JP2004137133A - Porous composite material, its manufacture method, and capacitor using porous composite material, and its manufacture method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous composite material for manufacturing a capacitor having an electrical capacitance, and to provide a method for manufacturing thereof. <P>SOLUTION: The porous composite material is obtained by selectively coating a pore portion having the pore size of 0.8 nm or less of the porous material, for example, submicron pore 2 with a compound.Thus, the total electric capacitance is enlarged due to a false electric capacitance by a conductive polymer formed in the submicron pore 2 without damaging the electric capacitance with the larger pore size 1 than the submicron pore in which the conductive polymer is not formed by using a carbon material of the porous material having a pore and the conductive polymer of the compound as the porous composite material for the capacitor electrode. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００４１】
表１に示すように、実施例１〜３においては、ミクロ孔、メソ孔、マクロ孔というサブミクロ孔以外の細孔部分にはほとんど導電性高分子が被覆されず、サブミクロ孔に対して選択的に導電性高分子が被覆されているため、サブミクロ孔より大きい細孔部分に由来する電気容量を損なわずに、サブミクロ孔に被覆された導電性高分子に由来する擬似電気容量が付加されることによって、放電容量が多くなる。
【００４２】
一方、比較例１および比較例２においては、導電性高分子がサブミクロ孔に対してだけでなく、ミクロ孔、メソ孔をも被覆してしまうため、サブミクロ孔より大きい細孔に由来する電気容量を著しく損ない、放電容量が少なくなる。
【００４３】
今回開示された実施の形態および実施例はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記した説明でなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内のすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明のように、多孔質材料の細孔径０．８ｎｍ以下の細孔部分であるサブミクロ孔に対して導電性化合物を形成することによって、通常の電気容量に加えて導電性化合物による擬似電気容量を付加し、電気容量の向上を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】多孔質材料のサブミクロ孔に選択的に導電性化合物を形成した多孔質複合体表面の模式図である。
【図２】本発明にかかる多孔質複合体の製造方法の一実施形態を示す模式図である。
【図３】サブミクロ孔の被覆状況を示す多孔質複合体表面近傍の拡大模式図である。
【図４】多孔質複合体を用いて作製したキャパシタの一実施形態を示す概略図である。
【図５】多孔質材料の細孔に導電性化合物を形成した従来の多孔質複合体表面の模式図である。
【図６】多孔質材料表面の模式図である。
【符号の説明】
１　サブミクロ孔より大きい細孔、２　サブミクロ孔、３　形成された導電性高分子、４　導電性高分子のモノマー、５　導電性高分子のモノマーを溶解する溶媒、６　重合開始剤の気体または重合開始剤を含有する溶液、７　活性炭、８活性炭のサブミクロ孔、９　１，５−ジアミノアントラキノンポリマー、１１電極、１２　電極缶、１３　セパレータ、１４　電解液、１５　ガスケット。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a capacitor, particularly to a porous composite used as a material for an electric double layer capacitor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a porous composite in which a compound is selectively formed on pores having a certain diameter or less in a porous material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the recent miniaturization and high performance of electronic devices and the like, the development of small, lightweight, high-capacitance capacitors, secondary batteries, and the like as driving or auxiliary power supplies for electronic devices has been actively conducted.
[0003]
Among them, the electric double layer capacitor has attracted attention because it has better large current characteristics and cycle characteristics than lithium ion secondary batteries and nickel hydride secondary batteries. Is a problem.
[0004]
Therefore, recently, as an electrode material for an electric double layer capacitor, a material obtained by supporting or coating a metal oxide or a conductive polymer on a carbon material such as activated carbon, or by using a conductive polymer itself, (For example, refer to Patent Literature 1 for the former and Non Patent Literature 1 for the latter).
[0005]
However, it is difficult for a conductive polymer itself to have a large surface area, such as activated carbon, using a commonly used polymerization method, and there is a problem that it is difficult to secure electric capacity by the surface area. When the activated carbon is coated with a conductive polymer, as shown in FIG. 5, all the pores existing on the entire surface of the activated carbon are covered, and cavities are generated in the conductive polymer due to polymerization or the like by polymerization. In some cases, it has been difficult to improve the electric capacity.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-25868 A
[Non-patent document 1]
Katsuhiko Naoi, and two others, Electrochemistry of Poly (1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) and Its Application in Electrochemical Capacitor Materials, "Journal of The Electrochemical Society", The Electrochemical Society Inc. , 2000, 147 (2), p420-426.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a porous composite for producing a capacitor having a large electric capacity and a method for producing the same.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a porous composite according to the present invention is characterized in that a porous material having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less is coated with a compound. Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the porous material is a carbon material having pores and the compound is a conductive polymer.
[0010]
Here, FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the surface of the porous material. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the surface of a porous composite in which a conductive compound is selectively formed in submicropores of a porous material.
[0011]
The inventor of the present application has reported that the pores having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less, called submicropores 2, contained in activated carbon used as an electrode material for electric double layer capacitors are difficult to penetrate the electrolytic solution, and As shown in FIG. 1, by forming a conductive compound selectively with respect to the sub-micropores 2, the pseudo-capacitance due to the conductive compound and the sub-micropores are reduced. The present invention has been completed by effectively expressing the electric double layer capacity in the large pores 1 and improving the electric capacity of the entire capacitor.
[0012]
The method for producing a porous composite according to the present invention is characterized in that, when the specific pore diameter of the porous material is D0 and the pore diameter smaller than D0 is D1, (1) the pore portion having the pore diameter of D1 or more is It is preferable that the method includes a step of coating with a chemical substance, and a step of (2) removing a chemical substance covering a pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0. Further, when the compound is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a chemical substance, (1) a step of coating a pore portion having a pore diameter of D1 or more with a chemical substance, and (2) a pore diameter larger than D0. It is preferable that the method includes a step of removing the chemical substance covering the pore portion, and a step of (3) polymerizing the chemical substance to form a polymer.
[0013]
Further, a capacitor according to the present invention uses the above porous composite. Further, the method for producing a capacitor using the porous composite according to the present invention is the same as the solvent used in the step of removing the chemical substance covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0 in the production of the porous composite. Preferably, the solvent is used as an electrolytic solution for the capacitor in the production of the capacitor.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention is a porous composite, which is characterized in that a porous material having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less is coated with a compound. By forming such a composite, a new function can be added without changing the apparent volume of the porous material. For example, as described above, by forming a conductive compound in pores having a certain pore diameter or less in a carbon material for a capacitor, which is a porous material, pseudo-capacitance due to the conductive compound can be added to normal electric capacity. . The submicropores having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less are portions that do not act as an electric double layer capacity due to difficulty in infiltration of an electrolyte. By forming a compound in such portions, new functions can be provided without impairing the conventional functions. Is added. In addition, by forming a catalyst compound in pores having a certain pore diameter or less of the carbon material for adsorption, which is a porous material, a catalyst function by the catalyst compound can be added in addition to a normal adsorption function.
[0015]
Here, to cover the pores of the porous material with the compound means not only when all of the pores are filled with the compound, but also when the pores are covered like a lid or cross-linked. This includes the case where a part of the hole is filled.
[0016]
The porous material used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having pores.From the viewpoint of a material having a large surface area having the above-mentioned submicropores, it has pores such as activated carbon, acetylene black, and Ketjen black. It is preferably a carbon material.
[0017]
As the compound used in the present invention, various compounds can be used depending on the function to be added. However, from the viewpoint of improving the electric capacity of the porous material, a conductive compound, particularly a conductive polymer is preferable. Examples of the conductive compound include metal oxides such as titanium oxide, ruthenium oxide, vanadium oxide, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, and chromium oxide, and polydiamino as a conductive polymer. Anthraquinone, quinone polymers such as polybenzoquinone, quinoxaline polymers such as polyphenylquinoxaline, indole polymers such as polynitroindole, polyacetylene, poly-p-phenylene, poly-p-phenylenevinylene, polyacene, polypyrrole, Dopable conductive polymers such as polyfuran, polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyridinediyl, polyisothianaphthene, and polyalkylchenylene are given.
[0018]
Examples of the dopant for the conductive polymer include acceptor dopants such as halogens such as I ₂ and Cl ₂ , Lewis acids such as BF ₃ and SO ₃ , proton acids such as H ₂ SO ₄ and HCl, FeCl, TiCl _4. Transition metal compounds such as Cl ⁻ , PF ₆ ^{− and the} like, and anions such as alkali metals such as Li and Na as donor doping agents, alkaline earth metals such as Ca and Sr, and rare earth elements such as Eu. No.
[0019]
The method for producing a porous composite according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can form the above compound in pores having a specific pore diameter or less, but specific methods for producing a porous material are not particularly limited. When the pore size is D0 and the pore size smaller than D0 is D1, (1) the step of coating the pore portion having the pore size of D1 or more with a chemical substance, and (2) the pore portion having the pore size larger than D0 is covered. It is preferable that the method is a method for producing a porous composite, which comprises a step of removing a chemical substance. When the compound is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a chemical substance, when the specific pore diameter of the porous material is D0 and the pore diameter smaller than D0 is D1, (1) the pore diameter is D1. A step of coating the above-mentioned pores with a chemical substance, a step of (2) a step of removing the chemical substance covering the pores having a pore diameter larger than D0, and a step of (3) a step of polymerizing the chemical substances to form a polymer. Preferably, the method is a method for producing a porous composite, comprising: This is because such a production method allows a compound to be selectively formed with respect to pores having a specific pore diameter D0 or less.
[0020]
Here, the chemical substance refers to a substance that covers a target pore portion to form a compound. When the compound to be formed is a metal oxide, the compound refers to the metal oxide. When the compound to be formed is a conductive polymer, the compound refers to the monomer or oligomer having a low molecular weight.
[0021]
There is no particular limitation on the method of coating the pore portion having a pore diameter D1 or more smaller than the pore diameter D0 with a chemical substance as long as the method can cover the pore surface. It is preferable to carry out the adsorption by adsorbing the solution or by impregnating the surface of the pores with a solution in which the chemical substance is dissolved and then drying.
[0022]
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the method for producing a porous composite according to the present invention. First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the conductive polymer monomer 4 is vaporized and adsorbed on the entire surface of the porous material, or a solution in which the conductive polymer monomer 4 is dissolved is applied to the surface of the porous material. The whole of the submicropores 2 and the pores 1 larger than the submicropores are covered with the conductive polymer monomer 4 by being impregnated and dried.
[0023]
At this time, when a solution is used, the pore diameter that can be impregnated with the solution is represented by Washburn equation (1).
D = -4γ cos θ / P (1)
Here, D is the pore diameter, γ is the surface tension of the solution, θ is the contact angle between the porous material and the solution, and P is the pressure. Further, the numerical values of γ and θ are values specific to the substance, and it is necessary to perform the solution immersion under such a condition that D in the formula 1 becomes smaller than the specific pore diameter D0.
[0024]
Examples of the solvent for dissolving the monomer include water, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, γ-butyl lactone, γ-valerolactone, acetonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methyloxazolidinone, N, N-dimethylimidazolidinone, nitromethane, nitroethane, sulfolane, dimethylsulfoxide, trimethylphosphate, dimethylolcarbonate, ethylmethylcarbonate, 3-methylsulfolane Etc. can be selected.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a monomer of the conductive polymer covering a pore portion having a pore diameter larger than the specific pore diameter D0, for example, the pores 1 other than the sub-micropores is mixed with the conductive polymer. The polymer monomer is removed by contact with a solvent 5 that dissolves the polymer monomer. That is, in the formula (1), by adjusting the pressure P of the solvent, the monomer covering the pore portion having a specific pore size of D0 or less remains, and the pore portion having the pore size larger than D0 is covered. The above monomer is dissolved and removed. For this purpose, it is preferable that D in such a case be within the range of ± 30% of the specific pore diameter D0, that is, within the range of 0.7 × D0 to 1.3 × D0, and more preferably ± 5%. , That is, within the range of 0.95 × D0 to 1.05 × D0.
[0026]
Finally, as shown in FIG. 2C, the gas of the polymerization initiator or the solution 6 containing the polymerization initiator is brought into contact with the monomer 4 of the conductive polymer remaining in the submicron hole 2 to obtain the submicron. The conductive polymer 3 is formed in the hole 2. That is, the submicron pores (fine pores having a diameter smaller than the specific pore diameter D1) can be obtained by vaporizing the polymerization initiator and adsorbing the polymerization initiator in the pores, or by impregnating the pores with a solution in which the polymerization initiator is dissolved. The conductive polymer 3 is formed by polymerizing the conductive polymer monomer 4 covering the hole portion 2. Here, as the polymerization initiator, proton acids such as hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid, solid acids such as chromium oxide and iron oxide, Lewis acids such as boron fluoride and aluminum chloride, and halogens such as chlorine and iodine are used. Can be.
[0027]
In the above, the case where the compound covering the target pore portion is a conductive polymer has been described, but when the compound covering the pore portion does not require a polymerization step of a metal oxide or the like, The step corresponding to FIG. 2C is not required, and can be performed according to FIGS. 2A and 2B. In order to coat the target pore portion with the metal oxide, the solvent used for impregnation and removal of the metal oxide is not particularly limited as long as the solvent can dissolve the metal oxide. Although it can be selected from solvents, water is preferred from the viewpoint of solubility. From the viewpoint of further increasing the solubility of the metal oxide, it is also preferable to add an inorganic acid such as nitric acid and an organic acid such as acetic acid within a range that does not impair the adsorption characteristics of the surface of the porous material to be coated.
[0028]
When a capacitor is prepared using the porous composite prepared as described above, various conventional configurations and manufacturing methods can be selected according to the purpose and use of the capacitor. For example, a coin-type capacitor can be manufactured by attaching the produced porous composite to an electrode can, sandwiching both electrodes with a separator, filling the electrode can with an electrolytic solution, and sealing. In addition, a wound capacitor can be manufactured by attaching the produced porous composite to an electrode foil such as an aluminum foil, sandwiching two electrodes with a separator, and winding the separator. As the small capacitors, the former coin type is excellent, and as the large capacitors, the wound type is excellent.
[0029]
In the production process of such a capacitor, the solvent of the electrolytic solution constituting the capacitor was used in the production process of the porous composite to remove the compound covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than the specific pore diameter. It is preferable to use the same solvent as the solvent from the viewpoint that the removal solvent and the electrolytic solution reach the same pore size to improve the contact between the coating compound and the electrolytic solution.
[0030]
Examples of the solvent for the electrolytic solution of the capacitor include water, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, γ-butyl lactone, γ-valerolactone, acetonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methyloxazolidinone, N, N-dimethylimidazolidinone, nitromethane, nitroethane, sulfolane, dimethylsulfoxide, trimethylphosphate, dimethylolcarbonate, ethylmethylcarbonate, 3-methylsulfolane And the like are preferred.
[0031]
【Example】
The present invention will be described more specifically in the following examples. Porous composites were prepared according to the following Examples and Comparative Examples. The pores of each porous composite are classified into sub-micropores of 0.8 nm or less, micropores of 0.8 to 2 nm, mesopores of 2 to 50 nm, and macropores of 50 nm or more. The percentage of surface area for a given activated carbon was determined. The surface area (cm ² / g) of each of the micropores, mesopores, and macropores among the pores of the porous composite obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was measured by a nitrogen gas adsorption method (300 ° C., 1.33 × 10 ^{−). 1} Pa, BET three-point adsorption method under 3 hours conditions) (Submicropores cannot be measured due to mechanical precision), and the percentages when the surface area of each pore of activated carbon before compound coating is 100% are shown in Table 1. It was shown to. The unit mass in the surface area was converted to the mass of the activated carbon before coating the compound in the porous composite.
[0032]
In addition, the surface state of each porous composite was measured using a transmission electron microscope, and the covering state of the submicropores in each of the seed examples or the comparative examples was examined. FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the vicinity of the porous composite surface. And the degree of coating is shown in Table 1 as a percentage.
[0033]
Further, a capacitor as shown in FIG. 4 was produced using the porous composite obtained in each of the examples or comparative examples. A tablet having a mass of 0.05 g, a diameter of 1 cm, and a thickness of 1 mm was prepared by kneading a mixture obtained by kneading the porous composite and a binder composed of 10% by mass of polytetrafluoroethylene with respect to the mass of the porous composite, This was used as electrode 11. As the separator 13, a porous polypropylene film having a diameter of 1 cm and a thickness of 50 μm was used. As the electrolytic solution 14, a propylene carbonate solution in which 1M tetraethylammonium borofluoride was dissolved was used. The electrode 11 was attached to an electrode can 12 made of stainless steel, a separator 13 was sandwiched between the two electrodes 11, an electrolytic solution 14 was filled inside the electrode can 12, and sealed through a gasket 15 made of polypropylene. The discharge capacity (mAh / g) of the coin-type capacitor thus manufactured was measured and is shown in Table 1. Here, the mass g in the unit of the discharge capacity indicates the mass of the electrode.
[0034]
(Example 1)
1 g of 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone monomer was heated to 350 ° C. and vaporized to cover the entire surface of 1 g of activated carbon (KP-191 manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). Next, using propylene carbonate, the above-mentioned monomer covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than 0.8 nm was dissolved and removed. Subsequently, iodine, which is a polymerization initiator, is vaporized at 100 ° C. and 1 × 10 ⁻³ Pa, and is brought into contact with a monomer remaining in the pores to polymerize the monomer, as shown in FIG. A porous composite was obtained in which the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 was coated on the submicropores (pores having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less) 8 of activated carbon. The mass ratio of the activated carbon 7 to the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 in the composite was 98.1: 1.9.
[0035]
(Example 2)
1 g of 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone monomer was heated to 350 ° C. and vaporized to cover the entire surface of 1 g of activated carbon (KP-191 manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). Next, using propylene carbonate, the above-mentioned monomer covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than 0.8 nm was dissolved and removed. Subsequently, 10 g of activated carbon coated with the monomer was added to 100 cm ^{3 of} a dimethylformamide solution in which 1.1 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved as a polymerization initiator, and the sub-micropores (pore diameter 0) of the activated carbon as shown in FIG. A porous composite was obtained in which 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 was coated on (pore portion having a diameter of 0.8 nm or less) 8. The mass ratio of the activated carbon 7 and the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 in this composite was 97.4: 2.6.
[0036]
(Example 3)
Dissolving 1 g of 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone monomer in 100 cm ³ of dimethylformamide, adding 1 g of activated carbon (KP-191 manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) to a solution heated to 40 ° C., impregnating the activated carbon with the monomer, and drying. The whole surface of the activated carbon was coated with the monomer. Next, using propylene carbonate, the above-mentioned monomer covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than 0.8 nm was dissolved and removed. Subsequently, 10 g of activated carbon coated with the monomer was added to 100 cm ^{3 of} a dimethylformamide solution in which 1.1 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved as a polymerization initiator, and the sub-micropores (pore diameter 0) of the activated carbon as shown in FIG. A porous composite was obtained in which 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 was coated on (pore portion having a diameter of 0.8 nm or less) 8. The mass ratio of the activated carbon 7 and the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 in this composite was 98.0: 2.0.
[0037]
(Comparative Example 1)
1 g of activated carbon (KP-191, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was added to a solution of 1 g of 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone monomer dissolved in 90 cm ³ of dimethylformamide at room temperature and dispersed, and then ammonium persulfate, a polymerization initiator, was added. A solution of 1 g in 10 cm ³ of dimethylformamide was added dropwise to obtain a complex of activated carbon 7 and 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 as shown in FIG. The mass ratio of the activated carbon 7 and the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 in this composite was 98.0: 2.0.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 2)
In the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, in order to improve the mass ratio of 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer, 1.5 g of a monomer (monomer concentration: 0.015 g / cm ³ ) and 1.7 g of a polymerization initiator (polymerization) As the initiator concentration: 0.017 g / cm ³ ), a complex as shown in FIG. 3 (e) was prepared. The mass ratio of activated carbon 7 and 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer 9 in this composite was 40:60.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 3)
A control test was performed on the activated carbon 7 before being coated with the 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer as shown in FIG.
[0040]
[Table 1]

[0041]
As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, pores other than sub-micropores such as micropores, mesopores, and macropores were hardly coated with the conductive polymer, and were selectively applied to the submicropores. Since the conductive polymer is coated on the sub-micropore, the pseudo-capacitance derived from the conductive polymer coated on the sub-micropore is added without impairing the capacity derived from the pore portion larger than the sub-micropore. This increases the discharge capacity.
[0042]
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since the conductive polymer covers not only the sub-micropores but also the micropores and mesopores, the capacitance derived from the pores larger than the submicropores And the discharge capacity is reduced.
[0043]
The embodiments and examples disclosed this time are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, as described in the present invention, by forming a conductive compound on submicropores which are pore portions having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less of a porous material, the conductivity is increased in addition to the normal electric capacity. The pseudo electric capacity of the compound can be added to improve the electric capacity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a porous composite surface in which a conductive compound is selectively formed in submicropores of a porous material.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a method for producing a porous composite according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the vicinity of the surface of a porous composite showing the covering state of sub-micropores.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a capacitor manufactured using a porous composite.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the surface of a conventional porous composite in which a conductive compound is formed in pores of a porous material.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the surface of a porous material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pores larger than submicropores, 2 submicropores, 3 formed conductive polymer, 4 conductive polymer monomer, 5 solvent for dissolving conductive polymer monomer, 6 polymerization initiator gas or polymerization initiation Solution containing the agent, 7 activated carbon, 8 activated carbon submicropores, 9 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone polymer, 11 electrodes, 12 electrode cans, 13 separators, 14 electrolytes, 15 gaskets.

Claims (11)

A porous composite, wherein a compound is coated on a pore portion of a porous material having a pore diameter of 0.8 nm or less. The porous composite according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is a carbon material having pores. 3. The porous composite according to claim 1, wherein the compound is a conductive polymer. When the specific pore diameter of the porous material is D0 and the pore diameter smaller than D0 is D1,
(1) a step of coating a pore portion having a pore diameter of D1 or more with a chemical substance;
(2) A method for producing a porous composite, comprising a step of removing a chemical substance covering a pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0. When the compound is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a chemical substance, and a specific pore diameter of the porous material is D0, and a pore diameter smaller than D0 is D1,
(1) a step of coating a pore portion having a pore diameter of D1 or more with a chemical substance;
(2) a step of removing a chemical substance covering a pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0 (3) a method of producing a porous composite, comprising a step of polymerizing a chemical substance to form a polymer . The step of coating the pore portion having a pore diameter of D1 or more with a chemical substance is performed by vaporizing and adsorbing the chemical substance, or by impregnating a solution in which the chemical substance is dissolved and then drying it. A method for producing a porous composite according to claim 4 or claim 5. In the case where the step of coating a pore portion having a pore diameter of D1 or more with a chemical substance is performed by impregnating with a solution in which the chemical substance is dissolved and then drying, the surface tension of the solution is set to γ, When the contact angle is θ and the pressure of the solution is P, D1 is
D1 ≧ -4γcosθ / P
The method for producing a porous composite according to claim 6, wherein: The step of removing the chemical substance covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0 is performed with a solution using a solvent required to dissolve the chemical substance,
The surface tension of the solution is γ, the contact angle between the porous material and the solution is θ, and the pressure of the solution is P,
When D2 = -4γcosθ / P, D2 is
0.7 × D0 ≦ D2 ≦ 1.3 × D0
The method for producing a porous composite according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein: The step of polymerizing a chemical substance to form a polymer is performed by causing a polymerization reaction by vaporizing and adsorbing a polymerization initiator, or by causing a polymerization reaction by impregnating a solution in which the polymerization initiator is dissolved. The method for producing a porous composite according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: A capacitor using the porous composite according to claim 1. The same solvent as the solvent used in the step of removing the chemical substance covering the pore portion having a pore diameter larger than D0 according to any one of claims 4, 5 and 8 in the production of the porous composite is used. A method for producing a capacitor using a porous composite, wherein the method is used as an electrolytic solution for a capacitor in the production of a capacitor.

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