JP2004131953A

JP2004131953A - Open-close device for sliding door

Info

Publication number: JP2004131953A
Application number: JP2002294975A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Toshiharu Sasaki; 佐々木　俊治
Original assignee: Isokawa Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Isokawa Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-10-08
Filing date: 2002-10-08
Publication date: 2004-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-08
Also published as: JP3668472B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an open-close device for a sliding door, by which a door body can be closed flatly, which has an excellent appearance and by which the left half and right half of a housing section can be fully opened respectively by sliding and moving the door body in the horizontal direction and a housed article can be taken in and out easily. <P>SOLUTION: A pair of the door bodies 7 and 8 are arranged in the horizontal direction to the opening sections 6 of a pair of upper-lower frames 1 disposed in parallel up and down so that mutual abutting end faces 10 can be abutted. Rail members 16 and 17 in which front rails 12 and 13 and rear rails 14 and 15 are arranged in parallel are supported pivotally on the same shaft in the left-right both-end directions of a pair of the upper-lower frames 1, and travelling bodies 26 and 27 connected at both ends of a pair of the door bodies 7 and 8 are engaged slidably with the rail members 16 and 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、家屋や家具に左右方向に二枚のドア本体を配置し、この二枚のドア本体を左右方向にスライド移動させる事で開閉動作が可能なスライドドアの開閉装置に係るもので、上記二枚のドア本体の段差の無い平面的な閉鎖を可能とし、美観を向上させるとともに、収納部の右半分又は左半分を各々全開可能とし、収納部や収納物の明確な目視を可能とする事で、効率的な収納を可能とするものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
【特許文献１】実開昭５９−１２０２６４号公報
【特許文献２】特開昭６０−１０９４７６号公報
【特許文献３】特開昭５９−１４１６７９号公報
【特許文献４】特開昭６０−１４４４８０号公報
【特許文献５】特開昭６０−１７５６８２号公報
【特許文献６】特開昭６０−１７５６８３号公報
【特許文献７】特開昭６０−１８４１７８号公報
【特許文献８】特開平１−２２０６８号公報
【特許文献９】特許登録３０８０３４８号公報
【特許文献１０】特許登録３０８０３４９号公報
【特許文献１１】特開２００２−２２７５０７号公報
【０００３】
従来、家屋に取り付けて壁面収納を設けるためのドアや家具に取り付けるドアは、ドア本体を前方に回転させて開閉する開き戸タイプ、ドア本体を折り曲げる折り戸タイプ、複数枚のドア本体を互い違いに配置した引き戸タイプ、複数のドア本体の左右の端面を互いに突き合わせて平面的な配置を可能とした面一引き戸タイプのもの等が存在した。前記開き戸や折り戸では、収納部を全開する事が可能で収納が行い易いが、開放時にドア本体が前面に突出したり、ドア本体の前方に開閉のための空間を設ける必要があり、車庫や廊下等の狭い場所での使用には不向きであるし、車椅子の使用者等では開閉作業が行いにくい。また、引き戸タイプでは開閉のための広い空間を必要とする事がないし車椅子での開閉作業も行い易いが、壁面に段差を生じて美観を損ねるし、左右のドア本体が重なる長さ分、収納部の左右各々の空間を全開する事はできず、収納物の目視や出し入れが行いにくく、収納部全体を有効に利用する事ができなかった。
【０００４】
そこで、前記特許文献１〜１１に示す如く、ドア本体の平面的な閉鎖が可能で美観に優れるとともに開閉スペースを必要としない面一引き戸タイプのものも使用されている。これらの従来技術は、開放目的のドア本体を左右方向に移動させ、他のドア本体又は壁面に平行に配置するものである。そして、特許文献１の従来考案及び特許文献２の従来発明では、両端に短尺な傾斜部を設けたレール部材を設置し、このレール部材に沿って、開放目的のドア本体の走行体を走行させる事により、開放側のドア本体を斜め前方方向に平行移動させる事で、該開放側ドア本体を閉鎖側のドア本体の前面に配置し、収納部の左右何れか半分を全開する事が可能であった。
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
【０００５】
しかしながら、上記特許文献１、２の従来技術では、開放側のドア本体が斜め前方に平行移動する際の妨げにならない様に、互いの突合せ端面をテーパー状に加工する必要があり、製作が面倒であるし、美観を損なうものであった。
【０００６】
また、特許文献３〜６の従来発明では、レール部材に前後方向に移動可能な切換部を設け、この切換部にドア本体の走行体を係合している。そして、ドア本体の開放時には、該ドア本体を左右側の端部を支点として手前方向に回転させる事により、走行体を係合した切換部が走行体とともに前方に移動する。この移動により、開放側のドア本体の突合せ端面側が手前方向に突出するので、開放側のドア本体を、閉鎖側のドア本体に何ら突き当てる事無く、スライド移動させる事ができる。そのため、、特許文献１、２の従来技術の如く、両ドア本体の突合せ端面をテーパー状に面取りする必要がなく、製作が容易で美観も良好であった。
【０００７】
しかしながら、上記特許文献３〜６の従来発明では、開放側ドア本体が手前方向に円弧状に回転するのに対し、該ドア本体の走行体を係合した切換部は、案内部内を前後方向に直線的に移動するものである。従って、この切換部には走行体を介して回転方向への強い剪断力が作用し、切換部の円滑な移動ができなくなったり、走行体の脱輪や、レール、切換部、案内部等の部品の摩耗等を生じる可能性が高かった。また、切換部、その他の小さな部品が多くて部品の管理も面倒であるし、工場等でレール本体や切換部を予め組み立てるものではなく、設置現場で各々の部品を組み付ける必要があるし、走行体と切換部の位置合わせ等も厳密に行う必要があり、設置作業が容易ではなかった。
【０００８】
また、前記特許文献７の従来発明では、両端に傾斜部を設けた二本のレールを、一直線上に配置するとともに中央で傾斜部を交差させ、この交差部に回転可能に可動レールを配置している。この可動レールの切り換えにより、開放側ドア本体の走行体が走行する側のレール部材の直線部と傾斜部とを接続させている。しかし、この従来発明の場合も、可動レールや、その切り換えのためのカム、ばね部材等の多くの部品を使用し、構成も複雑で微調整が必要であるため、組み付け性やメンテナンス性に問題があった。
【０００９】
また、特許文献８〜１１の従来発明の如く、ドア本体にリンクを接続して、一方のドア本体をリンクを介して前方に移動し、他方のドア本体を一方のドア本体の内側に収納してドア本体の開閉動作を行うものも存在するが、これらの従来技術も、互いの突合せ端面をテーパー状に面取りする必要があり、製作上や外観上の問題があった。
【００１０】
本発明は上述の如き課題を解決するため、家屋や家具に左右方向に一対配置したドア本体を、大きな開閉スペースを使用する事無く、左右方向にスライド移動させる事で開閉が可能であるとともに、一対のドア本体の平面的な閉鎖が可能なスライドドアの開閉装置を得ようとするものである。また、このドア本体の平面的な閉鎖により、収納部を設けた壁面や家具の美観を向上させる。また、左右方向へのドア本体のスライド動作を、お年寄りや車椅子の使用者等でも容易に行う事を可能とする。また、ドアの開放時には、収納部の右半分又は左半分をそれぞれ全開可能とし、収納部内の目視を明確に行い、収納物の効率的な収納を可能とするとともに、縦長の収納物でも収納や出し入れが容易なものとする。また、収納棚、抽斗、収納ラック等の設置及びこれらの引き出しも容易に行う事を可能とする。また、ドア本体の回動及びスライド移動時の、各部品への負荷を軽減して、円滑な開閉動作を可能とするとともに製品の耐久性を向上させるものである。
【００１１】
尚、本明細書中にて家屋とは、一般住宅、車庫、店舗、オフィス、施設、工場等を示し、これらの家屋の室内、玄関、屋外等の取付壁面に、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置を取り付けて、段差の無い平面的な壁面収納を可能とする。また、家具とは、食器棚、本棚、サイドボード、物置、各種キャビネット、その他の収納部を有するものを示し、これらに本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置を取り付ける事により、家具の美観を高めるとともに、収納物の容易な出し入れと、効率的な収納を可能とするものである。また、上下枠は、家屋や家具とは別個に製作し、該家屋の天井板、床板や土間、家具の天板、底板等に取り付けるものであっても良いし、前記家屋の天井板、床板、土間や、家具の天板、底板等を、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置用の上下枠として使用するものであっても良い。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上述の如き課題を解決するため、家屋又は家具に固定する一対の上下枠を上下に平行に配置し、この上下枠の開口部の左右方向に一対のドア本体を端面を突き合わせ可能に配置し、該一対のドア本体の両側に接続した走行体を摺動可能に係合するとともに前方レールと後方レールを平行に配置したレール部材を、一対の上下枠の左右両端方向で同軸上に軸支し、一対のドア本体の閉鎖時は、各レール部材の前方レールと後方レールを各々同軸上に配置し、一対のドア本体の走行体を後方レールの軸支部方向に位置させ、一方又は他方のドア本体の開放時には、開放側ドア本体の突合せ端面側を手前方向に引く事により、開放側ドア本体のレール部材を開放側ドア本体とともに軸支部を支点として手前方向に回動させ、開放側ドア本体の後方レールと閉鎖側ドア本体の前方レールとを突当て接続し、この接続した後方レールと前方レールに沿って開放側ドア本体の走行体を走行させる事により、開放側ドア本体を閉鎖側ドア本体の前面に平行に配置可能として成るものである。
【００１３】
また、レール部材は、一対の上下枠の開口部側の外面に固定可能な基板に予め組み付け可能としても良い。
【００１４】
また、レール部材は、位置決め手段として、ドア本体の閉鎖時に後方レール側の側面を当接させるレール安定板と、ドア本体の開放時に該レール部材の前方レール側の先端を突当て接触させるレール位置出し板とを設けるとともに、レール部材とレール安定板とを、固定ばねを介して回動可能に連結し、この固定ばねのばね力により、ドア本体の閉鎖時はレール部材のレール安定板への当接状態を維持可能とし、ドア本体の開放時は、該固定ばねのばね力に抗してレール部材を回動させてレール位置出し板に突当て接触させるとともに、上死点を越えた固定ばねのばね力により、このレール部材のレール位置出し板へ突当て接触状態を維持可能としても良い。
【００１５】
【作用】
本発明は、上述の如く構成したものであるから、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置を、一般住宅、車庫、店舗、オフィス、施設、工場等の家屋の室内外の取付壁面に直に取り付けて使用する事が可能であり、段差の無い平面的な外観とする事ができ、目立たず美観に優れた壁面収納が可能となる。また、食器棚、本棚、サイドボード、物置、キャビネット等の家具用として使用する事もでき、家具の美観を向上させる事が可能であるとともに左右のドア本体の平面的な配置が可能であるから、収納部の収納容積を減らす事無く家具の肉薄化が可能となるし、開閉のための広いスペースも必要とせず、狭い場所への設置も可能となる。また、家屋及び家具の何れに於いても、収納部の左半分及び右半分の空間が全開可能となり、収納物の効率的な収納及び出し入れが可能となるとともに、長尺な収納物であっても出し入れや保管が容易となる。
【００１６】
上記スライドドアの開閉装置の操作方法を説明する。まず、一対のドア本体の閉鎖状態では、各ドア本体を係合する一対のレール部材が左右軸方向に平行に配置され、一対のドア本体の走行体は、各レール部材の後方レールに配置されている。この配置により、開口部の中央部側で、一対のドア本体が互いの突合せ端面を突き合わせて同一平面上に配置され、左右一対のドア本体の平面的な閉鎖が可能となっている。また、この平面的な配置が可能となる事により、家屋に取り付けて、壁面収納を行う場合でも、家具に取り付けた場合でも、ドア本体が外観的に目立たず美観に優れたものとなる。
【００１７】
そして、ドア本体を開放する際は、ドア開閉作業者が開放側ドア本体の突合せ端面側を、取手等により手前方向に引くと、走行体を介して開放側ドア本体を係合した開放側のレール部材が、軸支部を支点として開放側ドア本体とともに手前方向に回動する。この回動により開放側のレール部材が傾斜し、該開放側のレール部材の後方レールと、閉鎖側ドア本体を係合するレール部材の前方レールとが突当て接続されるとともに、開放側ドア本体の突合せ端面側が手前方向に突出する。この突出状態で、作業者が開放側ドア本体を閉鎖側ドア本体方向に移動させると、開放側ドア本体の走行体が開放側のレール部材の後方レールを走行した後、閉鎖側のレール部材の前方レールに沿って走行するので、閉鎖側ドア本体の前面に開放側ドア本体を平行に配置する事ができる。
【００１８】
このように、左右何れかの開放側ドア本体を閉鎖側ドア本体と平行に配置する事により、収納部の左半分又は右半分を上下方向に確実に全開する事ができ、その全面に柱等の突出物が何ら配置される事がなく、収納部内の左半分又は右半分を容易に見渡す事が可能となり、必要な収納物を迅速に見つけ出す事ができる。また、縦長の収納物であっても、容易な出し入れが可能となる。
【００１９】
また、収納部内に、つり棚や抽斗、前後移動するラック等を設けて、収納部の更なる有効な使用も可能であるし、上部又は下部ドアの解放時には、前方に障害物が何ら配置されないので、前記抽斗やラック等を容易に引き出す事ができる。また、開放側ドア本体の突合せ端面を手前方向に突出させた後、開放側ドア本体を移動させて、閉鎖側ドア本体に当接する事がないので、互いの突合せ端面をテーパー状に形成する必要がなく、ドア本体の美観が向上する。
【００２０】
次に、前記開放状態の開放側ドア本体を閉鎖する場合は、開放時とは逆に閉鎖側の前方レール及び開放側の後方レールに順次沿って、開放側ドア本体の走行体を走行させながら、開放側ドア本体を元の閉鎖位置まで移動する。また、この移動状態では、まだ開放側ドア本体が手前方向に傾斜しているので、開放側ドア本体の突合せ端面側を、収納部方向に押圧すると、開放側ドア本体とともに開放側のレール部材が収納部方向に回動した後、左右軸方向に平行に配置され、開放側ドア本体の平面的な閉鎖が可能となる。
【００２１】
本発明は上述の如く作用し、従来技術の直線部と短尺で傾斜が急な傾斜部とを設けた製品に比べ、本発明では長尺なレール部材全体を傾斜させるので、傾斜角度がなだらかである。そのため、走行体の脱輪等の不具合も生じにくいし、走行体とレール部材との係合部に大きな剪断力が掛かる事も無く、走行体の円滑な走行が可能となり、その結果、左右一対のドア本体の容易な開閉動作が可能となるとともに、部品の摩耗や変形の防止効果が高まり、開閉装置の耐久性を向上させる事ができる。
【００２２】
また、ドア本体の開閉動作時に、大きな開閉スペースを必要とせず、ドア本体を手前方向に引いた際の突出距離分の開閉スペースのみで事足りるから、駐車場や廊下等の狭い空間への取り付けも可能となるとともに、お年寄りや車椅子使用者等でもドア本体の開閉動作を容易に行う事ができる。
【００２３】
また、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置は、上下枠、一対のドア本体、レール部材等から成る簡易な構造であり、高度な微調整等を必要とする事が無く容易な組み付けが可能で、低コストな製品を得る事ができる。
【００２４】
また、構造が簡易で部品点数も少ないから、製品の設置現場で各部品の組み付けを行っても、容易な作業が可能である。しかし、レール部材は、一対の上下枠の開口部側の外面に固定可能な基板に予め組み付け可能に形成しても良い。そして、工場等で予め基板に部品を組み付け、この基板を上下枠に固定しておけば、設置現場では、上下枠を家屋や家具に接続固定し、レール部材に上部ドアと下部ドアを係合するだけで設置作業が完了する。従って、スライドドアの開閉装置の設置の作業効率が向上するとともに、設置現場への製品運搬時等の部品の紛失や失念も防止可能となる。また、前記レール部材を設けた基板を、家屋の天井板や床板、家具の既存の天板や底板等に直に取り付けて使用する事もでき、本発明用に上下枠を別個に形成する必要がなく、低コストで汎用性に優れた製品を得る事ができる。
【００２５】
また、レール部材は、位置決め手段として、上部ドア又は下部ドアの閉鎖時に後方レール側の側面を当接させるレール安定板と、上部ドア又は下部ドアの開放時に該レール部材の前方レール側の先端を突当て接触させるレール位置出し板とを設け、レール部材とレール安定板とを、固定ばねを介して回動可能に連結しても良い。そして、固定ばねのばね力により、上部ドア又は下部ドアの閉鎖時はレール部材のレール安定板への当接状態を維持可能とする事で、多少の振動や衝撃等ではレール部材が不用意に回動する事はない。そして、左側又は右側のドア本体の開放時は、該固定ばねのばね力に抗してレール部材を回動して、レール位置出し板に突当て接触させ、上死点を越えた固定ばねのばね力により、このレール部材のレール位置出し板へ突当て接触状態を維持可能とする事で、レール部材がレール安定板方向に不用意に復元回動する事がなく、開放側ドア本体の安定した開放動作が可能となるとともに、開放状態を保った際も、レール部材が復元回動する事がなく、その後のドア本体の閉鎖動作も、円滑に行う事が可能となる。
【００２６】
【実施例】
以下、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置を一般住宅、車庫、店舗、オフィス、施設、工場、その他の家屋の取付壁面に取り付けて、壁面収納を設けた一実施例を図面に於いて詳細に説明する。図１は、一対のドア本体の閉鎖時の上面図で、図２は左側のドア本体の開放のため、左側のドア本体を手前方向に引いて一方のレール本体を軸支部を介して傾斜させた状態の上面図、図３は左側のドア本体を右側にスライド移動させ、収納部の左半分を全開した状態を示す上面図である。また、図４は図１に於けるレール部材の中央部側の拡大斜視図で、左右一対のレール部材が左右方向の同軸上に配置された状態を示し、図５は図２に於けるレール部材の中央部側の拡大斜視図で、一方のレール部材の回動により、一方の後方レールと他方の前記レールとが突当て接続された状態を示す。また、図６は図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図で、走行体が後方レールに位置した状態を示し、図７は図３のＢ−Ｂ線拡大断面図で、一方のドア本体と他方のドア本体との積層時の走行体の位置関係を示す。また、図８は図１の全体斜視図である。
【００２７】
まず、本実施例のスライドドアの開閉装置の構成を説明すると、（１）は上下に配置する一対の上下枠で、家屋の取付壁面（２）に設けた設置空間（３２）の天井板（３）側と床面（２９）側に、図６、図７に示す如く、後述のレール部材（１６）（１７）や連結体（２４）（２５）等の取付間隔（３０）を介して各々設置している。また、前記設置空間（３２）には、図６、図７に示す如く、一対の上下枠（１）とは垂直に、背面壁（９）と一対の両側壁（４）を配設し、この背面壁（９）、一対の両側壁（４）及び前記一対の上下枠（１）とで囲繞された空間を収納部（５）としている。そして、この収納部（５）の開口部（６）側に、左右方向に移動可能に一対のドア本体（７）（８）を配置し、左側の一方のドア本体（７）の右端面と右側の他方のドア本体（８）の左端面を、互いに突き合わせ可能な突合せ端面（１０）としている。この互いの突合せ端面（１０）を開口部（６）の中央部で互いに突き合わせる事により、一対のドア本体（７）（８）を、互いの段差が無くかつ取付壁面（２）と同一平面上に配置可能としている。
【００２８】
そして、上記上下枠（１）は、外表面側に一対の基板（１１）を螺子等で固定し、各基板（１１）に、図１〜図３に示す如く、一対のレール部材（１６）（１７）を、左右両端方向で軸支部（１８）（１９）により軸支して、同軸上に配置している。この一対のレール部材（１６）（１７）は、断面コ字形とし前方レール（１２）（１３）と後方レール（１４）（１５）を各々平行に突設するとともに、各軸支部（１８）（１９）を支点に手前方向に回動可能とし、上部ドア（７）と下部ドア（８）の閉鎖時は、同一直線上に配置され、互いの前方レール（１２）（１３）及び後方レール（１４）（１５）とが各々突当て接続している。一方、ドア本体（７）（８）の開放時には、軸支部（１８）（１９）を介して一方又は他方のレール部材（１６）（１７）が手前方向に回動し、該一方又は他方の後方レール（１４）（１５）と他方又は一方の前方レール（１３）（１２）とが突当て接続可能となっている。また、上記レール部材（１６）（１７）の回動時は、開放側のドア本体（７）（８）の突合せ端面（１０）が、閉鎖側のドア本体（７）（８）の外表面よりも手前方向に突出するような寸法で形成している。
【００２９】
また、レール部材（１６）（１７）は、回動時の位置決め手段（３１）として、ドア本体（７）（８）の閉鎖時に、後方レール（１４）（１５）側の側面を当接可能なレール安定板（２１）を、基板（１１）の中央部に固定し、このレール安定板（２１）に当接する事で、レール部材（１６）（１７）を左右軸方向に平行に配置可能としている。更に、レール安定板（２１）に、レール部材（１６）（１７）の回動間隔を介してレール位置出し板（２０）を設け、ドア本体（７）（８）の開放時に、開放側のレール部材（１６）（１７）が回動して前記レール位置出し板（２０）に突当て接触する事で、開放側の後方レール（１４）（１５）と閉鎖側の前方レール（１３）（１２）との確実な位置決めと接続とを可能としている。
【００３０】
更に、各レール部材（１６）（１７）には、図４、図５に示す如く、クランク状の支持板（２２）を固定し、各支持板（２２）に、トーションばね等の固定ばね（２３）の一端を接続し、固定ばね（２３）の他端を前記レール安定板（２１）に接続する事により、各支持板（２２）とレール安定板（２１）とを、固定ばね（２３）を介して回動可能に連結している。この固定ばね（２３）のばね力により、レール部材（１６）（１７）は、図４に示す如く、ドア本体（７）（８）の閉鎖時はレール安定板（２１）への当接位置に係合され、振動や衝撃等の多少の負荷では回動する事はなく、左右軸方向への平行な配置が保たれている。
【００３１】
また、ドア開閉作業者による回動力が作用した場合のみ、固定ばね（２３）のばね力に抗してレール部材（１６）（１７）が作業者方向の手前方向に回動し、レール位置出し板（２０）に突当て接触するとともに、固定ばね（２３）のばね力が再び作用して、図５に示す如く、この回動先にてレール部材（１６）（１７）が安定的に固定される。従って、次に人手による戻し力が加わるまでは、レール部材（１６）（１７）が不用意に元位置に復元回動する事はなく安全性が向上する。また、固定ばね（２３）の上死点を越えた際の手応えが伝わる事で、作業者はレール部材（１６）（１７）の切り換え動作の完了が明確に判断でき、優れた操作性も得られる。
【００３２】
そして、レール部材（１６）（１７）に、前記一対のドア本体（７）（８）を摺動可能に係合している。この一対のドア本体（７）（８）は、図１〜図３、図６〜図８に示す如く、左右端部側の上下に、側面Ｌ字型の連結体（２４）（２５）を一対ずつ接続し、この連結体（２４）（２５）に、ローラー等から成る走行体（２６）（２７）を左右方向に一対ずつ接続し、各走行体（２６）（２７）を、上下枠（１）に配置したレール部材（１６）（１７）の後方レール（１４）（１５）に係合している。また、上記連結体（２４）（２５）を介したドア本体（７）（８）と走行体（２６）（２７）との間隔は、各ドア（７）（８）の肉厚よりも大きいものとし、開放側のドア本体（７）（８）の前記間隔内に閉鎖側のドア本体（８）（７）を積層配置できるようにしている。
【００３３】
また、ドア本体（７）（８）の外表面には、図８に示す如く、突合せ端面（１０）側に取手（２８）を凹設し、後述の如く、ドア本体（７）（８）の手前方向への回動及び左右方向へのスライド移動を作業者が行い易い構造としている。
【００３４】
また、ドア本体（７）（８）は、使用目的や設置場所の環境、デザイン性、コスト等に応じて、表面仕上げを木質系、金属系、樹脂系の何れとしても良いが、寝室や居間、その他の室内に取り付ける場合等は、取付壁面（２）の壁紙と同一のものをドア本体（７）（８）に貼着する事で、取付壁面（２）との同一感が高まり、目立たず美観に優れた壁面収納が可能となる。
【００３５】
また、レール部材（１６）（１７）は、軸支部（１８）（１９）側に、ドア本体（７）（８）のスライド移動時に、連結体（２４）（２５）の端部を突き当て可能なストッパー（図示せず）を設ければ、左右方向での一対のドア本体（７）（８）のレール部材（１６）（１７）からの離脱が防止可能となるし、耐衝撃性も向上する。
【００３６】
上述の如く構成したスライドドアの開閉装置に於いて、一対のドア本体（７）（８）の閉鎖時は、図１に示す如く、レール部材（１６）（１７）は互いに左右方向の同軸上に配置され、各ドア本体（７）（８）の走行体（２６）（２７）は、各々後方レール（１４）（１５）の左右の軸支部（１８）（１９）寄りに位置し、一対のドア本体（７）（８）が開口部（６）の中央部に於いて突合せ端面（１０）を互いに突き合わせて、取付壁面（２）と同一平面上に配置されている。従って、一対のドア本体（７）（８）は、段差が何ら生じる事の無い平面的な閉鎖が可能で、目立たず美観に優れたものとなる。
【００３７】
そして、例えば左側の一方のドア本体（７）を開放する際は、作業者は取手（２８）を保持してドア本体（７）を作業者方向である手前方向に引く動作を行うと、該ドア本体（７）を係合した一方のレール部材（１６）が、図２、図５に示す如く、固定ばね（２３）のばね力に抗して軸支部（１８）を支点に手前方向に回動する。このレール部材（１６）の回動により、一方のレール部材（１６）の後方レール（１４）と、他方のレール部材（１７）の前方レール（１３）とが突当て接続するとともに、一方のドア本体（７）の突合せ端面（１０）側が、閉鎖側である他方のドア本体（８）の外表面よりも手前方向に突出する。
【００３８】
この突出状態で、作業者が一方のドア本体（７）を右方向にスライド移動させると、該ドア本体（７）の走行体（２６）が左側の後方レール（１４）を走行した後、右側の前方レール（１３）を走行する事で、開放側の一方のドア本体（７）が閉鎖側の他方のドア本体（８）に突き当たる事の無い、円滑なスライド移動が可能となり、図３に示す如く、他方のドア本体（８）の前面に一方のドア本体（７）を平行に配置させる事ができる。
【００３９】
上記操作により、図３に示す如く、収納部（５）の左半分を上下方向にほぼ全開する事ができ、収納部（５）内及び収納物の目視を明確かつ迅速に行う事ができる。また、正面に何ら障害物がないから、縦長の収納物であっても容易に出し入れ作業を行う事ができる。また、収納部（５）に任意のサイズの吊り棚や抽斗、前後移動するラック等を設置する事も可能となり、収納部（５）の有効な活用と整理整頓が可能となるし、抽斗やラックの出し入れも何ら支障なく円滑に行う事が可能となる。また、ドア本体（７）を手前方向に回動させた際の突出距離分の開閉スペースで事足りるので、開閉動作に場所を取らず、駐車場や廊下等の狭い空間への取り付けも可能となるとともに、手前方向に大きく移動する必要が無く、お年寄りや車椅子使用者等でも、最小限の移動距離で容易な操作が可能となる。
【００４０】
次に、ドア本体（７）を閉鎖する場合は、開放時とは逆の手順で、ドア本体（７）の取手（２８）を保持して、元位置方向である左方向にドア本体（７）をスライド移動させると、該ドア本体（７）の走行体（２６）が他方の前方レール（１３）を通過後、一方の後方レール（１４）を走行し、ドア本体（７）が開口部（６）の左端に到達する。
【００４１】
また、ドア本体（７）を左端まで移動させただけでは、図２に示す如く、ドア本体（７）は突合せ端面（１０）側が手前方向に突出し傾斜している。そのため、作業者がドア本体（７）の突合せ端面（１０）側を収納部（５）方向に押圧すると、ドア本体（７）とともに上部側のレール部材（１６）が回動し、図４に示す如く左右軸方向に平行に配置されるので、図１に示す如く、ドア本体（７）が平面的に閉鎖されるものとなる。
【００４２】
また、他方のドア本体（８）を開放するには、前記一方のドア本体（７）と同様に、ドア本体（８）の取手（２８）を手前方向に引いて、ドア本体（８）とともに他方のレール部材（１７）を軸支部（１９）を支点として手前方向に回動させる。この回動により、他方のレール部材（１７）の後方レール（１５）と、一方のレール部材（１６）の前方レール（１２）とが連続するので、他方のドア本体（８）を左方向にスライド移動させる事により、他方の後方レール（１５）と一方の前方レール（１２）とに沿ってドア本体（８）の走行体（２７）が走行し、該ドア本体（８）を一方の上部ドア（７）の前面に配置させる事ができる。この操作により、収納部（５）の右半分を全開可能となり、収納部（５）の目視が容易で、効率的な収納が可能である。
【００４３】
次に、他方ドア本体（８）を閉鎖する際は、取手（２８）を保持して他方ドア本体（８）を元位置方向である右方向にスライド移動させると、該ドア本体（８）の走行体（２７）が一方の前方レール（１２）、他方の後方レール（１５）に沿って走行し、他方のドア本体（８）を開口部（６）の右端に容易に移動させる事ができる。そして、他方のドア本体（８）の突合せ端面（１０）側を収納部（５）方向に押圧する事により、他方のレール部材（１７）が回動して左右軸方向に平行に配置されるので、他方のドア本体（８）を平面的に閉鎖する事ができる。
【００４４】
以上より、従来技術では、開放側のドア本体を手前方向に引き出してレール部材の切り換え作業を行う際に、切換部に強い剪断力が掛かって円滑な回動ができなくなったり、脱輪や部品の摩耗等を生じる可能性があったが、本発明では、開放側の一方又は他方のドア本体（７）（８）とともに長尺なレール部材（１６）（１７）全体が軸支部（１８）（１９）を支点として回動するので、回動時に各種部材に強い剪断力が掛かる事がないし、回動後のレール部材（１６）（１７）の傾斜もなだらかで、走行体（２６）（２７）の脱輪を生じにくく円滑な走行が可能となるとともに、レール部材（１６）（１７）や走行体（２６）（２７）等に強い剪断力が作用する事は無く、各部品の摩耗も防いで装置の耐久性も向上するものとなる。
【００４５】
また、上記実施例では、ドア本体（７）（８）の外表面を凹設して取手（２８）を設けているが、他の異なる実施例として、ドア本体（７）（８）の外表面と面一に埋設され、使用時のみ外部に突出して手指で保持する事ができるような取手（２８）とすれば、ドア本体（７）（８）の開閉動作に支障が無いものとなる。
【００４６】
また、上記第１実施例では、上下枠（１）の外側面に、レール部材（１６）（１７）を設けているが、他の異なる実施例として、上下枠（１）の内面に、レール部材（１６）（１７）を設けても良い。また、一対の上下枠（１）を本発明用に別個に設けずに、家屋の天井や床面（２９）、土間等に直にレール部材（１６）（１７）を設け、該レール部材（１６）（１７）に左右のドア本体（７）（８）を係合するものであっても良い。
【００４７】
また、本発明のスライドドアの開閉装置は、主に上下枠（１）とレール部材（１６）（１７）及びドア本体（７）（８）等から成る簡易な構造なので、室内のみならず、玄関土間や駐車場、その他屋外等にも取り付ける事ができる。また、家屋の取付壁面（２）に、スライドドアの開閉装置を一セットのみ設けても良いが、横方向に複数セットのスライドドアの開閉装置を設置する事も可能で、より効率的な壁面収納が可能となるとともに、全てのスライドドアの平面的な閉鎖により、家屋の取付壁面（２）との一体感が出て目立たず、美観にも優れたものとする事ができる。
【００４８】
また、第１実施例では、家屋の取付壁面（２）に本発明を設置しているが、他の異なる実施例として、食器棚、本棚、サイドボード、物置、その他の各種キャビネット等、家具用のスライドドアの開閉装置として使用する事ができ、外表面に段差が無く美観に優れた肉薄な製品を得る事ができる、ドア開閉のための広いスペースも必要ないので、狭い場所への家具の設置が可能となる。また、収納物の目視も容易で出し入れの作業性が向上し、更に収納部の有効活用が可能となる。
【００４９】
また、第１実施例では、一対のドア本体（７）（８）の走行体（２６）（２７）を係合するレール部材（１６）（１７）を、断面コ字形に成形して、突起状の前方レール（１２）（１３）と後方レール（１４）（１５）を設けているが、他の異なる実施例として、レール部材（１６）（１７）を凹設して、凹溝状の前方レール（１２）（１３）と後方レール（１４）（１５）としても良い。
【００５０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上述の如く構成したものであるから、設置場所を限定する事なく、ドア本体を左右方向にスライド移動させる事で、収納部の左半分又は右半分を各々全開可能なスライドドアの開閉装置を得る事ができる。また、収納部の左半分又は右半分を各々全開できる事により、収納部内の目視を迅速かつ容易に行え、長尺の収納物であっても、目的の収納物の出し入れ作業を効率的に行う事ができる。また、ドア本体の開閉動作の際に、従来の開き戸や折り戸の如く、広い開閉スペースを必要とする事なく、ドア本体の突合せ端面側の突出距離分のスペースのみで事足りるので、狭い場所への設置も可能となるし、お年寄りや車椅子使用者等でも容易な操作が可能となる。また、ドア本体の開放時には、開放側ドア本体を係合した長尺なレール部材全体が、該ドア本体とともに回動するので、レール部材と走行体の係合部分に強い剪断力が作用する事が無く、走行体の脱輪や部品の摩耗等が生じにくく、開放側ドア本体の円滑なスライド移動が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す上面図。
【図２】左側の一方のドア本体の開放のため、一方のドア本体とともに一方のレール部材を軸支部を支点に手前方向に回動させた状態を示す上面図。
【図３】一方のドア本体の開放状態を示す側面図。
【図４】図１のレール部材の中央部側の拡大斜視図。
【図５】図２のレール部材の中央部側の拡大斜視図。
【図６】図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図。
【図７】図３のＢ−Ｂ線断面図。
【図８】図１の全体斜視図。
【符号の説明】
１　上下枠
６　開口部
７　ドア本体
８　ドア本体
１０　突合せ端面
１１　基板
１２　前方レール
１３　前方レール
１４　後方レール
１５　　後方レール
１６　レール部材
１７　レール部材
１８　軸支部
１９　軸支部
２０　レール位置出し板
２１　レール安定板
２３　固定ばね
２６　走行体
２７　走行体
３１　位置決め手段[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an opening and closing device for a sliding door capable of opening and closing by arranging two door bodies in a house or furniture in the left-right direction and sliding the two door bodies in the left-right direction. The two door bodies can be closed flat without any step, improving the aesthetic appearance, and enabling the right half or left half of the storage part to be fully open, enabling clear visualization of the storage part and storage items. By doing so, efficient storage is enabled.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 59-120264
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-60-109476
[Patent Document 3] JP-A-59-141679
[Patent Document 4] JP-A-60-144480
[Patent Document 5] JP-A-60-175682
[Patent Document 6] JP-A-60-175683
[Patent Document 7] JP-A-60-184178
[Patent Document 8] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-2068
[Patent Document 9] Japanese Patent No. 3080348
[Patent Document 10] Japanese Patent No. 3080349
[Patent Document 11] JP-A-2002-227507
[0003]
Conventionally, doors to be installed on a house to provide wall storage and doors to be installed on furniture are a swing door type that opens and closes by rotating the door body forward, a folding door type that bends the door body, and multiple door bodies are alternately arranged There are a sliding door type and a flat sliding door type in which left and right end faces of a plurality of door bodies are abutted with each other to enable a planar arrangement. In the case of the hinged door or folding door, the storage portion can be fully opened and storage can be easily performed.However, when the door is opened, the door main body protrudes to the front, and it is necessary to provide a space for opening and closing in front of the door main body. It is unsuitable for use in narrow places such as corridors, and it is difficult for users in wheelchairs to open and close. In addition, the sliding door type does not require a large space for opening and closing, and it is easy to open and close with a wheelchair, but it creates a step on the wall surface and impairs aesthetic appearance, and the length of the left and right door bodies overlaps The spaces on the left and right sides of the unit could not be fully opened, and it was difficult to visually check and put in and out the stored items, and the entire storage unit could not be used effectively.
[0004]
Therefore, as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 to 11, a flush door type that can close the door body two-dimensionally, is excellent in aesthetic appearance, and does not require an opening and closing space is also used. In these prior arts, a door body to be opened is moved in the left-right direction and is arranged in parallel with another door body or a wall surface. According to the conventional invention of Patent Document 1 and the conventional invention of Patent Document 2, a rail member having short inclined portions provided at both ends is installed, and the traveling body of the door body for opening is run along the rail member. By moving the open-side door body in the obliquely forward direction in parallel, the open-side door body can be arranged in front of the closed-side door body, and either the left or right half of the storage unit can be fully opened. there were.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0005]
However, in the prior arts of Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to machine the butted end surfaces of each other into a tapered shape so as not to hinder the opening side door body from moving obliquely forward. And it was detrimental to aesthetics.
[0006]
Further, in the conventional inventions of Patent Documents 3 to 6, the rail member is provided with a switching portion movable in the front-rear direction, and the traveling body of the door body is engaged with the switching portion. When the door body is opened, the switching unit engaged with the traveling body moves forward together with the traveling body by rotating the door body forward with the left and right ends as fulcrums. By this movement, the abutting end face side of the open door body protrudes forward, so that the open door body can be slid and moved without hitting the closed door body at all. Therefore, unlike the prior arts of Patent Literatures 1 and 2, there is no need to chamfer the abutting end surfaces of both door bodies in a tapered shape, and the manufacture is easy and the appearance is good.
[0007]
However, in the conventional inventions of Patent Documents 3 to 6, the opening-side door main body rotates in a circular arc shape in the front direction, whereas the switching unit engaged with the traveling body of the door main body moves in the guide portion in the front-rear direction. It moves linearly. Therefore, a strong shearing force in the rotation direction acts on the switching unit via the traveling body, and the switching unit cannot move smoothly, or the traveling body cannot be derailed or the rails, the switching unit, the guide unit, etc. There was a high possibility that parts would be worn. Also, there are many switching parts and other small parts, so it is troublesome to manage the parts, and it is necessary to assemble each part at the installation site instead of assembling the rail body and the switching part in advance at the factory etc. It was necessary to strictly adjust the position of the body and the switching section, and the installation work was not easy.
[0008]
Further, in the conventional invention of Patent Document 7, two rails provided with inclined portions at both ends are arranged on a straight line, and the inclined portions intersect at the center, and a movable rail is rotatably arranged at the intersection. ing. The switching of the movable rail connects the linear portion and the inclined portion of the rail member on the side on which the traveling body of the open door body travels. However, even in the case of this conventional invention, many parts such as a movable rail, a cam for switching the movable rail and a spring member are used, and the configuration is complicated and fine adjustment is required. was there.
[0009]
Further, as in the prior arts of Patent Documents 8 to 11, a link is connected to a door body, one door body is moved forward via the link, and the other door body is housed inside one door body. There are also doors that open and close the door body. However, these prior arts also need to chamfer the abutting end surfaces of each other in a tapered shape, and have problems in manufacturing and appearance.
[0010]
The present invention solves the problems as described above, and can be opened and closed by sliding the door body arranged in a pair in a house or furniture in the left and right direction without using a large opening and closing space, An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding door opening / closing device capable of two-dimensionally closing a pair of door bodies. In addition, the planar closure of the door body improves the aesthetics of the wall surface and furniture provided with the storage section. In addition, the sliding operation of the door body in the left-right direction can be easily performed by an elderly person, a wheelchair user, and the like. In addition, when the door is opened, the right half or left half of the storage section can be fully opened, and the inside of the storage section can be clearly seen to enable efficient storage of stored items. It should be easy to put in and out. Also, it is possible to easily install and draw out storage shelves, drawers, storage racks, and the like. Further, the load on each part when the door body rotates and slides is reduced, enabling smooth opening and closing operations and improving the durability of the product.
[0011]
In this specification, a house indicates a general house, a garage, a store, an office, a facility, a factory, and the like, and the sliding door of the present invention is opened and closed on mounting walls such as indoors, entrances, and outdoors of these houses. By mounting the device, it is possible to store a flat wall without steps. Furniture refers to those having a cupboard, bookcase, sideboard, storeroom, various cabinets, and other storage sections. By attaching the sliding door opening and closing device of the present invention to these, the beauty of the furniture is enhanced. This enables easy storage and removal of stored items and efficient storage. Further, the upper and lower frames may be manufactured separately from the house or the furniture, and may be attached to a ceiling plate, a floor plate or a slab of the house, a top plate or a bottom plate of the furniture, or the ceiling plate or the floor plate of the house. , A floor, a bottom plate of furniture, etc. may be used as the upper and lower frames for the sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the problems as described above, the present invention arranges a pair of upper and lower frames fixed to a house or furniture vertically in parallel, and can abut a pair of door bodies in the left and right direction of the opening of the upper and lower frames. And a rail member having a front rail and a rear rail arranged in parallel while slidably engaging a traveling body connected to both sides of the pair of door bodies, and coaxially coaxially with left and right ends of the pair of upper and lower frames. When the pair of door bodies are closed, the front rail and the rear rail of each rail member are arranged coaxially, and the traveling body of the pair of door bodies is positioned in the direction of the rear rail supporting part. Or, at the time of opening the other door body, by pulling the butting end surface side of the opening side door body toward the front, the rail member of the opening side door body and the opening side door body are pivoted forward with the pivot portion as a fulcrum, Open door book The rear door of the door body is butt-connected to the front rail of the closed door body, and the traveling body of the open door body is caused to travel along the connected rear rail and front rail, so that the open door body is closed. It can be arranged parallel to the front surface of the main body.
[0013]
Further, the rail member may be pre-assembled on a substrate that can be fixed to the outer surfaces of the pair of upper and lower frames on the opening side.
[0014]
Further, the rail member has a rail stabilizing plate as a positioning means, which abuts a side surface on a rear rail side when the door body is closed, and a rail position which abuts and contacts a front rail side end of the rail member when the door body is opened. In addition to providing an extension plate, the rail member and the rail stabilizing plate are rotatably connected via a fixed spring, and the spring force of the fixed spring causes the rail member to move to the rail stabilizing plate when the door body is closed. The contact state can be maintained, and when the door body is opened, the rail member is rotated against the spring force of the fixing spring to make contact with the rail positioning plate and to be fixed beyond the top dead center. The spring force of the spring may make it possible to maintain the state in which the rail member comes into contact with the rail positioning plate.
[0015]
[Action]
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention is directly mounted on indoor and outdoor mounting walls of houses such as ordinary houses, garages, stores, offices, facilities, factories and the like. It can be used, can have a flat appearance with no steps, and can be stored in a wall that is inconspicuous and has an excellent appearance. In addition, it can be used for furniture such as cupboards, bookshelves, sideboards, shelves, cabinets, etc., and it is possible to improve the beauty of the furniture and to arrange the left and right door bodies in a plane. In addition, the thickness of the furniture can be reduced without reducing the storage volume of the storage section, and a large space for opening and closing is not required, and the furniture can be installed in a narrow place. Further, in any of the house and the furniture, the left half and the right half of the storage section can be fully opened, and the storage and storage of the storage can be efficiently performed. It also makes it easy to put in and out and store.
[0016]
An operation method of the opening / closing device for the slide door will be described. First, in the closed state of the pair of door bodies, a pair of rail members that engage with each door body are arranged in parallel in the left-right axis direction, and the traveling body of the pair of door bodies is arranged on the rear rail of each rail member. ing. With this arrangement, the pair of door bodies are arranged on the same plane at the center of the opening with their butting end faces abutting each other, and the pair of left and right door bodies can be closed in a planar manner. In addition, since this planar arrangement is possible, the door main body is inconspicuous in appearance, and is excellent in aesthetic appearance, even when it is mounted on a house to store a wall surface or when it is mounted on furniture.
[0017]
Then, when opening the door body, when the door opening / closing operator pulls the butting end surface side of the opening side door body toward the front side with a handle or the like, the opening side of the opening side engaged with the opening side door body via the traveling body. The rail member pivots forward with the opening-side door body about the pivot portion as a fulcrum. With this rotation, the open-side rail member is inclined, and the rear rail of the open-side rail member and the front rail of the rail member that engages the closed-side door body are abutted and connected. Butt end face side projects forward. In this protruding state, when the operator moves the opening side door body toward the closing side door body, the running body of the opening side door body travels on the rear rail of the opening side rail member, and then the closing side rail member. Since the vehicle runs along the front rail, the open door body can be arranged in parallel with the front surface of the closed door body.
[0018]
In this manner, by disposing either the left or right open side door body in parallel with the closed side door body, the left half or the right half of the storage unit can be completely opened in the vertical direction, and columns, No protrusion is arranged at all, and the left half or the right half in the storage section can be easily overlooked, and necessary storage can be quickly found. Moreover, even if it is a vertically long storage thing, easy putting in and out is attained.
[0019]
In addition, a hanging shelf, a drawer, a rack that moves back and forth, and the like are provided in the storage unit, so that the storage unit can be used more effectively. When the upper or lower door is opened, no obstacle is disposed in front of the storage unit. Therefore, the drawer, the rack, and the like can be easily pulled out. Further, after the butt end face of the open side door body is protruded in the forward direction, the open side door body is moved and does not come into contact with the closed side door body, so it is necessary to form the butt end faces of each other in a tapered shape. And the appearance of the door body is improved.
[0020]
Next, when closing the open-side door body in the open state, the traveling body of the open-side door body travels along the front rail on the closed side and the rear rail on the open side sequentially in reverse to the opening. Then, move the open side door body to the original closed position. Also, in this moving state, since the opening side door body is still inclined in the front direction, when the butting end face side of the opening side door body is pressed toward the storage section, the opening side rail member is moved together with the opening side door body. After pivoting in the direction of the storage section, they are arranged in parallel in the left-right axis direction, so that the open-side door body can be closed two-dimensionally.
[0021]
The present invention operates as described above, and the present invention inclines the entire long rail member in comparison with a conventional product having a straight portion and a short and steeply inclined portion, so that the inclination angle is gentle. is there. As a result, troubles such as derailing of the traveling body are less likely to occur, and a large shearing force is not applied to the engaging portion between the traveling body and the rail member, so that the traveling body can smoothly travel, and as a result, the left and right pair The opening / closing operation of the door body can be easily performed, and the effect of preventing wear and deformation of parts can be enhanced, and the durability of the opening / closing device can be improved.
[0022]
Also, when opening and closing the door body, there is no need for a large opening and closing space, and only the opening and closing space for the protruding distance when the door body is pulled forward is sufficient, so it can be installed in narrow spaces such as parking lots and corridors. This enables the elderly and wheelchair users to easily open and close the door body.
[0023]
The sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention has a simple structure including upper and lower frames, a pair of door bodies, rail members, and the like, and can be easily assembled without requiring advanced fine adjustment. A low-cost product can be obtained.
[0024]
Further, since the structure is simple and the number of parts is small, even if the parts are assembled at the product installation site, easy work is possible. However, the rail member may be formed in advance so that it can be assembled to a substrate that can be fixed to the outer surfaces of the pair of upper and lower frames on the opening side. Then, if parts are assembled on the board in advance at a factory or the like and this board is fixed to the upper and lower frames, at the installation site, the upper and lower frames are connected and fixed to houses and furniture, and the upper door and lower door are engaged with the rail member Installation work is completed only by doing. Therefore, the work efficiency of installing the slide door opening / closing device is improved, and it is also possible to prevent parts from being lost or forgotten when the product is transported to the installation site. In addition, the board provided with the rail member can be used by directly attaching it to a ceiling board or a floor board of a house, an existing top board or a bottom board of furniture, and the upper and lower frames need to be formed separately for the present invention. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a low-cost and highly versatile product.
[0025]
Further, the rail member, as positioning means, a rail stabilizer plate that abuts the side surface on the rear rail side when the upper door or the lower door is closed, and the front rail side end of the rail member when the upper door or the lower door is opened. A rail positioning plate for abutting contact may be provided, and the rail member and the rail stabilizing plate may be rotatably connected via a fixed spring. And, by the spring force of the fixed spring, the rail member can maintain the contact state of the rail member with the rail stabilizing plate when the upper door or the lower door is closed. It does not rotate. When the left or right door body is opened, the rail member is rotated against the spring force of the fixed spring to abut against the rail positioning plate to make contact with the rail positioning plate. By the spring force, it is possible to maintain the contact state of this rail member against the rail positioning plate, so that the rail member does not inadvertently rotate in the direction of the rail stabilizing plate, and the opening side door body is stabilized. In addition to the above-described opening operation, even when the open state is maintained, the rail member does not return and rotate, and the subsequent closing operation of the door body can be performed smoothly.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention is attached to a mounting wall of a general house, a garage, a store, an office, a facility, a factory, and other houses to provide wall storage will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. I do. FIG. 1 is a top view of a pair of door bodies when the door body is closed. FIG. 2 shows that the left door body is opened by pulling the left door body toward the front and tilting one of the rail bodies via the shaft support part. FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state where the left door body is slid to the right and the left half of the storage unit is fully opened. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the central portion of the rail member in FIG. 1, showing a state in which a pair of left and right rail members are coaxially arranged in the left-right direction. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the rail in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the center portion of the member, showing a state in which one rear rail and the other rail are abutted and connected by rotation of one rail member. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 and shows a state where the traveling body is located on the rear rail. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4 shows the positional relationship of the traveling body when the vehicle and the door body are stacked. FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view of FIG.
[0027]
First, the configuration of the slide door opening / closing device of the present embodiment will be described. (1) is a pair of upper and lower frames arranged vertically, and a ceiling plate (32) of an installation space (32) provided on a mounting wall (2) of a house. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, between the 3) side and the floor surface (29) side, via a mounting interval (30) of rail members (16) and (17) and connecting bodies (24) and (25), which will be described later. Each is installed. In the installation space (32), a back wall (9) and a pair of side walls (4) are disposed perpendicular to the pair of upper and lower frames (1) as shown in FIGS. The space surrounded by the back wall (9), the pair of side walls (4), and the pair of upper and lower frames (1) is a storage section (5). A pair of door bodies (7) and (8) are disposed on the opening (6) side of the storage section (5) so as to be movable in the left-right direction. The left end face of the other door body (8) on the right side is a butt end face (10) that can butt against each other. By abutting the abutting end surfaces (10) of each other at the center of the opening (6), the pair of door bodies (7) and (8) have no step and are flush with the mounting wall surface (2). It can be placed on top.
[0028]
The upper and lower frames (1) have a pair of substrates (11) fixed on the outer surface side with screws or the like, and each of the substrates (11) has a pair of rail members (16) as shown in FIGS. (17) is axially supported by the shaft supporting portions (18) and (19) in both left and right directions, and is arranged coaxially. The pair of rail members (16) and (17) have a U-shaped cross section, and front rails (12) and (13) and rear rails (14) and (15) are projected in parallel with each other, and each of the shaft support portions (18) ( 19) can be pivoted forward with the fulcrum as a fulcrum. When the upper door (7) and the lower door (8) are closed, they are arranged on the same straight line, and the front rails (12) (13) and the rear rail ( 14) and (15) are butt-connected. On the other hand, when the door bodies (7) and (8) are opened, one or the other rail member (16) or (17) pivots forward through the shaft support portions (18) or (19), and the one or the other rail member is rotated. The rear rails (14) (15) and the other or one of the front rails (13) (12) can be abutted and connected. When the rail members (16) and (17) rotate, the butted end faces (10) of the open door bodies (7) and (8) are connected to the outer surfaces of the closed door bodies (7) and (8). It is formed so as to protrude more frontward than before.
[0029]
In addition, the rail members (16) and (17) can be used as positioning means (31) for rotation when the door bodies (7) and (8) are closed, and the side surfaces of the rear rails (14) and (15) can be abutted. The rail members (16) and (17) can be arranged in parallel in the left-right axis direction by fixing a simple rail stabilizing plate (21) to the center of the substrate (11) and abutting against this rail stabilizing plate (21). And Furthermore, a rail positioning plate (20) is provided on the rail stabilizing plate (21) through the rotation interval of the rail members (16) and (17), and when the door bodies (7) and (8) are opened, the open side of the door is opened. When the rail members (16) and (17) rotate and come into contact with the rail positioning plate (20), the open rear rails (14) and (15) and the closed front rail (13) ( 12) can be reliably positioned and connected.
[0030]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a crank-shaped support plate (22) is fixed to each rail member (16) (17), and a fixed spring (such as a torsion spring) is fixed to each support plate (22). By connecting one end of the fixed spring (23) and the other end of the fixed spring (23) to the rail stabilizing plate (21), each support plate (22) and the rail stabilizing plate (21) are connected to the fixed spring (23). ) Is connected rotatably. As shown in FIG. 4, when the door bodies (7) and (8) are closed, the rail members (16) and (17) are brought into contact with the rail stabilizing plate (21) by the spring force of the fixed spring (23). , And does not rotate under a slight load such as vibration or impact, and the parallel arrangement in the left-right axis direction is maintained.
[0031]
Also, only when a turning force by the door opening / closing operator is applied, the rail members (16) and (17) rotate forward in the direction of the operator against the spring force of the fixed spring (23), thereby positioning the rail. As a result, the rail members (16) and (17) are stably fixed at the rotation destination as shown in FIG. Is done. Accordingly, the rail members (16) and (17) do not inadvertently return to their original positions until a manual return force is applied, and safety is improved. In addition, since the response when the fixed spring (23) exceeds the top dead center is transmitted, the operator can clearly judge the completion of the switching operation of the rail members (16) and (17), and excellent operability is obtained. Can be
[0032]
The pair of door bodies (7) and (8) are slidably engaged with the rail members (16) and (17). As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 6 to 8, the pair of door bodies (7) and (8) have side L-shaped coupling bodies (24) and (25) at the left and right ends. A pair of connecting members (24) and (25) are connected to a pair of traveling bodies (26) and (27) formed of rollers and the like in the left-right direction, and the respective traveling bodies (26) and (27) are connected to upper and lower frames. It engages with the rear rails (14) and (15) of the rail members (16) and (17) arranged in (1). The distance between the door bodies (7) and (8) and the traveling bodies (26) and (27) via the connecting bodies (24) and (25) is larger than the thickness of each door (7) and (8). The closed door bodies (8) and (7) can be arranged in a stack within the gap between the open door bodies (7) and (8).
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 8, a handle (28) is provided on the outer surface of the door bodies (7) and (8) on the side of the butt end face (10), so that the door bodies (7) and (8) will be described later. Is configured to be easy for an operator to turn in the front direction and slide in the left and right directions.
[0034]
The surface finish of the door body (7) (8) may be wood, metal, or resin depending on the purpose of use, environment of the installation location, design, cost, etc. In other cases, such as when installing in a room, the same wallpaper as the mounting wall (2) is stuck to the door body (7) (8) to enhance the sense of identity with the mounting wall (2) and stand out. Wall storage with excellent aesthetics is possible.
[0035]
Also, the rail members (16) and (17) abut the ends of the connectors (24) and (25) against the pivots (18) and (19) when the door bodies (7) and (8) slide. If a possible stopper (not shown) is provided, it is possible to prevent the pair of door bodies (7) (8) from being detached from the rail members (16) (17) in the left-right direction, and also to provide impact resistance. improves.
[0036]
In the sliding door opening / closing device configured as described above, when the pair of door bodies (7) and (8) are closed, as shown in FIG. 1, the rail members (16) and (17) are coaxial with each other in the left-right direction. And the traveling bodies (26) and (27) of the door bodies (7) and (8) are located near the left and right pivots (18) and (19) of the rear rails (14) and (15), respectively. Door bodies (7) and (8) are arranged on the same plane as the mounting wall surface (2) with the butting end faces (10) facing each other at the center of the opening (6). Therefore, the pair of door bodies (7) and (8) can be closed flatly without any step, so that they are inconspicuous and have an excellent appearance.
[0037]
Then, for example, when opening one of the left door bodies (7), the worker holds the handle (28) and pulls the door body (7) in the forward direction, which is the worker direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, one of the rail members (16) engaged with the door body (7) is moved forward with the pivot (18) as a fulcrum against the spring force of the fixed spring (23). Rotate. By the rotation of the rail member (16), the rear rail (14) of the one rail member (16) and the front rail (13) of the other rail member (17) are abutted and connected, and one door is connected. The butt end face (10) of the main body (7) protrudes forward from the outer surface of the other door body (8), which is the closed side.
[0038]
When the worker slides one door body (7) rightward in this protruding state, the traveling body (26) of the door body (7) travels on the left rear rail (14) and then on the right side. By running on the front rail (13), the door body (7) on the open side can slide smoothly without hitting the other door body (8) on the closed side. As shown, one door body (7) can be arranged parallel to the front of the other door body (8).
[0039]
By the above operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the left half of the storage section (5) can be almost fully opened in the vertical direction, and the inside of the storage section (5) and the stored items can be clearly and quickly observed. In addition, since there is no obstacle on the front side, it is possible to easily carry out the taking-in / out operation even for vertically long storage items. In addition, it is possible to install a hanging shelf, a drawer of any size, a rack that moves back and forth, and the like in the storage unit (5), so that the storage unit (5) can be effectively used and organized. The rack can be smoothly taken in and out without any trouble. Further, since the opening and closing space for the protruding distance when the door body (7) is rotated in the forward direction is sufficient, the opening and closing operation does not require a space and can be attached to a narrow space such as a parking lot or a corridor. At the same time, there is no need to move largely in the forward direction, and even an elderly person or a wheelchair user can operate easily with a minimum moving distance.
[0040]
Next, when closing the door body (7), the handle (28) of the door body (7) is held in the reverse procedure to the opening, and the door body (7) is moved to the left, which is the original position direction. ), The traveling body (26) of the door body (7) travels on one rear rail (14) after passing through the other front rail (13), and the door body (7) is opened. It reaches the left end of (6).
[0041]
Further, when the door body (7) is merely moved to the left end, as shown in FIG. 2, the door body (7) has the abutting end face (10) protruding forward and inclined. Therefore, when the worker presses the butt end face (10) of the door body (7) toward the storage portion (5), the rail member (16) on the upper side rotates together with the door body (7), and FIG. As shown in the drawing, the door body (7) is arranged in parallel to the left-right axis direction, so that the door body (7) is closed in a plane as shown in FIG.
[0042]
Further, in order to open the other door body (8), the handle (28) of the door body (8) is pulled toward the front like the one door body (7), and the door body (8) is opened together with the door body (8). The other rail member (17) is pivoted forward with the pivot (19) as a fulcrum. Due to this rotation, the rear rail (15) of the other rail member (17) and the front rail (12) of the one rail member (16) continue, so that the other door body (8) is moved to the left. By sliding, the traveling body (27) of the door body (8) travels along the other rear rail (15) and the one front rail (12), and moves the door body (8) to one upper part. It can be arranged in front of the door (7). By this operation, the right half of the storage section (5) can be fully opened, and the storage section (5) can be easily visually checked, and efficient storage is possible.
[0043]
Next, when the other door body (8) is closed, the handle (28) is held and the other door body (8) is slid to the right, which is the original position, to move the door body (8). The traveling body (27) travels along one of the front rails (12) and the other rear rail (15), and can easily move the other door body (8) to the right end of the opening (6). . By pressing the butting end face (10) side of the other door body (8) in the direction of the storage portion (5), the other rail member (17) rotates and is arranged parallel to the left-right axis direction. Therefore, the other door body (8) can be closed in a planar manner.
[0044]
As described above, in the prior art, when the door body on the open side is pulled out in the forward direction to perform the switching operation of the rail member, a strong shearing force is applied to the switching portion, so that it is not possible to smoothly rotate, However, in the present invention, the entire long rail members (16) and (17) together with one or the other door body (7) (8) on the open side are supported by the shaft support (18). Since the rotation is performed with the (19) as a fulcrum, a strong shearing force is not applied to various members at the time of rotation, and the rail members (16) and (17) after rotation are gentle in inclination, and the traveling body (26) ( 27) It is possible to achieve smooth running with less occurrence of derailing, and no strong shearing force acts on the rail members (16) (17) and the running bodies (26) (27), and wear of each part. This also improves the durability of the device.
[0045]
In the above embodiment, the handle (28) is provided by recessing the outer surface of the door body (7) (8). However, as another different embodiment, the handle (28) is provided outside the door body (7) (8). If the handle (28) is buried flush with the surface and can be protruded to the outside and held by fingers only during use, there is no problem in opening and closing the door bodies (7) and (8). .
[0046]
In the first embodiment, the rail members (16) and (17) are provided on the outer surface of the upper and lower frames (1). However, as another different embodiment, rails are provided on the inner surface of the upper and lower frames (1). Members (16) and (17) may be provided. Also, without providing a pair of upper and lower frames (1) separately for the present invention, rail members (16) and (17) are provided directly on the ceiling or floor surface (29) of the house, between the soil, etc. The right and left door bodies (7) and (8) may be engaged with (16) and (17).
[0047]
Also, the sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention has a simple structure mainly composed of the upper and lower frames (1), the rail members (16) (17), the door bodies (7) (8), and the like. It can be installed in the entrance yard, in a parking lot, or outside. Although only one set of sliding door opening / closing devices may be provided on the mounting wall (2) of the house, a plurality of sets of sliding door opening / closing devices can be installed in the lateral direction, so that a more efficient wall surface can be provided. In addition to being able to be stored, the flat closing of all the sliding doors makes it possible to obtain a sense of unity with the mounting wall surface (2) of the house, thereby making it inconspicuous and excellent in appearance.
[0048]
In the first embodiment, the present invention is installed on the mounting wall (2) of a house. However, as another different embodiment, a cupboard, a bookshelf, a sideboard, a storeroom, and various other cabinets are used for furniture. It can be used as a sliding door opening and closing device, and it is possible to obtain a thin product excellent in aesthetics with no step on the outer surface. Installation becomes possible. In addition, the stored items can be easily observed, the workability of taking in and out can be improved, and the storage section can be effectively used.
[0049]
Further, in the first embodiment, the rail members (16) and (17) for engaging the traveling bodies (26) and (27) of the pair of door bodies (7) and (8) are formed into a U-shaped cross section, and the projections are formed. Although the front rails (12) and (13) and the rear rails (14) and (15) are provided, as another embodiment, the rail members (16) and (17) are recessed to form a concave groove. The front rails (12) and (13) and the rear rails (14) and (15) may be used.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, by opening and closing the sliding door, the left half or the right half of the storage unit can be fully opened by sliding the door body left and right without limiting the installation location. You can get the device. In addition, since the left half or the right half of the storage unit can be fully opened, the inside of the storage unit can be quickly and easily viewed, and even if the storage object is a long storage object, the target storage object can be efficiently taken in and out. Can do things. In addition, when opening and closing the door body, there is no need for a wide opening and closing space as in the case of conventional hinged doors and folding doors, and only the space for the protruding distance on the butted end face side of the door body is sufficient, so Can be installed, and the elderly and wheelchair users can easily operate the device. Further, when the door body is opened, the entire long rail member engaged with the opening side door body rotates together with the door body, so that a strong shearing force acts on the engagement portion between the rail member and the traveling body. As a result, the running body is hardly derailed or parts are not easily worn, so that the opening-side door body can smoothly slide.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a top view showing one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view showing a state in which one of the rail members and one of the door bodies is rotated in a front direction about a pivot portion as a fulcrum to open one of the left door bodies.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing an open state of one door main body.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a center portion of the rail member of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a center portion of the rail member of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Upper and lower frames
6 opening
7 Door body
8 Door body
10 Butt end face
11 Substrate
12 Forward rail
13 Forward rail
14 Rear rail
15 Rear rail
16 Rail members
17 Rail members
18 Shaft support
19 Axle support
20 Rail positioning plate
21 Rail stabilizer
23 Fixed spring
26 Running body
27 Running body
31 Positioning means

Claims

A pair of upper and lower frames to be fixed to a house or furniture are vertically arranged in parallel, and a pair of door bodies are arranged so that end faces can be abutted in the left-right direction of the openings of the upper and lower frames, and connected to both sides of the pair of door bodies. A rail member that slidably engages the traveling body and that has the front rail and the rear rail arranged in parallel is coaxially supported in the left and right directions of the pair of upper and lower frames, and when the pair of door bodies are closed. The front rail and the rear rail of each rail member are coaxially arranged, and the traveling body of the pair of door bodies is positioned in the direction of the shaft support of the rear rail, and when one or the other door body is opened, the open door body is opened. By pulling the butted end surface side forward, the rail member of the open-side door body is rotated in the forward direction together with the open-side door body around the pivot portion as a fulcrum, and the rear rail of the open-side door body and the closed-side door body are rotated. Forward race The open door body can be placed parallel to the front surface of the closed door body by running the running body of the open door body along the connected rear rail and front rail. An opening and closing device for a sliding door.

2. The slide door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the rail member can be assembled in advance on a substrate that can be fixed to the outer surfaces of the pair of upper and lower frames on the opening side.

The rail member includes, as positioning means, a rail stabilizing plate that abuts a side surface on a rear rail side when the door body is closed, and a rail positioning plate that abuts and contacts a front rail side end of the rail member when the door body is opened. And the rail member and the rail stabilizing plate are rotatably connected via a fixed spring, and the spring force of the fixed spring causes the rail member to abut on the rail stabilizing plate when the door body is closed. The state can be maintained, and when the door body is opened, the rail member is rotated against the spring force of the fixed spring to make contact with the rail positioning plate and abut on the rail positioning plate. 3. The slide door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the contact state of the rail member against the rail positioning plate can be maintained by a spring force.