JP2004099179A - Wooden pallet and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wooden pallet which has a sufficient strength even when a cedar material or a thinning material or the like having a soft wood quality is used, and can be manufactured without using nails, and for which the recycling process for waste wood materials can be efficiently performed. <P>SOLUTION: This wooden pallet P1 is constituted of a plurality of deck members 1, a plurality of beam members 2 which are connecting members, blocks 3, and joggles 5. Two beam members 2 are arranged in parallel with a specified interval, and the deck members 1 are respectively bonded to the upper and lower surfaces 20 and 21 of respective beam members 2 by joggle joining. At a central part of both beam members 2, three blocks 3 are arranged in parallel with the beam members 2 in a manner to be pinched by the upper and lower deck members 1. The blocks 3 are bonded to the deck members 1 on both end sides and the deck member 1 at the central part by joggle joining. An inserting part 4 is provided on the internal side of respective beam members 2 at a total of two locations. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to a wooden pallet and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, it is for carrying or storing goods by a cargo handling machine such as a forklift truck, and sufficient strength can be obtained even by using a soft material such as thinned cedar, The present invention relates to a device capable of efficiently performing a recycling process after disposal.

There are various types of wooden pallets based on a structure in which a plurality of thin rectangular deck boards are juxtaposed so as to be connected by a digit intersecting the deck boards, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 described later. Most of the joining between the deck board and the digit is performed by nailing, which facilitates the work (see FIG. 9).

木製 In addition, wooden pallets that are used in large quantities in various facilities such as warehouses and factories need to have sufficient strength to withstand use and to reduce manufacturing costs. For this reason, as a material of the wooden pallet, an external material such as a radiata pine made from New Zealand, which is inexpensive and relatively strong, is mainly used instead of a domestic cedar material or the like having a soft wood.

However, as described above, the conventional wooden pallet in which the deck board and the members such as the digits are joined by nailing and an external material is used as the material of each member has the following problems.
That is, since a large load is applied to each member such as when the wooden pallet is lifted and lowered by a forklift truck, the nails joining the members are easily loosened and come off in severe cases.
If the nails loosen and protrude from the surface of the deck board, the protruding parts can easily catch and damage the load. Further, if the nail is loosened or pulled out, the strength of the wooden pallet is reduced, and the wooden pallet is broken at the time of use, causing various problems such as dropping and damaging the luggage and injury to the operator.

In addition, wooden pallets are discarded after some degree of corrosion or damage. It is desirable that the waste material is formed into chips and processed into chip boards, or effectively used as a pulp material. However, for that purpose, it is necessary to pull out all the dozens of nails used per wooden pallet and to remove them from the waste material, and the work has been very time-consuming.
As described above, the task of removing nails is a bottleneck in the recycling process of wooden pallets, and most of the discarded wooden pallets are incinerated. However, in this case, since a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated by incineration, it cannot be said that this situation is desirable not only from the viewpoint of resource saving but also from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

Effective use of thinning materials generated in large quantities in mountainous areas has been an important issue in the past, and especially in Japan, the thinning materials of Japanese cedar with the largest plantation area are also used, for example, in the construction field and furniture manufacturing field. Its use has been attempted in various fields.
However, in practice, the cost of processing is a bottleneck, and most of the thinned wood of cedar is discarded in the mountainous areas, and it is hardly used effectively.
The present inventor is convinced that if some of the wooden pallets manufactured in large quantities can be made of Japanese cedar thinned wood or the like as the material, the above-mentioned problems can be solved or alleviated. After intensive research, the present invention was completed.

(Object of the present invention)
An object of the present invention is to provide a wooden pallet having sufficient strength even when soft wood such as cedar wood or thinned wood is used as a material, and a method for manufacturing the same.
Another object of the present invention is that it can be manufactured without using nails, and the waste material can be efficiently recycled without removing nails and the like as in the case of conventional wooden pallets. And a method of manufacturing the same.
Still another object is to solve the problem of the effective use of thinned wood by making it possible to use thinned wood of cedar etc. as a material of wooden pallets manufactured in large quantities. .

Means of the present invention taken to achieve the above object are as follows.
In the first invention,
A wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower portion of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one or more directions. ,
The deck member and the connecting member are characterized in that facing joints are joined or fixed by bonding dowels to dowel holes.
It is a wooden pallet.

In the second invention,
A wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower part of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one direction or a plurality of directions. ,
The deck member and the connecting member are characterized in that facing joints are joined or fixed by bonding a dowel to the dowel hole, and the dowel hole is provided so as not to penetrate in the thickness direction of the deck member.
It is a wooden pallet.

In the third invention,
The dowel is compressed with wood, the diameter of the dowel is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel hole provided in the deck member or the connecting member, and the deck member and the connecting member are provided with the adhesive component to the dowel inserted in the dowel hole. Characterized by being absorbed, expanded and joined
It is a wooden pallet according to the first or second invention.

In the fourth invention,
The deck board is mounted on the digit, and the digit and the deck board are joined at the contact surface by an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided use type two-sided insertion having two insertion portions,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the fifth invention,
That the digit is sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and that the digit and deck board are joined at the contact surface with adhesive and dowels using a single-sided two-way insert with two insertion parts in the width direction of the pallet. Features,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the sixth invention,
The digit is sandwiched between the deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided double-sided insert with two insertion parts in the width direction of the pallet. And
It is a wooden pallet.

In the seventh invention,
The deck board is mounted on the block, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided use type four-sided insert having four insertion portions,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the eighth invention,
The block is sandwiched between deck boards from both the upper and lower sides, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided four-sided insert having four insertion portions,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the ninth invention,
The block is sandwiched between deck boards from both the upper and lower sides, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided use type four-sided insertion having four insertion portions,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the tenth invention,
The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, block and deck board are joined at the contact surface with adhesive and dowels by a single-sided two-way insert with two insertion parts. And
It is a wooden pallet.

In the eleventh invention,
The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel by a double-sided double-sided insert having two insertion parts. Do
It is a wooden pallet.

In the twelfth invention,
The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided four-sided insert having four insertion parts. Do
It is a wooden pallet.

In the thirteenth invention,
The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface by an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided four-sided insert having four insertion portions. ,
It is a wooden pallet.

In the fourteenth invention,
The wooden deck member and the connecting member are joined or fixed by dowel joints,
This is a method for manufacturing wooden pallets.

In the fifteenth invention,
The dowel hole does not penetrate the wooden deck member and the connecting member in the thickness direction of the deck member, and is joined or fixed by dowel joint.
This is a method for manufacturing wooden pallets.

In the sixteenth invention,
As a material for the deck member, a plate obtained by sawing logs in the length direction and having different widths is used.
It is a method for manufacturing a wooden pallet according to the fourteenth or fifteenth invention.

In the seventeenth invention,
Manufacture a wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower side of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one or more directions. The system
A deck member provided with a dowel hole at a joint portion and a connecting member are transported without being assembled, and a dowel which is transported together with the deck member and the connecting member, or a dowel prepared on the site side where the deck member and the connecting member are assembled. Used, characterized by being manufactured by joining or fixing the deck member and the connecting member by dowel joints,
It is a wooden pallet manufacturing system.

The type of tree used as the material is not particularly limited, and various types of trees such as cedar wood, black pine wood, radiata pine wood and the like can be used. In addition, it is desirable to use thinned wood in order to keep the manufacturing cost of the pallets low, but it is not limited to thinned wood, and it may be made of mature wood or synthetic material. . Further, thinned wood, mature wood or synthetic material may be used in combination.
The shape of the deck member (deck board) is usually a plate-like body, but is not limited to this. For example, a square-shaped one or a bar having a semicircular cross section (so-called kamaboko shape) can be used. Can also be used.
Further, the number of deck members and the number of connecting members to be used are not particularly limited, and are appropriately set.

接着 The adhesive used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the wood material can be firmly bonded. For example, a vinyl acetate-based adhesive, a urethane-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, a rubber-based adhesive, an acrylic-based adhesive, or the like is used. When a urethane-based adhesive is used, a pallet having more excellent impact resistance can be obtained, and when an epoxy-based adhesive is used, a more robust pallet can be obtained.

The term "dowel" as used herein is widely used, for example, for joining components in the furniture and woodworking industries, and is usually wood. However, the structure for improving the strength of the pallet is not limited to wood, and other materials such as a synthetic resin can be used.
When the dowel is made of wood, hardwood beech or the like is used, but the material is not limited to this, and various types of wood can be used.

The size of the dowel is, for example, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, and 14 mm in diameter, and the length is generally 15 mm to 100 mm, but is not limited to the above size.
The shape of the dowel is generally three types, that is, a shape provided with a spiral groove on the outer peripheral surface, a shape provided with a straight groove, and a shape without a groove, but is not limited thereto. Further, in addition to a material formed by simply cutting a material, a material obtained by further compressing the material can be used.

The joining of the deck member (deck board) and the connecting member (digits, blocks) is 1. Adhesive is applied only to the dowel and the dowel hole, and the adhesive is bonded. It is joined by a method of attaching and bonding to a part or the whole of the method, and a method of attaching and bonding to a part or the whole surface of the joining surface without attaching the adhesive to the dowel and the dowel hole, It is not limited to either.
In addition to the structure in which the dowel hole does not penetrate the deck member in the thickness direction or the like, a structure in which the dowel hole penetrates in the thickness direction may be employed.

(Action)
The present invention operates as follows.
Since the deck member and the connecting member are joined by a dowel joint using a wooden dowel, the joint portion is unlikely to be loosened or disengaged, unlike joining by a nail.
In other words, even when thinning material such as cedar with soft wood is used as the material for the deck member and the connecting member, there is substantially no difference in the strength of the joints compared to the case where hard wood is used. Pallets have sufficient strength. Therefore, a thinned cedar or the like can be used as a material of each member without any trouble.

釘 Because nails are not used to join the deck member and the connecting member, there is no need to remove nails as in a conventional pallet when recycling waste materials. Therefore, after disassembly, the wooden pallet can be cut into pieces by directly applying the material to a chipper, so that the wood pallet can be efficiently processed into a chipboard or a pulp material that can be efficiently recycled.

(4) In the case where the dowel hole is provided so as not to penetrate in the thickness direction of the deck member, the hole does not open in the outer surface of the deck member, so that the appearance is not unsightly. In addition, an adhesive such as a bond is put into the dowel hole, and when the dowel is inserted, the adhesive overflows from the dowel hole, so that the bonding at the joint surface between the deck member and the connecting member is reliably performed, and the strength of the entire pallet is reduced. improves. Various functional components and chemicals such as a preservative can be mixed with an adhesive such as a bond.

The dowel is compressed with wood, the diameter of the dowel is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel hole provided in the deck member or the connecting member, and the deck member and the connecting member are provided with the adhesive component to the dowel inserted in the dowel hole. When the dowels are absorbed and expanded, the adhesive force of the adhesive and the force of expanding the dowels are combined, so that the dowels and the dowel holes are more firmly fixed, so that the joining between the deck member and the connecting member is reliably performed. This improves the strength of the pallet as a whole.
At the time of assembling (at the time of manufacture), the work of inserting the dowel into the dowel hole can be performed by hand, and the assembling work can be facilitated as compared with the case where the dowel is driven. Further, automation (mechanization) of assembly is facilitated.

As for the material of the deck member, the use of plate materials of different widths obtained by sawing logs in the length direction makes it possible to use thinned wood and logs of mature trees without waste, and to improve the yield. The cost can be kept low.

The present invention has the following effects.
(A) Since the deck member and the connecting member are joined by a dowel joint using a wooden dowel, the joint is unlikely to be loosened or disengaged, unlike joining with a nail.
In other words, even when thinning material such as cedar with soft wood is used as the material of the deck member and the connecting member, there is substantially no difference in the strength of the joints compared with the case where hard wood is used. Pallets have sufficient strength. Therefore, thinning materials of cedar, etc. can be used as a material of each member without any trouble, and these can be effectively used.

(B) Since nails are not used for joining the deck member and the connecting member, when recycling waste materials, there is no need to remove the nails as in a conventional pallet. Therefore, after dismantling, the wooden pallets can be discarded because the members can be cut into pieces as they are on a chipper and processed efficiently into chipboard or recycled into pulp. Since it is not necessary to incinerate the pallets that have been used, it is preferable from the viewpoint of resource saving and environmental conservation.

(C) In the case where the dowel hole is provided so as not to penetrate in the thickness direction of the deck member, the hole does not open on the outer surface of the deck member, so that the appearance is not unsightly.
Furthermore, an adhesive such as a bond is put into the dowel hole, and when the dowel is inserted, the adhesive overflows from the dowel hole, so that the bonding surface between the deck member and the connecting member is securely performed, and the strength of the entire pallet is improved. Is improved.

(D) The dowel is compressed with wood, the diameter of the dowel is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel hole provided in the deck member or the connecting member, and the deck member and the connecting member are bonded to the dowel inserted in the dowel hole with an adhesive. The components that are joined by absorbing and expanding the components are bonded together by the adhesive force of the adhesive and the expanding force of the dowel, so that the dowel and the dowel hole are more firmly fixed. This is performed reliably, and the strength of the entire pallet is improved.
At the time of assembling (at the time of manufacture), the work of inserting the dowel into the dowel hole can be performed by hand, and the assembling work can be facilitated as compared with the case where the dowel is driven. Further, automation (mechanization) of assembly is facilitated.

(E) As a material for the deck member, a material using a log material having a different width obtained by sawing logs in the length direction can use thinned wood and logs of mature trees without waste and improve the yield, Pallet manufacturing costs can be kept low.

(F) According to the method of transporting a material constituting a wooden pallet for transporting a deck member provided with a dowel hole in a joint portion and a connecting member without assembling, unlike the assembled pallet, the material is composed of a space. Since it can be accommodated and transported in a state where the inserted portion is not formed, there is no waste in the accommodation space, and the transportation cost per unit amount is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the pallets at low cost.

The present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a wooden pallet according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the wooden pallet shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 3 showing a dowel joint structure,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of the dowel.

(Embodiment 1)
The wooden pallet P <b> 1 includes a plurality of deck members 1, a plurality of digit members 2 and blocks 3 as connecting members, and a dowel 5. The deck member 1, the digit member 2, and the block 3 use lumber made of cedar thinned wood as a material.
Two digit members 2 are arranged in parallel at a required interval, and five deck members 1 are respectively joined (fixed or fixed) to upper and lower surfaces 20 and 21 of each digit member 2. Each deck member 1 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the digit member 2, and a gap 10 having a required width is provided between the deck members 1.

In addition, three blocks 3 are arranged in the middle part of both the digit members 2 in parallel with the digit members 2 so as to be sandwiched between the upper and lower deck members 1. The block 3 is joined (fixed or fixed) to the deck member 1 at both ends and the deck member 1 at the intermediate portion.
Inside the respective digit members 2, there are provided two insertion portions 4 for inserting a fork or a hanging string of a forklift truck between the block 3 and the block 3.

Next, the structure of the joint between the deck member 1, the digit member 2, and the block 3 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. FIG.
At each of the intersections of each deck member 1, each digit member 2, and each block 3, three joints are provided. The joint structure is a dowel joint.
That is, the dowel hole 12 is provided in the joint surface 11 of each deck member 1. The bottom of the dowel hole 12 is located in the middle of the thickness of the deck member 1 and does not penetrate the outer surface 13 side.
In addition, dowel holes 22 are provided on upper and lower surfaces 20 and 21 which are joining surfaces of each digit member 2, and dowel holes 32 are provided on upper and lower surfaces 30 and 31 which are joining surfaces of each block 3. ing.

First, each of the deck members 1, each of the digit members 2, and each of the blocks 3 are formed by first injecting or applying an appropriate amount of an adhesive to one of the dowel holes of each of the deck members 1 or each of the digit members 2 and each of the blocks 3. Then, an appropriate amount of adhesive is injected or applied to the other dowel hole, and is fitted into the protruding side of the inserted dowel 5, so that the joint surface 11 and the upper and lower surfaces 20, 21 and 30, 31 are fitted. And assembled by bonding. It is optional to attach an adhesive to the dowel 5 in advance. In the present embodiment, a vinyl acetate adhesive is used as the adhesive.

The dowel 5 uses beech as a material. The dowel 5 has a structure in which a number of spiral grooves (or stripes) 50 are provided on the outer peripheral surface as shown in FIG. The diameter of the dowel 5 is formed to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 provided in the deck member 1, the digit member 2 and the block 3 by compression. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the dowel 5 is formed to be 0.2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel holes 12, 22, 32, so that manual feeding can be performed with almost no resistance.
Further, the adhesive is put into the dowel holes 12, 22, 32, and the adhesive overflows from the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 when the dowel 5 is inserted, so that the overflowing adhesive causes the deck member 1, the digit member 2, and the block. 3 can be bonded widely, and the strength of the entire pallet is improved.

The dowel 5 expands by being inserted into the dowel holes 12, 22, and 32, to which an adhesive adheres and absorbs a component (liquid component) of the adhesive. Each deck member 1, each digit member 2, and each block 3 are more firmly fixed by the adhesive force of the adhesive and the force of the dowel 5 expanding. As a result, the deck member 1, the digit member 2 and the block 3 are securely joined, and the strength of the entire wooden pallet is improved.
The diameter of the dowel 5 is not limited to the diameter smaller than the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 as described above. May be assembled.

The size of the wooden pallet P1 of this embodiment is as follows: the size of the pallet is 1100 mm in length, 1100 mm in width, and 148 mm in thickness; the size of the deck member 1 is 1100 mm in length, 120 mm in width, 24 mm in thickness; Has a length of 1100 mm, a width of 50 mm, and a thickness of 100 mm, and the size of the block 3 has a length of 120 mm, a width of 70 mm, and a thickness of 100 mm, but is not limited thereto. The size of the dowel 5 is 40 mm in length and 11.8 mm in diameter, but is not limited to this.

(Operation)
The operation of the wooden pallet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As for the wooden pallet P1, the dowel 5 is adhered to the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 with an adhesive, so that a thinning material of soft cedar wood is used as a material of the deck member 1, the digit member 2, the block 3 or the dowel 5. Even in the case of using a nail, there is no loosening unlike the case where a nail is used, and there is substantially no difference in the strength of the joint portion as compared with the conventional one. Therefore, a thinned cedar or the like can be used as a material of each member without any trouble.

Since the wooden deck member 1 and the digit member 2 have a structure in which the wooden dowels 5 and the wooden dowel 5 are bonded together with an adhesive, the nails are removed even in the case of recycling, unlike the conventional method using nails. It can be cut into pieces as it is with a chipper without any trouble.
Therefore, even after being discarded, the wooden pallet P1 can be easily and efficiently converted into chips and processed into chipboard by using the waste material, or can be used as a pulp material.

In a conventional pallet using nails, rust is generated due to oxidation of the nails, and when articles are put on the pallet, rust may adhere to the pallet and lower the commercial value. Then, such a problem does not arise.

(4) The dowel holes 12, 22 are provided so as not to penetrate the outer surface side in the thickness direction of the deck member 1, and since the holes are not opened in the outer surface of the deck member 1, the appearance is not unsightly. Also, an adhesive such as a bond is put into the dowel holes 12 and 22 and the adhesive overflows from the dowel holes 12 and 22 when the dowel 5 is inserted, so that the bonding at the joining surface between the deck member 1 and the digit 2 is ensured. This is done to increase the strength of the entire pallet.

The diameter of the dowel 5 is formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 by compression, and the deck member 1 and the digit member 2 are attached to the dowels 5 inserted in the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 with adhesive. The components are absorbed, expanded and adhered.
As a result, the adhesive force of the adhesive and the force with which the dowel 5 expands inside the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 are combined, so that the dowel 5 and the dowel holes 12, 22, 32 are more firmly fixed. The dowel 2 and the block 3 are securely joined, and the strength of the entire wooden pallet is improved.

At the time of assembling (at the time of manufacture), the work of inserting the dowel 5 into the dowel holes 12, 22, and 32 can also be performed by hand, and assembling can be facilitated as compared with the case where the dowel is driven in, and automation (mechanization) of assembly is facilitated. .

In the production and use of the wooden pallet P1, a wooden pallet P1 may be transported or transported to a place where it is assembled in a factory in advance, but a deck member provided with dowel holes 12, 22, 32 at a joint portion. You may make it convey or transport in the state where 1 and the digit member 2 and the block 3 are not assembled.
By doing so, unlike the assembled wooden pallet, it can be densely stacked and housed in a luggage room or the like and transported in a state where the insertion portion 4 constituted by the space portion is not formed. There is no waste in space, and transportation costs per unit amount are low.

FIG. 6 is a perspective explanatory view showing another embodiment of the wooden pallet according to the present invention. In the wooden pallets P2 to P10 shown in the drawings, the same or equivalent parts as those of the wooden pallet P1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the structure will not be repeated. The material and size of each member of the wooden pallets P2 to P10 are the same as those of the wooden pallet P1.

(Embodiment 2)
The wooden pallet P2 shown in FIG. 6 (a) is a single-sided two-way insert having five deck members 1 mounted on three juxtaposed digit members 2 and having two insertion portions 4. It has a structure in which the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined together by an adhesive and a dowel 5 as in the case of the wooden pallet P1.

(Embodiment 3)
A wooden pallet P3 shown in FIG. 6 (b) is mounted so that three juxtaposed digit members 2 are sandwiched by deck members 1 from both upper and lower surfaces, and has a single-sided two-way type having two insertion portions 4. In the same manner as the wooden pallet P1, the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined by an adhesive and a dowel 5. The number of deck members 1 is three on the lower side, compared with five on the upper side.

(Embodiment 4)
The wooden pallet P4 shown in FIG. 6 (c) is attached so that three juxtaposed digit members 2 are sandwiched between five deck members 1 from the upper and lower surfaces, respectively. It has a two-sided insertion structure, in which the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined together with an adhesive and a dowel 5, similarly to the wooden pallet P1.
The wooden pallet P4 was subjected to a strength test based on the JIS standard together with a pallet P0 having a conventional structure (joined by nailing) described later together with the pallet P0 (shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 as comparative examples). Pallets compared. The test results of the wooden pallet P4 are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 described below.

(Embodiment 5)
The wooden pallet P5 shown in FIG. 6 (d) is a single-sided two-way insert having five deck members 1 mounted on three juxtaposed digit members 2 and having two insertion portions 4. It has a structure in which the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined together by an adhesive and a dowel 5 as in the case of the wooden pallet P1. Both end portions of each deck member 1 project outward from the digit members 2 on both sides by a required length.

(Embodiment 6)
The wooden pallet P6 shown in FIG. 6 (e) has three single-sided digit members 2 attached so as to be sandwiched between the deck members 1 from both upper and lower surfaces, and has a single-sided two-way type having two insertion portions 4. In the same manner as the wooden pallet P1, the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined by an adhesive and a dowel 5. Both ends of each deck member 1 on the upper side project outward from the digit members 2 on both sides by a required length. The number of deck members 1 is three on the lower side, compared with five on the upper side.

(Embodiment 7)
The wooden pallet P7 shown in FIG. 6 (f) is mounted so that three juxtaposed digit members 2 are sandwiched between five deck members 1 from the upper and lower surfaces, respectively. In the same manner as the wooden pallet P1, the digit member 2 and the deck member 1 are joined by an adhesive and a dowel 5. Both ends of the upper and lower deck members 1 project outward from the digit members 2 on both sides by a required length.

(Embodiment 8)
The wooden pallet P8 shown in FIG. 6 (g) has three connecting plates 6 mounted on a total of nine blocks 3 arranged in a row, three vertically and horizontally, and five decks on the connecting plate 6. The member 1 is mounted so as to be orthogonal, and has a single-sided, four-sided insertion structure having four insertion portions 4. 5 are joined.

(Embodiment 9)
The wooden pallet P9 shown in FIG. 6 (h) has three connecting plates 6 mounted on a total of nine blocks 3 arranged vertically and horizontally, three in total, and five decks on the connecting plate 6. The member 1 is mounted so as to be orthogonal, and three connecting plates 6 are mounted below the block 3 so as to be orthogonal to the connecting plate 6. The wooden pallet P9 is a single-sided, four-sided structure having four insertion portions 4, and the block 3 and the upper and lower connecting plates 6 and the deck member 1 are bonded with an adhesive and a dowel 5 like the wooden pallet P1. They are joined.

(Embodiment 10)
In the wooden pallet P10 shown in FIG. 6 (i), three connecting plates 6 are mounted on a total of nine blocks 3 arranged vertically and horizontally, and five decks are further mounted on the connecting plate 6. The members 1 are mounted so as to be orthogonal, and three connecting plates 6 and five deck members 1 are mounted below the block 3 in the same manner as above. The wooden pallet P10 is a double-sided four-sided insertion structure having four insertion portions 4, and the block 3 and the upper and lower connecting plates 6 and the deck member 1 are joined with the adhesive and the dowels 5 similarly to the wooden pallet P1. I have.

The wooden pallets P2 to P10 differ from the wooden pallet P1 only in functionality and design (appearance), and are substantially similar to each other in operation caused by joining each member by dowel joints. Omitted.

FIG. 7 is a perspective explanatory view showing an embodiment of a wooden pallet using deck members having different widths according to the present invention,
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a sawing method of a deck member used for the wooden pallet shown in FIG. In the drawings, the same or equivalent parts as those of the wooden pallet P1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the structure will not be repeated. The size of each member of the wooden pallet P11 is the same as that of the wooden pallet P1 except for the deck member 1.

(Embodiment 11)
The wooden pallet P11 has a structure similar to that of the wooden pallet P1 except that the width of the deck members 1 is not uniform and differs from each other.
Each deck member 1 uses a plate material obtained by sawing a thinned wood or an adult log (or log) as shown in FIG. In other words, the plate material becomes narrower as the distance from the center of the log increases, but since these are used almost as they are without adjusting the width, almost no scrap material is produced. Accordingly, the yield of logs is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the wooden pallet P11 can be reduced.

Next, the wooden pallet P4 and a pallet P0 (comparative example) having a conventional structure (nail-joining) are compared and studied based on the results of strength tests based on JIS standards.

(Comparative example)
The pallet P0 uses members having the same size as the wooden pallet P4, and has the same structure and size as the wooden pallet P4 except that the joining of the members is performed by nailing. The material used is not cedar wood but radiator pine wood which is currently most commonly used.
The deck member 1 and the digit member 2 are joined using three nails at each location. The nail used was a screw nail (made of stainless steel: 2 mm × 65 mm).
The test results of the pallet P0 are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 described later together with the test results of the wooden pallet P4.

Table 1 shows the results of the pallet bending test (JIS Z0602), Table 2 shows the results of the pallet lower deck member test (JIS Z0602), and Table 3 shows the results of the pallet drop test (JIS Z0602). It was done.

(Discussion)
According to the results of the pallet bending test shown in Table 1, the wooden pallet P4 (cedar material, dowel joint) according to the present invention sufficiently satisfies the JIS Z 604 standard value and has the conventional structure of the wooden pallet P0 (radiator pine material). It can be seen that the deflection rate is smaller than that of the pallet, and the rigidity of the entire pallet is excellent.

According to the test results of the lower deck member of the pallet shown in Table 2, the wooden pallet P4 (cedar material, dowel joint) according to the present invention sufficiently satisfies the JIS Z 604 standard value and has the conventional structure of the wooden pallet P0 (radiator). It can be seen that it has rigidity comparable to that of pine and nail joints.

According to the results of the drop test of the pallets shown in Table 3, the wooden pallets P4 (cedar wood, dowel joints) according to the present invention were not deformed at all, and sufficiently satisfied the JIS Z 604 standard value and were deformed. It can be seen that the pallet as a whole has excellent rigidity and rigidity as compared with the conventional wooden pallet P0 (radiator pine material, nailed).

As described above, since the wooden pallet P4 according to the present invention uses the cedar wood whose wood quality is softer than the radiata pine, the joining portion by the dowel joint is extremely strong compared with the nail joining. It can be seen that the pallet is fixed and hardly loosened even when a considerable load is applied to the pallet.

In addition, if the wooden material such as cedar wood is not soft, but a relatively hard wood such as radiata pine or black pine is used to join the dowels, a wooden pallet with even better robustness and rigidity can be obtained. It will be possible to provide.
Further, as can be seen from the above test results, a wooden pallet having sufficient strength can be manufactured even by using cedar thinning materials generated in a large amount in mountainous areas. It can be one of the effective usage methods.

The terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and do not exclude the terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions.
Further, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

The perspective view showing one embodiment of the wooden pallet concerning the present invention. The top view of the wooden pallet shown in FIG. XX sectional drawing in FIG. The A section enlarged view in FIG. 3 which shows a dowel joint structure. The perspective view which shows the structure of a dowel. The perspective explanatory view showing other embodiments of the wooden pallet concerning the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective explanatory view which shows embodiment of the wooden pallet using the deck member from which width differs which concerns on this invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a sawing method of a deck member used for the wooden pallet shown in FIG. 7. Sectional explanatory drawing which shows the joining structure of the member in the conventional wooden pallet.

Explanation of reference numerals

P1 Wooden pallet 1 Deck member 10 Gap 11 Joint surface 12 Dowel hole 13 Outer surface 2 Digit member 20 Top surface 21 Lower surface 3 Block 30 Upper surface 31 Lower surface 32 Dowel hole 4 Insertion part 5 Dowel 50 Groove P2 to P11 Wooden pallet 6 Connecting plate

Claims (17)

A wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower portion of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one or more directions. ,
The deck member and the connecting member are characterized in that facing joints are joined or fixed by bonding dowels to dowel holes.
Wooden pallets. A wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower portion of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one or more directions. ,
The deck member and the connecting member are characterized in that facing joints are joined or fixed by bonding a dowel to the dowel hole, and the dowel hole is provided so as not to penetrate in the thickness direction of the deck member.
Wooden pallets. The dowel is compressed with wood, the diameter of the dowel is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the dowel hole provided in the deck member or the connecting member, and the deck member and the connecting member are provided with the adhesive component to the dowel inserted in the dowel hole. Characterized by being absorbed, expanded and joined
The wooden pallet according to claim 1. The deck board is mounted on the digit, and the digit and the deck board are joined at the contact surface by an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided use type two-sided insertion having two insertion portions,
Wooden pallets. That the digit is sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and that the digit and deck board are joined at the contact surface with adhesive and dowels using a single-sided two-way insert with two insertion parts in the width direction of the pallet. Features,
Wooden pallets. The digit is sandwiched between the deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided double-sided insert with two insertion parts in the width direction of the pallet. And
Wooden pallets. The deck board is mounted on the block, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided use type four-sided insert having four insertion portions,
Wooden pallets. The block is sandwiched between deck boards from both the upper and lower sides, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface by an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided use type four-sided insert having four insertion portions,
Wooden pallets. The block is sandwiched between deck boards from both the upper and lower sides, and the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided use type four-sided insertion having four insertion portions,
Wooden pallets. The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, block and deck board are joined at the contact surface with adhesive and dowels by a single-sided two-way insert with two insertion parts. And
Wooden pallets. The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel by a double-sided double-sided insert having two insertion parts. Do
Wooden pallets. The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface with an adhesive and a dowel with a single-sided four-sided insert having four insertion parts. Do
Wooden pallets. The digit and the block are sandwiched between deck boards from both upper and lower sides, and the digit, the block and the deck board are joined at the contact surface by an adhesive and a dowel with a double-sided four-sided insert having four insertion portions. ,
Wooden pallets. The wooden deck member and the connecting member are joined or fixed by dowel joints,
Manufacturing method of wooden pallets. The dowel hole does not penetrate the wooden deck member and the connecting member in the thickness direction of the deck member, and is joined or fixed by dowel joint.
Manufacturing method of wooden pallets. As a material for the deck member, a plate obtained by sawing logs in the length direction and having different widths is used.
The method for producing a wooden pallet according to claim 14. Manufacture a wooden pallet having a required number of deck members connected at least on one side thereof by connecting members by connecting members, and a lower side of the deck members provided with insertion portions provided in one or more directions. The system
A deck member provided with a dowel hole at a joint portion and a connecting member are transported without being assembled, and a dowel which is transported together with the deck member and the connecting member, or a dowel prepared on the site side where the deck member and the connecting member are assembled. Used, characterized by being manufactured by joining or fixing the deck member and the connecting member by dowel joints,
Wooden pallet manufacturing system.

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