JP2004129564A - Method for fattening japanese cow - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for fattening Japanese cow capable of fully exerting fattening effect by ovariectomy regardless of species thereof. <P>SOLUTION: The method for fattening Japanese cow includes extracting the ovary of the cow about 9-11 months after birth if the cow is of pure breed, while about 6-8 months after birth if the cow is of cross breed ≥50% in the genetic proportion of purebred Japanese cow. Thus, this method is capable of fully exerting fattening effect by ovariectomy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００２４】
図２は、黒毛和種牛の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。図２から明らかなように、和種牛が純粋種の場合には、摘出は、生後約９〜約１１ケ月齢の間に行うことが好ましいことがわかる。
【００２５】
（肥育例２）
Ａグループ
純粋種の黒毛和種牛とホルスタイン種牛とを交配させて産まれた純粋種の黒毛和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％である交雑種の未経産雌牛（３３頭）であって、表２に示すように、６、９、１２ケ月齢で、左右の卵巣を、前述した図１に示す卵巣摘出器具を用いて摘出した後、交雑種の雌牛の肥育で用いる通常の飼料を給与して生後２５ケ月齢まで肥育を行って出荷した（出荷時の雌牛の平均体重６７８．７ｋｇ）。
出荷した上記交雑種の未経産雌牛について、その枝肉の重量を測定しところ、下記の表２に示すとおりの結果であった。
【００２６】
【表２】

【００２７】
Ｂグループ
純粋種の黒毛和種牛とホルスタイン種牛とを交配させて産まれた純粋種の黒毛和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％である交雑種の未経産雌牛（６頭）であって、表３に示すように、６、７ケ月齢で、左右の卵巣を、前述した図１に示す卵巣摘出具を用いて摘出した後、交雑種の雌牛の肥育で用いる通常の飼料を給与して生後２５ケ月齢まで肥育を行って出荷した（出荷時の雌牛の平均体重７８２．５ｋｇ）。
出荷した上記交雑種の未経産雌牛について、その枝肉の重量を測定しところ、下記の表３に示すとおりの結果であった。
【００２８】
【表３】

【００２９】
図３は、交雑種の和種牛（Ａ，Ｂグループ）の摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
図３から明らかなように、和種牛が純粋種の和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％以上である交雑種の場合には、摘出は、生後約６〜約８ケ月齢の間に行うことが好ましいことがわかる。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、和種牛が純粋種の場合には、卵巣の摘出を生後約９〜１１ケ月齢の間に行い、和種牛が純粋種の和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％以上である交雑種の場合には、卵巣の摘出を生後約６〜８ケ月齢の間に行うようにしたので、卵巣摘出による肥育効果を充分に発揮させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明による肥育方法に適した卵巣摘出器具の一例を示す図である。
【図２】黒毛和種牛の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
【図３】交雑種の和種牛（Ａ，Ｂグループ）の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
１　卵巣摘出器具[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for fattening a Japanese cow such as a pure Japanese beef and a crossbred Japanese beef in which the gene ratio of the pure Japanese beef is 50% or more.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for fattening a Japanese cow of this type, for example, the ovaries of either a pure Japanese cow or a hybrid Japanese cow having a gene ratio of 50% or more of the pure Japanese cow are extracted. It is known that fattening is performed (for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-168326 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technique, there is a problem that the carcass weight expected cannot be obtained depending on the type of the cow even though the ovaries are removed.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of fattening a Japanese cow that can sufficiently exert the fattening effect by ovariectomy regardless of the type of the cow.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is a fattening method of a Japanese cow in which the ovaries of a Japanese cow are excised and fattened. A method for fattening a Japanese cow, wherein the method is performed between about 9 to 11 months of age.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 is a fattening method for a Japanese cow in which the ovaries of a Japanese cow are excised and fattened, wherein the Japanese cattle is a cross breed in which the gene ratio of a pure Japanese cow is 50% or more. Is a method for fattening a Japanese cow, wherein the extirpation is performed during the age of about 6 to 8 months after birth.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The fattening method of the present invention is carried out on either a pure breed Japanese cow or a crossbred Japanese bull having a gene ratio of the pure breed Japanese cow of 50% or more.
Here, in the present specification, the term “Japanese beef” simply includes both a pure Japanese beef and a hybrid Japanese beef in which the gene ratio of the pure Japanese beef is 50% or more. The term “Japanese cow” includes both pure Japanese cows and Japanese cows in which the gene ratio of pure Japanese cows is 50% or more.
[0008]
The pure breed Japanese beef referred to in the present invention means any of a Japanese black breed, a brown breed, a Japanese shorthorn breed, and a Japanese hornless breed. % Or more refers to a crossbred Japanese cow having a gene ratio of 50% or more derived from one or more of the above-mentioned pure-type Japanese cows.
[0009]
Although not limited, typical examples of crossbred Japanese cows having a gene ratio of 50% or more in purebred Japanese cattle used for performing the fattening method of the present invention include (1) pure cows A crossbred Japanese cow (first hybrid; F1) cow having a 50% gene ratio of a purebred Japanese cow obtained from a Japanese cow of another species and a cow of another species;
(2) A crossbred Japanese beef obtained from a purebred Japanese beef and the crossbred Japanese beef (1st hybrid; F1) of the above (1), wherein the gene proportion of the purebred Japanese beef is 75% (The second generation of hybrid; F2) cows;
In the above (2), in order to obtain a crossbred Japanese beef (Hybrid 2nd generation; F2) in which the gene ratio of the purebred Japanese beef is 75%, the purebred Japanese beef breed used as a parent cow is , Even if it is the same as the breed of the Japanese bull used to obtain the first breed (F1) cross-breed Japanese beef (the cross-breed Japanese beef), the so-called "backcross" ) Or different varieties.
In order to obtain the cows of the Japanese cattle of the crosses (1) and (2) described above, normal crossing, artificial insemination, or artificial fertilization of the ovum taken out from the ovary of the cow (so-called in vitro fertilization) ), Etc. may be used.
[0010]
Among the above-mentioned Japanese cows, the fattening method of the present invention is applied to a pure black Japanese cow or a crossbred Japanese cow whose gene ratio is 50% or more. In particular, it is possible to obtain those Japanese black cows, which are particularly effective and have improved meat quality, with good productivity by mass fattening while achieving a large weight gain while keeping the difference between individuals low. it can.
[0011]
In the present invention, the Japanese cow for which ovaries are removed may be a heifer that has not calved the calf, or may be a heifer that has calved the calf.
[0012]
Ovariectomy can be performed before or during the fattening period, but in order to prevent the growth of Japanese cows from being inhibited by ovarian removal, and to fully exert the fattening effect of ovariectomy. If the Japanese cow is a pure breed, it is preferable to perform the extirpation between about 9 to 11 months of age. If the Japanese cow is a cross breed in which the gene ratio of the pure Japanese cow is 50% or more, Preferably, the excision is performed between about 6 to about 8 months of age.
[0013]
The method of removing ovaries from a Japanese cow is not particularly limited as long as it does not seriously damage the cow body (maternal body) or hinder growth of the cow. In particular, in removing the ovaries, as an ovarian removal tool, cut the ovarian tissue while keeping the blood vessels to the ovaries crushed by temporarily tightening the biological connecting tubing such as the blood vessels connecting the ovaries and the uterus. It is particularly preferable to use an ovariectomy device that can remove the ovaries and, in some cases, can administer a drug solution into the abdominal cavity or the like after ovariectomy. A preferred embodiment thereof includes a method of removing ovaries from breeding cows and fattening them.
[0014]
As the oophorectomy device having the above-mentioned function, an ovaries extraction device of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-80310 filed by the present applicant is preferably used.
The ovariectomy device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-80310 has an outer tube having an opening at a tip and an opening at a side surface, a turning device at a tip and having an opening on the side surface having the same shape as the outer tube. An inner tube slidably inserted into the outer tube; and an inner tube that slides inside the inner tube to cut the outer ovarian tissue when the communication hole is closed by the sliding of the inner tube. An ovariectom is slidably inserted into the tube.
[0015]
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned ovariectomy device has an outer tube 10 having an opening 11 at the tip and an ovary sampling port 12 and a support handle 13 at the side, and a vaginal wall perforation at the tip. The vaginal wall piercing device 21 has an ovary housing 22 at a rear portion thereof, an ovarian sampling port 23 and a handle 24 for crushing blood vessels on the side surface, and is smaller than the support handle 13 of the outer tube 10. An inner tube 20 to which a vaginal wall perforating work handle 25 is fixed at the rear, and an ovary to which an ovariectomy blade 31 is fixed at a tip and an ovariectomy pressing plate 32 is attached to a rear end protruding rearward from the inner tube 20. It is provided with an excision tube 30, and preferably further has a means (a drug solution inlet 34 and a drug solution outlet 35) capable of administering a drug solution into the abdominal cavity or the like after ovariectomy. For vaginal wall perforation work The structural feature that the distance between the handle 25 and the distance between the support handle 13 and the blood vessel crushing handle 24 is set to a distance that can be gripped between the operator's thumb and other fingers, respectively. have.
[0016]
When the ovaries are removed using the above-mentioned ovarian removal tool, the support handle 13 and the handle 25 for perforating the vaginal wall are grasped with one finger and approached, so that the vagina at the tip of the inner tube 20 is moved. The wall piercing device 21 projects from the distal opening 11 of the outer tube 10 to pierce the vaginal wall, and the oophorectomy device is protruded from the hole into the abdominal cavity, and the ovarian sampling ports 12 and 23 of the outer tube 10 and the inner tube 20 are removed. The inner tube 20 slides inside the outer tube 10 by inserting the finger into the abdominal cavity and approaching the gap between the support handle 13 and the blood vessel crushing work handle 24 with one hand, thereby collecting the ovaries of the outer tube 10. The mouth 12 and the ovary collection port 23 of the inner tube 20 move relatively, and the communication holes of both the ovary collection ports 12 and 23 gradually close to connect to the ovaries stored in the inner tube 20. The extra-ovarian tissue, such as the open blood vessels, is The ovariectomy tube 30 is advanced in the inner tube 20 by pressing the ovariectomy pressing plate 32 against the abdomen or the like of the operator and pressing the ovariectomy pressing tube 32 against the ovary. While holding down the blood vessel, the ovary resection blade 31 is advanced to cut the ovarian tissue to remove the ovary.
The more detailed structure and operation method are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-80310.
[0017]
In carrying out the present invention, when the ovaries of a Japanese cow are removed using an ovarian removal tool as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-80310 filed by the present applicant, the cutting device (cutting blade) is rotated. The living tissue is cut near the ovaries and the ovaries are resected. The conventional method used in the method described in “Livestock Medicine” No. 323, pp. 34-37 (May, 1990). As compared with the case of using an ovariectomy device (KIMBERLING-RUPPSPAY DEVICE) and a conventional ovariectomy device described in JP-A-3-247331.
(I) The ovaries are removed in a short time, and the ovaries are removed with little damage to living tissues and little bleeding and pain, so that the cows are not stressed and their meat quality and weight gain are reduced. Become better,
(Ii) In addition, since the ovaries can be easily and reliably removed, the ovaries can be completely removed without failure at the time of removal of the ovaries. A part of the ovaries remains in the living body, there is no danger of regenerating, the meat quality and weight gain become even better,
This is an extremely excellent effect.
[0018]
In the present invention, the Japanese cows may be fattened one by one before and after the ovaries are removed (single feeding), but in order to sufficiently achieve the object of the present invention, It is preferable that several to several dozens of Japanese cows after ovaries are removed are collectively fattened in a group by enclosing them with a fence (group feeding).
In the case of group feeding, even if only pure breed Japanese cows are fattened together, only breeding Japanese dairy cows having a gene ratio of 50% or more of pure breed Japanese cows are fattened together Alternatively, a pure breed Japanese cow and a pure breed Japanese cow with a gene ratio of 50% or more may be fattened together.
In particular, in the case of the present invention, there is no need to worry about riding on other cows due to estrus even when the animals are group-fed, so that the number of accidents and stress is reduced and the animals are in a state suitable for group-fed production. The performance is improved.
[0019]
Any known fattening methods and feeds conventionally used for Japanese cows can be used for the method for fattening and feeding for Japanese cows after ovaries are removed. The Japanese cows fattened by the method of the present invention can be shipped in the same manner as the Japanese cows fattened by the conventional method. Since the fat can be fattened to the same weight as before, in some cases, it may be shipped earlier as a beef cow than before.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and the like, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
[0021]
(Example of fattening 1)
A purebred Japanese Black heifer heifer, as shown in Table 1, at 9 to 15 months of age, after the left and right ovaries were excised using the ovarian excision device shown in FIG. A normal feed used for fattening Japanese black cows was fed and fattened until the age of 30 months after birth before shipping (mean weight of the cow at the time of shipment 625.8 kg).
In addition, in order to remove the ovaries using the above-mentioned ovaries removal device, it is necessary to make a hand from the anus. However, pure black Japanese cattle cannot be removed at the age of 6 to 8 months due to their small size.
The carcass weight of the heifer of the Japanese Black cattle shipped was measured in the following manner, and the results were as shown in Table 1 below.
[0022]
[Weight of carcass]
The weight of the carcass obtained by disassembling the slaughtered cow (peeling, cutting the head, cutting off the internal organs, cutting the forelimbs, cutting the hindlimbs, cutting the tail, cutting the carcass) is measured as it is.
In addition, as an evaluation method, evaluation regarding meat quality and evaluation regarding weight are possible, but the former employs an evaluation method regarding weight because the former has factors that depend on the type of food, breeding environment, and the like. .
[0023]
[Table 1]

[0024]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and the average carcass weight of Japanese Black cattle. As is clear from FIG. 2, when the Japanese cow is a pure breed, it is preferable to perform the extirpation between about 9 to about 11 months of age.
[0025]
(Example of fattening 2)
Group A: A crossbred heifer (33 cows) having a 50% gene ratio of a pure Japanese Black cow produced by crossing a pure Japanese Black cow and a Holstein cow. As shown in Table 2, at 6-, 9-, and 12-months-old, the left and right ovaries were excised using the above-described oophorectomy device shown in FIG. 1, and then a normal feed used for fattening of crossbred cows was used. They were fed and fattened until the age of 25 months after birth and shipped (average weight of the cow at the time of shipment was 678.7 kg).
The carcass weight of the crossbred heifers shipped was measured, and the results were as shown in Table 2 below.
[0026]
[Table 2]

[0027]
Group B Crossbred heifers (6 cows) having a 50% gene ratio of a pure Japanese Black cow produced by crossing a pure Japanese Black cow and a Holstein cow. As shown in Table 3, at 6 and 7 months of age, the left and right ovaries were excised using the oophorectomy device shown in FIG. 1 described above, and then fed with normal feed used for fattening of crossbred cows. The animals were fattened until 25 months of age and shipped (average weight of cow at the time of shipment: 782.5 kg).
The weight of the carcass of the hybrid heifers that were shipped was measured, and the results were as shown in Table 3 below.
[0028]
[Table 3]

[0029]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age of extraction and the average carcass weight of crossbred Japanese cattle (Groups A and B).
As is evident from FIG. 3, when the Japanese cattle is a crossbred whose pure gene Japanese cattle has a gene ratio of 50% or more, it is preferable to perform the excision between about 6 to about 8 months of age. You can see that.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the Japanese bull is a pure breed, the ovaries are removed between about 9 to 11 months of age, and the gene ratio of the pure breed Japanese bull is reduced. In the case of a hybrid of 50% or more, the ovaries are removed during the age of about 6 to 8 months after birth, so that the effect of fattening by ovaries removal can be sufficiently exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of an ovariectomy device suitable for a fattening method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and the average carcass weight of Japanese Black cattle.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and the average carcass weight of crossbred Japanese cows (Groups A and B).
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Ovariectomy device

Claims (2)

In a fattening method of a Japanese cow in which the ovaries of a Japanese cow are removed and fattened,
If the Japanese cow is a pure breed, performing the extirpation between about 9 to 11 months of age;
A fattening method for Japanese cows, characterized by the following. In a fattening method of a Japanese cow in which the ovaries of a Japanese cow are removed and fattened,
In the case where the Japanese cow is a crossbred whose pure gene Japanese cow has a gene ratio of 50% or more, the extirpation is performed during about 6 to 8 months of age,
A fattening method for Japanese cows, characterized by the following.

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