JP2004101265A - Method for measuring wind direction/wind velocity at windmill construction scheduled site for generating wind power - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for measuring wind direction/wind velocity at a site where a windmill is scheduled to be constructed for generating wind power that can automatically and efficiently acquire data at a number of points to be observed by using a laser radar. <P>SOLUTION: The method comprises a step for obtaining altitude data on a ground surface 2 separated from a position O where the laser radar 1 is installed by a specific distance; a step for setting points that are moved by a desired height upward from a plurality of specific positions on the ground surface to be the points to be observed, calculating position data by a polar coordinates system at each point to be observed, and storing the calculated position data; and a step for presetting the scanning method of the laser radar so that the wind direction and wind velocity at each point to be observed can be measured by using the position data at each point to be observed being stored. According to the scanning method of the preset laser radar, the wind direction and wind velocity at each point to be observed are automatically measured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for observing a wind condition (wind speed and direction) for selecting a construction site for a wind turbine for wind power generation, which is a wind power generation facility, and more particularly to a method for constructing a wind turbine for wind power generation using a laser radar. The present invention relates to a wind direction and wind speed measurement method for a wind turbine for a wind turbine at a planned construction site for directly measuring a wind speed and a wind direction of a point to be observed at the planned site.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, interest in environmental issues has increased, and the amount of wind power generation equipment installed has been steadily increasing.
It is expected that the installation amount of wind power generation equipment will increase dramatically with the enrichment of related bills to promote the spread of new energy such as wind power generation.
Furthermore, as a place to be installed, there is a possibility that it will be constructed not only on land but also on the sea, even in the case of Europe and the like.
However, wind power uses natural wind as its energy source. Therefore, even if a large amount of high-performance power generation equipment is installed, if it is installed in a place with poor wind conditions (wind speed and direction), sufficient power generation will not be possible. I can't get it.
[0003]
Furthermore, even if a sufficient amount of wind is blowing, installing wind power generation equipment in a location where wind speed and wind direction frequently change will shorten the life of the equipment or in the worst case Can lead to accidents such as equipment damage.
Therefore, when the installation of a wind power generation facility is planned, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a pole (pole) having a height of about 30M or 40M to which a windmill-type anemometer (anemometer and anemometer) is attached. Is constructed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed, and a wind condition (wind speed and direction) survey for selecting the location of the wind turbine is conducted by the wind turbine type anemometer.
In the case of a 30M pole, an anemometer and an anemometer are mounted at positions of 20M and 30M above the ground, and in the case of a 40M pole, an anemometer and an anemometer are mounted at positions of 30M and 40M of the ground.
[0004]
That is, a pole (pole) having a height of about 30M to 40M is constructed at a wind turbine installation scheduled position, and fixed-point observation is performed using a windmill-type anemometer attached to the pole, and the wind direction and wind speed at that location are measured. Has been measured periodically (for example, weekly, monthly, yearly), and the data has been aggregated to conduct a wind condition survey at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed.
In this method, there is a problem that it is necessary to secure a site for installing a pole, and it takes time to install a pole to which a windmill-type anemometer is attached.
[0005]
In addition, data can only be acquired at the fixed point where the pole is installed.In addition, the height of the installed pole is limited due to safety and cost considerations. I can't.
For example, the center height of the blade for wind power generation is 1000 KW class equipment which is usually used, and the ground height is about 60M.
Therefore, the wind speed value or the wind direction data measured by using the pole (pole) as shown in FIG. 10 cannot be used as it is because the measurement height is different from the actual wind turbine center of the wind power generation equipment.
Therefore, the required wind direction and wind speed data of the ground height were estimated from the wind direction and wind speed data of the ground height of about 30M actually measured.
[0006]
FIG. 11 is a diagram conceptually showing how the wind speed data and the wind direction data of the wind turbine power generation wind turbine construction site are obtained by the above-described conventional method (that is, a method of obtaining the required high-speed wind speed and wind direction data). It is.
In the figure, 50 is a pole, 51 is a windmill type anemometer, and 52 is a recorder for recording measured data.
Estimation (conversion) of the required wind speed at the ground height from the actual measured wind speed at the pole is usually obtained by the following power law.
U / U₀= (Z / Z₀)^{(1 / n)}
Here, U: wind speed at ground height Z
U₀: Ground clearance Z₀Wind speed at
n: power exponent of the power law
[0007]
The n value (the exponent of the power law) used here changes depending on the atmospheric stability in addition to the roughness state of the ground.
When the stability is neutral, the n value is about the following.
(1) When the ground condition is "flat grassland" or "coastal area"
n: 7 to 10 (1 / n: 0.10 to 0.14)
(2) When the state of the ground is "Rural"
n: 4 to 6 (1 / n: 0.17 to 0.25)
(3) When the condition of the ground is "city area"
n: 2 to 4 (1 / n: 0.25 to 0.50)
[0008]
The power law holds true for the vertical distribution of wind speed in the case of flat land, and the peaks and slopes of the mountain are not simple as described above.
Further, even on a flat ground, the n value may differ depending on the value of the wind speed.
Thus, care must be taken when using the power law.
In addition, in Japan, wind conditions (wind direction and wind speed) are good, and there are few stable flat lands. Therefore, mountains or coasts with complicated terrain are mainly used as suitable sites for wind power generation. In such a place, since the airflow becomes complicated, the wind condition (wind direction / wind speed) condition greatly differs depending on the position. Therefore, it is necessary to set the pole at a position where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be actually installed.
[0009]
As described above, in the method of actually constructing the pole on which the anemometer is attached and obtaining the required wind height and wind speed data from the measured data by estimation, the measurement points are limited (that is, the data amount is small). ), There was a problem with the quality of the data obtained by estimation.
[0010]
In order to obtain wind speed data and wind direction data of the wind turbine construction planned site for wind power generation, it is the present situation that the above-described method is performed, but using a laser radar, the wind speed at a predetermined altitude and A method for directly measuring the wind direction is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.
The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 relates to a weather parameter measuring device that measures weather parameters such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature at various altitudes, and transparency using a laser radar, but uses a laser radar. There is no description about obtaining wind speed data or wind direction data at a planned wind turbine construction site.
[0011]
FIG. 12 shows a state in which the wind speed and wind direction data of a wind turbine wind turbine construction site is measured using the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 (that is, the technique of measuring weather parameters using a laser radar). It is a figure shown notionally.
In the figure, 53 is a laser radar.
By using the laser radar 53, it is possible to directly measure wind speed data and wind direction data at a desired altitude without actually building a pole for wind direction and wind speed measurement at a wind turbine construction site.
However, in order to investigate the wind condition at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be built, it is necessary to periodically collect data of a large number of observation points having different positions and altitudes.
Therefore, when a laser radar as shown in Patent Document 1 is used, the emission direction (azimuth angle and elevation angle) of the laser radar and the distance to the measurement point are set for each observation point and measured. Measurement, the efficiency of the measurement operation becomes very poor, and it takes a lot of time to obtain wind direction and wind speed data at many observation points.
[0012]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-342084
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the conventional measurement method of actually installing a pole with a windmill type wind direction and wind speed at the planned wind turbine wind turbine construction site and measuring the wind direction and wind speed requires securing land for pole installation and Pole installation work was required, and only data at fixed points limited to the pole height could be acquired, which led to problems with the amount of measurement data that could be obtained and the quality of the measurement data.
Also, when trying to estimate required ground clearance data from data acquired by a wind anemometer attached to a pole, it has been difficult to obtain accurate estimated data due to various environmental conditions at the pole installation location.
In addition, if the observer tries to directly measure the wind direction and wind speed data of a large number of observation points using a laser radar without installing a pole, the emission direction of the laser radar will change at each observation point or every observation. And the measurement distance must be set, and the efficiency of the measurement operation becomes very poor.
[0014]
The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem. In measuring wind direction and wind speed data of a wind turbine construction site, a laser measurement radar is used to actually construct a measurement pole. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at a wind turbine wind turbine construction site at which a wind turbine for wind power generation can be efficiently measured directly without installing the wind turbine at a desired site.
In addition, by using a laser radar, it is possible to directly and efficiently acquire data of many observation points without having to actually install a measurement pole at the planned construction site. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring a wind direction and wind speed at a planned wind turbine construction site.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point in the wind turbine wind turbine construction site using a laser radar,
Inputting the position of the observed point in a rectangular coordinate system, converting the position data of the observed point input in a rectangular coordinate system into position data in a polar coordinate system, and Storing the position data of the observed point; and using the stored position data of the observed point, the method of scanning the laser radar in advance so that the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point can be measured. Setting, and measuring the wind direction and the wind speed of the observed point according to a preset scanning method of the laser radar.
[0016]
Further, the observation point in the wind direction and wind speed measurement method for the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is set at a predetermined position on the sea surface.
[0017]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point in the wind turbine wind turbine construction site using a laser radar,
Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface that is separated by a predetermined distance from the position where the laser radar is installed, and moving by a desired height upward from the predetermined position on the ground surface where the altitude data was obtained A point as the observed point, calculating the position data of the observed point in the polar coordinate system, and storing the calculated position data of the observed point; and storing the calculated position data of the observed point. Setting the scanning method of the laser radar so that measurement of the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point can be performed, and according to the preset scanning method of the laser radar, It measures wind direction and wind speed.
[0018]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method for a wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention sets a plurality of observation points and automatically measures the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of observation points in a predetermined order. is there.
[0019]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point in the wind turbine wind turbine construction site using a laser radar,
Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface at a predetermined distance from the position where the laser radar is installed, and a point at which the altitude data has been moved upward by a desired height from the predetermined position on the ground surface at which the altitude data was obtained. Each as an observed point, storing the position data of the observed point in the polar coordinate system, and storing the position data of the plurality of direct measurement points located above the predetermined position on the ground surface in the polar coordinate system. And setting the laser radar at a predetermined plurality of elevation angles, horizontally scanning the laser radar at each set elevation angle, sequentially measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of direct measurement points, and storing the measurement results. And selecting a plurality of direct measurement points proximate to the observed point from the stored position data of the observed point and the stored position data of the plurality of direct measurement points. And, by using the wind speed and direction measurement data in a plurality of direct measurement points are selected, in which interpolates Wind data of the target observation points.
[0020]
In addition, the method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed of a wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention sets a plurality of observation points and automatically obtains the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of observation points in a predetermined order by interpolation. It is.
[0021]
In addition, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of a wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention measures a wind direction and wind speed by installing a pole of a predetermined height to which a wind turbine type wind anemometer is attached at a wind turbine wind turbine construction site. At the same time, the vicinity of the installation position of the wind turbine type anemometer is added as an observation point, and the laser radar measures the wind direction and wind speed at the added observation point.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or corresponding elements.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
The position of the observation point for obtaining the wind direction and wind speed data at the construction site of the wind turbine, which is a wind power generation facility, is usually selected from the points on the map, and the position of the observation point is as shown in FIG. It is represented by a rectangular coordinate system having latitude and longitude as references.
On the other hand, a laser radar has a polar coordinate system in which the distance (r), the azimuth (θ), and the elevation (φ) are parameters as shown in FIG.
[0023]
Therefore, in order to efficiently measure the wind direction and wind speed of a large number of observed points by using a laser radar, first, the position of each observed point in the orthogonal coordinate system on the map is determined by the location of the laser radar (O in FIG. 2). It is necessary to convert to a polar coordinate system centered at (point) and set the measurement distance (r), azimuth (θ), and elevation (φ) with a laser radar.
Thereafter, in accordance with a predetermined procedure, the data of the wind direction and the wind speed at each observation point set in the polar coordinate system are automatically and sequentially measured by the laser radar, and the measured data is recorded and necessary data processing is performed. Is done.
[0024]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the planned site for constructing a wind turbine for wind power generation according to the first embodiment.
Hereinafter, the method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the planned wind turbine construction site according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the positions of all the observation points (desired observation points including a point where a pole would have been installed in the past) where the wind condition (wind direction and wind speed) is to be investigated are input in a rectangular coordinate system. (Step S101)
[0025]
Next, in step S101, the position of each observation point input in the rectangular coordinate system is converted to the polar coordinate system. (Step S102)
At this time, the coordinate conversion table may be used with a change amount corresponding to the resolution specific to the laser radar used.
That is, a three-dimensional position on the map to each observation point is input in a rectangular coordinate system, and the coordinates are converted into a polar coordinate system, whereby the distance, azimuth, and elevation angle of each observation point in the polar coordinate system are obtained.
[0026]
Then, the position data (distance, azimuth, elevation angle of the observed point) of the observed point converted into the polar coordinates is set (stored) in the drive control unit of the laser radar. (Step S103) The drive control unit of the laser radar controls the emission direction (azimuth, elevation) of the laser beam based on the stored position data of the observation point.
If the input of the position data of all the observed points converted into the polar coordinate system (that is, storage in the drive control unit of the laser radar) is not completed, the process returns to step S101. (Step S104)
[0027]
Next, when the storage of the position data of all the observed points converted into the polar coordinates in the drive control unit of the laser radar is completed, the measurement of the wind direction data and the wind speed data of each observed point is sequentially performed in a predetermined measurement order ( Measurement). (Step S105)
Steps 106 to S110 show a procedure for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at each observation point.
That is, when measurement (measurement) is started in S105, first, a measurement azimuth (that is, an azimuth angle) and an elevation angle are set for the first observed point (step S106), a laser is emitted (step S107), and a desired distance is set. The data is acquired at the timing when the signal returns. (Step S108).
[0028]
Due to the operating principle of the laser radar, the wind direction and wind speed cannot be calculated unless there is measurement data in at least two directions.
Therefore, as shown in step S109, it is necessary to scan the laser beam as necessary to calculate the wind direction and the wind speed to acquire data.
That is, the difference between the azimuth angle and the elevation angle is input in step S109, and the process returns to step S106 again to perform the same processing.
If necessary data can be obtained, the wind direction and wind speed are calculated from the data. (Step S110)
When the measurement (measurement) is completed for all observation points, the process is completed. If the measurement at the observation point remains, the process returns to step 106. (Step S111)
[0029]
In the method for measuring the wind direction and the wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the present embodiment, as described above, the position of each observation point input in the orthogonal coordinate system is converted to the polar coordinate system, and the object converted to the polar coordinate system. The position data (distance, azimuth, elevation) of the observation point is stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar, and the position data (distance, azimuth, elevation) of the observed point stored in the drive control unit is used. According to a predetermined measurement procedure, the measurement (measurement) of the wind direction and the wind speed at each observation point is sequentially performed.
Therefore, by storing the position data of many observation points once converted to the polar coordinate system, the wind direction and wind speed data of many observation points can be automatically measured by the laser radar. Can be greatly reduced.
[0030]
In the first embodiment described above, the case where there are a large number (plural) of observed points is described, but it is needless to say that the number of observed points may be one.
Alternatively, a pole having a windmill-type anemometer attached thereto may be installed in the vicinity of one of the observation points, and wind direction wind speed data may be obtained by a windmill-type anemometer at the tip of the pole.
This makes it possible to compare the data measured by the wind anemometer at the tip of the pole with the data measured by the laser radar, and confirm whether the measurement by the laser radar is performed normally.
Further, the method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the present embodiment is also very effective for the wind direction and wind speed when the observation point is at sea.
[0031]
Embodiment 2 FIG.
In a wind condition survey for the purpose of investigating the power generation of a wind power plant in advance, it is necessary to measure the wind direction and wind speed at a desired ground level including the wind turbine installation altitude (normally 60 m) at a number of wind turbine installation positions. is there.
In the present embodiment, a method of automatically and directly measuring the wind direction and wind speed (wind speed vector) at a predetermined height above ground based on the obtained topographic data using a laser radar for wind direction and wind speed measurement also for topographic observation. Will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the second embodiment, and shows a plurality of iso-height surfaces (for example, iso-height lines I and II). FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a situation in which a wind direction and a wind speed are measured by a laser radar (also referred to as a lidar) 1.
[0032]
In the actual measurement, the wind speed on a two-dimensional curved surface where the ground height is constant is measured. However, in order to simplify the drawing, FIG. 4 shows a certain distance from the laser radar 1 (for example, the distance of OA in the drawing). ), I.e., only on the curve connected by the column marked with △ in the figure.
By observing the ground surface 2 by the laser radar 1, the position of the mark on the ground surface is measured.
The position moved vertically above the position of the mark by a certain altitude is the point to be measured (that is, the observed point on the contour line).
[0033]
That is, the mark “△” indicates the position of the observation point on the ground surface at a predetermined distance (OA in the figure) from the laser radar, and the contour line I or the contour line II vertically above the mark “△”. The position at the height of is the observed point.
Note that the azimuth and elevation of each observation point viewed from the laser radar 1 can be easily calculated by geometric calculation.
When measuring the wind velocity vector with the laser radar 1, it is necessary to measure the Doppler velocity with a finite azimuth width and synthesize the measurement results.
[0034]
In FIG. 4, the length of one arrow (← mark or → mark) above each mark indicates an azimuth section for obtaining a wind velocity vector of one observation point, and the direction of the arrow is laser. The horizontal scanning direction of the radar is shown.
In the example of FIG. 4, first, the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point on the contour line I are measured, and then the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point on the contour line II are measured.
As shown in the figure, since the terrain has undulations, the elevation angle observed varies depending on the azimuth angle. (That is, the higher the altitude of the ground surface at a certain azimuth angle, the greater the elevation angle of the observed point on that point.)
FIG. 4 shows the situation of wind direction and wind speed observation on the isoaltitude line at one distance. By changing the distance (that is, changing the length of 0 A in the figure), the same observation is repeated a plurality of times. , The wind speed vector on the ground level is obtained.
[0035]
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified example of the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine generation planned site shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 5 is almost the same as FIG. 4, but FIG. 5 is to measure the wind direction and wind speed at the observation points on the contour line I and the contour line II shown in FIG. 4, and to construct a wind turbine for wind power generation. A pole 10 having a windmill-type anemometer attached to the tip is actually installed on the ground, and the wind direction and wind speed at the tip of the installed pole 10 are simultaneously measured by the windmill-type anemometer and the laser radar (rider) 1. This shows the observation status when observing.
[0036]
According to this method, it is possible to compare the wind direction and wind speed measured by the windmill type wind direction anemometer attached to the tip of the pole 10 with the wind direction and wind speed at the same point measured by the laser radar 1. 1 can be confirmed whether it is operating normally (ie, whether the measurement by the laser radar is normal).
In the example of FIG. 5, it is assumed that windmill-type anemometers are mounted at two altitudes on the pole 10 and wind directions at two altitudes at the pole position are measured.
After measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the two altitudes at the pole position, the wind direction and wind speed at the observation points on the contour line I and the contour line II are measured as in FIG.
[0037]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the planned site for constructing a wind turbine for wind power generation according to the second embodiment, and is a flowchart showing the procedure of the observation method in the case shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the planned wind turbine construction site according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the step of “terrain observation” in step S201 will be described. In step S201, three-dimensional area laser radar observation for obtaining terrain data is performed.
FIG. 7 shows a typical reception waveform obtained when laser radar observation (lider observation) is performed on the direction in which the ground surface exists.
[0038]
The horizontal axis in FIG. 7 is a delay time from the moment when the laser radar transmits the transmission wave to the time when the reflected wave is received.
The received signal includes an echo reflected from the atmosphere in addition to an echo reflected from the ground surface.
However, in general, the ground surface echo has a sufficiently high reception intensity as compared with the atmospheric echo.
Therefore, an echo having a reception intensity exceeding a preset threshold is detected, and a delay time at the peak position is extracted.
By converting this delay time into a distance, the distance from the laser radar to the reflection point on the ground surface is obtained.
[0039]
Next, the step of “terrain mapping processing” in step S202 will be described.
By adding the values of the azimuth and elevation at the time of observation to the “distance from the laser radar to the reflection point on the ground surface” obtained in step S201, the position of the reflection point in polar coordinate expression is determined.
By collecting data on the positions of reflection points observed in a plurality of beam directions, a map representing the height of each point on the ground surface can be obtained. (That is, terrain mapping processing is performed.)
[0040]
Next, the step of “setting the observation point” in step S203 will be described.
A distance, an azimuth angle, and an elevation angle are calculated by geometric calculation for a point moved upward from the ground surface position obtained in step S202 by the observation target ground height, and this is calculated as the position data of the observed point in the polar coordinate system, The data is stored in the drive control unit of the radar. Next, in the step of "setting of scanning method" in step 204, the scanning method of the laser radar for measuring the wind velocity vector is set for all the observation points obtained in step 203.
[0041]
In order to observe the wind speed vector of a certain observation point, it is necessary to perform horizontal scanning (scanning that changes only the azimuth angle without changing the elevation angle) in an azimuth section including the observation point and having a certain width. . Then, this horizontal scanning is performed for the observation point.
Note that the “azimuth section having a certain width” is a section of one arrow (← mark or → mark) shown in FIG. 4 or FIG.
In FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the scanning method is such that the observed points at the same ground level are continuously scanned in azimuth order or reverse order.
[0042]
For example, in FIG. 4, first, a horizontal scan of a predetermined width in the left direction is performed on the rightmost point to be observed on the contour ground line I in the figure, and the left-side observed point on the contour ground line I is sequentially detected. A horizontal scan of a predetermined width is performed on a point.
When the horizontal scanning for the leftmost observation point is completed, the apparatus moves to the leftmost observation point on the contour line II and performs a horizontal scan of a predetermined width in the right direction. A scanning method for performing horizontal scanning of a predetermined width in the right direction on the observation point on the right side of the line II is shown.
[0043]
In FIG. 5, first, a horizontal scan of a predetermined width is performed with respect to the positions (ie, observation points) of the two windmill-type anemometers attached to the tip of the pole actually installed at the construction site. Then, it moves to the observation point at the right end in the figure on the contour line I and performs horizontal scanning of a predetermined width.
Hereinafter, a scanning method for performing the same horizontal scanning as in FIG. 4 described above is shown.
[0044]
Next, the step of “laser radar (rider) observation of the pole position” in step S205 will be described.
First, wind speed observation is performed by a laser radar in a range including installation points of two windmill type anemometers installed at the tip of the pole.
At this time, in order to be able to calculate the wind speed vector in the next step S206, the azimuth section including the installation points of the two windmill type anemometers is observed by horizontal scanning.
Then, from the Doppler speed obtained in step S205, a wind speed vector at the same position as the wind direction anemometer installed on the pole is calculated.
[0045]
Next, a distance loop is started (step S207) and an altitude loop is started (step S208). According to the scanning method set in step S204, the azimuth is sequentially changed, and a laser radar observation on a contour line (a lidar observation). Is calculated, and the Doppler velocity is calculated, and the wind velocity vector of each observation point on the contour line is calculated from the obtained Doppler velocity. (Step S209)
In steps S207 to S211, the positions (distances) of all the observation points to be observed are determined based on the position data of the observation points preset in step S203 and the scanning method preset in step S204. , Azimuth, elevation) are automatically measured.
[0046]
Therefore, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 6, these processes are included in a double loop of the distance loop and the altitude loop.
Further, the procedure from step S205 to step S211 is repeated until the completion of observation is instructed.
In FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the scanning method is such that the observation points at the same ground height are continuously scanned in the azimuth order or the reverse order. Scanning may be performed in the forward or reverse order, and this may be repeated while changing the azimuth.
[0047]
In FIG. 5, first, a horizontal scan of a predetermined width is performed on the position of the windmill-type anemometer at the tip of the pole, and then a horizontal scan of a predetermined width is performed on each observation point. Although not shown, horizontal scanning of a predetermined width with respect to the position of the windmill-type anemometer at the tip of the pole may be at the end or midway of the observation point.
[0048]
As described above, in the second embodiment, first, a terrain observation where a wind power generation facility is to be installed is performed by a laser radar, and a predetermined distance from a position where the laser radar is installed is set at a position away from the position where the laser radar is installed. The altitude data on the ground surface is obtained, and the distance, azimuth angle, and elevation angle of the point that has moved upward from the predetermined position on the ground surface by the height of the observation target are calculated by geometric calculation, and this is calculated. The coordinates (position data) of the observation point are stored (set) in the drive control unit of the laser radar. (That is, the positions of all observed points are set and stored in the polar coordinate system.)
Next, the scanning method of the laser radar including the observation order of each observation point is set so that the wind direction and wind speed data of all the observation points can be obtained, and the observation point stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar is set. Automatically scans the laser radar according to the position data and the set scanning method, and sequentially measures the wind direction and wind speed at all the observation points.
[0049]
Therefore, once the position data of many observation points set in the polar coordinate system on the desired contour line is stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar, the number of observation points on the desired contour line is stored. Wind direction and wind speed data can be automatically measured, and accurate wind condition observation (measurement of wind direction and wind speed) at the site where the wind power generation facility is to be constructed can be automatically and easily performed.
In addition, a pole having a windmill-type anemometer attached to the tip is installed at the site where the wind power generation facility is to be constructed, and measurement data of the windmill-type anemometer is obtained. Also, by setting the observation point by the laser radar, it is possible to compare the measurement data by the windmill type anemometer and the measurement data by the laser radar, and it is possible to confirm whether the measurement by the laser radar is normal. In the above-described second embodiment, the description has been made on the assumption that there are a large number (plural) of observed points, but it is needless to say that the observed point may be one.
[0050]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram conceptually illustrating a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the third embodiment, and the wind direction and wind speed data measured by horizontally scanning a laser radar (rider) at a constant elevation angle. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a situation in which wind direction and wind speed data at a point to be observed on a contour line are interpolated by using the equation.
Like FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, FIG. 8 shows only a position at a certain constant distance from the laser radar 1.
The process up to measuring the position on the ground surface indicated by the mark △ by terrain observation using a laser radar and setting a point to be observed is the same as the method of the above-described second embodiment.
However, the method of beam scanning when measuring the wind speed by the laser radar is different from the method of the second embodiment.
[0051]
In the second embodiment (FIG. 4 or FIG. 5), horizontal scanning observation in a fixed azimuth section including each observation point is performed. In the present embodiment, however, as shown in FIG. First, scanning at a constant elevation angle (that is, horizontal scanning) is performed at a plurality of elevation angles.
In other words, the observation points for which wind direction and wind speed data are to be obtained are the positions on the contour lines I and II on the respective △ marks. In the present embodiment, first, a predetermined elevation angle is fixed. The horizontal scanning of the laser radar is performed while maintaining the above values, and the wind direction and wind speed at a plurality of positions above each mark (△ in the figure) are measured.
Then, when the measurement at a certain elevation angle is completed, the elevation angle is changed by a predetermined value, and the laser radar is horizontally scanned while maintaining the changed elevation angle, and the wind direction at the position above each mark (marked in the figure). Measure the wind speed.
In this way, while sequentially changing the elevation angle, the wind direction and the wind speed at the position above each mark (△ in the figure) are measured by horizontal scanning at a constant elevation angle.
[0052]
In this case, the wind speed vector (wind direction / wind speed) at the observation point itself is not directly measured.
Therefore, of the points directly measured by horizontal scanning at a constant elevation angle (◇ in the figure), two or more measured values that are close to (for example, vertically adjacent to) the observed point (●) To obtain a wind velocity vector at the observed point.
Note that a mark in the figure is referred to as a direct observation point.
[0053]
In the method according to the present embodiment, first, the laser radar is horizontally scanned at a predetermined fixed elevation angle, and the wind direction at a position vertically above each mark (that is, a direct measurement point indicated by a mark in the figure). Measure the wind speed.
The elevation angle is set independently of the observation distance so that measurement data of direct measurement points at a plurality of distances can be obtained simultaneously.
Therefore, when the number of observation points to be observed is large, the observation elevation angle can be reduced as compared with the measurement method of the above-described second embodiment, and as a result, the measurement time can be shortened.
[0054]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the third embodiment, which is a flowchart of the procedure of the observation method shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the planned wind turbine construction site according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The processing procedure from “topographic observation” in step S301 to “setting of a point to be observed” in step S303 is performed from “topographic observation” in step S201 shown in the flowchart of FIG. This is the same flow up to “setting of observation point”, and detailed description is omitted.
[0055]
In the wind direction and wind speed measurement method according to the present embodiment, the laser radar is horizontally scanned while changing the azimuth angle while the elevation angle is fixed, and the observation is performed at a position above each mark in FIG. 8 (mark in the figure). Do.
This observation is repeated for the number of elevation angles set in advance. (Step S304 to Step S306)
Next, among the Doppler velocities obtained in steps S304 to S306, first, using the elevation angle data horizontally scanned close to and upward from the position of the anemometer installed on the pole, Calculate the wind speed vector of the adjacent point.
In addition, a wind speed vector at a lower proximity point is calculated using elevation angle data horizontally scanned downward and close to the position of the anemometer.
The wind speed vector at the pole position is obtained by interpolating (ie, data interpolation) the wind speed vectors at the two altitudes. (Step S307)
[0056]
Next, in steps S304 to S306, of the Doppler velocities of a large number of direct measurement points (positions indicated by ◇ in FIG. 8) obtained by horizontal scanning at a constant elevation angle, the observed point (that is, FIG. The wind speed vector of the upper proximity point is calculated using the elevation angle data scanned close to the upper part of the contour line I or the contour line II above the mark (△).
Similarly, the wind velocity vector of the lower proximity point is calculated using the data of the elevation angle scanned downward and closer to the observation point.
By interpolating (interpolating) the wind speed vectors at the two altitudes, a wind speed vector at a desired observation point is obtained. (Step S308)
The above processing is performed for all the observation points, and the procedure of S304 to step S308 is repeated until the completion of observation is instructed.
[0057]
As described above, in the third embodiment, as in the case of the second embodiment, first, the topography of the wind turbine for wind power generation is scheduled to be installed by the laser radar, and the laser radar is installed. Obtain altitude data on a plurality of ground surfaces separated by a predetermined distance from the current position, and for points that have moved upward from the obtained plurality of predetermined positions on the ground surface by the observation target ground height, distance, azimuth, The elevation angle is calculated by a geometric calculation, and this is stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar as the coordinates (position data) of the observed point. (That is, the positions of all observed points are set and stored in the polar coordinate system.)
[0058]
Next, the laser radar is set to a predetermined elevation angle and horizontally scanned, and the wind direction and wind speed of the direct measurement point (◇) above the position of the observation point (△) on the ground surface are sequentially measured. It is stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar.
At this time, the wind direction and wind speed at the direct measurement points at different distances are also measured, and the measurement results are stored.
Further, the elevation angle of the laser radar is sequentially changed, the laser radar is horizontally scanned while maintaining the changed elevation angle constant, the same measurement processing is performed, and the measurement result is stored. At the same time, the position data (distance, azimuth, elevation) of these direct measurement points (点) are also stored.
[0059]
Next, based on the position data of the observed point and the position data of the direct measurement point (◇) stored in the drive control unit of the laser radar, two or two or more adjacent to the desired observed point (●) are obtained. Is selected, and interpolation is performed using the measured data at the selected two or two or more direct measurement points, and the interpolated data is used as wind direction and wind speed data at the observed point.
Therefore, according to the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present embodiment, since the laser radar only performs horizontal scanning at a constant elevation angle, it is easy to set the scanning method of the laser radar, Since it is not necessary to set the scanning method for each distance to the observation points, the measurement of the wind direction and the wind speed at many observation points can be performed efficiently.
In the above-described third embodiment, the description has been made on the assumption that there are a large number (plural) of observed points. However, as in the case of the first or second embodiment, there is only one observed point. Needless to say, it is good.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
The wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of a point to be observed in the wind turbine construction site by using a laser radar.
Inputting the position of the observed point in a rectangular coordinate system, converting the position data of the observed point input in the rectangular coordinate system into position data in a polar coordinate system, and converting the observed point into the polar coordinate system. Storing the position data of the observation point, and setting a scanning method of the laser radar in advance so that the wind direction and the wind speed of the observation point can be measured using the stored position data of the observation point. Then, according to a preset laser radar scanning method, the wind direction and the wind speed of the observed point are measured, so that it is possible to directly measure the wind direction and the wind speed of the observed point using the laser radar. In addition, the measurement work can be greatly reduced.
[0061]
Further, since the observation point of the wind direction and wind speed measurement method for the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is set at a predetermined position on the sea surface, even when the wind turbine wind turbine construction site is offshore, the laser It is possible to directly measure the wind direction and the wind speed of the observation point at a desired position on the sea surface by using the radar.
[0062]
The wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point at the wind turbine wind turbine construction site using a laser radar. Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface that is a predetermined distance from the installed position, and observing a point that has moved by a desired height above the predetermined position on the ground surface where the altitude data was obtained And calculating the position data of the observed point in the polar coordinate system, storing the calculated position data of the observed point, and using the stored position data of the observed point, Setting a scanning method of the laser radar in advance so that the wind direction and the wind speed can be measured, and measuring the wind direction and the wind speed of the observation point according to the preset scanning method of the laser radar. , It is possible to directly measure the wind direction and wind speed data of the point to be observed on the desired contour line, and it is easy to accurately observe the wind condition (measurement of wind direction and wind speed) at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation will be constructed Can be done.
[0063]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine planned construction site according to the present invention sets a plurality of observation points and automatically measures the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of observation points in a predetermined order. It is possible to directly and automatically measure the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point, and it is possible to easily obtain more accurate wind direction and wind speed data of the planned wind turbine wind turbine construction site.
[0064]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention is a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point in the wind turbine wind turbine construction site using a laser radar,
Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface that is a predetermined distance away from the position where the laser radar is installed, and determining a point moved by a desired height above the predetermined position on the ground surface where the altitude data was obtained. Storing the position data in the polar coordinate system of each of the observation points as the observation points, storing the position data in the polar coordinate system of a plurality of direct measurement points located above a predetermined position on the ground surface, Setting a plurality of predetermined elevation angles, horizontally scanning the laser radar at each set elevation angle, sequentially measuring wind directions and wind velocities of a plurality of direct measurement points, and storing the measurement results. A plurality of direct measurement points close to the observed point are selected from the obtained position data of the observed point and the stored position data of the plurality of direct measurement points. Since the wind direction and wind speed data at the point to be observed are interpolated using the wind direction and wind speed measurement data at the point, it is easy to set the scanning method of the laser radar, and it is necessary to set the scanning method for each distance to the point to be observed. Therefore, it is possible to easily and efficiently obtain the wind direction and wind speed data of the observation point by interpolation.
[0065]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention sets a plurality of observation points and automatically obtains the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of observation points in a predetermined order by interpolation. It is easy to set the scanning method of the laser radar, it is not necessary to set the scanning method for each distance to the observed point, and further, it is possible to easily obtain the wind direction and wind speed data of many observed points by interpolation. .
[0066]
Further, the wind direction and wind speed measurement method of the wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to the present invention measures the wind direction and wind speed by installing a pole of a predetermined height having a wind turbine type wind anemometer attached to the wind turbine wind turbine construction site. The vicinity of the installation position of the wind turbine type anemometer is added as a point to be observed, and the laser radar also measures the wind direction and wind speed at the added point to be observed. It is possible to compare the data measured using the data, and to confirm whether the measurement by the laser radar is normal.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a rectangular coordinate system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a polar coordinate system;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring a wind direction and a wind speed at a site where a wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram conceptually showing a method of measuring a wind direction and a wind speed at a site where a wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram conceptually showing a modified example of the method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring a wind direction and wind speed at a planned site for constructing a wind turbine for wind power generation according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reception waveform obtained when the ground surface is observed with a laser radar.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram conceptually illustrating a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed at a planned wind turbine wind turbine construction site according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring the wind direction and wind speed at a planned site for constructing a wind turbine for wind power generation according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional pole having a windmill-type anemometer attached to the tip.
FIG. 11 is a diagram conceptually showing how a wind direction wind speed at a desired altitude is estimated by a windmill type wind direction anemometer attached to the tip of a pole.
FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a method of measuring wind direction and wind speed at a predetermined altitude using a laser radar for observing weather parameters.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Laser radar (rider)
2 Ground surface
10 pole

Claims (7)

Using a laser radar, a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point at the wind turbine wind turbine construction site,
Inputting the position of the observed point in a rectangular coordinate system;
Converting the position data of the observed point input in a rectangular coordinate system into position data in a polar coordinate system;
Saving the position data of the observed point converted to a polar coordinate system;
Using the stored position data of the observed point, setting the scanning method of the laser radar in advance so that the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point can be measured,
A wind direction and wind speed measurement method for a wind turbine construction site at which a wind turbine is to be constructed, wherein a wind direction and a wind speed at the observation point are measured in accordance with a preset scanning method of the laser radar. The method according to claim 1, wherein the observation point is set at a predetermined position on the sea surface. Using a laser radar, a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point at the wind turbine wind turbine construction site,
Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface separated by a predetermined distance from a position where the laser radar is installed;
A point moved by a desired height upward from a predetermined position on the ground surface from which the altitude data was obtained is defined as a point to be observed, and position data of the point to be observed is calculated in a polar coordinate system. Storing the position data of the observation point;
Using the stored position data of the observed point, setting the scanning method of the laser radar in advance so that the wind direction and wind speed of the observed point can be measured,
A wind direction and wind speed measurement method for a wind turbine construction site at which a wind turbine is to be constructed, wherein a wind direction and a wind speed at the observation point are measured in accordance with a preset scanning method of the laser radar. The wind turbine for wind power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of observation points are set, and wind directions and wind speeds at the plurality of observation points are automatically measured in a predetermined order. Wind direction and wind speed measurement method for the construction site. Using a laser radar, a method of measuring the wind direction and wind speed of the observation point at the wind turbine wind turbine construction site,
Obtaining altitude data on the ground surface separated by a predetermined distance from a position where the laser radar is installed;
A step in which each point moved by a desired height upward from a predetermined position on the ground surface where the altitude data is obtained is the observed point, and storing the position data of the observed point in a polar coordinate system,
Storing position data in a polar coordinate system of a plurality of direct measurement points located above the predetermined position on the ground surface,
Setting the laser radar at a plurality of predetermined elevation angles, horizontally scanning the laser radar at each of the set elevation angles, sequentially measuring the wind direction and wind speed at the plurality of direct measurement points, and storing the measurement results. Has,
A plurality of direct measurement points close to the observed point are selected from the stored position data of the observed point and the stored position data of the plurality of direct measurement points. A method for measuring wind direction and wind speed at a planned wind turbine construction site for wind power generation, comprising interpolating wind direction and wind speed data of the observation point using wind direction and wind speed measurement data. 6. The wind direction and wind speed at a planned wind turbine construction site according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of observed points are set, and wind directions and wind speeds at the plurality of observed points are automatically obtained in a predetermined order by interpolation. Measurement method. At the site where the wind turbine for wind power generation is to be constructed, a pole with a predetermined height equipped with a wind turbine type anemometer is installed to measure the wind direction and wind speed. 7. The wind direction and wind speed measurement method for a wind turbine power generation wind turbine construction site according to claim 1, wherein the wind direction and wind speed at the added observation point are also measured by a laser radar.

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