JP2004143323A - Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber and method for producing the same - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐溶剤性に優れたニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム及びその製造方法、前記ゴムの架橋成形物に関し、さらに詳しくは、有機溶剤と接触させて使用する用途に好適なニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム及びその製造方法、前記ゴムの架橋成形物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、耐溶剤性に優れていることから、溶剤が用いられている分野において広く使用されている。ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの中でも、アクリロニトリルとブタジエンとの共重合体であるアクリロニトリル−ブタジエンゴム（ＮＢＲ）は、耐油性及び耐溶剤性に優れているので、これらの特徴を生かして非常に広範囲に使用されている。ＮＢＲは、アクリロニトリル単量体単位量（ＡＮ量）が増加すると耐油性及び耐溶剤性が一層向上するため、ＡＮ量の多いＮＢＲ、例えばＡＮ量が４３％以上のいわゆる極高ニトリルは、燃料、油及び溶剤に対して最も高度の耐久性が要求される場合に使用され、例えば、過酷な環境下で使用される自動車燃料ホース等に利用されている。
【０００３】
しかし、上記の極高ニトリルであっても、例えばスプレー缶の噴射部と本体との間のシール材（パッキン）等に使用された場合に、噴射剤として利用されるジメチルエーテル（ＤＭＥ）のような溶剤に接した環境下で亀裂が生じるという問題があった。また、架橋成形物として金属部品と接触させて使用する場合に、接触する金属を腐食させたり、水を吸収して膨潤したりする場合があった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、耐溶剤性に優れ、圧縮や引張りなどの応力を受けた状態で溶剤と長期に接触しても亀裂が生じず、さらに耐水性に優れ金属を腐食させにくいニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム及びその製造方法、前記ゴムの架橋成形物を提供することである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上述した課題を解決すべく鋭意検討したところ、アクリロニトリル単量体単位量が特定範囲にあり、且つ、塩素含有量が特定範囲にあるニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムを用いることにより前記課題を達成できることを見出した。また、このようなニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、特定の凝固、回収方法により得られることを見出し、これらの知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００６】
かくして本発明によれば、以下の１〜４の発明が提供される。
１． α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位３５〜８０重量％及び共役ジエン単量体単位６５〜２０重量％から成るニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムであって、塩素含有量が５００ｐｐｍ以下であることを特徴とするニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム。
２． 塩素含有量が５０〜２５０ｐｐｍである上記１記載のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム。
３． 上記１又は２記載のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムを架橋して成る架橋成形物。
４． α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位３５〜８０重量％及び共役ジエン単量体単位６５〜２０重量％から成るニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムのエマルションを、凝固剤として金属塩化物を含む水溶液と混合させて前記共役ジエンゴムのクラムの水分散液を得、該水分散液から前記金属塩化物を含む水を分離除去して前記クラムを回収するニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの製造方法において、
回収されたクラムと水とを混合し、得られた混合物から前記水を分離除去する工程、
を２回以上実施することを特徴とするニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの製造方法。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位３５〜８０重量％及び共役ジエン単量体単位６５〜２０重量％から成り、塩素含有量が５００ｐｐｍ以下であることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
ニトリル基含有共重合ゴムの塩素含有量は、好ましくは３２０ｐｐｍ以下、さらに好ましくは５０〜２５０ｐｐｍである。ニトリル基含有共重合ゴムの塩素含有量が多すぎると、有機溶剤と接触した場合に亀裂が発生し、接触する金属を腐食させるおそれもあり、さらには水分により膨張等して耐水性も低下する。
ニトリル基含有共重合ゴム中の塩素含有量を上記範囲とすることにより、このゴムをシール材（パッキン）等の用途に使用する場合に、有機溶剤による亀裂の発生がなく、組み合わせて使用する金属材の腐食が低減される。更に、耐水性も向上される。本発明のニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、塩素を全く含有しない場合には、架橋後のゴムの引張応力が実用レベルではあるが若干低下したり、加硫速度が低下したりする場合がある。したがって、本発明のニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、本発明の範囲にて５０ｐｐｍ以上は塩素を含有するのが望ましい。
【０００９】
上記ニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位が好ましくは４３〜６０重量％、及びα，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体と共重合可能な共役ジエン単量体単位が好ましくは５７〜４０重量％である。α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位の含有量が少なすぎると耐油性に劣り、逆に多すぎると耐寒性に劣る傾向がある。
このようなニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体と共役ジエン単量体とを共重合させて得られる。α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体の例としては、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、α−クロロアクリロニトリル等を挙げることができ、中でも、アクリロニトリルが好ましい。
【００１０】
α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体と共重合させる共役ジエン単量体としては、１，３−ブタジエン、イソプレン、２，３−ジメチル−１，３−ブタジエン、１，３−ペンタジエン等を挙げることができ、中でも、１，３−ブタジエンが好ましい。
【００１１】
本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、上述した単量体単位に加えて、上述した単量体と共重合可能なその他の単量体の単位を含んでいてもよい。その他の単量体としては、例えば、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等のような芳香族ビニル化合物；アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、イタコン酸、無水イタコン酸、フマル酸、無水フマル酸等のようなα，β−不飽和カルボン酸及びその無水物；（メタ）アクリル酸メチル、（メタ）アクリル酸エチル、（メタ）アクリル酸ブチル、（メタ）アクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル等のようなα，β−不飽和カルボン酸のアルキルエステル；マレイン酸モノ（ジ）エチル、マレイン酸モノ（ジ）ブチル、フマル酸モノ（ジ）エチル、フマル酸モノ（ジ）−２−エチルヘキシル、イタコン酸−ｎ−ブチル等のようなα，β−不飽和ジカルボン酸のモノ（ジ）エステル；（メタ）アクリル酸メトキシエチル、（メタ）アクリル酸メトキシプロピル、（メタ）アクリル酸ブトキシエチル等のようなα，β−不飽和カルボン酸のアルコキシアルキルエステル；（メタ）アクリル酸２−ヒドロキシエチル、（メタ）アクリル酸２−ヒドロキシプロピル等のようなα，β−不飽和カルボン酸のヒドロキシアルキルエステル；等を挙げることができ、これらに限定しない。上記これらの単量体単位の、ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム中の含有量は、１０重量％以下であるのが好ましい。
【００１２】
本発明のニトリル基含有共重合ゴムは、α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体３５〜８０重量％、共役ジエン単量体６５〜２０重量％及び必要に応じて用いられる前記単量体と共重合可能な上記単量体を公知の乳化重合法により乳化重合し、以下の方法により製造することができる。
すなわち、上記方法で乳化重合させて得られるニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムのエマルションを、凝固剤を含む水溶液と混合させて前記共役ジエンゴムのクラムの水分散液を得、該水分散液から凝固剤を含む水を分離除去して前記クラムを回収する。次いで、回収されたクラムと、凝固剤を含有しない水を混合し、得られた混合物から前記水を分離除去することによりクラムを水洗浄する。
【００１３】
上記エマルションが未反応の単量体を含む場合には、前記エマルションを減圧下で水蒸気蒸留等して未反応の単量体を除去するのが好ましい。次いで、エマルションを、凝固剤を含む水溶液と混合することにより、ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムのクラムを生成させ、該クラムの水分散体を得る。エマルションと凝固剤を含む水溶液との混合は撹拌混合によるのが好ましい。
共役ジエンゴムのクラムを生成させる際に、後に凝固剤を除去するのを容易にするために、撹拌時の水の温度や攪拌速度を調整することによって、クラムの粒径が２〜１０ｍｍ程度になるようにするのが好ましい。このために、撹拌時の水の温度を４０〜７０℃に調整し、攪拌速度を、撹拌翼の先端速度で１０〜３０ｍ／ｓに調整するのが好ましい。更に、攪拌に輻流型タービン攪拌翼を使用することは、凝固剤の使用量を低減することができることから、より好ましい。これらの好適な方法を採用して、共役ジエンゴム中に残留する塩素系凝固剤を著しく低減させることにより、該ゴム中の塩素含有量を５００ｐｐｍ以下とすることができる。
【００１４】
上記方法により撹拌した後に、攪拌を停止し、得られたクラムの水分散液から、凝固剤を含む水を分離除去する。凝固水を含む水は、前記水分散液を濾過等することによりクラムから分離除去できる。具体的には、水分散液を金属網に通過させて濾過し、該網にクラムを捕捉する。
凝固剤を含む水（セラム水）が除去されたクラムは、凝固剤を含まない水と混合し、この混合物を再び濾過や遠心分離して水を除去することにより該クラムが洗浄されて、クラム中の残留凝固剤量が減少する。
【００１５】
上記方法において使用する凝固剤は、ゴムの凝固剤として一般的に用いられているものであれば限定はないが、本発明方法においては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム及び塩化マグネシウムなどの金属塩化物を用いるのが好ましい。これらの凝固剤を用いると、得られるニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの機械的強度に優れる。
凝固剤の水溶液中の濃度は、０．２０〜０．７５重量％、好ましくは０．３０〜０．５０重量％である。
上記の金属塩化物を凝固剤に用いて本発明の塩素含有量５００ｐｐｍ以下のニトリル基含有共重合ゴムを製造する場合には、上記のクラムの洗浄を２回以上実施する。すなわち、
α，β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位３５〜８０重量％及び共役ジエン単量体単位６５〜２０重量％から成るニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムのエマルションを、凝固剤として金属塩化物を含む水溶液と混合させて前記共役ジエンゴムのクラムの水分散液を得、該水分散液から前記金属塩化物を含む水を分離除去して前記クラムを回収するニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの製造方法において、
回収されたクラムと水とを混合し、得られた混合物から前記水を分離除去する工程、
を２回以上実施する。
金属塩化物を凝固剤に用い、上記洗程（クラムの洗浄工程）を２回以上実施することにより、本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの耐溶剤亀裂性及び機械的強度が最も向上する。
【００１６】
このようにして得られた本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、ゴム分野において一般的に使用される補強性充填剤、老化防止剤、可塑剤等の配合剤を配合することができる。これらの配合剤はゴムの配合剤として一般的に用いられているものを使用することができ、その配合量も一般的な量であればよい。
また、本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、ゴムの架橋剤として一般的に用いられている架橋剤を通常の量配合し、架橋形成して架橋成形物とすることにより、各種ゴム部品として用いることができる。
【００１７】
本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム架橋成形物は、ゴム中の残留塩素濃度が低いことにより、耐溶剤亀裂性に優れ、成形装置や組み合わせて使用する金属材の腐食が低減される。更に、耐水性も向上する。このため、印刷用、紡績用、製紙用、染色用や製鉄用ロール；オイルシール、オーリング、ダイヤフラム、ガスケット、パッキンなどのシール材；自動車オイルホース、燃料ホース等のホース材；などにおいて広く使用することができる。
これらの中でも、特に、スプレー缶のパッキンやガスケットなどのシール材として用いた場合に、噴射剤であるジメチルエーテルと長期に接触しても亀裂が生じないので、好適である。
【００１８】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的な説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例に限定されない。以下において、部及び％は特に断りがない限り重量による。
実施例及び比較例において、ゴム中の残留塩素濃度、耐溶剤亀裂性、金属腐食性、耐水性、引張応力は、下記のようにして測定した。
【００１９】
塩素含有量
ゴムの試料約２０〜３０ｇをロールで伸ばしてシートにし、シートを２×１０ｍｍ程度に裁断し、約０．５ｇを２００ｍｍビーカーに入れる。これに、メチルエチルケトン７０ｍｌを加え、攪拌して前記シートを完全に溶解させる。シートが溶解した後に、イソプロピルアルコール３０ｍｌを加え、更に、メチルエチルケトンを加えて全量を１５０ｍｌにする。この溶液に、２％硫酸溶液１ｍｌを駒込ピペットで加える。これに、Ｎ／２００硝酸銀溶液を滴下して電位差滴定で塩素含有量を求める。
使用する滴定装置は、平沼製ＣＯＭＩＴＥ−１０１又は相当品で、銀支持電極ＡＧ−６８／銀比較電極ＡＭ−４４である。
【００２０】
耐溶剤亀裂性
加硫ゴムのシートを長さ１００ｍｍ×幅１０ｍｍ×厚さ２〜３ｍｍの寸法に裁断し、これをタンザク状に打ち抜いて試料を作成する。試料に、屈曲亀裂試験の亀裂切り込み刃で試料を貫通させて２ｍｍの亀裂を切り込む。亀裂の入ったタンザク状シートを、４０℃でホルダーにセットし、ノギスを使用して１００％伸張させる。これを速やかにトルエン／イソオクタン混合比＝６／４のＦｕｅｌ−Ｄが入ったビーカー中に浸漬する。試料をビーカー中のＦｕｅｌ−Ｄ中に浸漬した時から、亀裂が成長して試料が破断するまでの時間を測定する。この時間が長い程、耐溶剤亀裂性が良好になる。
【００２１】
金属腐食性
ゴム組成物を１６０℃×２０分プレス加硫して試験片を作製し、ＪＩＳ Ｂ２４０１腐食及び粘り付き試験に従って金属腐食性を測定する。
耐水性
ゴム組成物を１６０℃×２０分プレス加硫して試験片を作製し、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６２５８に従って浸せき試験を実施し、体積変化率により耐水性を測定する（単位は％）。体積変化率が小さい程、耐水性に優れる。
引張応力
ゴム組成物を１６０℃×２０分プレス加硫して試験片を作製し、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６３０１に従って引張応力を測定する（単位はｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２）。値が大きい程、機械的特性に優れる。
【００２２】
実施例１
ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの調製
反応容器に、水２００部、アクリロニトリル６５部及び１，３−ブタジエン３５部を仕込み、乳化剤としてオレイン酸カリウム２．５部、分子量調整剤としてｔ−ドデシルメルカプタン０．５部を用い、更に重合開始剤として過硫酸カリウム０．３部を仕込み、十分に脱気した後に、温度３０℃で乳化共重合を開始させた。重合体転化率が７０％に達した時点で反応容器にヒドロキシルアミン硫酸塩０．３部を重合停止剤として加えて重合を停止させた。次いで、反応容器の内容物を加熱して温度６０℃にし、減圧下で水蒸気蒸留によって未反応の単量体を回収し、老化防止剤（アルキル化フェノール）１．５部を加え、生成したラテックスを、凝固剤として塩化カルシウムを含む水溶液（濃度０．４％、温度５０℃）に注いで重合体クラムを凝固させた。前記ラテックスと凝固剤水溶液との混合比率は、混合物中のゴム成分の濃度が１０％となるように調整した。
次いで、重合体クラムの水分散液を、金属網を用いてろ過してセラム水を除いて重合体クラムを回収した。回収された重合体クラムに蒸留水を加えて十分に撹拌して水洗した後、重合体クラムの水分散液を金網でろ過してセラム水を除いて重合体クラムを回収した。さらに、前記の回収された重合体クラムに再び蒸留水を加えて十分に撹拌して水洗した後、重合体クラムの水分散液を金網でろ過してセラム水を除いて重合体クラムを回収し、５０℃で減圧乾燥させてニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム６５部を得た。
【００２３】
このようにして得られたニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムについて、塩素含有量を上記した通りの測定法に従って求めた。結果を下記の表１に挙げる。
【００２４】
ゴム組成物の調製
次に、ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムに、下記の配合剤を下記の配合処方に従って配合し混練して得たゴム組成物の架橋物について、耐溶剤亀裂性、耐金属腐食性、耐水性及び引張応力を求めた。結果を下記の表１に挙げる。
配合処方
ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴム １００部
亜鉛華 ５部
ステアリン酸 １部
硫黄 ０．５部
ＳＲＦ Ｂｌａｃｋ ６０部
ジオクチルフタレート ５部
テトラメチルチウラムジスルフィド １．５部
Ｎ−シクロヘキシル−２−ベンゾチアジルスルフェンアミド １．５部
【００２５】
実施例２
実施例１において、凝固時を輻流型タービン攪拌翼を用いて攪拌速度を２０ｍ／ｓで行った他は、実施例１と同じ手順に従って、ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムを調製した。凝固重合体クラムの粒径は、６ｍｍであった。このようにして得られたニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムについて塩素含有量を求めた。
【００２６】
また、実施例１と同じ手順に従って、ゴム組成物を作製し、これの架橋物について、耐溶剤亀裂性、耐金属腐食性、耐水性及び引張応力を上記した通りの測定法に従って求めた。これらの結果を下記の表１に挙げる。
【００２７】
参考例１
凝固剤として塩化カルシウムに代えて亜硫酸アルミニウムを使用し、その水溶液濃度を３％としたこと、及び、重合体クラムに蒸留水を加えて洗浄する操作を１回のみ実施したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムを調製した。このようにして得られたニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムについて、塩素含有量を求めた。
【００２８】
また、実施例１と同じ手順に従って、ゴム組成物を作製し、これの架橋物について、耐溶剤亀裂性、耐金属腐食性、耐水性及び引張応力を上記した通りの測定法に従って求めた。これらの結果を下記の表１に挙げる。
【００２９】
比較例１
実施例１において、水洗工程を１度しか実施しなかった他は、実施例１と同じ手順に従って、ニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムを調製した。このようにして得られたニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムについて塩素含有量を求めた。
【００３０】
また、実施例１と同じ手順に従って、ゴム組成物を作製し、これの架橋物について、耐溶剤亀裂性、耐金属腐食性、耐水性及び引張応力を上記した通りの測定法に従って求めた。これらの結果を下記の表１に挙げる。
【００３１】
【表１】
表１に示す結果から、塩素含有量が７５０ｐｐｍであるニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの架橋物は、耐溶剤亀裂性及び耐水性に劣り、金属腐食性がある（比較例１）。これに対し塩素含有量が５００ｐｐｍ以下のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの架橋物は、耐溶剤亀裂性、耐水性に優れ、引張応力が十分大きく、金属腐食性がない。また、その中でも、塩素含有量が５０ｐｐｍ以上であるもの（実施例１、２）は、さらに引張応力が優れる。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、残留塩素濃度が低く、架橋物を溶剤に接した環境下で使用しても、架橋物に亀裂が生じない。更に、本発明のニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムは、架橋物の耐金属腐食性、耐水性及び引張応力等の特性も向上する。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber having excellent solvent resistance, a method for producing the same, and a cross-linked molded product of the rubber, and more particularly, to a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber suitable for use in contact with an organic solvent. The present invention relates to a method for producing the same and a crosslinked molded article of the rubber.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubbers are widely used in fields where solvents are used because of their excellent solvent resistance. Among the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubbers, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), which is a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene, is excellent in oil resistance and solvent resistance. Have been. The NBR is further improved in oil resistance and solvent resistance when the acrylonitrile monomer unit amount (AN amount) is increased. Therefore, NBR having a large AN amount, for example, a so-called ultra-high nitrile having an AN amount of 43% or more is used as a fuel, It is used when the highest durability is required for oils and solvents, and is used, for example, for automobile fuel hoses used in harsh environments.
[0003]
However, even when the above-mentioned extremely high nitrile is used as a sealing material (packing) between a spraying part of a spray can and a main body, for example, dimethyl ether (DME) used as a propellant is used. There has been a problem that cracks occur in an environment in contact with a solvent. In addition, when a cross-linked molded article is used in contact with a metal component, the contacting metal may be corroded or may absorb water and swell.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a nitrile group-containing conjugate which has excellent solvent resistance, does not crack even when it is in contact with a solvent for a long time under stress such as compression or tension, and has excellent water resistance and is hard to corrode metal. An object of the present invention is to provide a diene rubber, a method for producing the same, and a cross-linked molded product of the rubber.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the acrylonitrile monomer unit amount is in a specific range, and the chlorine content is in the specific range by using a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber having a specific range. It was found that the task could be achieved. Further, they have found that such a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber can be obtained by a specific coagulation and recovery method, and have completed the present invention based on these findings.
[0006]
Thus, according to the present invention, the following inventions 1 to 4 are provided.
1. A nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber comprising 35 to 80% by weight of α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units and 65 to 20% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units, wherein the chlorine content is 500 ppm or less. A conjugated diene rubber containing a nitrile group.
2. 2. The nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber according to the above 1, wherein the chlorine content is 50 to 250 ppm.
3. 3. A crosslinked molded product obtained by crosslinking the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber according to 1 or 2 above.
4. An aqueous solution containing a metal chloride as a coagulant, comprising an emulsion of a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber composed of 35 to 80% by weight of α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units and 65 to 20% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units. To obtain an aqueous dispersion of crumb of the conjugated diene rubber, and the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber for recovering the crumb by separating and removing water containing the metal chloride from the aqueous dispersion,
Mixing the recovered crumb and water, separating and removing the water from the resulting mixture,
The method for producing a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber is carried out twice or more.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber of the present invention comprises 35 to 80% by weight of an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit and 65 to 20% by weight of a conjugated diene monomer unit, and has a chlorine content of 500 ppm or less. It is characterized by being.
[0008]
The chlorine content of the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber is preferably 320 ppm or less, more preferably 50 to 250 ppm. If the chlorine content of the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber is too large, cracks are generated when the rubber is in contact with an organic solvent, which may corrode the contacting metal, and further, the water resistance is reduced due to expansion due to moisture and the like. .
By setting the chlorine content in the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber within the above range, when this rubber is used for applications such as sealing materials (packings), cracks due to organic solvents do not occur and metals used in combination Material corrosion is reduced. Further, the water resistance is also improved. When the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber of the present invention does not contain any chlorine, the tensile stress of the crosslinked rubber may be at a practical level, but may slightly decrease, or the vulcanization rate may decrease. Therefore, the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber of the present invention desirably contains not less than 50 ppm of chlorine within the scope of the present invention.
[0009]
The nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber preferably contains 43 to 60% by weight of an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit, and has a conjugate copolymerizable with an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer. The diene monomer unit is preferably from 57 to 40% by weight. If the content of the α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit is too small, the oil resistance tends to be poor, while if it is too large, the cold resistance tends to be poor.
Such a nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber is obtained by copolymerizing an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer and a conjugated diene monomer. Examples of the α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, α-chloroacrylonitrile and the like, among which acrylonitrile is preferable.
[0010]
Examples of the conjugated diene monomer copolymerized with the α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, and 1,3-pentadiene. Among them, 1,3-butadiene is preferable.
[0011]
The nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention may contain units of other monomers copolymerizable with the above-mentioned monomers in addition to the above-mentioned monomer units. Other monomers include, for example, aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, etc .; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, fumaric acid Α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and anhydrides thereof, such as, fumaric anhydride and the like; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate Alkyl esters of α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as mono (di) ethyl maleate, mono (di) butyl maleate, mono (di) ethyl fumarate, mono (di) -2-ethylhexyl fumarate , Mono- (di) esters of α, β-unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as n-butyl itaconate; methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate; Alkoxyalkyl esters of α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as methoxypropyl acrylate and butoxyethyl (meth) acrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and the like; Such hydroxyalkyl esters of α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids; and the like, but are not limited thereto. The content of these monomer units in the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber is preferably 10% by weight or less.
[0012]
The nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber of the present invention comprises an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in an amount of 35 to 80% by weight, a conjugated diene monomer in an amount of 65 to 20% by weight, and the monomer used as required. The above-mentioned monomer copolymerizable with is emulsion-polymerized by a known emulsion polymerization method, and can be produced by the following method.
That is, an emulsion of a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber obtained by emulsion polymerization by the above method is mixed with an aqueous solution containing a coagulant to obtain an aqueous dispersion of crumb of the conjugated diene rubber, and a coagulant is contained from the aqueous dispersion. The crumb is recovered by separating and removing water. Next, the recovered crumb is mixed with water containing no coagulant, and the crumb is washed with water by separating and removing the water from the obtained mixture.
[0013]
When the emulsion contains an unreacted monomer, it is preferable to remove the unreacted monomer by subjecting the emulsion to steam distillation or the like under reduced pressure. Next, the emulsion is mixed with an aqueous solution containing a coagulant to generate crumbs of a conjugated diene rubber containing a nitrile group, thereby obtaining an aqueous dispersion of the crumbs. The mixing of the emulsion and the aqueous solution containing the coagulant is preferably performed by stirring and mixing.
When generating crumbs of conjugated diene rubber, by adjusting the temperature and stirring speed of water at the time of stirring to make it easier to remove the coagulant later, the particle size of crumbs becomes about 2 to 10 mm It is preferable to do so. For this purpose, it is preferable to adjust the temperature of water during stirring to 40 to 70 ° C. and to adjust the stirring speed to 10 to 30 m / s at the tip speed of the stirring blade. Furthermore, it is more preferable to use a turbulent turbine agitating blade for agitation because the amount of a coagulant used can be reduced. By employing these preferred methods to significantly reduce the chlorine-based coagulant remaining in the conjugated diene rubber, the chlorine content in the rubber can be reduced to 500 ppm or less.
[0014]
After stirring by the above method, the stirring is stopped, and water containing a coagulant is separated and removed from the obtained aqueous dispersion of crumb. Water containing coagulated water can be separated and removed from crumb by filtering the aqueous dispersion. Specifically, the aqueous dispersion is passed through a metal net and filtered, and the crumb is captured by the net.
The crumb from which the coagulant-containing water (serum water) has been removed is mixed with coagulant-free water, and the mixture is again filtered and centrifuged to remove the water, whereby the crumb is washed. The amount of residual coagulant in it decreases.
[0015]
The coagulant used in the above method is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a coagulant for rubber.In the method of the present invention, metal chlorides such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are used. Preferably, it is used. When these coagulants are used, the resulting nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber has excellent mechanical strength.
The concentration of the coagulant in the aqueous solution is 0.20 to 0.75% by weight, preferably 0.30 to 0.50% by weight.
When the nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber having a chlorine content of 500 ppm or less of the present invention is produced by using the above metal chloride as a coagulant, the above crumb is washed twice or more. That is,
An aqueous solution containing a metal chloride as a coagulant, comprising an emulsion of a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber composed of 35 to 80% by weight of α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units and 65 to 20% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units. To obtain an aqueous dispersion of crumb of the conjugated diene rubber, and the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber for recovering the crumb by separating and removing water containing the metal chloride from the aqueous dispersion,
Mixing the recovered crumb and water, separating and removing the water from the resulting mixture,
Is performed twice or more.
The metal chloride is used as a coagulant, and the above-mentioned washing (clam washing step) is carried out twice or more, whereby the solvent crack resistance and mechanical strength of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention are most improved.
[0016]
The nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention thus obtained can be compounded with compounding agents generally used in the rubber field, such as a reinforcing filler, an antioxidant, and a plasticizer. As these compounding agents, those generally used as rubber compounding agents can be used, and the compounding amount may be a general amount.
Further, the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention is used as various rubber parts by blending a usual amount of a crosslinking agent generally used as a rubber crosslinking agent and forming a crosslinked product by crosslinking. be able to.
[0017]
The crosslinked molded article of a conjugated diene rubber having a nitrile group of the present invention has excellent solvent cracking resistance due to a low residual chlorine concentration in the rubber, and reduces corrosion of a metal material used in combination with a molding apparatus. Further, the water resistance is also improved. For this reason, it is widely used in printing, spinning, papermaking, dyeing and steelmaking rolls; sealing materials such as oil seals, o-rings, diaphragms, gaskets, and packing; hose materials such as automotive oil hoses and fuel hoses. can do.
Among them, particularly, when used as a sealing material such as packing of a spray can or a gasket, cracking does not occur even when the dimethyl ether as a propellant is contacted for a long time, which is preferable.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In the following, parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
In Examples and Comparative Examples, the residual chlorine concentration in rubber, solvent crack resistance, metal corrosion resistance, water resistance, and tensile stress were measured as described below.
[0019]
About 20 to 30 g of a chlorine-containing rubber sample is stretched by a roll into a sheet, the sheet is cut into about 2 × 10 mm, and about 0.5 g is placed in a 200 mm beaker. To this, 70 ml of methyl ethyl ketone is added and stirred to completely dissolve the sheet. After the sheet is dissolved, 30 ml of isopropyl alcohol is added, and then methyl ethyl ketone is added to bring the total volume to 150 ml. To this solution is added 1 ml of a 2% sulfuric acid solution with a Komagome pipette. An N / 200 silver nitrate solution is added dropwise thereto, and the chlorine content is determined by potentiometric titration.
The titrator to be used is COMITE-101 made by Hiranuma or an equivalent, and the silver support electrode AG-68 / silver reference electrode AM-44.
[0020]
A sheet of the solvent-crack-resistant vulcanized rubber is cut into a size of 100 mm in length × 10 mm in width × 2 to 3 mm in thickness, and the sheet is punched out to form a sample. A 2 mm crack is cut into the sample by penetrating the sample with a crack cutting blade of a bending crack test. The cracked torn sheet is set in a holder at 40 ° C. and stretched 100% using calipers. This is immediately immersed in a beaker containing Fuel-D having a toluene / isooctane mixture ratio of 6/4. The time from when the sample is immersed in Fuel-D in a beaker until the crack grows and the sample breaks is measured. The longer this time, the better the solvent crack resistance.
[0021]
A test piece is prepared by press vulcanizing the metal corrosive rubber composition at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes, and the metal corrosivity is measured according to JIS B2401 corrosion and stickiness test.
A test piece is prepared by press-vulcanizing the water-resistant rubber composition at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes, a dipping test is performed according to JIS K6258, and the water resistance is measured by the volume change rate (unit:%). The smaller the volume change rate, the better the water resistance.
A test piece is prepared by press-vulcanizing the tensile stress rubber composition at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes, and the tensile stress is measured according to JIS K6301 (unit: kgf / cm 2 ). The larger the value, the better the mechanical properties.
[0022]
Example 1
Preparation of nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber A reaction vessel was charged with 200 parts of water, 65 parts of acrylonitrile and 35 parts of 1,3-butadiene, 2.5 parts of potassium oleate as an emulsifier, and t-dodecyl as a molecular weight regulator. 0.5 part of mercaptan and 0.3 part of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator were further charged, and after sufficient degassing, emulsion copolymerization was started at a temperature of 30 ° C. When the conversion of the polymer reached 70%, 0.3 parts of hydroxylamine sulfate was added to the reaction vessel as a polymerization terminator to terminate the polymerization. Next, the contents of the reaction vessel were heated to a temperature of 60 ° C., unreacted monomers were recovered by steam distillation under reduced pressure, and 1.5 parts of an antioxidant (alkylated phenol) was added. Was poured into an aqueous solution containing calcium chloride as a coagulant (concentration: 0.4%, temperature: 50 ° C.) to coagulate the polymer crumb. The mixing ratio between the latex and the aqueous solution of the coagulant was adjusted so that the concentration of the rubber component in the mixture was 10%.
Next, the aqueous dispersion of the polymer crumb was filtered using a metal net to remove the serum water, and the polymer crumb was recovered. Distilled water was added to the recovered polymer crumb, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred and washed with water. Then, an aqueous dispersion of the polymer crumb was filtered through a wire mesh to remove the serum water, and the polymer crumb was recovered. Further, distilled water was added again to the collected polymer crumb, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred and washed with water.The aqueous dispersion of the polymer crumb was filtered through a wire mesh to remove the serum water, and the polymer crumb was recovered. And dried under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. to obtain 65 parts of a conjugated diene rubber containing a nitrile group.
[0023]
With respect to the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber thus obtained, the chlorine content was determined in accordance with the measurement method described above. The results are listed in Table 1 below.
[0024]
Preparation of rubber composition Next, a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber was blended with the following compounding agent in accordance with the following compounding formula and kneaded, and a crosslinked product of the rubber composition was obtained. Metal corrosion, water resistance and tensile stress were determined. The results are listed in Table 1 below.
Formulation Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber 100 parts Zinc white 5 parts Stearic acid 1 part Sulfur 0.5 parts SRF Black 60 parts Dioctyl phthalate 5 parts Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide 1.5 parts N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide 1.5 parts
Example 2
In Example 1, a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the solidification was carried out at a stirring speed of 20 m / s using a radiation turbine agitating blade. The particle size of the coagulated polymer crumb was 6 mm. The chlorine content of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber thus obtained was determined.
[0026]
Further, a rubber composition was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1, and the crosslinked product was measured for solvent cracking resistance, metal corrosion resistance, water resistance and tensile stress according to the above-described measurement methods. These results are listed in Table 1 below.
[0027]
Reference Example 1
Except that aluminum sulfite was used in place of calcium chloride as a coagulant, the concentration of the aqueous solution was 3%, and the operation of adding distilled water to the polymer crumb and washing it only once was carried out. A nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The chlorine content of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber thus obtained was determined.
[0028]
Further, a rubber composition was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1, and the crosslinked product was measured for solvent cracking resistance, metal corrosion resistance, water resistance and tensile stress according to the above-described measurement methods. These results are listed in Table 1 below.
[0029]
Comparative Example 1
A nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water washing step was performed only once. The chlorine content of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber thus obtained was determined.
[0030]
Further, a rubber composition was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1, and the crosslinked product was measured for solvent cracking resistance, metal corrosion resistance, water resistance and tensile stress according to the above-described measurement methods. These results are listed in Table 1 below.
[0031]
[Table 1]
From the results shown in Table 1, the crosslinked product of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber having a chlorine content of 750 ppm is inferior in solvent cracking resistance and water resistance and has metal corrosion resistance (Comparative Example 1). On the other hand, a crosslinked product of a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber having a chlorine content of 500 ppm or less is excellent in solvent crack resistance and water resistance, has a sufficiently large tensile stress, and has no metal corrosion. Among them, those having a chlorine content of 50 ppm or more (Examples 1 and 2) are more excellent in tensile stress.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention has a low residual chlorine concentration and does not cause cracks in the crosslinked product even when used in an environment in which the crosslinked product is in contact with a solvent. Further, the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber of the present invention also improves properties of the crosslinked product such as metal corrosion resistance, water resistance, and tensile stress.
Claims (4)
回収されたクラムと水とを混合し、得られた混合物から前記水を分離除去する工程、
を２回以上実施することを特徴とするニトリル基含有共役ジエンゴムの製造方法。An aqueous solution containing a metal chloride as a coagulant, comprising an emulsion of a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber composed of 35 to 80% by weight of α, β-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units and 65 to 20% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units. To obtain an aqueous dispersion of crumb of the conjugated diene rubber, and the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber for recovering the crumb by separating and removing water containing the metal chloride from the aqueous dispersion,
Mixing the recovered crumb and water, separating and removing the water from the resulting mixture,
The method for producing a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber is carried out twice or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002311095A JP4782355B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber and process for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002311095A JP4782355B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber and process for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004143323A true JP2004143323A (en) | 2004-05-20 |
| JP4782355B2 JP4782355B2 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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| JP2002311095A Expired - Lifetime JP4782355B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Nitrile group-containing conjugated diene rubber and process for producing the same |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006328239A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of rubbery polymer |
| JP2010065225A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Method for removing residual mercaptan from nitrile rubber |
| JP2011511112A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2011-04-07 | ランクセス・ドイチュランド・ゲーエムベーハー | Nitrile rubber optionally containing an alkylthio end group and optionally hydrogenated |
| WO2021014789A1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-28 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Acrylic rubber sheet having excellent water resistance |
| WO2021014788A1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-28 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Acrylic rubber having excellent water resistance |
| JPWO2021014795A1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-28 | ||
| JPWO2021014790A1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-28 | ||
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| WO2021246517A1 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-09 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Acrylic rubber bale having excellent roll processability, banbury processability, water resistance, strength characteristics and compression set resistance characteristics |
| WO2021261213A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Acrylic rubber having excellent injection moldability and banbury processability |
| WO2021261216A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Acrylic rubber bale having excellent banbury processability and injection moldability |
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| JPH04106106A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-04-08 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Process and apparatus for coagulating aqueous polymer dispersion |
| JPH08100030A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Unsaturated nitrile/conjugated diene copolymer, its production, and vulcanizable rubber composition |
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| JP2011511112A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2011-04-07 | ランクセス・ドイチュランド・ゲーエムベーハー | Nitrile rubber optionally containing an alkylthio end group and optionally hydrogenated |
| JP2010065225A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Method for removing residual mercaptan from nitrile rubber |
| CN114080422A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2022-02-22 | 日本瑞翁株式会社 | Acrylic rubber sheet having excellent water resistance |
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