be more reliably solved. Of course, such a seal or cover is not essential. Here, the type and order of the antiserum and blood cells to be dispensed into each well are not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned well numbers merely represent the wells.
[0009]
After predetermined dispensing, aggregation is visually determined while stirring and mixing with a plate mixer or the like, and the inspection result is imaged with a camera or the like. In this case, in addition to solving the above-mentioned problem of the conventional inspection using a slide, a determination similar to the naked eye determination using the slide method can be performed. Furthermore, after the reacted microtiter plate is centrifuged by a microplate centrifuge, the precipitated blood cells are shaken to observe the agglutination, and the test results can be imaged. In this case, the same determination as in the test tube method can be made after solving the problems of the conventional test tube method. Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, two types of inspection methods, the conventional slide method and the test tube method, can be performed on the same sample with one tool or device. As a method of imaging, a digital camera using an electronic storage medium, a camera using another general optical film such as a scanner, and the like are not particularly limited, and those suitable for later inspection result reporting and storage management are selected. be able to.
[0010]
The blood type determination test is performed as described above, and the test results obtained by image processing are electronically processed as appropriate, printed, and provided as a report to the test client or the subject. At this time, it is also possible to provide an electronic storage medium together. In the case of an optical film, it can be processed by a normal photographic processing method such as film development and printing, and the printed inspection result can be provided as a report to the inspection client or the subject. Further, the inspection result subjected to the image processing can be easily stored and managed.
[0011]
The processing method for reporting, storing, and managing test results by image processing of blood type determination test results is not limited to test methods using microtiter plates, but uses paper, plastic, glass slides, or test tubes. Also applies to inspections that have been conducted. In the method using a conventional slide, in order to report an inspection result, a step of removing and drying water while leaving an agglomerate after the inspection and drying was necessary, but the method of the present invention requires such a step. Simple and safe inspection result reporting, storage and management are possible without the need for complicated and skillful processes.
[0012]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Embodiment 1
Using a commercially available 48-well (6 × 8) microtiter plate, 200 μL of physiological saline was dispensed into the first hole at the right end. Next, 10 μL of test blood was dispensed and stirred to prepare a 5% blood cell suspension. Dispense 50 μL of the prepared suspension into each of the second to fourth holes, 1 drop of physiological saline (50 μL) in the first well, 1 drop of anti-A serum (50 μL) in the second well, and 3rd well. One drop (50 μL) of anti-B serum was added to the 4th well. Further, another sample was processed and inspected in the same manner from the fifth hole to the eighth hole. In the same manner, a blood plate determination test was performed on a single plate for a total of 10 persons. After dispensing the sample and the antiserum to each well, the state of formation of aggregates was observed while gently stirring with a plate mixer. The results were captured by a flat scanner. Thereafter, the plate was placed in a microplate centrifuge and centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 60 seconds, and the aggregate was observed while gently shaking the precipitated blood cells. In this case, it was confirmed that the sensitivity was equivalent to the sensitivity of the test tube method. An image of the result is shown in FIG. The test results of all 10 persons were consistent with the results of the slide method and the test tube method, confirming the usefulness of the present invention.
[0013]
Embodiment 2
FIG. 3 shows an example of a format for reporting the test results performed in Example 1 to the subject.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention solves the problems of antisera contamination in blood group determination tests by the conventional slide method and infection due to splashes of test samples by test personnel, and performs the same test using both the slide method and the test tube method. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a revolutionary inspection method in which an inspection can be performed with the same sample using an apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to report a test result without fear of infection to the test requester or the subject, and to bring about a special effect that the result can be easily stored and managed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a connected small test tube.
FIG. 1-2 is a view in which connected small test tubes are connected in the depth direction.
FIG. 2 is a printed result of a test using a microtiter plate.
FIG. 3 is an example of a blood type determination test report.

Claims (5)

複数の試料液を保持できる反応容器であり、該反応容器は使用するまでは内容物を含んでいなく、そして試料液を保持した状態で遠心分離可能な反応容器を用いることを特徴とする血液型判定検査方法。A reaction container capable of holding a plurality of sample liquids, wherein the reaction container does not contain contents until use, and uses a reaction container capable of centrifugation while holding the sample liquid. Type determination inspection method. 請求項1記載の反応容器がマイクロプレートである血液型判定検査方法。A blood type determination test method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction container according to claim 1 is a microplate. 複数の試料液を保持できる反応容器、スライド又は試験管を用いる血液型判定検査結果の報告方法において、検査結果を画像処理し、該検査結果を視覚化して検査依頼者又は被検者に提供することを特徴とする検査結果の報告方法。In a method of reporting a blood type determination test result using a reaction container, a slide, or a test tube capable of holding a plurality of sample solutions, the test result is image-processed, the test result is visualized, and the test result is provided to a test client or a subject. A method for reporting test results. 請求項3に記載の画像処理した検査結果を電子ファイル化し保管又は管理することを特徴とする検査結果の処理方法。An inspection result processing method, wherein the inspection result subjected to the image processing according to claim 3 is converted into an electronic file and stored or managed. 請求項3又は4に記載の方法に用いる記録媒体。A recording medium used in the method according to claim 3.
JP2002307905A 2002-10-23 2002-10-23 Method for blood typing examination, and report and processing method of examination result Pending JP2004144534A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009030997A (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-02-12 Olympus Corp Blood group determining kit for type and screening and blood group determining device using the same
JP2017156359A (en) * 2011-08-30 2017-09-07 ザ ガバナーズ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ アルバータ Method and system for abo antibody detection and characterization

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009030997A (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-02-12 Olympus Corp Blood group determining kit for type and screening and blood group determining device using the same
JP2017156359A (en) * 2011-08-30 2017-09-07 ザ ガバナーズ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ アルバータ Method and system for abo antibody detection and characterization

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