JP2004109145A - Extraction device using organic solvent for moisture-containing sample - Google Patents

Extraction device using organic solvent for moisture-containing sample Download PDF

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JP2004109145A
JP2004109145A JP2003371183A JP2003371183A JP2004109145A JP 2004109145 A JP2004109145 A JP 2004109145A JP 2003371183 A JP2003371183 A JP 2003371183A JP 2003371183 A JP2003371183 A JP 2003371183A JP 2004109145 A JP2004109145 A JP 2004109145A
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organic solvent
extraction
sample
water
solvent
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Makoto Shimura
志村 眞
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an extraction device using an organic solvent for a moisture-containing sample, and capable of efficiently extracting, by the solvent, an objective constituent from the sample containing moisture. <P>SOLUTION: This extraction device uses a Soxhlet extraction apparatus having an organic solvent storage vessel; a sample extraction tube linked to the organic solvent storage vessel; and a reflux condenser linked to the sample extraction tube. The extraction device has an organic solvent recovery vessel connected to the organic solvent storage vessel through a linking tube, and an organic solvent suction device connected to the organic solvent recovery vessel, and one end of the linking tube has an opening part of the tube on the bottom part in the organic solvent storage vessel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

 本発明は、水分含有試料を、予め十分乾燥することなく、有機溶媒を用いて試料中の目的成分を抽出することが可能な、水分含有試料の有機溶媒を用いた抽出装置に関する。 {Circle over (2)} The present invention relates to a water-containing sample extracting apparatus using an organic solvent, which is capable of extracting a target component in the sample using an organic solvent without sufficiently drying the water-containing sample in advance.

 土壌、底質(:海底,湖底,河川底の表面を構成する物質)、排水スラッジなどに含まれる有機化合物の定性分析および定量分析は、環境分析として日常的に必要である。 (4) Qualitative and quantitative analyzes of organic compounds contained in soil, sediment (the material that forms the surface of the seabed, lake bottom, and river bottom) and wastewater sludge are routinely required for environmental analysis.

 このため、これらの試料から目的分析成分の有機化合物を取り出すために、通常、有機溶媒を用いて目的成分を抽出することが行われ、このためにソックスレー抽出器などの還流抽出器が用いられている。 For this reason, in order to extract the organic compound of the target analytical component from these samples, the target component is usually extracted using an organic solvent, and for this purpose, a reflux extractor such as a Soxhlet extractor is used. I have.

 還流抽出器の内、特に、ソックスレー抽出器は少量の溶媒で繰り返し抽出が行えるためよく用いられている。 Among the reflux extractors, the Soxhlet extractor, in particular, is often used because it can repeatedly extract with a small amount of solvent.

 抽出溶媒としては、目的に応じて種々の溶媒が用いられるが、試料中の芳香族系有機化合物の分析を目的とする場合には、トルエン,キシレンなどが用いられる。 Various solvents are used as the extraction solvent depending on the purpose. For the purpose of analyzing aromatic organic compounds in the sample, toluene, xylene and the like are used.

 しかし、トルエン,キシレンなどは水と混和しないため、目的とする成分を十分抽出するためには、抽出前に予め試料を十分乾燥して含有水分を除くことが必要である。 However, since toluene, xylene, etc. are immiscible with water, it is necessary to thoroughly dry the sample before extraction to remove the water content in order to fully extract the target components.

 これは、試料中に水分が残留すると、試料表面の水分のために試料と抽出溶媒との接触が阻害されるためである。 This is because if moisture remains in the sample, the contact between the sample and the extraction solvent is hindered by the moisture on the sample surface.

 特に、前記した環境試料の場合、親水性の成分を含んでいるため、抽出中に水分が試料表面に集まる傾向があり、ますます抽出が阻害される。 Especially, in the case of the environmental sample described above, since it contains a hydrophilic component, water tends to collect on the sample surface during extraction, and the extraction is further inhibited.

 上記した親水性の成分を含有する環境試料の特質は、また、試料から水分を完全に除去することを困難とする。 環境 The nature of environmental samples containing hydrophilic components as described above also makes it difficult to completely remove moisture from the sample.

 一方、環境試料は、目的成分の揮散防止あるいは熱変成防止のため高温で加熱乾燥できない場合も多く、また低温で加熱乾燥する場合、長時間を要する問題がある。また、風乾の場合は、水分の除去が不完全であることが多い。 On the other hand, environmental samples often cannot be dried by heating at a high temperature in order to prevent volatilization of target components or prevent thermal denaturation, and there is a problem that it takes a long time to dry at a low temperature. In the case of air drying, the removal of water is often incomplete.

 従来、これらの問題点を解決する方法として、試料に無水硫酸ナトリウムのような吸水性を有する塩類を混合する方法、あるいは、抽出溶媒に、水と混和するアルコールなどの親水性溶媒を混合した溶媒を用いる方法が知られている(特開平8-145985号公報)。 Conventionally, as a method of solving these problems, a method of mixing a sample with a water-absorbing salt such as anhydrous sodium sulfate, or a solvent in which a hydrophilic solvent such as an alcohol miscible with water is mixed with an extraction solvent. Is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-145985).

 しかしながら、前者の試料に塩類を混合する方法の場合、試料中の水分除去が不十分である。 However, in the case of the former method of mixing salts with a sample, water removal from the sample is insufficient.

 また、後者の混合溶媒を用いる方法の場合、例えばトルエンとイソプロピルアルコールとの混合溶媒を用いると、親水性溶媒(水溶性溶媒)であるイソプロピルアルコールの配合割合を多くしないと試料中の水分が十分溶解除去できない。 In the latter method using a mixed solvent, for example, if a mixed solvent of toluene and isopropyl alcohol is used, the water content in the sample will be sufficient unless the mixing ratio of isopropyl alcohol, which is a hydrophilic solvent (water-soluble solvent), is increased. Cannot be dissolved and removed.

 この結果、本来の抽出溶媒であるトルエンとは抽出能力の異なる混合溶媒で抽出することになり、目的成分の抽出率の低下を招く恐れがある。 As a result, extraction is performed with a mixed solvent having a different extraction ability from toluene, which is the original extraction solvent, and there is a possibility that the extraction rate of the target component may be reduced.

 以上述べたように、水分を含有する固体試料から効率よく目的成分を溶媒抽出する方法は確立していない。
特開平8-145985号公報
As described above, a method for efficiently extracting a target component from a water-containing solid sample with a solvent has not been established.
JP-A-8-145985

 本発明は、前記した従来技術の問題点を解決し、水分を含有する試料から効率よく目的成分を溶媒抽出することが可能な、水分含有試料の有機溶媒を用いた抽出装置を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides an extraction apparatus using an organic solvent for a water-containing sample, which can efficiently extract a target component from a water-containing sample with a solvent. It is the purpose.

 本発明は、有機溶媒収納容器2と、該有機溶媒収納容器2と連接された試料抽出管4と、該試料抽出管4と連接された還流冷却器3とを有するソックスレー抽出器1を用いた抽出装置であって、前記有機溶媒収納容器2に連接管7a,7b を介して接続された有機溶媒回収容器5と、該有機溶媒回収容器5と接続された有機溶媒吸引装置6を有し、前記連接管7a,7b の一端が、前記有機溶媒収納容器2内の底部に管の開口部7Kを有することを特徴とする水分含有試料の有機溶媒を用いた抽出装置である。 The present invention uses a Soxhlet extractor 1 having an organic solvent storage container 2, a sample extraction tube 4 connected to the organic solvent storage container 2, and a reflux condenser 3 connected to the sample extraction tube 4. An extraction device, comprising: an organic solvent recovery container 5 connected to the organic solvent storage container 2 via connecting pipes 7a and 7b; and an organic solvent suction device 6 connected to the organic solvent recovery container 5. One end of each of the connecting pipes 7a and 7b has an opening 7K of the pipe at the bottom of the organic solvent storage container 2 in the extraction apparatus using an organic solvent for a water-containing sample.

 本発明によれば、試料の乾燥が十分でなくとも目的成分の有機溶媒による抽出を行うことが可能となったため、抽出前の操作が迅速に行える。 According to the present invention, since the extraction of the target component with the organic solvent can be performed even if the sample is not sufficiently dried, the operation before the extraction can be performed quickly.

 この結果、本発明は、例えば土壌,焼却灰などの環境試料中の有機成分の分析に用いることによって、環境管理,環境改善に寄与することができる。 As a result, the present invention can contribute to environmental management and environmental improvement by being used for analysis of organic components in environmental samples such as soil and incinerated ash.

 以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

 本発明者は、前記した従来技術の問題点を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、下記知見(1) ,(2) を見出し、本発明に至った。 (4) As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present inventors have found the following findings (1) and (2), and have reached the present invention.

 (1) 2種類の有機溶媒による水分含有試料の2段階抽出:
 水分含有試料中の目的成分を有機溶媒を用いて抽出するに際し、第1段階として、水と混和する親水性有機溶媒(極性溶媒)を用いて水分を抽出し、水分抽出後、抽出器の有機溶媒を非水溶性有機溶媒に交換し、第2段階として、非水溶性有機溶媒を用いて目的成分を抽出する方法が有効である。
(1) Two-stage extraction of a water-containing sample with two organic solvents:
In extracting the target component in the water-containing sample using an organic solvent, as a first step, water is extracted using a hydrophilic organic solvent (polar solvent) that is miscible with water, and after extracting the water, the organic solvent in the extractor is extracted. It is effective to exchange the solvent with a water-insoluble organic solvent and, as a second step, extract the target component using the water-insoluble organic solvent.

 (2) ソックスレー抽出器と溶媒交換装置とから構成される抽出装置:
 ソックスレー抽出器の有機溶媒収納容器に有機溶媒回収容器,有機溶媒吸引装置を連接することによって、上記した溶媒の交換,試料の洗浄,抽出溶媒の回収などを、迅速に、極めて簡易に、安全性に優れた方法で行うことが可能である。
(2) Extraction device consisting of Soxhlet extractor and solvent exchange device:
By connecting an organic solvent recovery container and an organic solvent suction device to the organic solvent storage container of the Soxhlet extractor, the above-mentioned solvent exchange, sample washing, extraction solvent recovery, etc. can be performed quickly, extremely simply, and safely. It can be performed in an excellent way.

 本発明の作用,効果から、試料中の水分含有量の上限、下限は特に制限されるものではないが、所定量の目的成分を短時間に抽出するためには、試料中の水分含有量が20質量%以下であることが好ましい。 Although the upper limit and lower limit of the water content in the sample are not particularly limited in view of the action and effect of the present invention, in order to extract a predetermined amount of the target component in a short period of time, the water content in the sample must be reduced. It is preferably at most 20% by mass.

 なお、前記した水分含有量は、抽出に際しての試料中の水分含有量、すなわち、有機溶媒収納容器に入れる際の試料中の水分含有量を示す。 The above-mentioned water content indicates the water content in the sample at the time of extraction, that is, the water content in the sample when put into the organic solvent storage container.

 以下、(1) 第1段階の水の抽出・除去、(2) 有機溶媒の交換,溶媒交換装置、(3) 第2段階の目的成分の抽出(:本抽出)の順に説明する。 Hereinafter, (1) extraction and removal of water in the first stage, (2) exchange of an organic solvent, a solvent exchange device, and (3) extraction of a target component in the second stage (: main extraction) will be described.

(1) 第1段階の抽出(;水の抽出・除去):
 図1に、本発明に係る抽出装置の一例を示す。
(1) First stage extraction (; extraction and removal of water):
FIG. 1 shows an example of the extraction device according to the present invention.

 なお、図1において、1はソックスレー抽出器、2は溶媒フラスコである有機溶媒収納容器、3は還流冷却器、4は抽出管、5は三角フラスコである有機溶媒回収容器、6は吸引ポンプである有機溶媒吸引装置、7a,7bは有機溶媒吸引用の連接管(ガラス管)、7Kは有機溶媒収納容器2内の底部において開口した連接管7aの一端の開口部、8は三方弁(三方コック)、10は溶媒交換装置、20は還流冷却器3の冷却水入口、21は還流冷却器3の冷却水出口、22は低沸点ガス出口、30は油浴である有機溶媒収納容器2の加温装置、f1は冷却水の流れ方向、f2は低沸点ガスの流れ方向を示す。 In FIG. 1, 1 is a Soxhlet extractor, 2 is an organic solvent storage container which is a solvent flask, 3 is a reflux condenser, 4 is an extraction tube, 5 is an organic solvent recovery container which is a conical flask, and 6 is a suction pump. A certain organic solvent suction device, 7a and 7b are connecting tubes (glass tubes) for sucking the organic solvent, 7K is an opening at one end of the connecting tube 7a opened at the bottom in the organic solvent container 2, and 8 is a three-way valve (three-way valve). Cook), 10 is a solvent exchange device, 20 is a cooling water inlet of the reflux condenser 3, 21 is a cooling water outlet of the reflux condenser 3, 22 is a low boiling point gas outlet, 30 is an oil bath of the organic solvent storage container 2. heating device, f 1 is the flow direction of the cooling water, f 2 indicate the flow direction of the low-boiling gas.

 なお、加温装置30としては、油浴に代えてマントルヒータなどの加温装置を用いてもよく、有機溶媒収納容器2の加温装置の形式は特に制限を受けるものではない。 Note that, as the heating device 30, a heating device such as a mantle heater may be used instead of the oil bath, and the type of the heating device of the organic solvent storage container 2 is not particularly limited.

 図1に示す溶媒交換装置10においては、有機溶媒収納容器2として二口フラスコを用い、一方の口は、ソックスレー抽出器1の試料抽出管4との接続用で、もう一方の口は、有機溶媒吸引用の連接管7a挿入用である。 In the solvent exchange device 10 shown in FIG. 1, a two-necked flask is used as the organic solvent storage container 2, one of which is for connection with the sample extraction tube 4 of the Soxhlet extractor 1, and the other of which is an organic solvent. This is for inserting the connecting pipe 7a for sucking the solvent.

 図1に示す本発明に係る抽出装置において、ソックスレー抽出器1は、一般に用いられている器具と同じであるが、本発明においては、後記するように、図1に例示した本発明者が創案した溶媒交換装置10を用いることが好ましい。 In the extraction device according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the Soxhlet extractor 1 is the same as a commonly used instrument, but in the present invention, as will be described later, the present inventor illustrated in FIG. It is preferable to use the solvent exchange device 10 described above.

 図1に示す抽出装置においては、先ず、常法に従い、円筒濾紙に試料を詰め、円筒濾紙および親水性有機溶媒を、それぞれ、試料抽出管4および有機溶媒収納容器2に入れ、ソックスレー抽出器1を組み立てる。 In the extraction apparatus shown in FIG. 1, first, a sample is packed in a cylindrical filter paper according to a conventional method, and the cylindrical filter paper and the hydrophilic organic solvent are put into a sample extraction tube 4 and an organic solvent storage container 2, respectively. Assemble.

 第1段階の抽出においては、親水性有機溶媒を用いて抽出を行う。 に お い て In the first stage of extraction, extraction is performed using a hydrophilic organic solvent.

 本発明における親水性有機溶媒としては、特に制限を受けるものではないが、第1段階の抽出の目的が試料からの水分の除去のため、常圧における沸点が100 ℃未満の親水性有機溶媒である(1)アセトン、(2)メタノール,エタノール,イソプロピルアルコール(2-プロパノール)などのアルコール類、(3)アセトニトリルなどのニトリル類、(4)テトラヒドロフラン、および(5)ジオキサンから選ばれる1種または2種以上を用いることが好ましい。 The hydrophilic organic solvent used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the purpose of the first stage extraction is to remove water from the sample, and to remove water from the sample, use a hydrophilic organic solvent having a boiling point at normal pressure of less than 100 ° C. One or more selected from (1) acetone, (2) alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol), (3) nitriles such as acetonitrile, (4) tetrahydrofuran, and (5) dioxane. It is preferable to use two or more types.

 また、上記した理由から、本発明における親水性有機溶媒としては、アセトン,メタノール,イソプロピルアルコールおよびテトラヒドロフランから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計量で50質量%以上含有する有機溶媒を用いることが特に好ましい。 For the above-mentioned reason, as the hydrophilic organic solvent in the present invention, an organic solvent containing 50% by mass or more in total of one or more selected from acetone, methanol, isopropyl alcohol and tetrahydrofuran may be used. Particularly preferred.

 抽出時間は、試料中の水分量にもよるが10分〜1時間程度が好ましい。 The extraction time is preferably about 10 minutes to 1 hour, depending on the amount of water in the sample.

 上記した親水性有機溶媒による抽出終了後、有機溶媒を非水溶性有機溶媒に交換する。 (4) After the completion of the extraction with the hydrophilic organic solvent, the organic solvent is exchanged for a water-insoluble organic solvent.

 (2) 有機溶媒の交換、溶媒交換装置:
 本発明においては、前記したように図1に例示した溶媒交換装置10を用いることが好ましい。
(2) Organic solvent exchange, solvent exchange equipment:
In the present invention, it is preferable to use the solvent exchange device 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 as described above.

 この場合、下記の手順で有機溶媒を非水溶性有機溶媒に交換する。 In this case, replace the organic solvent with a water-insoluble organic solvent by the following procedure.

 先ず、溶媒交換装置10における三方コック8を切換え連接管7aと連接管7bを連通し、吸引装置6によって、有機溶媒収納容器2内の親水性有機溶媒を吸引し、有機溶媒回収容器6に送液する。 First, the three-way cock 8 in the solvent exchange device 10 is switched to connect the connecting pipe 7a and the connecting pipe 7b, and the suction device 6 sucks the hydrophilic organic solvent in the organic solvent container 2 and sends it to the organic solvent recovery container 6. Liquid.

 有機溶媒収納容器2内の親水性有機溶媒がほぼ全量、有機溶媒回収容器5に送液された後、第2段階の抽出に用いる非水溶性有機溶媒をソックスレー抽出器1の上端の低沸点ガス出口22から注ぎ込み、流下させ、第1段階の抽出で用いた親水性有機溶媒を試料から洗い出す。 After almost all of the hydrophilic organic solvent in the organic solvent storage container 2 has been sent to the organic solvent recovery container 5, the water-insoluble organic solvent used for the second-stage extraction is mixed with a low boiling gas at the upper end of the Soxhlet extractor 1. Pour from outlet 22, let flow down, wash out the hydrophilic organic solvent used in the first stage extraction from the sample.

 上記操作は、吸引装置6による有機溶媒の吸引と並行して行うことができるため、有機溶媒収納容器2内に残存した親水性有機溶媒の除去および試料に付着した親水性有機溶媒の洗浄が短時間で完了する。 Since the above operation can be performed in parallel with the suction of the organic solvent by the suction device 6, the removal of the hydrophilic organic solvent remaining in the organic solvent storage container 2 and the washing of the hydrophilic organic solvent attached to the sample are short. Complete in time.

 上記した有機溶媒の交換および試料の洗浄によって有機溶媒回収容器5に溜まった有機溶媒中にも、一部抽出された目的成分が含まれるため、有機溶媒回収容器5中の有機溶媒を後の分析操作のために保存する。 Since the organic solvent collected in the organic solvent recovery container 5 by the above-mentioned exchange of the organic solvent and washing of the sample also contains the target component partially extracted, the organic solvent in the organic solvent recovery container 5 is analyzed later. Save for operation.

 本発明によれば、図1に例示した本発明に係る溶媒交換装置10を用いることによって、下記(1)〜(4)の効果が得られる。 According to the present invention, the following effects (1) to (4) can be obtained by using the solvent exchange device 10 according to the present invention illustrated in FIG.

 (1):2種類の溶媒を交換する操作を迅速に行える。 (1): The operation of exchanging two kinds of solvents can be performed quickly.

 (2):ソックスレー抽出器の有機溶媒収納容器2などを一切取り外すことなく迅速に有機溶媒の交換を行うことが可能となったため、溶媒交換時の操作ミスによる有機溶媒の油浴油面上などの加熱装置の上への漏液、油面上など加熱装置の上へ漏液した有機溶媒の気化、引火の危険性が皆無となり、安全性に優れた方法で2段階に渡る抽出を、連続して迅速に行うことができる。 (2): The organic solvent can be quickly exchanged without removing the organic solvent storage container 2 etc. of the Soxhlet extractor, so that the operation error at the time of solvent exchange causes the organic solvent on the oil bath oil surface etc. No risk of vaporization and inflammation of the organic solvent leaking onto the heating device, such as leakage onto the heating device such as on the oil surface, and there is no danger of ignition. And can be done quickly.

 (3):試料に付着した親水性有機溶媒の非水溶性有機溶媒による洗浄を、ソックスレー抽出器の試料抽出管4などを一切取り外すことなく容易に行える。 (3): The hydrophilic organic solvent attached to the sample can be easily washed with the water-insoluble organic solvent without removing the sample extraction tube 4 of the Soxhlet extractor at all.

 (4):抽出溶媒の回収を、迅速に、極めて簡易に、安全性に優れた方法で行うことができる。 (4): The extraction solvent can be recovered quickly, extremely simply, and in a safe manner.

 (3) 第2段階の抽出(;目的成分の抽出)(本抽出):
 第2段階の抽出に用いる前記した非水溶性有機溶媒としては特に制限を受けるものではないが、抽出力の面から、好ましくは、トルエン,キシレン,エチルベンゼン,ソルベントナフサ,テトラリン,デカリン,アルキルナフタレンなどの芳香族炭化水素、モノクロロベンゼン,O-ジクロロベンゼンなどのハロゲン化芳香族炭化水素、ヘキサンなどの脂肪族炭化水素から選ばれる1種または2種以上を用いることが好ましい。
(3) Second stage extraction (; extraction of target component) (main extraction):
The above-mentioned water-insoluble organic solvent used in the second stage extraction is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of extraction power, preferably, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, solvent naphtha, tetralin, decalin, alkylnaphthalene, etc. It is preferable to use one or more selected from aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as monochlorobenzene and O-dichlorobenzene, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane.

 さらに、本発明においては、非水溶性有機溶媒としては、目的成分の抽出率の面から、トルエン,キシレンおよびヘキサンから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計量で50質量%以上含有する有機溶媒を用いることが好ましい。 Further, in the present invention, as the water-insoluble organic solvent, an organic solvent containing at least 50% by mass in total of one or more selected from toluene, xylene and hexane from the viewpoint of the extraction rate of the target component. It is preferable to use

 第2段階の抽出は、好ましくは上記した非水溶性有機溶媒で抽出を行う。 抽出 In the second stage of extraction, preferably, the extraction is carried out with the above-mentioned water-insoluble organic solvent.

 第2段階の抽出終了後は、非水溶性有機溶媒抽出液、親水性有機溶媒抽出液の両者を用いて目的成分の分析を行う。 終了 After the completion of the extraction in the second step, the target component is analyzed using both the water-insoluble organic solvent extract and the hydrophilic organic solvent extract.

 また、本発明においては、必要に応じて抽出液を濃縮し、濃縮液を分析に供する。 (4) In the present invention, the extract is concentrated if necessary, and the concentrate is used for analysis.

 以下、本発明を実施例に基づいてさらに具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples.

 (実施例1)
 本実施例においては、図1に示す抽出装置を用いて、焼却炉焼却灰からダイオキシン類を抽出し、分析を行った。
(Example 1)
In this example, dioxins were extracted from incinerator ash using the extraction device shown in FIG. 1 and analyzed.

 先ず、焼却灰10g を精秤し、該焼却灰を、ダイオキシン類の内部標準として既知量の定量対象異性体の13C 化合物を溶解したアセトン溶液に添加した。 First, 10 g of incineration ash was precisely weighed, and the incineration ash was added to a acetone solution in which a known amount of a 13C compound of the isomer to be quantified was dissolved as an internal standard for dioxins.

 上記した試料および内部標準を添加したアセトン溶液を十分撹拌、平衡化させた。 (4) The acetone solution to which the sample and the internal standard were added was sufficiently stirred and equilibrated.

 次に、アセトンを蒸発させ、試料を1M塩酸中で1時間撹拌した後、濾別し、水で洗浄した。 (5) Next, acetone was evaporated, and the sample was stirred in 1 M hydrochloric acid for 1 hour, filtered, and washed with water.

 洗浄後の試料をシャーレに広げてある程度風乾した後、得られた水分含有量:3質量%の試料を、円筒濾紙に入れ、試料抽出管4内に装着し、アセトン150ml で30分間抽出操作を行った。 After the sample after washing was spread on a petri dish and air-dried to some extent, the obtained sample having a water content of 3% by mass was put in a cylindrical filter paper, mounted in a sample extraction tube 4, and extracted with 150 ml of acetone for 30 minutes. went.

上記した第1段階の抽出終了後、溶媒交換装置10を用い前記した方法で抽出器1の有機溶媒をトルエンに交換した。   After the completion of the first-stage extraction, the organic solvent in the extractor 1 was exchanged with toluene using the solvent exchange device 10 in the manner described above.

 次に、トルエン150ml で16時間、第2段階の抽出操作を行った。 Next, the second stage extraction operation was performed with 150 ml of toluene for 16 hours.

 上記した第2段階の抽出終了後、三方コック8を切換え、連接管7aと連接管7bを連通し、吸引ポンプ6によって有機溶媒収納容器2のトルエン抽出液を、全量、有機溶媒回収容器5に送液し、アセトン抽出液と混合した。 After the above-mentioned second stage extraction, the three-way cock 8 is switched, the connecting pipe 7a and the connecting pipe 7b are connected, and the total amount of the toluene extract in the organic solvent storage container 2 is transferred to the organic solvent recovery container 5 by the suction pump 6. The solution was fed and mixed with the acetone extract.

 なお、上記操作後、ソックスレー抽出器1の上端の低沸点ガス出口22からトルエンを少量注ぎ込み、有機溶媒収納容器2内に流下させ、有機溶媒収納容器2の底部にたまったトルエンを、吸引ポンプ6で吸引することによって、有機溶媒収納容器2の底部に少量残留したトルエン抽出液を、全量、有機溶媒回収容器5に回収した。 After the above operation, a small amount of toluene was poured from the low-boiling gas outlet 22 at the upper end of the Soxhlet extractor 1 and allowed to flow down into the organic solvent storage container 2. The toluene accumulated at the bottom of the organic solvent storage container 2 was removed by the suction pump 6. , A small amount of the toluene extract remaining at the bottom of the organic solvent storage container 2 was recovered in the organic solvent recovery container 5 in its entirety.

 次に、上記で得られた有機溶媒回収容器5のアセトン抽出液とトルエン抽出液との混合液を、ロータリーエバポレータを用いて濃縮した。 Next, the mixture of the acetone extract and the toluene extract in the organic solvent recovery container 5 obtained above was concentrated using a rotary evaporator.

 なお、前記した塩酸洗浄液および水洗液のジクロロメタン抽出液も上記混合液に加え、上記した濃縮処理を行った。 (4) The above-mentioned hydrochloric acid washing solution and the dichloromethane extract of the water washing solution were also added to the above mixed solution, and the above-mentioned concentration treatment was performed.

 次に、公知の方法(「廃棄物処理におけるダイオキシン類標準測定分析マニュアル」厚生省生活衛生局水道環境部環境整備課)に従ってクリーンアップ操作を行い、ガスクロマトグラフ−質量分析計でダイオキシン類を定量した。 Next, a cleanup operation was performed according to a known method (“Manual for standard measurement and analysis of dioxins in waste treatment”, Ministry of Health and Welfare Bureau, Water Supply Environment Department, Environment Improvement Section), and dioxins were quantified with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer.

 得られた結果を、表1に示す。 結果 The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

 (比較例)
 前記した実施例1で用いたと同一の試料を十分乾燥させた後、図1のソックスレー抽出器1でトルエンを用いて抽出操作し、得られた抽出液を前記した実施例と同様に処理し、分析を行った。
(Comparative example)
After sufficiently drying the same sample as that used in Example 1 described above, an extraction operation was performed using toluene in the Soxhlet extractor 1 in FIG. 1, and the obtained extract was treated in the same manner as in the aforementioned Example. Analysis was carried out.

 得られた結果を、表1に示す。 結果 The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

 表1に示されるように、本発明の抽出方法で得られた抽出液を用いた分析結果は、試料を十分乾燥させた後抽出する方法(常法)で得られた抽出液を用いた分析結果とよく一致した。 As shown in Table 1, the analysis results using the extract obtained by the extraction method of the present invention were analyzed using the extract obtained by the method of drying the sample sufficiently and then extracting (normal method). Good agreement with the results.

 (実施例2〜6)
 前記した実施例1で用いたと同一の試料について、親水性有機溶媒としてメタノール,イソプロピルアルコール,テトラヒドロフラン,アセトン−イソプロピルアルコール混合溶媒またはアセトン−メタノール混合溶媒を用い、非水溶性有機溶媒としてトルエン,キシレン,トルエン−キシレン混合溶媒またはキシレン−ヘキサン混合溶媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で焼却灰の分析を行った。
(Examples 2 to 6)
For the same sample as used in Example 1 above, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, a mixed solvent of acetone-isopropyl alcohol or a mixed solvent of acetone-methanol was used as a hydrophilic organic solvent, and toluene, xylene, and a water-insoluble organic solvent were used. The incineration ash was analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1 using a toluene-xylene mixed solvent or a xylene-hexane mixed solvent.

 なお、混合溶媒における各溶媒の配合割合は1:1(容量比)とした。 The mixing ratio of each solvent in the mixed solvent was 1: 1 (volume ratio).

 得られた結果を、表1に示す。 結果 The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

 表1に示すように、親水性有機溶媒および非水溶性有機溶媒による2段階抽出で得られた抽出液を用いた分析結果は、比較例(常法)で得られた抽出液を用いた分析結果とよく一致した。 As shown in Table 1, the analysis results using the extract obtained by the two-step extraction with the hydrophilic organic solvent and the water-insoluble organic solvent are the results of the analysis using the extract obtained in Comparative Example (ordinary method). Good agreement with the results.

 以上述べたように、本発明によれば、水分を含む試料を十分乾燥させなくとも有機溶媒で目的成分を抽出することが可能となり、乾燥に必要な時間を短縮できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a target component can be extracted with an organic solvent without sufficiently drying a sample containing water, and the time required for drying can be reduced.

 本発明は、土壌試料のように完全に水分を除くことが困難な試料あるいは乾燥に長時間を要する試料に特に有効である。 The present invention is particularly effective for a sample such as a soil sample in which it is difficult to completely remove water or a sample requiring a long time for drying.

Figure 2004109145
Figure 2004109145

本発明に係る抽出装置の一例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal section showing an example of an extraction device concerning the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of reference numerals

 1 ソックスレー抽出器
 2 有機溶媒収納容器(溶媒フラスコ)
 3 還流冷却器
 4 抽出管
 5 有機溶媒回収容器(三角フラスコ)
 6 有機溶媒吸引装置(吸引ポンプ)
 7a、7b 連接管(ガラス管)
 7K 連接管の一端の開口部
 8 三方弁(三方コック)
 10 溶媒交換装置
 20 還流冷却器の冷却水入口
 21 還流冷却器の冷却水出口
 22 低沸点ガス出口
 30 有機溶媒収納容器の加温装置(油浴)
 f1 冷却水の流れ方向
 f2 低沸点ガスの流れ方向
1 Soxhlet extractor 2 Organic solvent storage container (solvent flask)
3 Reflux cooler 4 Extraction tube 5 Organic solvent recovery container (Erlenmeyer flask)
6 Organic solvent suction device (suction pump)
7a, 7b connecting tube (glass tube)
7K Opening at one end of connecting pipe 8 Three-way valve (three-way cock)
10 Solvent exchange device 20 Cooling water inlet for reflux cooler 21 Cooling water outlet for reflux cooler 22 Low boiling point gas outlet 30 Heating device for organic solvent container (oil bath)
f 1 Flow direction of cooling water f 2 Flow direction of low boiling point gas

Claims (1)

 有機溶媒収納容器(2) と、該有機溶媒収納容器(2) と連接された試料抽出管(4) と、該試料抽出管(4) と連接された還流冷却器(3) とを有するソックスレー抽出器(1) を用いた抽出装置であって、前記有機溶媒収納容器(2) に連接管(7a,7b) を介して接続された有機溶媒回収容器(5) と、該有機溶媒回収容器(5) と接続された有機溶媒吸引装置(6) を有し、前記連接管(7a,7b) の一端が、前記有機溶媒収納容器(2) 内の底部に管の開口部(7K)を有することを特徴とする水分含有試料の有機溶媒を用いた抽出装置。
A Soxhlet having an organic solvent storage container (2), a sample extraction tube (4) connected to the organic solvent storage container (2), and a reflux condenser (3) connected to the sample extraction tube (4). An extraction device using an extractor (1), comprising: an organic solvent recovery container (5) connected to the organic solvent storage container (2) via connecting pipes (7a, 7b); and an organic solvent recovery container. An organic solvent suction device (6) connected to (5), one end of the connecting pipe (7a, 7b) having an opening (7K) of the pipe at the bottom in the organic solvent storage container (2). An apparatus for extracting a water-containing sample using an organic solvent.
JP2003371183A 2003-10-30 2003-10-30 Extraction device using organic solvent for moisture-containing sample Pending JP2004109145A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006234631A (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-09-07 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk Method for analyzing accurately oil in soil
JP2012207956A (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-25 Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology Institute Heating type soxhlet extractor, simple extractor for extracting minor component included in residue in cylindrical filter paper used in the same, and method for analyzing melt-kneaded composite plastic containing polyolefin as main component, using heating type soxhlet extractor and simple extractor
CN105223289A (en) * 2015-09-14 2016-01-06 杭州市质量技术监督检测院 The detection method of antiseptic in textile product
CN105699245A (en) * 2016-04-07 2016-06-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil field sludge multicomponent testing method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006234631A (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-09-07 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk Method for analyzing accurately oil in soil
JP4700372B2 (en) * 2005-02-25 2011-06-15 昭和シェル石油株式会社 Method for accurately analyzing oil content in soil
JP2012207956A (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-25 Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology Institute Heating type soxhlet extractor, simple extractor for extracting minor component included in residue in cylindrical filter paper used in the same, and method for analyzing melt-kneaded composite plastic containing polyolefin as main component, using heating type soxhlet extractor and simple extractor
CN105223289A (en) * 2015-09-14 2016-01-06 杭州市质量技术监督检测院 The detection method of antiseptic in textile product
CN105699245A (en) * 2016-04-07 2016-06-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil field sludge multicomponent testing method
CN105699245B (en) * 2016-04-07 2018-05-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of oil field sludge multicomponent test method

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