JP2004129578A - Method for producing flexible oil and fat composition - Google Patents

Method for producing flexible oil and fat composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004129578A
JP2004129578A JP2002297755A JP2002297755A JP2004129578A JP 2004129578 A JP2004129578 A JP 2004129578A JP 2002297755 A JP2002297755 A JP 2002297755A JP 2002297755 A JP2002297755 A JP 2002297755A JP 2004129578 A JP2004129578 A JP 2004129578A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
fat
weight
parts
raw material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP2002297755A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigeo Yagi
八木 茂雄
Haruki Yokoyama
横山 春樹
Satoru Takeda
武田 了
Yasusuke Kuroda
黒田 保介
Shu Endo
遠藤 周
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Adeka Corp
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Asahi Denka Kogyo KK
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Priority to JP2002297755A priority Critical patent/JP2004129578A/en
Publication of JP2004129578A publication Critical patent/JP2004129578A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for easily producing a flexible oil and fat composition, above all, an oil and fat composition for being kneaded in bread, where a large amount of powdery material are uniformly dispersed and plasticity in a broad temperature range is provided, without using any specific device for rapidly cooling plasticization or roller processing. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing a flexible oil and fat composition comprises dispersing a large amount of powdery material in an oil and fat raw material. In this method, ≤150 pts. wt. of the powdery material is formulated in 100 pts. wt. of the oil and fat raw material, and once creaming or whipping the mixture followed by admixing the mixture with remaining powdery material to produce the composition without using any specific device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、可塑性油脂組成物の製造方法に関し、詳しくは粉末素材を多く含むにもかかわらず広い温度範囲で可塑性を有し、とくにベーカリー食品練込用として好適な、可塑性油脂組成物の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
油脂性原料、例えばマーガリンやショートニングに粉末素材を分散させることは広く行われてきた。この場合、分散させる粉末素材が少量の場合はとくに問題はないが、粉末素材を大量に分散させると粘度が上昇して可塑性が失われ、ついには粉粒状となってしまう。
【0003】
ところで、ベーカリー食品製造の際の練込油脂や折込油脂など、油脂組成物に可塑性が求められる場合は多々存在する。
このため、マーガリンやショートニング等の油脂性原料に、例えば粉チーズや澱粉などの粉末素材を多く配合するために、各種の検討がおこなわれてきた。例えば、油脂と乾燥食品素材及び/又は低水分含有食品とを混合し、これを超微粉砕処理し、ついで急冷捏和処理することを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物の製造法がある(例えば特許文献1参照)。しかし、この方法は急冷可塑化を必要とし、また、粉末素材配合量が増えると急冷可塑化時の練り時の圧力が強いため機器負担が大きく、機器洗浄も困難であるという問題があった。
【0004】
さらに、粉末素材含量が多い油脂組成物の製造法としては、例えば、ショートニングやマーガリン中に大豆粉を粉体40:60油脂〜粉体80:20油脂の割合で分散させ、大豆粉のもつ臭いの防止と製パン練込油脂として使用した場合の発酵阻害を防止する方法や(例えば特許文献2参照)、澱粉などの粉体10〜38重量%と常温で液状の油脂を20〜45重量%を含有する加熱処理済ペースト状食品基材およびその製造方法などがある。(例えば特許文献3参照)
【0005】
しかし、特許文献2に記載の方法では、製造中および、得られた油脂組成物の比重については述べられておらず、また、粉体と油脂の比率や、添加する油脂が液状油・可塑状・固状油脂のそれぞれで、得られる油脂組成物の物性が大きく異なることが述べられているのみで、具体的な混合方法の区別や、可塑性についての記載はない。
また、特許文献3は液状油脂のみの記載である。
【0006】
すなわち油脂に粉末素材を多く配合し、かつ可塑性をもたせるには、液状油を用いる方法か、常温で固体の油脂をいったん加温して融解したものに粉末素材を分散させ、十分に分散させた後急冷可塑化するか、あるいは、常温で粉末素材と油脂を併せて後、ローラー処理等の高せん断力を与えるような高度の処理をする等の方法しかなかった。
【0007】
以上のように、大量の粉末素材が油脂中に均一に分散し、かつ、広い温度範囲で可塑性を有している油脂組成物を、急冷可塑化やローラー処理などの特殊な装置を使用せずとも、簡便に製造する方法は見られなった。
【0008】
ここで、さらにベーカリー食品練込用油脂組成物、とくに製パン練込用油脂組成物として、粉末素材を分散させた油脂組成物を用いる際にはさらに別の問題も存在する。
製パンにおける練込油脂配合量は、例えば食パンの場合、小麦粉100重量部に対し、わずか5〜10重量部と大変少ない。よって従来は、上記理由により練込油脂中に配合できる粉末素材量が少なかったため、粉末の酵素製剤や糊料など、少量でも添加効果のある成分しか配合できないという問題があった。
【0009】
よって、製パン練込油脂中に粉末素材を多く含有させるのは、油脂中への粉末素材量の限界と、製パン時の油脂配合量の限界、および、可塑性を有しなければならないという物性面の限界の、3重の意味で大変困難であった。
【特許文献1】
特開昭63−39546号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭59−118034号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平10−51号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
したがって、粉末素材が大量に均一に分散し、かつ広い温度範囲で可塑性を有する可塑性油脂組成物、なかでも製パン練込用油脂組成物について、急冷可塑化やローラー掛けなどの特殊な装置を使用せずとも、簡便に製造する方法が求められていた。
【0011】
【問題点を解決するための手段】
本発明の可塑性油脂組成物は、多量の粉末素材を油脂性原料中に分散させて可塑性油脂組成物を製造する際に、油脂性原料100重量部あたり粉末素材150重量部以下を配合していったんクリーミングまたはホイッピングした後、さらに残りの粉末素材を添加混合することにより上記問題の解消を可能としたものである。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の可塑性油脂組成物の製造方法について詳述する。
本発明でいう油脂性原料とは、マーガリン、ショートニング、液状油、流動ショートニング、ラード、ヘット、マヨネーズ、ドレッシングなどの、油脂を主体とする食品や加工食品のことを示し、その中でも特に、本発明においては乾燥素材あるいは低水分の粉末素材を分散させることから、油相が連続相をなしているマーガリン、ショートニング、ラード、ヘットにおいて好ましい結果が得られる。なお、その中においても特に水分を含有しない点においてショートニング、ラード、ヘットが好ましい。なお、ここで、クリーミング性またはホイッピング性が低い油脂性原料やクリーミング性またはホイッピング性を有しない油脂性原料を使用する場合、製菓用起泡性乳化脂や、乳化剤を添加することにより本発明に使用することが可能となる。
【0013】
本発明において、油脂性原料の油相で使用する油脂としては、例えば、パーム油、パーム核油、ヤシ油、コーン油、綿実油、大豆油、ナタネ油、米油、ヒマワリ油、サフラワー油、オリーブ油、キャノーラ油、牛脂、乳脂、豚脂、カカオ脂、魚油、鯨油等の各種植物油脂、動物油脂、並びにこれらを水素添加、分別及びエステル交換から選択される1又は2以上の処理を施した加工油脂から選ばれた1種又は2種以上からなるものである。
【0014】
本発明において、上記油脂性原料中に分散する粉末素材としては、好ましくは水分含量15%以下、より好ましくは10%以下の粉末素材、例えば、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、カラギーナン、アラビアガム、アルギン酸類、ペクチン、キサンタンガム、プルラン、タマリンドシードガム、サイリウムシードガム、結晶セルロース、CMC、メチルセルロース、寒天、グルコマンナン、ゼラチン等の増粘安定剤、澱粉、糊化澱粉、化工澱粉等の澱粉類、全粉乳、脱脂粉乳、クリームパウダー、ホエイパウダー、蛋白質濃縮ホエイパウダー、バターミルクパウダー、加糖粉乳、調製粉乳等の乳製品、カゼインカルシウム、カゼインナトリウム、ホエープロテインコンセートレート、トータルミルクプロテイン等の乳蛋白、乾燥全卵、乾燥卵黄、乾燥卵白、及び各種卵加工品等の乾燥卵類、食塩や塩化カリウム等の塩味剤、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、アミログルコシダーゼ、プルラナーゼ、ペントサナーゼ、セルラーゼ、リパーゼ、ホスフォリパーゼ、カタラーゼ、リポキシゲナーゼ、アスコルビン酸オキシダーゼ、スルフィドリルオキシダーゼ、ヘキソースオキシダーゼ、グルコースオキシダーゼ等の粉体の酵素、粉末トコフェロール、粉末茶抽出物等の酸化防止剤、粉末β―カロチン、粉末カラメル、紅麹色素等の着色料類、調味料、pH調整剤、食品保存料、日持ち向上剤、果実、粉末果汁、コーヒー粉末、香辛料、ココアパウダー、小麦粉、米粉等の穀類、豆類、上白糖、グラニュー糖、粉糖、蔗糖、ブドウ糖、メイプルシュガー、果糖、黒糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、シクロデキストリン、還元澱粉糖化物、還元糖ポリデキストロース、還元乳糖、ソルビトール、キシリトール、マルチトール、エリスリトール、マンニトール、粉末水飴、オリゴ糖、キシロース、トレハロース、フラクトオリゴ糖、大豆オリゴ糖、ガラクトオリゴ糖、キシロオリゴ糖、アラビノース、パラチノースオリゴ糖、アガロオリゴ糖、キチンオリゴ糖、乳果オリゴ糖、ヘミセルロース、イソマルトオリゴ糖、マルトオリゴ糖、カップリングシュガー、ラフィノース、ラクチュロース、テアンデオリゴ糖、ゲンチオリゴ糖等の糖類、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、フマル酸、酒石酸、コハク酸、アジピン酸、グルコン酸、フィチン酸、グルコノデルタラクトン、アスコルビン酸等の酸味料及びこれらの塩類、乾燥チーズ粉末、ナッツ粉砕物、乾燥野菜粉末、肉類、魚介類等の食品素材、着香料、花粉、球根、植物種子等の草花類及びその加工品等が挙げられる。これらの食品素材のうち、最初から水分が15%以下のものはそのまま、それ以上のものは適宜乾燥、脱水して用いるのが好ましい。また、上記食品素材は一種または二種以上混合して用いることができる。
【0015】
本発明において上記油脂性原料と粉末素材との配合割合は、油脂性原料100重量部に対し、粉末素材は300重量部以上500重量部以下であるが、好ましくは300重量部以上400重量部以下である。粉末素材が300重量部未満であると、得られた油脂組成物の比重が安定せず、油脂組成物が可塑性を示さないおそれがあり、500重量部を超えると本発明に拠っても可塑性を有する油脂組成物を得ることが困難となる。
【0016】
本発明においては、油脂性原料に粉末素材を分散させる過程において、油脂性原料100重量部あたり粉末素材150重量部以下を配合していったんクリーミングまたはホイッピングした後、さらに残りの粉末素材を添加混合する2段階の工程を含むことにより、油脂性原料中に大量の粉末素材を均一に分散させることが可能となる。
ここで、クリーミングまたはホイッピング時に油脂性原料100重量部あたり粉末素材が150重量部を超えると、気体を含有させることが困難であり、結果として大量の粉末素材を均一に分散させることが不可能となる。
【0017】
なお、クリーミングとホイッピングはほぼ同義であり、油脂性原料に気体を含ませ、固体中に気体が分散したコロイドを生成させることであり、ホイップマシンや竪型ミキサー、ニーダー等を用いて高速攪拌し気体を含有させる工程を指す。
【0018】
なお、油脂性原料に粉末素材を分散させるとは、粉末素材の分散に偏りがあったり、ダマやママコとなっているような状態は含まず、均一の滑らかな状態になった状態を指す。この状態では、油脂性原料が、添加した粉末素材を被い尽くす状態になり、油脂相が連続相となっている。
しかし、粉末素材の粒度が小さくなると、またはその粉末素材含量が多くなると、粉末素材の総表面積は大きくなり、よって、油脂性原料に粉末素材を直接添加混合しただけでは、その粉末素材表面を油脂性原料で被覆することができず、混合物は粉粒体の形態となってしまう。
【0019】
ここで、粉末素材を混合する際に本発明の気体を含有させる工程をとると、短時間に簡単に大量の粉末素材を分散させることが可能となる。すなわち、油脂性原料をミキサーやホイップマシン等でクリーミングまたはホイッピングすることにより生成した気泡表面部分を粉末素材で被覆することで多量の粉末素材を含有しながらも可塑性を有する油脂組成物を得ることが可能となると考えられる。
又、本発明において使用する気体としては、窒素、二酸化炭素、空気等が代表的なものとしてあげられるが、無色、無臭で人体に悪影響を与えるような物質を何ら含有しないものであればこれ以外でも使用出来る。
【0020】
気体の導入方法としては、油脂性原料をクリーミングまたはホイッピングすることが可能な装置であれば使用可能であり、例えば、竪型ミキサー、卓上ミキサー、横型ミキサー等の製菓製パン機械類で十分可能である。もちろん、連続的に気体を導入し攪拌混合するモンドミキサーやホイップマシン等の起泡装置等も用いることができる。
【0021】
クリーミングまたはホイッピングで導入する気体の量としては含気した最終製品の油脂組成物が可塑性を示す範囲であればいかような量でもかまわないが、クリーミングまたはホイッピングの終了時に、気体含有量は好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、30〜300ml、より好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、50〜230ml、最も好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、60〜150mlである。ここで、クリーミングまたはホイッピングの終了時に、気体含有量が30ml未満であると粉末素材混合性向上の効果が得られず、300mlを超えると、導入された気泡が不安定となり、脱泡等の現象が起き易くなる。
【0022】
また、ここで、最終製品である本発明の可塑性油脂組成物がクリーミングまたはホイッピングで導入した気体を特定量保っている場合、さらなる可塑性の改良効果が得られる。すなわち、最終製品の気体含有量は、好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、20〜100ml、より好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、20〜60ml、最も好ましくは油脂性原料100gあたり、20〜50mlである。ここで、可塑性油脂組成物の気体含有量が20ml未満であると粉粒体に近い性状をしめし、可塑性が十分でなく、硬い油脂組成物となる可能性が生じ、100mlを超えると、可塑性油脂組成物のコシがなく、また、導入された気泡が不安定となり、保存中に脱泡等の現象が起き易い等、不安定な油脂組成物になってしまう。
【0023】
なお、ここで、油脂組成物中の気体含有量の計算方法は、以下の式を用いる。まず気体を含む油脂組成物の比重を測定し、その値をAとする。
ついで、気体を含む油脂組成物を70℃以上に加温し、さらに減圧環境下において完全に脱気をしたものをコントロールとして得、これの比重を測定し、この比重をBとする。
このAとBを用いて以下の式により求めた値を気体含有量(単位=ml/油脂性原料100g)とする。
気体含有量=
[(B―A)÷B]÷[A×(油脂性原料の重量%÷全原料の重量%)]×100
【0024】
このようにして得られた可塑性油脂組成物は食品全般に使用可能であるが、特にベーカリー食品練込用として好適に使用される。なかでも製パン練込用として好適に使用され、さらには製パン改良成分含有製パン練込油脂組成物としてより好適に使用される。
【0025】
本発明における製パン改良成分とは、アスコルビン酸、臭素酸カリウム、グルコースオキシダーゼ等の酸化剤、システィン塩酸塩やグルタチオン等の還元剤、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン有機酸脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、レシチン等の乳化剤、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ等の酵素製剤、糊化澱粉、リン酸架橋澱粉、大豆粉等の澱粉・穀粉類、粉糖、デキストリン、粉末水飴等の糖類、塩化カルシウム、塩化カリウム等の無機塩類などの、製パン改良効果が得られる粉末素材である。なお、本発明においては、乳化剤等の油溶性の改良成分やアスコルビン酸等の微量で効力を顕わす成分については初発原料である油脂性原料中に含ませることも可能である。本発明により、従来、製パン改良効果を得るためには大量に添加が必要であった粉末素材、たとえば、粉糖類、無機塩類、穀粉類についても、発酵阻害やグルテンのデベロップの阻害を気にすることなく、製パンが可能となる。
【0026】
本発明の練込用油脂組成物のベーカリー生地への添加量は、原料穀粉100重量部に対し、好ましくは2〜40重量部、更に好ましくは5〜15重量部である。
【0027】
次いで、本発明の練込用油脂組成物を練り込んだ生地を用いて常法により焼成、フライ、蒸し等のベーキングを行ない、ベーカリー食品を製造する。
【0028】
【実施例】
以下に実施例および比較例をあげて、本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に制限されるものではない。
【0029】
(実施例1)
下記配合の油脂性原料及び粉末素材等を用い、次のようにして本発明の可塑性油脂組成物を製造した。
20℃に調温したショートニング210重量部(比重0.8)(気体として窒素14ml/ショートニング100gを含む)を高速15分、ビーターを装着した堅型ミキサー(関東ミキサー)を用いてクリーミングを行なった。ここで比重は0.3であり、気体はショートニング100g中223mlであった。さらに含水結晶精製ブドウ糖200重量部、食塩270重量部を添加し、低速攪拌を2分行なった。次いで脱脂粉乳90重量部、アスコルビン酸1重量部、およびキサンタンガム9重量部を添加し、低速攪拌を2分行なった。最後にグラニュー糖220重量部を添加し、中速2分攪拌を行ない、本発明の可塑性油脂組成物を得た。得られた可塑性油脂組成物は品温25℃において良好な可塑性を有していた。ここで得られた可塑性油脂組成物の比重は1.06であり、添加した粉末素材重量を加味して計算すると含有する粉末素材は油脂性原料100重量部あたり、376重量部であった。ついで、ここで得られた可塑性油脂組成物を70℃以上に加温し、さらに減圧環境下において完全に脱気をしたもの比重を測定したところ、1.27であった。よって、先の計算式より求めた気体含有量は74ml/油脂性原料100gであった。
【0030】
(比較例1)
実施例1の配合製法中で、ショートニングの15分のクリーミング工程を省略したほかは実施例1の配合製法により油脂組成物を得た。途中、含水結晶精製ブドウ糖200重量部、食塩270重量部を添加し、低速攪拌を2分行なった時点で粉粒体のままであり、以後、可塑性を呈することはなかった。得られた油脂組成物は粉粒状であり、ダマがあり、部分的に粉末素材の塊があり、融解した油脂が表面に滲む状態であった。また、結着性に乏しくもろい物性であり可塑性を有していなかった。比重は1.22であり、添加した粉末素材重量を加味して計算すると含有する粉末素材は油脂性原料100重量部あたり、376重量部であった。ついで、ここで得られた油脂組成物を70℃以上に加温し、さらに減圧環境下において完全に脱気をしたもの比重を測定したところ、1.27であった。よって、先の計算式より求めた気体含有量は15.3ml/油脂性原料100gであった。
【0031】
(比較例2)
実施例1の配合製法中で、ショートニング含量を150重量部に減じたほかは実施例1の配合製法により油脂組成物を得た。油脂性原料100重量部あたり、粉末素材は526重量部であった。含水結晶精製ブドウ糖200重量部、食塩270重量部を添加し、低速攪拌を2分行なった時点で粉粒体のままであり、以後、可塑性を呈することはなかった。得られた油脂組成物は粉粒状であり、可塑性を全く有していなかった。比重は1.23であり、添加した粉末素材重量を加味して計算すると含有する粉末素材は油脂性原料100重量部あたり、527重量部であった。ついで、ここで得られた油脂組成物を70℃以上に加温し、さらに減圧環境下において完全に脱気をしたもの比重を測定したところ、1.27であった。よって、先の計算式より求めた気体含有量は16ml/油脂性原料100gであった。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明の効果は、多量の粉末素材が油脂性原料中に均一に分散しており、かつ広い温度範囲で可塑性を有する油脂組成物を簡便に製造する方法を提供したことにある。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a plastic oil composition, and more particularly to a method for producing a plastic oil composition having a plasticity in a wide temperature range despite containing a large amount of powder materials, and particularly suitable for kneading bakery foods. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It has been widely practiced to disperse powder materials in oily raw materials such as margarine and shortening. In this case, there is no particular problem when the amount of the powdered material to be dispersed is small, but when the powdered material is dispersed in a large amount, the viscosity is increased and the plasticity is lost.
[0003]
By the way, there are many cases where plasticity is required for an oil / fat composition such as kneaded oil / fat or folded oil / fat during production of bakery foods.
For this reason, various studies have been made in order to mix powder materials such as powdered cheese and starch in a large amount of oily raw materials such as margarine and shortening. For example, there is a method for producing a plastic oil / fat composition comprising mixing an oil / fat with a dry food material and / or a low moisture content food, subjecting the mixture to ultrafine pulverization, and then quenching and kneading (for example, Patent Reference 1). However, this method requires quenching plasticization, and when the compounding amount of the powder material is increased, the pressure at the time of kneading during quenching plasticization is high, so that there is a problem that the load on the equipment is large and cleaning of the equipment is difficult.
[0004]
Further, as a method for producing an oil / fat composition having a high powder material content, for example, soybean powder is dispersed in shortening or margarine at a ratio of powder 40:60 oil / fat to powder 80:20 oil / fat, and the smell of soybean powder is And a method for preventing fermentation inhibition when used as a kneading fat or oil for baking (for example, see Patent Document 2), and 10 to 38% by weight of powder such as starch and 20 to 45% by weight of a fat or oil which is liquid at ordinary temperature. And a method of producing the same. (For example, see Patent Document 3)
[0005]
However, the method described in Patent Document 2 does not describe the specific gravity of the obtained fat or oil composition during the production and the obtained fat or oil composition. -It only states that the physical properties of the obtained fat and oil composition are greatly different for each of the solid fats and oils, but there is no distinction of specific mixing methods and no description of plasticity.
Patent Document 3 describes only liquid fats and oils.
[0006]
In other words, to mix a lot of powder material into fats and oils, and to impart plasticity, a method using liquid oil or a method in which solid fats and oils are heated and melted once at room temperature and dispersed in a powder material, and sufficiently dispersed. After that, there has been no other method than plasticizing after quenching or combining the powdered material and the fats and oils at room temperature, and then performing a high-level treatment such as roller treatment to give a high shearing force.
[0007]
As described above, a large amount of powder material is uniformly dispersed in fats and oils, and the fat and oil composition having plasticity in a wide temperature range without using special equipment such as quenching plasticization or roller treatment. In any case, no simple production method has been found.
[0008]
Here, there is still another problem when the fat or oil composition in which a powder material is dispersed is used as the fat or oil composition for kneading bakery foods, particularly the fat or oil composition for kneading bread.
For example, in the case of bread, the blending amount of kneaded oil and fat in bread making is as small as 5 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of flour. Therefore, conventionally, since the amount of powder material that can be blended in the kneaded oil or fat is small for the above-mentioned reason, there has been a problem that only a component having an effect of adding even a small amount, such as a powdered enzyme preparation or a paste, can be blended.
[0009]
Therefore, the reason that a large amount of powder material is contained in the fat and oil for baking is the limitation of the amount of the powder material in the fat and oil, the limit of the amount of the fat and oil blended during baking, and the physical property of having to have plasticity. It was very difficult in the triple sense of the surface limits.
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-63-39546 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-59-118034 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-10-51
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, special equipment such as quenching plasticizing and roller hanging is used for plastic fats and oils compositions in which the powder material is uniformly dispersed in large quantities and has plasticity over a wide temperature range, especially for fats and oils compositions for bread kneading. Even without this, there has been a demand for a simple manufacturing method.
[0011]
[Means for solving the problem]
The plastic oil composition of the present invention, when producing a plastic oil composition by dispersing a large amount of powder material in an oil material, once blended 150 parts by weight or less of powder material per 100 parts by weight of oil material. After creaming or whipping, the remaining problem is solved by adding and mixing the remaining powder material.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the method for producing the plastic fat composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
The oily raw material referred to in the present invention means margarine, shortening, liquid oil, liquid shortening, lard, head, mayonnaise, dressing, and the like, and refers to foods and processed foods mainly containing oils and fats, and among them, particularly, the present invention In the above, since a dry material or a low-moisture powder material is dispersed, favorable results can be obtained in margarine, shortening, lard, and head in which the oil phase is a continuous phase. Among them, shortening, lard and head are particularly preferable in that they do not contain water. Here, when using a fat or oil raw material having a low creaming property or whipping property or a fat or oil raw material having no creaming property or whipping property, the confectionery foaming emulsified fat or the emulsifier is added to the present invention. It can be used.
[0013]
In the present invention, examples of oils and fats used in the oil phase of the oily raw material include palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, Olive oil, canola oil, beef tallow, milk fat, lard, cocoa butter, fish oil, whale oil, etc., various vegetable oils and fats, animal fats and oils, and these were subjected to one or more treatments selected from hydrogenation, fractionation and transesterification. It is composed of one or more selected from processed fats and oils.
[0014]
In the present invention, the powder material dispersed in the oily raw material is preferably a powder material having a water content of 15% or less, more preferably 10% or less, such as guar gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan, gum arabic, and alginic acids. , Pectin, xanthan gum, pullulan, tamarind seed gum, psyllium seed gum, thickening stabilizers such as crystalline cellulose, CMC, methylcellulose, agar, glucomannan, gelatin, starches, gelatinized starch, starches such as modified starch, whole milk powder Dairy products such as skim milk powder, cream powder, whey powder, protein-concentrated whey powder, buttermilk powder, sweetened milk powder, prepared milk powder, milk proteins such as casein calcium, casein sodium, whey protein concentrate, and total milk protein, and drying Whole egg, dried Dried eggs such as egg yolk, dried egg white, and various processed egg products, salting agents such as salt and potassium chloride, amylase, protease, amyloglucosidase, pullulanase, pentosanase, cellulase, lipase, phospholipase, catalase, lipoxygenase, ascorbic acid Powdered enzymes such as oxidase, sulfhydryl oxidase, hexose oxidase, glucose oxidase, antioxidants such as powdered tocopherol, powdered tea extract, etc., coloring agents such as powdered β-carotene, powdered caramel, red koji pigment, seasonings , PH adjusters, food preservatives, shelf life improvers, fruits, powdered juices, coffee powder, spices, cocoa powder, cereals such as flour, rice flour, beans, white sugar, granulated sugar, powdered sugar, sucrose, glucose, maple sugar , Fructose, brown sugar, maltose, lactose, cyclo Dextrin, reduced starch saccharified product, reduced sugar polydextrose, reduced lactose, sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol, erythritol, mannitol, powdered syrup, oligosaccharide, xylose, trehalose, fructooligosaccharide, soybean oligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, xylooligosaccharide, arabinose , Palatinose oligosaccharide, agarooligosaccharide, chitin oligosaccharide, nectar oligosaccharide, hemicellulose, isomaltoligosaccharide, maltooligosaccharide, coupling sugar, raffinose, lactulose, theandeoligosaccharide, gentyligosaccharide and other saccharides, citric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid Acids, tartaric acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid, phytic acid, glucono delta lactone, ascorbic acid, etc. and their salts, dried cheese powder, ground nuts, dried vegetables End, meat, foods such as fish and shellfish material, flavoring agents, pollen, bulbs, include flowers such and its processed products, such as plant seeds. Of these food materials, those having a water content of 15% or less from the beginning are preferably used as they are, and those having a water content of more than 15% are preferably dried and dehydrated as appropriate. Further, the above-mentioned food materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0015]
In the present invention, the compounding ratio of the oily raw material and the powder material is 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material, and the powder material is 300 parts by weight or more and 500 parts by weight or less, preferably 300 parts by weight or more and 400 parts by weight or less. It is. If the powder material is less than 300 parts by weight, the specific gravity of the obtained oil and fat composition may not be stable, and the oil and fat composition may not show plasticity. It becomes difficult to obtain a fat or oil composition having the same.
[0016]
In the present invention, in the process of dispersing the powder material in the oily raw material, after the powder material is blended with 150 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material and once creamed or whipped, the remaining powder material is further added and mixed. By including the two-step process, it is possible to uniformly disperse a large amount of the powder material in the oily raw material.
Here, when the powder material exceeds 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material at the time of creaming or whipping, it is difficult to contain a gas, and as a result, it is impossible to uniformly disperse a large amount of the powder material. Become.
[0017]
In addition, creaming and whipping are almost synonymous, in which a gas is contained in an oily raw material to generate a colloid in which a gas is dispersed in a solid, and high-speed stirring is performed using a whip machine, a vertical mixer, a kneader, or the like. Refers to the step of containing gas.
[0018]
In addition, dispersing the powder material in the oily raw material refers to a state in which the powder material is in a uniform and smooth state without including a state in which the dispersion of the powder material is uneven or in which the powder material is lumpy or mamako. In this state, the oily raw material is in a state of covering the added powder material, and the oily phase is a continuous phase.
However, when the particle size of the powder material is reduced or the content of the powder material is increased, the total surface area of the powder material is increased. The mixture cannot be coated with a conductive raw material, and the mixture is in the form of powder and granules.
[0019]
Here, when the step of incorporating the gas of the present invention is performed when mixing the powder materials, a large amount of the powder materials can be easily dispersed in a short time. That is, it is possible to obtain a fat and oil composition having a plasticity while containing a large amount of powder material by coating the surface of the bubbles generated by creaming or whipping the fat or oily raw material with a mixer or a whipping machine or the like. It is considered possible.
Typical gases used in the present invention include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, and the like. Other gases that are colorless, odorless, and do not contain any substance that adversely affects the human body are used. But it can be used.
[0020]
As a method for introducing a gas, any apparatus capable of creaming or whipping an oily raw material can be used, and for example, a confectionery bakery machine such as a vertical mixer, a table mixer, and a horizontal mixer can be used. is there. Of course, a foaming device such as a Monde mixer or a whip machine that continuously introduces a gas and stirs and mixes can also be used.
[0021]
The amount of gas introduced by creaming or whipping may be any amount as long as the fat and oil composition of the aerated final product exhibits plasticity, but at the end of creaming or whipping, the gas content is preferably The amount is 30 to 300 ml per 100 g of oily raw material, more preferably 50 to 230 ml per 100 g of oily raw material, and most preferably 60 to 150 ml per 100 g of oily raw material. Here, at the end of the creaming or whipping, if the gas content is less than 30 ml, the effect of improving the mixing property of the powder material cannot be obtained. If the gas content exceeds 300 ml, the introduced bubbles become unstable and phenomena such as defoaming occur. Is more likely to occur.
[0022]
Here, when the plastic oil / fat composition of the present invention, which is the final product, maintains a specific amount of the gas introduced by creaming or whipping, a further effect of improving plasticity can be obtained. That is, the gas content of the final product is preferably 20 to 100 ml per 100 g of the oily raw material, more preferably 20 to 60 ml per 100 g of the oily raw material, and most preferably 20 to 50 ml per 100 g of the oily raw material. Here, if the gas content of the plastic fat composition is less than 20 ml, the composition exhibits properties close to a granular material, the plasticity is not sufficient, and there is a possibility that the composition becomes a hard fat composition. There is no stiffness in the composition, and the introduced bubbles become unstable, and a phenomenon such as defoaming easily occurs during storage, resulting in an unstable fat or oil composition.
[0023]
Here, the following formula is used to calculate the gas content in the fat or oil composition. First, the specific gravity of the oil-and-fat composition containing gas is measured, and the value is set to A.
Next, the oil-and-fat composition containing the gas was heated to 70 ° C. or higher, and further degassed under a reduced-pressure environment was obtained as a control. The specific gravity was measured, and this specific gravity was designated as B.
The value obtained by the following equation using A and B is defined as the gas content (unit = ml / oil and fat raw material 100 g).
Gas content =
[(B−A) ÷ B] ÷ [A × (weight% of oily raw material ÷ weight% of total raw material)] × 100
[0024]
The plastic fat composition obtained in this way can be used for foods in general, but is particularly suitably used for kneading bakery foods. Above all, it is suitably used for bread kneading, and more preferably as a bread kneading fat / oil composition containing a bread improving component.
[0025]
The bread-making improving component in the present invention includes ascorbic acid, potassium bromate, oxidizing agents such as glucose oxidase, reducing agents such as cysteine hydrochloride and glutathione, glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and propylene glycol fatty acid. Ester, glycerin organic acid fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin condensed ricinoleate, emulsifier such as calcium stearoyl lactate, sodium stearoyl lactate, lecithin, amylase, enzyme preparation such as protease, gelatinized starch, phosphoric acid cross-linked starch, It is a powder material that can improve the bread making effect, such as starch and cereal flour such as soy flour, powdered sugar, dextrin, sugars such as powdered starch syrup, and inorganic salts such as calcium chloride and potassium chloride. In the present invention, components that improve oil solubility, such as an emulsifier, and components that exhibit an effect in a very small amount, such as ascorbic acid, can be included in an oil-based raw material that is a starting raw material. According to the present invention, in the past, powder materials that had to be added in large amounts in order to obtain the effect of improving bread making, for example, powdered sugars, inorganic salts, and flours, were also concerned about fermentation inhibition and inhibition of gluten development. Bread making is possible without doing.
[0026]
The amount of the fat or oil composition for kneading of the present invention added to the bakery dough is preferably 2 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the raw material flour.
[0027]
Next, baking such as baking, frying, steaming, etc. is performed by using a dough into which the oil or fat composition for kneading of the present invention has been kneaded, to produce a bakery food.
[0028]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0029]
(Example 1)
A plastic oil composition of the present invention was produced as follows using the oily raw material and powder material having the following composition.
210 parts by weight of shortening (specific gravity 0.8) (containing 14 ml of nitrogen / 100 g of shortening as a gas) adjusted to 20 ° C. was creamed at a high speed for 15 minutes using a hard mixer (Kanto mixer) equipped with a beater. . Here, the specific gravity was 0.3, and the gas was 223 ml in 100 g of shortening. Further, 200 parts by weight of purified glucose containing hydrous crystals and 270 parts by weight of sodium chloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at a low speed for 2 minutes. Next, 90 parts by weight of skim milk powder, 1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, and 9 parts by weight of xanthan gum were added, and low-speed stirring was performed for 2 minutes. Finally, 220 parts by weight of granulated sugar was added, and the mixture was stirred at a medium speed for 2 minutes to obtain a plastic fat composition of the present invention. The obtained plastic fat composition had good plasticity at a product temperature of 25 ° C. The specific gravity of the obtained plastic oil composition was 1.06, and the powder material contained was 376 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material when calculated taking into account the weight of the added powder material. Then, the plastic fat composition obtained here was heated to 70 ° C. or higher, and further degassed under a reduced pressure environment, and the specific gravity was measured to be 1.27. Therefore, the gas content determined from the above formula was 74 ml / 100 g of oily raw material.
[0030]
(Comparative Example 1)
An oil / fat composition was obtained by the compounding method of Example 1, except that the creaming step of 15 minutes of shortening was omitted in the compounding method of Example 1. On the way, 200 parts by weight of purified hydrated crystalline glucose and 270 parts by weight of sodium chloride were added, and when the mixture was stirred at a low speed for 2 minutes, the powder was still in a granular state, and thereafter did not exhibit plasticity. The obtained oil-and-fat composition was in the form of powder and granules, had lumps, partially had a lump of a powder material, and was in a state in which the melted oil and fat bleeds to the surface. Further, it had poor binding properties and brittle physical properties, and did not have plasticity. The specific gravity was 1.22, and when calculated taking into account the weight of the added powder material, the contained powder material was 376 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material. Then, the oil and fat composition obtained here was heated to 70 ° C. or higher, and further degassed under a reduced pressure environment, and the specific gravity was measured to be 1.27. Therefore, the gas content determined from the above formula was 15.3 ml / 100 g of oily raw material.
[0031]
(Comparative Example 2)
An oil / fat composition was obtained by the compounding method of Example 1 except that the shortening content was reduced to 150 parts by weight in the compounding method of Example 1. The powder material was 526 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material. 200 parts by weight of purified hydrated glucose and 270 parts by weight of sodium chloride were added, and the mixture was kept at a low-speed stirring for 2 minutes. The obtained oil and fat composition was in the form of powder and granules, and had no plasticity at all. The specific gravity was 1.23, and when calculated taking into account the weight of the added powder material, the contained powder material was 527 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material. Then, the oil and fat composition obtained here was heated to 70 ° C. or higher, and further degassed under a reduced pressure environment, and the specific gravity was measured to be 1.27. Therefore, the gas content determined from the above formula was 16 ml / 100 g of oily raw material.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The effect of the present invention is to provide a method for easily producing an oil / fat composition in which a large amount of powder material is uniformly dispersed in an oil / fat material and which has plasticity in a wide temperature range.

Claims (5)

油脂性原料100重量部に対し粉末素材が300重量部以上500重量部以下分散してなる可塑性油脂組成物の製造の際に、油脂性原料100重量部あたり粉末素材150重量部以下を配合していったんクリーミングまたはホイッピングした後、さらに残りの粉末素材を添加混合することを特徴とする可塑性油脂組成物の製造方法。When producing a plastic fat composition in which the powder material is dispersed in 300 parts by weight or more and 500 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material, the powder material is mixed with 150 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of the oily raw material. A method for producing a plastic oil / fat composition, which comprises once creaming or whipping and then adding and mixing the remaining powder material. 請求項1記載の製造法によって得られた、可塑性油脂組成物。A plastic fat composition obtained by the production method according to claim 1. 油脂性原料100gに対し気体を20ml以上100ml以下含有することを特徴とする請求項2記載の可塑性油脂組成物。3. The plastic fat composition according to claim 2, wherein the composition contains gas in an amount of 20 ml or more and 100 ml or less per 100 g of the oily raw material. ベーカリー食品練込用であることを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の可塑性油脂組成物。The plastic fat composition according to claim 2 or 3, which is used for kneading bakery foods. 粉末素材の一部、または全部が製パン改良成分であることを特徴とする請求項2〜4記載の可塑性油脂組成物。The plastic fat composition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a part or all of the powder material is a bread making component.
JP2002297755A 2002-10-10 2002-10-10 Method for producing flexible oil and fat composition Pending JP2004129578A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009543562A (en) * 2006-07-19 2009-12-10 グレイン フーズ シーアールシー リミテッド Spread food and manufacturing method thereof
JP2010200696A (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-16 Adeka Corp W/o-type emulsified oil-and-fat composition to be kneaded in bread dough
JP2014000059A (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-01-09 Adeka Corp Bread dough

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009543562A (en) * 2006-07-19 2009-12-10 グレイン フーズ シーアールシー リミテッド Spread food and manufacturing method thereof
JP2010200696A (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-16 Adeka Corp W/o-type emulsified oil-and-fat composition to be kneaded in bread dough
JP2014000059A (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-01-09 Adeka Corp Bread dough

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