JP2004125282A - Power source device of air conditioner - Google Patents

Power source device of air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004125282A
JP2004125282A JP2002290066A JP2002290066A JP2004125282A JP 2004125282 A JP2004125282 A JP 2004125282A JP 2002290066 A JP2002290066 A JP 2002290066A JP 2002290066 A JP2002290066 A JP 2002290066A JP 2004125282 A JP2004125282 A JP 2004125282A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
air conditioner
voltage
compressor
power supply
switch means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2002290066A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masashi Arakawa
荒川 政志
Akihiro Kyogoku
京極 章弘
Eiji Goto
後藤 英二
Hirobumi Noma
野間 博文
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002290066A priority Critical patent/JP2004125282A/en
Publication of JP2004125282A publication Critical patent/JP2004125282A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly efficient air conditioner by switching a voltage doubler rectifier circuit and a full wave rectification circuit according to a rotating speed of a compressor of an air conditioner, rotating the compressor by low voltage at low rotation time, and boosting voltage at high rotation time. <P>SOLUTION: This air conditioner is provided with a SW 25 connected between one input end of a bridge rectifying circuit 16 and a junction of capacitors 17 and 18, a SW 26 connected between the other input end of the bridge rectifying circuit 16 and the junction of the capacitors 17 and 18 and a means for detecting the rotating speed of the compressor of the air conditioner, and is put in a full wave rectification mode by control of the SW 25 and the SW 26 at low rotation time by information on the rotating speed of this compressor, and is operated in a voltage doubler rectifier mode at high rotation time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電源回路を制御する制御手段で、その制御手段を搭載した空気調和機に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の技術を図4を用いて説明する。従来の空気調和機では高効率、低価格を実現する電源回路として以下に示すような技術が考案されている。図4に示す電源装置では、商用電源1をリアクタ2を介して直流に整流する整流回路3と、整流回路3の入力端間に接続されその入力端間を短絡/遮断するスイッチSW6と、整流回路3を構成するダイオードブリッジの中点と倍電圧整流用コンデンサ4、5間の接続点との間に接続され、その間を短絡/遮断するスイッチSW7とを備えている。
【0003】
この電源装置では、スイッチSW6のオン、オフをパルス幅(PWM)制御することにより力率改善及び昇圧機能を実現している。さらに、スイッチSW7のオン、オフにより全波整流と倍電圧整流との切換を行なうことにより出力電圧の可変範囲を拡大している。これにより負荷8の大きさによりSW6、SW7を制御することで倍電圧整流モードと全波整流モードを切り替えることにより、出力電圧の可変範囲を拡大している(例えば特許文献1参照)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−188867号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、図4に示す電源装置では、スイッチSW6をパルス幅制御しており、この際スイッチSW7による全波整流と倍電圧整流との切換時において出力電圧の変動が大きくなる。つまり、動作モードの切換直前の出力電圧と、切換直後の出力電圧との間の電圧差が大きいという問題がある。そのため空気調和機を制御する場合においては圧縮機駆動時に安定した駆動を損なう可能性がある。
【0006】
本発明は上記課題を解決すべくなされたものであり、その目的とするところは圧縮機の安定した駆動を行ないつつ、高効率の空気調和機を実現することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の空気調和機の電源装置は、リアクタを介して交流電源に接続し、交流電源電圧を直流電圧に変換する整流回路と、直列に接続した複数のコンデンサからなるコンデンサ回路を有し、コンデンサ回路は整流回路の2つの出力端間に接続し、整流回路の一方の入力端と、コンデンサ回路内のコンデンサ間の一つの接続点との間に接続された第1のスイッチ手段と、整流回路の他方の入力端と、コンデンサ回路内のコンデンサ間の接続点との間に接続された第2のスイッチ手段を有し、コンデンサ回路の直流電圧を交流電圧に変換するインバータとこのインバータ回路で駆動される圧縮機から構成され、第1のスイッチ手段と第2のスイッチ方法は圧縮機の回転数により制御し、電源回路を圧縮機の回転数に応じて倍電圧整流モードと全波整流モードの切り替えを行なう。
【0008】
また、第1のスイッチ手段と第2のスイッチ手段の制御方法は、空気調和機の入力電流によって電源回路を圧縮機の回転数に応じて倍電圧整流モードと全波整流モードの切り替えを行なってもよい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、添付の図面を参照して本発明に係る電源装置の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
【0010】
(実施の形態1)
図1と図2を用いて説明する。図1は本発明に係るインバ−タエアコンの構成の第1の実施の形態を示している。図1に示したインバ−タエアコンのコンバ−タは、4つのダイオード12〜15で形成されたブリッジ整流回路16と、交流電源11と、倍電圧整流用のコンデンサ17,18とブリッジ整流回路16の各ハーフブリッジと倍電圧整流用コンデンサ17,18の接続点とを接続するSW26とSW25と空気調和機の圧縮機モータ19を備えている。交流電源11とブリッジ整流回路16の交流入力端との間にはリアクタ24が接続されている。
【0011】
また、ブリッジ整流回路16の出力側には倍電圧整流用のコンデンサ17、18が直列に接続されておりブリッジ整流回路16の出力端と接続されている。さらに圧縮機モータ19の回転数を検知している圧縮機速度検知手段20を有している。
【0012】
以上の回路で構成された空気調和機について動作を説明する。まず、SW25のオン・オフの状態によって倍電圧整流回路と全波整流回路の2つのモードを切り換える。次にSW26をPWM制御し、ブリッジ整流回路16の出力を昇圧している。SW25がオンしている倍電圧整流モードにてSW26をPWM制御することによって、ブリッジ整流回路16の出力を電源電圧の2√2倍以上の電圧に制御することができる。
【0013】
また、SW25がオフしている全波整流モードにてSW26をPWM制御することによって、ブリッジ整流回路16の出力を電源電圧の√2から2√2倍の電圧に制御することができる。実動作では、ブリッジ整流回路16等の電圧降下にて若干√2倍より低下するが本説明では省略する。
【0014】
ところで、近年の空気調和機の省エネ化に伴ない、圧縮機モータ19の低損失化が求められている。圧縮機モータ19の効率は、ブリッジ整流回路16の出力電圧が低いほうが圧縮機モータ19の効率が良くなるが出力電圧が低いと高回転まで動作させることができない。
【0015】
また、特に空気調和機の場合には、空気調和機の負荷が重い場合には圧縮機が高回転で動作しているとは断定できない場合がある。そこで圧縮機モータ19の回転数を圧縮機速度検知手段20により検知して、高電圧の必要のない低い回転数で動作させる場合にはSW25をオフに固定して全波整流モードで動作させ、SW26でパルス幅制御を行なって圧縮機モータ19を駆動し、高電圧の必要な高い回転数で動作させる場合にはSW25をオンに固定して倍電圧整流モードで動作させ、SW26でパルス幅制御を行なって圧縮機モータ19を駆動するようにSW25とSW26のオン・オフ制御を行う。
【0016】
また、図2では本発明でのSW25とSW26の切り換え時のブリッジ整流回路16の出力電圧の動きをグラフ化している。横軸には時間、縦軸にはその時のブリッジ整流回路16の出力電圧を表している。図2のグラフでブリッジ整流回路の出力電圧を方向27のように、昇圧する際には、SW26のDutyが100%となった後、SW25の切り換えの直前にSW26のDutyを0%にし、SW25を切り換える。またブリッジ整流回路の出力電圧を方向28のように、降圧する際には、SW25の切り換えの直前にSW26のDutyを0%にし、SW25の切り換え直後にはSW26のDutyを100%にする。以上の制御を行なうことにより昇圧・降圧時ともにSW25の切り換え前後での出力電圧変動を空気調和機の負荷状態と無関係に抑えることが出来る。
【0017】
また、図2に示すように従来例の方式では、SW6のDutyが負荷によって変動するため一定値とならず、電圧降下時には適当なDutyに設定せざるを得ず、出力電圧変動が発生してしまうが、本発明では出力電圧変動が発生しないものである。
【0018】
以上のように空気調和機の電源装置を2つのモードに切り替えて空気調和機を制御することによって圧縮機モータ19の効率を向上させて、その結果として空気調和機の性能をアップさせることができる。
【0019】
(実施の形態2)
図3は図1に総合電流検出手段22を追加したものである。以上の構成により空気調和機の総合電流を検出し、ある設定値以下の電流値の場合には、必要な電圧に応じてSW25をオフに固定して全波整流モードで動作させ、SW26でパルス幅制御を行なって圧縮機モータ19を駆動し、総合電流がある設定値以上の電流値の場合には、SW25をオンに固定して倍電圧整流モードで動作させ、SW26でパルス幅制御を行なって圧縮機モータ19を駆動するようにSW25とSW26のオン・オフ制御を行なって圧縮機モータ19を駆動するものである。
【0020】
以上の動作により、あらゆる回転数に対して最適な出力電圧を得ることができ、圧縮機モータ19の駆動効率を向上させることができる。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明の空気調和機の電源装置によれば、低電圧で圧縮機を駆動することを可能とし、かつ、倍電圧整流と全波整流の切り換え時の直流電圧変動を抑制でき、圧縮機の駆動効率を向上させ、かつ、空気調和機の高効率化を実現することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態1における空気調和機の構成図
【図2】本発明の実施の形態1におけるブリッジ整流回路出力とスイッチ手段の関係図
【図3】本発明の実施の形態2における空気調和機の構成図
【図4】従来の空気調和機の電源装置の一例に係わる構成図
【符号の説明】
1、11 交流電源
2、24 リアクタ
3、16 ブリッジ整流回路
4、5、17、18 コンデンサ
8 負荷
12、13、14、15 ダイオード
19 圧縮機モータ
20 圧縮機速度検知手段
21 圧縮機駆動手段
22 総合電流検知手段
23 制御手段
27 昇圧時のブリッジ整流回路の出力電圧方向
28 降圧時のブリッジ整流回路の出力電圧方向
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to control means for controlling a power supply circuit, and relates to an air conditioner equipped with the control means.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional technique will be described with reference to FIG. In a conventional air conditioner, the following technology has been devised as a power supply circuit for realizing high efficiency and low cost. In the power supply device shown in FIG. 4, a rectifier circuit 3 for rectifying the commercial power supply 1 to DC through a reactor 2, a switch SW6 connected between the input terminals of the rectifier circuit 3 for short-circuiting / cutting off the input terminals, and a rectifier A switch SW7 is connected between a middle point of the diode bridge constituting the circuit 3 and a connection point between the voltage doubler rectifying capacitors 4 and 5, and short-circuits / cuts off between them.
[0003]
This power supply device realizes a power factor improvement and a boosting function by controlling the ON / OFF of the switch SW6 by a pulse width (PWM). Further, by switching between full-wave rectification and double voltage rectification by turning on and off the switch SW7, the variable range of the output voltage is expanded. Thus, by controlling SW6 and SW7 according to the size of the load 8, switching between the double voltage rectification mode and the full-wave rectification mode expands the variable range of the output voltage (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-188867 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the power supply device shown in FIG. 4, the pulse width of the switch SW6 is controlled. At this time, when the switch SW7 switches between full-wave rectification and voltage doubler rectification, the output voltage fluctuates greatly. That is, there is a problem that a voltage difference between the output voltage immediately before the switching of the operation mode and the output voltage immediately after the switching is large. Therefore, when controlling the air conditioner, there is a possibility that stable driving is impaired when the compressor is driven.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize a highly efficient air conditioner while stably driving a compressor.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The power supply device for an air conditioner of the present invention has a rectifier circuit that is connected to an AC power supply via a reactor, converts an AC power supply voltage into a DC voltage, and a capacitor circuit including a plurality of capacitors connected in series. A circuit connected between two output terminals of the rectifier circuit, a first switch means connected between one input terminal of the rectifier circuit and one connection point between the capacitors in the capacitor circuit; An inverter for converting a DC voltage of the capacitor circuit into an AC voltage, and an inverter driven by the inverter circuit. The first switch means and the second switch method are controlled by the number of revolutions of the compressor, and the power supply circuit is switched to the double voltage rectification mode and full-wave according to the number of revolutions of the compressor. Perform the switching of the flow mode.
[0008]
Further, the control method of the first switch means and the second switch means is such that the power supply circuit is switched between the voltage doubler rectification mode and the full-wave rectification mode in accordance with the rotation speed of the compressor by the input current of the air conditioner. Is also good.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a power supply device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
(Embodiment 1)
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the configuration of an inverter air conditioner according to the present invention. The converter of the inverter air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 has a bridge rectifier circuit 16 formed of four diodes 12 to 15, an AC power supply 11, capacitors 17 and 18 for voltage rectification, and a bridge rectifier circuit 16. SW26 and SW25 which connect each half bridge to the connection point of the voltage doubler rectifying capacitors 17 and 18 and the compressor motor 19 of the air conditioner are provided. A reactor 24 is connected between the AC power supply 11 and the AC input terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit 16.
[0011]
Further, capacitors 17 and 18 for voltage doubler rectification are connected in series to the output side of the bridge rectifier circuit 16 and connected to the output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit 16. Further, a compressor speed detecting means 20 for detecting the number of rotations of the compressor motor 19 is provided.
[0012]
The operation of the air conditioner configured with the above circuit will be described. First, two modes of the voltage doubler rectifier circuit and the full-wave rectifier circuit are switched according to the ON / OFF state of the SW 25. Next, the SW 26 is PWM-controlled to boost the output of the bridge rectifier circuit 16. By performing the PWM control on the SW 26 in the double voltage rectification mode in which the SW 25 is on, the output of the bridge rectification circuit 16 can be controlled to a voltage of 2√2 or more of the power supply voltage.
[0013]
In addition, by performing the PWM control on the SW 26 in the full-wave rectification mode in which the SW 25 is off, the output of the bridge rectification circuit 16 can be controlled to a voltage that is 2 to 2 times the power supply voltage. In actual operation, the voltage is slightly lower than √2 times due to the voltage drop of the bridge rectifier circuit 16 and the like, but is omitted in this description.
[0014]
By the way, with the recent energy saving of the air conditioner, reduction of the loss of the compressor motor 19 is required. Regarding the efficiency of the compressor motor 19, the lower the output voltage of the bridge rectifier circuit 16 is, the better the efficiency of the compressor motor 19 is. However, if the output voltage is low, the compressor motor 19 cannot be operated up to high rotation.
[0015]
In particular, in the case of an air conditioner, if the load of the air conditioner is heavy, it may not be possible to determine that the compressor is operating at a high rotation. Therefore, the rotation speed of the compressor motor 19 is detected by the compressor speed detection means 20, and when the compressor is operated at a low rotation speed that does not require a high voltage, the SW 25 is fixed to OFF and the operation is performed in the full-wave rectification mode. When the compressor motor 19 is driven by performing the pulse width control with the SW 26, and the motor is operated at a high rotation speed requiring a high voltage, the SW 25 is fixed to ON and operated in the double voltage rectification mode, and the pulse width control is performed with the SW 26 To turn on and off the SW 25 and SW 26 so as to drive the compressor motor 19.
[0016]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the behavior of the output voltage of the bridge rectifier circuit 16 when the SW 25 and the SW 26 are switched according to the present invention. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the output voltage of the bridge rectifier circuit 16 at that time. When boosting the output voltage of the bridge rectifier circuit in the graph of FIG. 2 as indicated by a direction 27, after the duty of the SW 26 becomes 100%, the Duty of the SW 26 is set to 0% immediately before the switching of the SW 25, and the SW 25 Switch. When the output voltage of the bridge rectifier circuit is stepped down as in the direction 28, the duty of the switch 26 is set to 0% immediately before the switch of the switch 25, and the duty of the switch 26 is set to 100% immediately after the switch of the switch 25. By performing the above control, the output voltage fluctuation before and after the switching of the SW 25 can be suppressed regardless of the load state of the air conditioner in both the step-up and step-down.
[0017]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional method, the duty of the switch SW6 fluctuates depending on the load, so that the duty does not become a constant value. When the voltage drops, the duty has to be set to an appropriate duty. However, in the present invention, the output voltage does not fluctuate.
[0018]
As described above, the efficiency of the compressor motor 19 is improved by switching the power supply device of the air conditioner between the two modes to control the air conditioner, and as a result, the performance of the air conditioner can be improved. .
[0019]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is obtained by adding a comprehensive current detecting means 22 to FIG. With the above configuration, the total current of the air conditioner is detected, and when the current value is equal to or less than a certain set value, SW25 is fixed to OFF according to a required voltage to operate in the full-wave rectification mode, and pulse is generated by SW26. Width control is performed to drive the compressor motor 19, and when the total current is equal to or greater than a certain set value, SW25 is fixed to ON to operate in the double voltage rectification mode, and pulse width control is performed by SW26. The on / off control of SW25 and SW26 is performed so as to drive the compressor motor 19 to drive the compressor motor 19.
[0020]
With the above operation, an optimum output voltage can be obtained for all rotation speeds, and the driving efficiency of the compressor motor 19 can be improved.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the power supply device for an air conditioner of the present invention, it is possible to drive the compressor at a low voltage, and to suppress DC voltage fluctuation when switching between voltage doubler rectification and full-wave rectification. In addition, the driving efficiency of the compressor can be improved, and the efficiency of the air conditioner can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a bridge rectifier circuit output and a switch means according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an example of a power supply device for a conventional air conditioner.
1, 11 AC power supply 2, 24 Reactor 3, 16 Bridge rectifier circuit 4, 5, 17, 18 Capacitor 8 Load 12, 13, 14, 15 Diode 19 Compressor motor 20 Compressor speed detecting means 21 Compressor driving means 22 Current detecting means 23 Control means 27 Output voltage direction of bridge rectifier circuit when boosting 28 Output voltage direction of bridge rectifier circuit when stepping down

Claims (2)

リアクタを介して交流電源に接続し、交流電源電圧を直流電圧に変換する整流回路と、直列に接続した複数のコンデンサからなるコンデンサ回路を有し、前記コンデンサ回路は前記整流回路の2つの出力端間に接続し、前記整流回路の一方の入力端と、前記コンデンサ回路内のコンデンサ間の一つの接続点との間に接続された第1のスイッチ手段と、前記整流回路の他方の入力端と、前記コンデンサ回路内のコンデンサ間の前記接続点との間に接続された第2のスイッチ手段を有し、前記コンデンサ回路の直流出力電圧を交流電圧に変換するインバータと、このインバータで駆動される圧縮機から構成され、前記圧縮機が所定の回転数より低回転で動作する場合には一方のスイッチ手段をオフに固定し、もう一方のスイッチ手段を所望の出力電圧となるようにパルス幅制御し、また前記圧縮機が前記所定の回転数以上に設定した回転数以上で動作する場合には一方のスイッチ手段をオンに固定し、もう一方のスイッチ手段を所望の出力電圧となるようにパルス幅制御する制御手段を有することを特徴とした空気調和機の電源装置。A rectifier circuit connected to an AC power supply via a reactor to convert the AC power supply voltage to a DC voltage; and a capacitor circuit including a plurality of capacitors connected in series, wherein the capacitor circuit has two output terminals of the rectifier circuit. A first switch means connected between one input terminal of the rectifier circuit and one connection point between capacitors in the capacitor circuit, and another input terminal of the rectifier circuit. An inverter for converting a DC output voltage of the capacitor circuit into an AC voltage, the inverter having second switch means connected between the capacitor and the connection point between the capacitors in the capacitor circuit, and driven by the inverter When the compressor operates at a lower rotation speed than a predetermined rotation speed, one of the switch means is fixed to OFF and the other switch means is set to a desired output. The pulse width is controlled so as to be a pressure, and when the compressor is operated at a rotation speed equal to or higher than the predetermined rotation speed, one switch is fixed to ON and the other switch is desired. A power supply device for an air conditioner, characterized by comprising a control means for performing pulse width control so that an output voltage of the air conditioner is obtained. 空気調和機の入力電流が所定の電流値より低い場合には、一方のスイッチ手段をオフに固定し、もう一方のスイッチ手段を所望の出力電圧となるようにパルス幅制御し、また入力電流が前記所定の電流値以上に設定した電流値より高い場合には、一方のスイッチ手段をオンに固定し、もう一方のスイッチ手段を所望の出力電圧となるようにパルス幅制御することを特徴とした、請求項1に記載の空気調和機の電源装置。If the input current of the air conditioner is lower than a predetermined current value, one of the switch means is fixed to OFF, the other switch means is pulse width controlled so as to have a desired output voltage, and the input current is When the current value is higher than the predetermined current value or higher, one switch means is fixed to ON, and the other switch means is pulse-width-controlled so that a desired output voltage is obtained. A power supply device for an air conditioner according to claim 1.
JP2002290066A 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 Power source device of air conditioner Withdrawn JP2004125282A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1643631A1 (en) 2004-10-01 2006-04-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit for an air conditioner
CN100466457C (en) * 2005-08-23 2009-03-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Voltage and speed regulating controller for single-phase asynchronous motor and air-conditioner using the same
CN102889668A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-01-23 宁波奥克斯空调有限公司 Method for controlling variable frequency air conditioner under low voltage
CN106839281A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-13 深圳市菲莱克电子有限公司 A kind of control system of split-type air conditioner

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1643631A1 (en) 2004-10-01 2006-04-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit for an air conditioner
JP2006109558A (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Air conditioner
CN100466457C (en) * 2005-08-23 2009-03-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Voltage and speed regulating controller for single-phase asynchronous motor and air-conditioner using the same
CN102889668A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-01-23 宁波奥克斯空调有限公司 Method for controlling variable frequency air conditioner under low voltage
CN106839281A (en) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-13 深圳市菲莱克电子有限公司 A kind of control system of split-type air conditioner

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