JP2004130327A - Driving gear in press - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving gear in a press with which working speed and the number of strokes are raised, consumable energy is also reduced, the working speed, the stroke and the output of a press can be arbitrarily set and large output is created, but the total height is reduced even in a large press. <P>SOLUTION: The main ram 5 is fixed to the bottom of the crown 3 of the press and also a pressurizing chamber 6 provided with a vertical cylindrical part 6a the lower end of which penetrates through the main ram 5 and at least two horizontal cylindrical parts 6b, 6b which are crossed and communicated with the vertical cylindrical part 6a is incorporated in the crown 3. A slide 2 receives the main ram 5 and makes the main pressurizing chamber 8 having variable volume between the slide and the outer periphery including the tip of the main ram 5 with the slide, also a ram 8 for raising pressure the upper end surface of which is faced to the vertical cylindrical part 6a in the main ram is projectingly provided and a driving mechanism containing a screw shaft 13 the ram part 130 of which is faced to the inside of the horizontal cylindrical parts and driving motors 19 for moving the screw shafts back and forth are provided at least on two side parts of the crown 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a driving device suitable for a press for processing a metal material and a non-metal material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A press is widely used as a means for plastically processing metal and nonmetal materials. As a drive device for such a press, a crank drive device and a hydraulic drive device have been used.
[0003]
Compared to hydraulic drives, crank drives are characterized by higher processing speeds and strokes, and less energy consumption. However, because they are driven using inertial energy, the processing power, processing speed and stroke position of the press There is a problem that it is not possible to arbitrarily set parameters.
On the other hand, the hydraulic drive device has the advantage that the working speed and stroke of the press can be set arbitrarily and the output of the press can be set arbitrarily.However, a pump is used to release the pressure oil discharged from it. Since the output of the press is controlled by a valve and the speed is controlled by a throttle valve, not only is a large amount of drive energy consumed, but the consumed drive energy becomes heat, and the stability of the hydraulic system is reduced. There has been such a problem that it has been lowered and that a cooling device has to be additionally installed, resulting in an increase in size.
[0004]
As a countermeasure against this, the present applicant has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-276651 that a ram is protruded from the upper part of a slide, a bottomed pressurized chamber is formed in the axial direction from the upper end, and a block is formed on the crown side. And a recess defining a pressurized chamber of variable volume is formed between the ram and the ram, and the block has a screw shaft coaxial with a piston vertically inserted into the pressurized chamber of the ram. The present invention has proposed a drive device for a press provided with a drive mechanism including a nut that is screwed with the screw shaft, thereby eliminating the drawbacks of the crank drive device and the hydraulic drive device.
[0005]
However, in the prior art, the output which can be created is limited since the screw shaft is limited to one structurally, and a block as a second cylinder is fitted and fixed to the crown portion of the press, and the second cylinder is fixed to the second cylinder. A screw shaft is installed vertically so that the lower half of the piston is located in the pressurized chamber in the inserted ram, and the screw shaft is threaded through a nut of a support provided at the top of the crown portion. Since it was driven by the motor installed on the top, the screw shaft protruded greatly from the crown, the height of the driving device became large, and the overall height of the press became large, which may not be able to be installed in the factory. There was a problem. In addition, in the case of a large press of, for example, 20,000 kN or more, there is a problem that it is difficult to manufacture and assemble the driving device.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the conventional problems as described above, and its object is to increase the processing speed and the number of strokes, reduce the consumption energy, reduce the processing speed, the stroke and the output of the press. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drive device for a press which can be set arbitrarily and which can generate a large output, and which can reduce the overall height even in a large press.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a press machine, in which a main ram is fixed to a lower surface of a crown of the press, and a lower end portion of the crown communicates with a vertical cylindrical portion penetrating the main ram and the vertical cylindrical portion. A pressurizing chamber having a horizontal cylindrical portion to be provided is provided, and a slide is formed with a recess defining a variable-volume main pressurizing chamber between outer peripheries including a tip of the main ram receiving the main ram, A pressure-increasing ram with an upper end face protruding from a vertical cylindrical portion in the main ram, and a screw shaft whose ram portion faces the horizontal cylindrical portion on at least two sides of the crown, A driving mechanism including a driving motor for driving the motor is provided.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 6 show an embodiment of a driving device in a press according to the present invention.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a bed frame, and reference numeral 2 denotes a slide arranged so as to face the bed frame 1. The upper die B is attached to a lower die A installed on a bolster on the bed frame 2. Reference numeral 3 denotes a crown (upper frame) facing the bed frame 1, which is rigidly connected to the bed frame 1 by a plurality of side frames (columns) 4, 4.
[0009]
A block-shaped main ram 5 is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the central portion of the crown 3, and a cross-shaped or T-shaped pressurizing chamber 6 is provided in the crown 3.
Specifically, the pressurizing chamber 6 includes a vertical cylindrical portion 6a that passes through the axis of the main ram 5 and reaches the lower end of the main ram, a horizontal cylindrical portion 6b that communicates with the vertical cylindrical portion 6a and extends outward, 6b.
At least two, in this example, four, of the horizontal tubular portions 6b are formed in a cross shape as shown in FIG. 2, and the outer ends are opened on the left, right, front and rear side surfaces of the crown 3, respectively.
[0010]
The slide 2 has a recess (bottomed hole) 7 of a required depth from the upper surface as a tube for receiving the main ram 5, and a seal cylinder 71 is fitted and fixed in an opening of the recess 7. Thereby, a main pressurizing chamber 8 of variable volume is formed between the inner surface of the recess 7 and the tip end surface and side surface of the main ram 5. If necessary, a stopper collar is provided on the outer periphery near the distal end of the main ram 5 so as to be able to contact the seal cylinder 71.
[0011]
A pressure-increasing ram 9 having a columnar shape is fixed on the center line of the slide 2, and the pressure-increasing ram 9 penetrates the bottom of the recess 7, and a front end surface of the pressure-increasing ram 9 has a vertical cylindrical shape. It extends into the pressure chamber 6a.
The method of fixing the pressure-increasing ram 9 is arbitrary. In this example, the lower end flange 90 is fitted into the counterbore of the lower surface of the slide main body 2a, and the slide body 2a is fixed to the slide main body 2a by being integrated with the board body 2b. . 91 is a seal.
[0012]
An oil passage 11 connected to an external oil tank (including an accumulator) 10 extends through the slide 2 in the middle of the main pressurizing chamber 8. Then, the valve is opened to supply oil from the oil tank 10 to the main pressurizing chamber 8, the valve is closed during the pressurizing step, the oil tank 10 and the main pressurizing chamber 8 are shut off, and the valve is opened during the rising stroke. And a control valve 24 for returning oil from the main pressurizing chamber 8 to the oil tank 10.
The control valve 24 has, for example, a check valve 240 and an operating means 241. The operating means 241 is, for example, a servomotor. The oil tank 10 is installed on a platform 30 mounted on the crown 3. Reference numeral 31 denotes a safety fence surrounding the platform 30.
[0013]
The main pressurizing chamber 8 and a part of the pressurizing chamber In this example, the horizontal cylindrical portion 6b is connected by an oil passage 12, and the oil passage 12 is closed by a valve during a slide descending process. The pressurizing chamber 8 and the pressurizing chamber 6 are shut off, and the valve is opened during the pressurizing process to allow the flow of the pressurized oil from the pressurizing chamber 6 to the main pressurizing chamber 8, and is opened during the ascending process. A control valve 29 for returning oil from the main pressurizing chamber 8 to the pressurizing chamber 6 is provided.
The control valve 29 has, for example, a check valve 290 and an operating means 291, and the operating means 291 is, for example, a servomotor.
[0014]
The operation means 241 and 291 are connected to a controller (CPU) 36 described later, and the operation thereof is controlled by this signal.
When the control valves 29 and 24 with the operating means are used as described above, the mode can be switched from the descending mode to the pressurizing mode at any time. is there. The oil passage 12 is configured as an internal passage in this example, but may be an external passage.
Supports 14 are fixedly installed on the side surfaces of the crown 3 corresponding to the openings of the horizontal tubular portions 6b, 6b, respectively, and a reduction gear (output side) 17 is mounted on the support 14 via bearings 16. Is supported. A female screw member 18 is fixed to the speed reducer 17, and a screw shaft 13 such as a ball screw is threaded through the female screw member 18. The input side of the speed reducer 17 is connected to the output side of the drive motor 19 arranged in the vicinity.
A general-purpose motor may be used as the drive motor 19, but a numerical control type motor represented by an AC servomotor is preferably used. The speed reducer 17 is optional such as a worm-worm wheel type or a gear type.
Each of the screw shafts 13 has a ram portion 130 in a half portion thereof, and the ram portion 130 faces the inside of each horizontal cylindrical portion 6b through a guide cylinder 61 fixed to an opening of each horizontal cylindrical portion 6b. I have.
[0016]
Each of the drive motors 19 is connected to a controller 36 via a driver 38 as shown in FIG. 4. The controller 36 has a position signal fed back from a sensor (for example, a magnetic sensor or an encoder) for detecting the position of the slide 2. An output signal from a sensor for detecting the pressing force of the slide 2 is transmitted. Examples of the sensor for detecting the pressing force of the slide 2 include a pressure gauge interposed in the oil passage 11 and a strain gauge (load guard) attached to a side frame.
The controller 36 is provided with an optional setting output 37 and an arbitrary press output and speed according to the processing conditions such as the type of press processing, processing dimensions, material properties and mechanical characteristics. The conditions, that is, whether to drive all the drive motors 19 synchronously or to drive some drive motors 19, the number of rotations, and the like are determined and output to the driver 38.
[0017]
A push-up actuator 27 for urging the slide 2 upward and for raising the slide 2 after the slide 2 descends is connected to the slide 2. A hydraulic or gas pressure cylinder is used as the actuator 27, and the tube is fixed to a side frame or a bed frame.
[0018]
FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, the plurality of screw shafts 13 are not driven by independent drive motors 19, respectively, but some of the plurality of screw shafts 13 are driven by the shared drive motor 19. I have. For this reason, the output of the drive motor 19 is transmitted to the reduction gear via the joint mechanism.
[0019]
In addition, instead of the oil passage 12 having the control valve 29, two oil passages having a switching valve such as a pilot type are provided, and at the time of the pressurization stroke, one of the oil passages is switched from the pressurizing chamber 6 by the switching valve. It is also possible to adopt a type in which pressurized oil is introduced into the main pressurizing chamber 8 and oil is returned from the main pressurizing chamber 8 to the pressurizing chamber 6 by the switching valve of the other oil path during the ascent stroke.
In addition, the number of mechanisms including the horizontal cylindrical portion 6b and the screw shaft 13 is not limited to four as in the embodiment, but may be two or more, and it is easy to increase the number of mechanisms such as 5 to 6.
The vertical cylinder and the horizontal cylinder constituting the pressurizing chamber 6 may be formed by directly drilling a hole in the block-shaped crown 3, or may be formed as an assembly and assembled into a frame-shaped crown. .
[0020]
Operation of the embodiment
Next, the operation of the press driving device of the embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 shows the state of the ascending limit position, in which the slide 2 is pushed up by the push-up cylinder 27, and the four screw shafts 13 with rams are stopped at the respective retracted positions. Are large, the volume of the main pressurizing chamber 8 is small, and they are filled with oil.
[0021]
In order to start the press working from this state, an arbitrary program corresponding to the processing conditions such as the type of the press working, the working dimensions, the material of the material and the mechanical characteristics is input to the controller 36 by the setting device 37, and the driving in accordance with the program is performed. The conditions, that is, the number of actuations and the number of rotations of the plurality of drive motors 19 are calculated. Alternatively, a program including driving conditions is inputted and stored in the controller 36 in advance, and the driving motor 19 is rotated forward through the driver 38 in accordance with the sequence.
[0022]
For example, when high output is desired to be achieved, all the drive motors 19 are synchronously rotated forward. In this case, since the female screw members 18 are rotated by the respective speed reducers 17, the respective screw shafts 13 screwed with the female screw members 18 move in the axial direction without rotating. As a result, the ram portion 130 integral with the screw shaft 13 advances to the inside of each of the horizontal tubular portions 6b, 6b, so that the volume of the pressurizing chamber 6 is reduced and the oil inside is pressurized, which increases. The slide 2 is rapidly lowered to be transmitted to the pressure ram 9 and depress it. This is the state of FIG.
[0023]
During this descent, the control valve 29 of the oil passage 12 is kept closed and the pressurized oil does not move from the pressurizing chamber 6 to the main pressurizing chamber 8, so that the pressurizing chamber 6 is in a sealed state and the pressure increasing ram 9 And the slide 2 descends at a high speed corresponding to the rotation speed of the screw shaft 13.
In this descending stroke, as shown in FIG. 5, the volume of the main pressurizing chamber 8 increases due to the descending of the slide 2, and oil is supplied from the oil tank 10 through the control valve opened here, thereby preventing surge. The main pressurizing chamber 8 is filled with low-pressure oil. Therefore, the descending stroke is performed at a low output high speed.
The downward movement of the slide 2 causes the piston of the lifting actuator 27 to advance, so that the reaction force is suppressed and the rising energy is accumulated.
[0024]
When the processing is started by the die A of the slide 2 and the die B on the bed side in this way, the hydraulic pressure in the pressurized chamber to which the processing reaction force has acted increases. For this reason, the control valve 29 is opened, the pressurizing chamber 6 and the main pressurizing chamber 8 are conducted through the oil passage 12, and the high-pressure oil generated in the pressurizing chamber 6 is supplied to the main pressurizing chamber 8. Is transmitted to. At this time, since the control valve 24 is closed and the oil tank 10 and the main pressurizing chamber 8 are shut off, the hydraulic pressure in the main pressurizing chamber 8 increases, and the slide 2 switches to a high-pressure low-speed mode, and the slide 2 switches to a high-pressure low-speed mode. It descends to a position and press processing is performed. This is the state of FIG.
[0025]
Such a pressurizing process is detected by sending a feedback signal from a position sensor (or / and a pressure sensor) to the controller 36, and when it is determined that the machining has been completed by reaching a predetermined position (or a predetermined pressure). A signal is sent to each drive motor 19 through the controller 36.
Thereby, each drive motor 19 starts reverse rotation in synchronization, and each screw shaft 13 with the ram retreats rapidly. As a result, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 6 is reduced due to the increase in volume, and at this time, the energy stored in the push-up actuator 27 is released, and the reaction force acts on the slide 2, so that the slide 2 starts to rise at high speed.
[0026]
At this time, the pressure oil in the main pressurizing chamber 8 is returned to the pressurizing chamber 6 via the control valve 29 opened by the operating means 241 and the oil passage 12 and simultaneously the control valve opened by the operating means 241. It is returned to the oil tank 10 through 24 and the oil passage 11.
Since the main ram 5 is fixed to the crown 3 and the slide 2 has only the recess 7 as a tube for receiving the main ram 5, the slide 2 is lightweight and the push-up actuator 27 can be small.
[0027]
When the slide 2 reaches the position of the top dead center, a signal from the position sensor is fed back to the controller 36, so that the driving of each drive motor 19 is stopped and stopped at the top dead center position as shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, continuous press working is performed by repeating the above-described operations.
[0028]
In the present invention, in the descending stroke, the volume of the pressurizing chamber 6 is reduced (pressurized) by the advancement of the screw shaft 13, and the slide 2 is lowered at a low output and at a high speed. In the pressurizing step, high pressure is transmitted from the pressurizing chamber 6 to the main pressurizing chamber 8 in addition to the reaction force of pressurization, so that a large output is generated due to the area difference between the pressurizing chamber 6 and the main pressurizing chamber 8. Then, the slide 2 is lowered at high output and low speed. When the machining is completed, the screw shaft 13 is retracted, the volume of the pressurizing chamber 6 is expanded, the oil in the pressurizing chamber 8 is returned to this, and the push-up actuator 27 is operated, so that the slide is raised at high speed. .
Therefore, changes in speed and force required for press working can be smoothly realized, and only the necessary energy is used in each stroke. It works and uses energy effectively. Therefore, the processing speed and the number of strokes are high, and the consumption energy can be reduced. In addition, the operation of the slide 2 is not affected because the energy efficiency is good, the heat is not generated, and the change in the oil temperature is small. Therefore, the system is stable, and an oil cooler or the like for making the oil temperature appropriate is almost unnecessary, so that the hydraulic circuit and the equipment can be simplified and made compact.
[0029]
In addition, according to the present invention, the volume (pressure) of the pressurizing chamber 6 for operating the pressure increasing ram 9 as the kicker driving pressure increasing cylinder can be changed in a short time by the plurality of screw shafts 13 with rams. Therefore, the descending speed can be increased and a high output can be obtained. That is, in the embodiment, four times as high output can be realized as compared with the prior art vertical screw shaft method.
In addition, since the plurality of screw shafts 13 with rams can perform all or a part of the selective driving, they are optimally adapted to each processing condition according to the characteristics of each processing such as drawing, punching and cold forging. It can control the processing power, processing speed, and processing motion, and can also save energy.
[0030]
Further, although the high speed and high output as described above can be achieved, the pressurizing chamber 6 is built in the crown 3 as vertical and horizontal cylindrical portions 6a and 6b, and the horizontal cylindrical opening on two or more sides of the crown. Since the mechanisms including the screw shafts 13 with rams are provided laterally at the respective portions, the overall height of the press can be kept low. For example, even with a press of 30,000 kN, the overall height can be kept to 4900 mm or less.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described above, in addition to the basic features that the pressurizing speed and the number of strokes are high and energy consumption can be reduced, the pressurizing pressurizing chamber 6 has vertical and horizontal cylindrical portions 6a, 6b, 6b, the ram-equipped screw shafts 13, 13 are respectively advanced and retracted to at least two horizontal tubular portions 6b, 6b, so that a high output can be created, and the plurality of ram-equipped screw shafts 13, 13 can be selectively driven. Thereby, the processing force and the processing speed can be freely controlled. Moreover, despite the fact that a high output can be achieved, a plurality of screw shafts 13 with rams and a drive mechanism are provided not on the top surface of the crown 3 but on the side portions, so that the overall height of the press can be kept low. The effect is obtained.
According to the second aspect, the number of the horizontal tubular portions 6b is four, and the screw shaft 13 having the ram portion 130 in each horizontal tubular portion is advanced and retracted, so that the overall height of the press is increased. High output can be obtained without any problem, and the excellent effect that the speed and output can be freely controlled by selecting the number of drives of the screw shaft can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the device of the present invention in an ascending limit state.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a crown portion of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a control system of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a descending stroke of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a pressurizing process of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Slide 3 Crown 5 Main ram 6 Pressurizing chamber 6a Vertical cylindrical section 6b Horizontal cylindrical section 8 Main pressing chamber 13 Screw shaft 19 Drive motor

Claims (2)

The main ram 5 is fixed to the lower surface of the crown 3 of the press, and the crown 3 has at least two vertical cylindrical portions 6a each having a lower end penetrating the main ram 5 and at least two crosswise communicating with the vertical cylindrical portions 6a. A pressurizing chamber 6 having horizontal tubular portions 6b, 6b is provided, and a variable volume main pressurizing chamber 8 is defined on the slide 2 between the outer circumference including the main ram 5 and the tip of the main ram 5. A recess 7 is formed, and a pressure-increasing ram 8 having an upper end face protruding from a vertical cylindrical portion 6a in the main ram, and a ram portion 130 is provided on at least two sides of the crown 3 in the horizontal direction. A drive device for a press, comprising: a drive mechanism including a screw shaft 13 facing a cylindrical portion and a drive motor 19 for moving the screw shaft 13 forward and backward. The drive device for a press according to claim 1, wherein the number of the horizontal tubular portions (6b) is four or more, and the screw shaft (13) having a ram portion is advanced and retracted at each of the horizontal tubular portions (6b).

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