JP2004090882A - Pitching damping device for marine vessel - Google Patents

Pitching damping device for marine vessel Download PDF

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JP2004090882A
JP2004090882A JP2002258410A JP2002258410A JP2004090882A JP 2004090882 A JP2004090882 A JP 2004090882A JP 2002258410 A JP2002258410 A JP 2002258410A JP 2002258410 A JP2002258410 A JP 2002258410A JP 2004090882 A JP2004090882 A JP 2004090882A
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ship
water storage
fluid
storage chambers
air
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JP2002258410A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhisa Yanagi
柳  和久
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damping device for a marine vessel capable of effectively suppressing pitching developed by a marine vessel. <P>SOLUTION: A marine vessel 1 is provided with ballast tanks 4 and 5 which are arranged in a bow side 1and a stern side 2 respectively. The tanks 4 and 5 are J-shaped, and a tank 4 is provided with vertical type water storage chambers 6 and 7, and a fluid 9 is accumulated in the water storage chambers 6 and 7. In the shorter water storage chamber 7 of the water storage chambers 6 and 7, an air chamber 10 is provided in a closed state, and water surface height of the water storage chambers 6 and 7 is designed so that the higher water storage chamber 6 side is high. In the other tank 5, water storage chambers 11 and 12 are provided, and in the shorter water storage chamber 12 of the water storage chambers 11 and 12, an air chamber 14 is provided, and each of the water surface height of the water storage chambers 11 and 12 is designed so that the higher water storage chamber 11 side is high. The air chambers 10 and 14 serve as air springs, and the natural frequency of the air spring is made coincide with the natural frequency of pitching of the marine vessel 1, and the flow of the fluid 9 (phase) is set to be reverse direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、船舶の進行方向に対する船舶の縦揺れを抑制する船舶の減揺装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
客船やフェリー等の高品質船舶には、船体の揺れを防止する減揺装置が設けられている。
この船体の横揺れ(幅方向の揺れ、以下ローリングとも呼ぶ)を防止するための技術として、下記の特許文献1(特開平4−272530号公報)が開示されている。図9に示すように、船舶などの制振対象物51上に配置されたU字形の水槽52は、左右の竪型貯水室53,54と両者を連通する連通路61を設け、貯水室53,54には、水面上に密閉された空気室55,56を設けている。そして、これらの空気室55,56は、貯水室53,54間の流体の移動の際に、空気バネとしての役割を果たす。この空気バネの固有振動数は、制振対象物51のローリングの周期の固有振動数と一致するようにしている。
【0003】
左右の貯水室53,54の側部には、ベローズ57,58を設け、ベローズ57,58は励振装置59の駆動により水平方向に移動して、流体62の移動を促進することができる。また、水槽52に水槽内の圧力を検出する圧力計60を設け、制振対象物51には制振対象物51の振動の変位等を検出する振動検出器63を設置し、制御装置64によりベローズ57,58の動きを制御している。
このような構成により、制振対象物51は貯水室53の固有振動数を一定に保持した上で、制振対象物の振動と水槽52内の圧力に応じて制振タンク内部の流体の動きを促進させることにより、制振対象物51の揺れを減ずるようにしている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平4−272530号公報(第2欄〜第3欄、図1)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のような制振構造は、船舶のローリングを防止することができるが、船舶の進行方向の揺れである縦揺れ(以下、ピッチングともいう)を防止するには、船舶の船首と船尾までの長さが長く、そのような水槽を船首と船尾に設け、それらの水槽を連通することは、事実上困難である。
また、船体外部にフィンを取付けてフィンに作用する流体力によりピッチングを誘起する偶力を相殺するアイデアがある。そのフィンは、船舶の横揺れの抑制に用いられているが、ピッチングに関しては、船体外部に大掛かりなフィン構造を必要とし、船体への適用の障害になっている。
【0006】
さらに、その他の方法として、船体にピッチングを誘起する偶力が作用しにくいように、船体の形状を設定することが考えられるが、もともと船体形状は推進性能や復元性から決定されることから、形状の変更にも制約がありその効果も限られていた。
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、船舶のピッチングをコストが差ほどかからずに効果的に抑制することができる船舶の減揺装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の船舶の減揺装置は、船舶の進行方向に対する船舶の縦揺れを抑制する船舶の減揺装置において、船舶の船首及び船尾に水槽を設け、これらの水槽内に少なくとも2以上の貯水室を船舶の前後方向に併設するとともに各水槽内の貯水室を連通して貯水室間の交互の液体の流動を可能にし、この流動体の交互の流れを前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させ、かつ流動体の流動方向を前記船首及び船尾の水槽で流動体の重心が上下に逆方向になるようにし、流体の重心移動で生じる偶力を、船舶の揺れ方向と逆位相になるようにした。
船舶の進行方向に対する船舶の縦揺れを抑制する船舶の減揺装置において、船舶の船首及び船尾に水槽を設け、これらの水槽内に少なくとも2以上の貯水室を船舶の前後方向に併設するとともに各水槽内の貯水室を連通して貯水室間の交互の液体の流動を可能にし、この流動体の交互の流れを前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させ、かつ流動体の流動方向を前記船首及び船尾の水槽で逆方向になるようにした。
前記船舶の減揺装置は、前記船舶の船首及び船尾における各水槽の貯水室の少なくともいずれか1つの貯水室内の水面上に空気室を設け、該空気室のバネ効果を利用して、空気バネの固有振動数を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせることができる。
また、前記船舶の減揺装置は、前記流動体を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させるポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれか1つの装置と、船舶の縦方向の傾きと縦揺れの周期を検知するセンサーと、該センサーの値により前記ポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれかを制御する制御装置とを設けることができる。
さらに、前記船舶の減揺装置は、前記水槽の断面形状を前記船舶の側面方向から見てJ形状に形成することができ、前記船舶の船首及び船尾における水槽の貯水槽の水面高さに高低差を形成することもできる。
前記水槽は、バラストタンクの全部若しくは一部を利用することができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の第1の実施の形態の船舶の減揺装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、本発明に係る船舶1を示す。この船舶1は、主として客船やフェリーであり、船舶1の船首2及び船尾3には各々バラストタンク4,5を設けている。このバラストタンク4,5は船舶1のバランスをとるために船体に設置され、これらのバラストタンク4,5は船舶1の側面から見てJ字形状に形成した。
一方のバラストタンク4には、図3のAに示すように、船舶1の前後に竪型の貯水室6,7が設けられ、貯水室6,7は、連通路8により連通し、海水を取り入れた流体9がタンク4内に溜められている。貯水室6,7のうち背の低い方の貯水室7には、空気室10が設けられ、空気室10は密閉されている。また、背の高い方の貯水室6は、水面上に空気を密閉させてもよく、大気に対して開放させてもよい。そして、貯水室6,7の各水面高さは、背の高い方の貯水室6側が貯水室7よりもおよそ10m程度高くなるようにしている。
【0009】
他方のバラストタンク5には、図3のBに示すように、船舶1の前後に竪型の貯水室11,12が設けられ、貯水室11,12は、連通路13により連通し、海水を取り入れた流体9がタンク5内に溜められている。貯水室11,12のうち背の低い方の貯水室12には、空気室14が設けられ、空気室14は密閉されている。また、背の高い方の貯水室11は、水面上の空気を密閉させてもよく、大気に対して開放させてもよい。そして、貯水室11,12の各水面高さは、背の高い貯水室11側が高くなるようにしている。
バラストタンク4,5は、空気室10,14を設けることにより、貯水室6と7及び貯水室11と12の水面高さに高低差を設けて空気室10,14に空気バネ効果を与えた。すなわち、バラストタンク4,5の空気室10,14は、密閉室内の空気が空気バネ10a,14aとしての役割を果たし、流体9の重量等を踏まえて、その空気室の空気バネ10a,14aの固有振動数が船舶のピッチングの固有振動数に一致するようにしている。また、矢印a1,a2に示すように流体9の流れ(位相)が逆方向になるように設定した。なお、他方の貯水室6,11を密閉するときは、各々の空気室のバネ効果も考慮する。
【0010】
こうした、船舶1は海上にて進行中に、ピッチングによる揺れを受けると、バラストタンク4,5の流体9が空気室10,14の空気バネ10a,14aの振動を受け、流体9がピッチング振動数で直接加振することでタンク4,5内部の流体の振動を誘起せしめ、タンク4,5の内部流体9の重心変動を発生させる。この重心変動に伴い慣性力作用する。この慣性力を船首尾で互いに逆方向になるように加振すると船体の重心Gを中心にして偶力が作用するので、この偶力が波の作用モーメントと逆位相になるように調節することで船体に発生するピッチング運動を抑制する。
【0011】
すなわち、船舶1の先端が下がるような場合は、図1に示すように、船首のバラストタンク4の流体9が貯水室6の水位を上げるようにして重心を上方にずらし、船尾のバラストタンク5の流体9が貯水室11の水位を下げるようにして重心を下方にずらし、流体9の流れが船舶1の揺れと逆位相になるモーメントが作用する。そして、船舶1の先端が上がるような揺れの場合は、図2に示すように、タンク4,5の流体が逆の流れになって、船舶1の揺れを吸収する。
なお、船舶1が大型である場合は、ピッチングによる揺れはほとんど影響しないので、1万〜5万トン程度の船舶1に適用することが好ましい。また、船舶により差があるが、バラストタンク4,5の海水量は300〜1000トン程度であり、ピッチングの周期は5〜10秒位である。
【0012】
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態の船舶の減揺装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、上記実施の形態と同一名称部分については同一の符号を付して説明する。
図4は、図3のA及びBに示すバラストタンク4,5と基本的に同じ構造であるが、図3のA及びBに示すタンク4,5と異なる部分のみ説明する。本実施の形態では、船舶1のタンク4,5のうち、背の高い側の貯水室6,11の水面上が密閉され、図5のA及びBに示すように、空気室15,16が設けられている。そして、図4に示すように、タンク4,5の背の高い側同士の貯水室6(空気室15)と貯水室11(空気室16)との間に管路を介してポンプ17を接続し、背の低い側同士の貯水室7(空気室10)と貯水室12(空気室14)との間に管路を介してポンプ18を接続している。
【0013】
船舶1には、船舶1の進行方向における水平角を検出するとともに船舶1のピッチングの周期を検出するセンサー19を設けている。センサー19は制御装置20と接続され、制御装置20はセンサー19から入力したデータから判断してポンプ17,18の駆動を制御する。
本実施の形態では、タンク4,5の各空気室10,14,15,16に空気バネの作用を与え、タンク4の空気室10,15を合わせた空気バネの固有振動数を船舶1のピッチングの周期に合わせ、タンク5の空気室14,16を合わせた空気バネの固有振動数を船舶1のピッチングの周期に合わせ、流体9の流れ(位相)が逆方向になるように調整する。
【0014】
こうした船舶1の減揺装置では、タンク4,5の流体9が図4に示すようにそれぞれ矢印a1、a2の方向に流れるときは、一方のポンプ17を稼働させて、空気室15から空気室11へ空気を送り、流体9の流れを促進させる。また、流体9の流れが矢印a1、a2の方向と反対に流れるときは、他方のポンプ18を稼働させて、空気室10から空気室14へ空気を送り、流体9の流れを促進させる。これらのポンプ17,18の切り替えは、船舶1のピッチングに対応させてセンサー19と制御装置20で行う。
本実施の形態では、上記第1の実施の形態よりも、流体9の流れを促進することから、より船舶1の揺れを軽減することができる。
【0015】
次に、本発明の第3の実施の形態の船舶の減揺装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、上記実施の形態と同一名称部分については同一の符号を付して説明する。
図6は、図3のA及びBに示す船舶1のバラストタンク4,5と基本的に同じ構造であるが、図3のA及びBに示すタンク4,5と異なる部分のみ説明する。図6に示すようにタンク4,5の外部には駆動装置21,22が設けられ、タンク4,5の連通路8,13にはピストン23,24が設けられ、ピストン23,24は駆動装置21,22の駆動により、連通路8,13を船舶1の前後方向に摺動可能である。このピストン23,24の摺動方向は、上記第2の実施の形態で説明したセンサー19と制御装置20により駆動装置21,22を介して行われる。
バラストタンク4,5の空気室10,14は、密閉室内の空気が空気バネ10a,14aとしての役割を果たし、流体9の重量等を踏まえて、その空気室の空気バネ10a,14aの固有振動数が船舶のピッチングの固有振動数に一致するようにしている。また、矢印a1,a2に示すように流体9の流れ(位相)が逆方向になるように設定する(図3のA及びB参照)。
【0016】
こうした船舶1の減揺装置では、タンク4,5の流体9が図6に示すようにそれぞれ矢印a1、a2の方向に流れるときは、タンク4側の駆動装置21によりピストン23を船舶1の前方側に摺動させて流体9の流れをa1側へ促進させる。これと同時に、タンク5側の駆動装置22によりピストン24を船舶1の後方側に摺動させて流体9の流れをa2側へ促進させ、タンク4側の流体9の重心を上げ、タンク5側の流体9の重心を下げ、船舶1のピッチングの方向と逆の偶力を発生させる。
【0017】
船舶1の揺れが変わり、流体9の流れが矢印a1、a2の方向と反対に流れるときは、タンク4側の駆動装置21を船舶1の後方側に摺動させて流体9の流れをa1の方向と反対側へ流す。また、タンク5側の駆動装置22を船舶1の前方側に摺動させて流体9の流れをa2の方向と反対側へ流す。これらの駆動装置21,22の切り替えは、船舶1のピッチングに対応させてセンサー19と制御装置20で行う。
本実施の形態では、上記第1の実施の形態よりも、流体9の流れを促進することから、より船舶1の揺れを軽減することができる。
【0018】
次に、本発明の第4の実施の形態の船舶の減揺装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、上記実施の形態と同一名称部分については同一の符号を付して説明する。
図7は、図3のA及びBに示す船舶1のバラストタンク4,5と基本的に同じ構造であるが、図3のA及びBに示すタンク4,5と異なる部分のみ説明する。図7に示すようにタンク4,5の外部には駆動装置21,22とこの駆動装置21,22に取付けられているベローズ25,26が設けられている。ベローズ25,26は、タンク4,5の側壁に取付けられ、各々駆動装置21,22が駆動することにより、船舶1の前後方向に摺動することにより、タンク4,5内の流体9の流動を促進する。ベローズ25,26の摺動方向の周期は、上記第2の実施の形態で説明したセンサー19と制御装置20により駆動装置21,22を介して行われる。
バラストタンク4,5の空気室10,14は、密閉室内の空気が空気バネ10a,14aとしての役割を果たし、流体9の重量等を踏まえて、その空気室の空気バネ10a,14aの固有振動数が船舶のピッチングの固有振動数に一致するようにしている。また、矢印a1,a2に示すように流体9の流れ(位相)が逆方向になるように設定する(図3のA及びB参照)。
【0019】
こうした船舶1の減揺装置では、タンク4,5の流体9が図7に示すようにそれぞれ矢印a1、a2の方向に流れるときは、タンク4側の駆動装置21によりベローズ25を船舶1の前方側に縮ませて流体9の流れをa1側へ促進させる。これと同時に、タンク5側の駆動装置22によりベローズ26を船舶1の後方側にベローズ26を縮ませて流体9の流れをa2側へ促進させ、タンク4側の流体9の重心を上げ、タンク5側の流体9の重心を下げ、船舶1のピッチングの方向と逆の偶力を発生させる。
【0020】
流体9の流れが矢印a1、a2の方向と反対に流れるときは、タンク4側の駆動装置21により船舶1の後方側にベローズ25を伸ばして流体9の流れを矢印a1の反対側へ流動させる。また、タンク5側の駆動装置22により船舶1の前方側にベローズ26を伸ばして流体9の流れを矢印a2の反対側へ流動させる。これらの駆動装置21,22の切り替えは、船舶1のピッチングに対応させてセンサー19と制御装置20で行う。
本実施の形態では、上記第1の実施の形態よりも、流体9の流れを促進することから、より船舶1の揺れを軽減することができる。
【0021】
以上、本発明の各実施の形態について説明したが、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて、勿論、本発明は種々の変形または変更が可能である。
例えば、上記実施の形態では、各バラストタンク4,5の形状を船舶1の側面から視てJ字形状としたが、図8に示すバラストタンク27のよう船舶1の側面から視て凸形状にしてもよく、その場合は貯水室28〜30を3分割にした。空気室31,32を2室設けた。
上記第2の実施の形態では、ポンプ17,18に代えて空気室10,14にベローズを設けて流体9の流れを促進させてもよい。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明の船舶の減揺装置の請求項1は、船舶の進行方向に対する船舶の縦揺れを抑制する船舶の減揺装置において、船舶の船首及び船尾に水槽を設け、これらの水槽内に少なくとも2以上の貯水室を船舶の前後方向に併設するとともに各水槽内の貯水室を連通して貯水室間の交互の液体の流動を可能にし、この流動体の交互の流れを前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させ、かつ流動体の流動方向を前記船首及び船尾の水槽で流動体の重心が上下に逆方向になるようにし、流体の重心移動で生じる偶力を、船舶の揺れ方向と逆位相になるようにしたので、船舶にピッチングとは逆の偶力を与えることができ、船舶の揺れの軽減を図ることができる。
本発明の請求項2の発明は、前記船舶の船首及び船尾における各水槽の貯水室の少なくともいずれか1つの貯水室内の水面上に空気室を設け、該空気室のバネ効果を利用して、空気バネの固有振動数を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせるようにしたので、流動体の流動を引き起こすことができる。
本発明の請求項3の発明は、前記流動体を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させるポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれか1つの装置と、船舶の縦方向の傾きと縦揺れの周期を検知するセンサーと、該センサーの値により前記ポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれかを制御する制御装置とを設けたので、確実に船体のピッチングの周期に対応させて、それらの装置の駆動をすることができる。
本発明の請求項4の発明は、前記船舶の船首及び船尾における水槽の貯水槽の水面高さに高低差を形成したので、空気による空気バネ効果を得ることができる。
本発明の請求項5の発明は、前記水槽の断面形状を前記船舶の側面方向から見てJ形状に形成したので、貯水室に高低差を容易につくることができる。
前記水槽がバラストタンクの全部若しくは一部を利用したので、船舶に必要な既存の設備を利用して水槽を形成できるので、コスト最低限に抑えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1の実施の形態のバラストタンクのみを利用した船舶の減揺装置を採用している船舶の側面図である。
【図2】同実施の形態の船舶のバラストタンクの流動水が図1の船舶のバラストタンクの流動水と反対方向に流れている状態を示す側面図である。
【図3】Aは図1に示す船首側のバラストタンクの拡大図であり、Bは図1に示す船尾側のバラストタンクの拡大図である。
【図4】本発明の第2の実施の形態のポンプを利用した船舶の減揺装置を採用している船舶の側面図である。
【図5】Aは図4に示す船首側のバラストタンクの拡大図であり、Bは図4に示す船尾側のバラストタンクの拡大図である。
【図6】本発明の第3の実施の形態のピストンを利用した船舶の減揺装置を採用している船舶の側面図である。
【図7】本発明の第4の実施の形態のピストンを利用した船舶の減揺装置を採用している船舶の側面図である。
【図8】本発明のバラストタンクの変形例を示す断面図である。
【図9】従来のローリングに対する船舶の減揺装置を採用している船舶の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 船舶
2 船首
3 船尾
4,5 バラストタンク
6,7,11,12 貯水室
8,13 連通路
9 流体
10,14,15,16 空気室
10a,14a 空気バネ
17,18 ポンプ
19 センサー
20 制御装置
21,22 駆動装置
23,24 ピストン
25,26 ベローズ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ship rocking apparatus that suppresses pitching of a boat in the traveling direction of the boat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art High-quality ships, such as passenger ships and ferries, are provided with a rocking device that prevents the hull from shaking.
Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 4-272530) discloses a technique for preventing the hull from rolling (swinging in the width direction, hereinafter also referred to as rolling). As shown in FIG. 9, a U-shaped water tank 52 disposed on a vibration damping object 51 such as a ship is provided with a communication passage 61 for communicating left and right vertical water storage chambers 53 and 54 with each other. , 54 are provided with air chambers 55, 56 sealed on the water surface. These air chambers 55 and 56 serve as air springs when the fluid moves between the water storage chambers 53 and 54. The natural frequency of the air spring is set to match the natural frequency of the rolling cycle of the vibration control target 51.
[0003]
Bellows 57, 58 are provided on the side of the left and right water storage chambers 53, 54, and the bellows 57, 58 can move in the horizontal direction by the driving of the excitation device 59 to promote the movement of the fluid 62. In addition, a pressure gauge 60 for detecting the pressure in the water tank is provided in the water tank 52, a vibration detector 63 for detecting the displacement of vibration of the vibration control target 51 is installed on the vibration control target 51, and the control device 64 The movement of the bellows 57, 58 is controlled.
With such a configuration, the damping target 51 keeps the natural frequency of the water storage chamber 53 constant, and moves the fluid inside the damping tank according to the vibration of the damping target and the pressure in the water tank 52. , The vibration of the damping object 51 is reduced.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-272530 (columns 2 to 3, FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described vibration damping structure can prevent rolling of the ship, but in order to prevent pitching (hereinafter, also referred to as pitching), which is a swing in the traveling direction of the ship, the bow and stern of the ship are required. It is practically difficult to provide such tanks at the bow and stern and to communicate between the tanks.
Further, there is an idea that a fin is attached to the outside of the hull and a couple that induces pitching is canceled out by a fluid force acting on the fin. The fins are used for suppressing the roll of the ship. However, pitching requires a large-scale fin structure outside the hull, which hinders application to the hull.
[0006]
Furthermore, as another method, it is conceivable to set the shape of the hull so that a couple that induces pitching does not act on the hull, but since the hull shape is originally determined from propulsion performance and resilience, There were also restrictions on shape changes, and their effects were limited.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a ship rocking apparatus that can effectively suppress pitching of a ship without increasing the cost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The rocking device for a ship according to the present invention is a rocking device for a ship that suppresses pitching of the boat in the traveling direction of the boat, wherein water tanks are provided at the bow and stern of the boat, and at least two or more water storage chambers are provided in these water tanks. Along the front and rear direction of the vessel and communicate the water storage chambers in each water tank to allow alternate liquid flow between the water storage chambers, and adjust the alternate flow of this fluid in accordance with the pitching cycle of the vessel. The fluid is caused to flow, and the flow direction of the fluid is set so that the center of gravity of the fluid in the bow of the stern and the stern of the stern is in the opposite direction up and down, and the couple generated by the movement of the center of gravity of the fluid is in the opposite phase to the swing direction of the ship. I did it.
In a device for reducing the pitch of a ship in the direction of movement of the ship, a water tank is provided at the bow and stern of the ship, and at least two or more water storage chambers are provided in these tanks in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The alternating flow of the liquid between the water storage chambers is enabled by communicating the water storage chambers in the water tank, the alternating flow of the fluid is caused to flow in accordance with the pitching cycle of the ship, and the flow direction of the fluid is changed. The bow and stern tanks were reversed.
The rocking device for a ship includes an air chamber provided on a water surface in at least one of the water storage chambers of the water tanks at the bow and stern of the boat, and an air spring is provided by utilizing a spring effect of the air chamber. Can be matched to the pitching cycle of the ship.
In addition, the ship's anti-oscillation device may further include a pump, a bellows, and a piston that cause the fluid to flow in accordance with the ship's pitching cycle, and the ship's vertical tilt and pitching cycle. And a control device for controlling any one of the pump, the bellows, and the piston based on the value of the sensor.
Furthermore, the rocking device of the ship can form the cross-sectional shape of the water tank into a J shape when viewed from the side direction of the ship, and the height of the water tank at the bow and stern of the water tank can be changed. Differences can also be formed.
The water tank can use all or a part of the ballast tank.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, a ship rocking apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a ship 1 according to the present invention. The ship 1 is mainly a passenger ship or a ferry, and ballast tanks 4 and 5 are provided at a bow 2 and a stern 3 of the ship 1, respectively. The ballast tanks 4 and 5 are installed on the hull in order to balance the ship 1, and these ballast tanks 4 and 5 are formed in a J-shape when viewed from the side of the ship 1.
As shown in FIG. 3A, one of the ballast tanks 4 is provided with vertical water storage chambers 6 and 7 before and after the ship 1, and the water storage chambers 6 and 7 communicate with each other through a communication passage 8 to supply seawater. The taken-in fluid 9 is stored in the tank 4. An air chamber 10 is provided in the lower water storage chamber 7 of the water storage chambers 6 and 7, and the air chamber 10 is sealed. In addition, the tall water storage chamber 6 may seal air on the water surface or may open the air to the atmosphere. The height of each water surface of the water storage chambers 6 and 7 is set so that the height of the water storage chamber 6 on the taller side is about 10 m higher than the water storage chamber 7.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 3B, the other ballast tank 5 is provided with vertical water storage chambers 11 and 12 before and after the ship 1, and the water storage chambers 11 and 12 communicate with each other through a communication passage 13 to supply seawater. The taken-in fluid 9 is stored in the tank 5. An air chamber 14 is provided in the lower water storage chamber 12 of the water storage chambers 11 and 12, and the air chamber 14 is sealed. In addition, the tall water storage chamber 11 may seal the air above the water surface or may open the air to the atmosphere. The water level of each of the water storage chambers 11 and 12 is set to be higher on the side of the water storage chamber 11 that is taller.
The ballast tanks 4 and 5 are provided with the air chambers 10 and 14, so that the water chambers 6 and 7 and the water chambers 11 and 12 are provided with a height difference to give the air chambers 10 and 14 an air spring effect. . That is, in the air chambers 10 and 14 of the ballast tanks 4 and 5, the air in the closed chamber serves as the air springs 10a and 14a, and the air springs 10a and 14a of the air chambers The natural frequency is made to match the natural frequency of pitching of the ship. Also, the flow (phase) of the fluid 9 was set to be in the opposite direction as shown by arrows a1 and a2. When the other water storage chambers 6 and 11 are sealed, the spring effect of each air chamber is also taken into consideration.
[0010]
When the marine vessel 1 is shaken by pitching while traveling on the sea, the fluid 9 in the ballast tanks 4, 5 receives the vibration of the air springs 10a, 14a of the air chambers 10, 14, and the fluid 9 has a pitching frequency. Vibration of the fluid inside the tanks 4 and 5 is induced by directly vibrating the fluids, thereby causing the center of gravity of the fluid 9 inside the tanks 4 and 5 to fluctuate. An inertial force acts with this change in the center of gravity. When this inertia force is applied to the bow and stern in opposite directions, a couple acts around the center of gravity G of the hull, so adjust so that this couple has the opposite phase to the wave acting moment. Suppresses the pitching motion generated in the hull.
[0011]
That is, when the tip of the ship 1 is lowered, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluid 9 in the ballast tank 4 at the bow raises the water level in the water storage chamber 6 to shift the center of gravity upward, and the ballast tank 5 The fluid 9 moves the center of gravity downward so as to lower the water level of the water storage chamber 11, and a moment acts such that the flow of the fluid 9 has an opposite phase to the sway of the ship 1. Then, in the case of a swing such that the tip of the boat 1 rises, as shown in FIG. 2, the fluids in the tanks 4 and 5 flow in opposite directions to absorb the shake of the boat 1.
In addition, when the ship 1 is large, it is preferable to apply to the ship 1 of about 10,000 to 50,000 tons because the swing due to pitching has almost no effect. Further, although there is a difference depending on the ship, the amount of seawater in the ballast tanks 4 and 5 is about 300 to 1000 tons, and the pitching cycle is about 5 to 10 seconds.
[0012]
Next, a ship swaying device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that portions having the same names as those in the above embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
FIG. 4 has basically the same structure as the ballast tanks 4 and 5 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, but only the portions different from the tanks 4 and 5 shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, among the tanks 4 and 5 of the marine vessel 1, the water surfaces of the water storage chambers 6 and 11 on the tall side are sealed, and as shown in FIGS. Is provided. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a pump 17 is connected via a pipe between the water storage chamber 6 (air chamber 15) and the water storage chamber 11 (air chamber 16) on the tall sides of the tanks 4, 5. A pump 18 is connected between the water storage chambers 7 (air chambers 10) and the water storage chambers 12 (air chambers 14) on the short sides.
[0013]
The boat 1 is provided with a sensor 19 that detects a horizontal angle in the traveling direction of the boat 1 and detects a pitching cycle of the boat 1. The sensor 19 is connected to the control device 20, and the control device 20 controls the driving of the pumps 17 and 18 based on the data input from the sensor 19.
In the present embodiment, the air chambers 10, 14, 15, 16 of the tanks 4, 5 are provided with the action of an air spring, and the natural frequency of the combined air springs of the air chambers 10, 15 of the tank 4 is set to In accordance with the pitching cycle, the natural frequency of the air spring combined with the air chambers 14 and 16 of the tank 5 is adjusted in accordance with the pitching cycle of the vessel 1 so that the flow (phase) of the fluid 9 is in the opposite direction.
[0014]
When the fluid 9 in the tanks 4 and 5 flows in the directions of arrows a1 and a2, respectively, as shown in FIG. Air is sent to 11 to promote the flow of fluid 9. When the flow of the fluid 9 flows in the direction opposite to the directions of the arrows a1 and a2, the other pump 18 is operated to send air from the air chamber 10 to the air chamber 14, thereby promoting the flow of the fluid 9. The switching between the pumps 17 and 18 is performed by the sensor 19 and the control device 20 in accordance with the pitching of the boat 1.
In the present embodiment, since the flow of the fluid 9 is promoted more than in the first embodiment, the sway of the boat 1 can be further reduced.
[0015]
Next, a ship rocking apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that portions having the same names as those in the above embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
FIG. 6 has basically the same structure as the ballast tanks 4 and 5 of the ship 1 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, but only the portions different from the tanks 4 and 5 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 6, driving devices 21 and 22 are provided outside the tanks 4 and 5, and pistons 23 and 24 are provided in the communication passages 8 and 13 of the tanks 4 and 5, respectively. The communication passages 8 and 13 can be slid in the front-back direction of the marine vessel 1 by driving the units 21 and 22. The sliding direction of the pistons 23 and 24 is performed by the sensor 19 and the control device 20 described in the second embodiment via the driving devices 21 and 22.
In the air chambers 10 and 14 of the ballast tanks 4 and 5, the air in the closed chamber serves as the air springs 10a and 14a, and the natural vibrations of the air springs 10a and 14a in the air chambers take into account the weight of the fluid 9 and the like. The number matches the natural frequency of the pitching of the ship. Further, the flow (phase) of the fluid 9 is set to be in the opposite direction as shown by arrows a1 and a2 (see A and B in FIG. 3).
[0016]
When the fluid 9 in the tanks 4 and 5 flows in the directions of arrows a1 and a2, respectively, as shown in FIG. 6, the piston 23 is moved forward of the vessel 1 by the driving device 21 on the tank 4 side. Side to promote the flow of the fluid 9 to the a1 side. At the same time, the piston 24 is slid to the rear side of the boat 1 by the driving device 22 on the tank 5 side to promote the flow of the fluid 9 to the a2 side, and the center of gravity of the fluid 9 on the tank 4 side is raised. Lowers the center of gravity of the fluid 9 to generate a couple opposite to the direction of pitching of the vessel 1.
[0017]
When the sway of the ship 1 changes and the flow of the fluid 9 flows in the direction opposite to the directions of the arrows a1 and a2, the driving device 21 on the tank 4 is slid to the rear side of the ship 1 to change the flow of the fluid 9 Flow in the opposite direction. Further, the drive device 22 on the tank 5 side is slid to the front side of the marine vessel 1 to flow the flow of the fluid 9 to the side opposite to the direction of a2. The switching of the driving devices 21 and 22 is performed by the sensor 19 and the control device 20 in accordance with the pitching of the boat 1.
In the present embodiment, since the flow of the fluid 9 is promoted more than in the first embodiment, the sway of the boat 1 can be further reduced.
[0018]
Next, a ship rocking apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that portions having the same names as those in the above embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
FIG. 7 has basically the same structure as the ballast tanks 4 and 5 of the ship 1 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, but only the parts different from the tanks 4 and 5 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 7, driving devices 21 and 22 and bellows 25 and 26 attached to the driving devices 21 and 22 are provided outside the tanks 4 and 5. The bellows 25 and 26 are attached to the side walls of the tanks 4 and 5, and are slid in the front-rear direction of the marine vessel 1 by driving the driving devices 21 and 22, respectively. To promote. The period of the bellows 25, 26 in the sliding direction is performed by the sensor 19 and the control device 20 described in the second embodiment via the drive devices 21, 22.
In the air chambers 10 and 14 of the ballast tanks 4 and 5, the air in the closed chamber serves as the air springs 10a and 14a, and the natural vibrations of the air springs 10a and 14a in the air chambers take into account the weight of the fluid 9 and the like. The number matches the natural frequency of the pitching of the ship. Further, the flow (phase) of the fluid 9 is set to be in the opposite direction as shown by arrows a1 and a2 (see A and B in FIG. 3).
[0019]
When the fluid 9 in the tanks 4 and 5 flows in the directions of arrows a1 and a2, respectively, as shown in FIG. 7, the bellows 25 is moved forward by the driving device 21 on the tank 4 side. Side to promote the flow of the fluid 9 to the a1 side. At the same time, the bellows 26 is contracted rearward of the vessel 1 by the driving device 22 on the tank 5 side to promote the flow of the fluid 9 to the a2 side, and the center of gravity of the fluid 9 on the tank 4 side is raised. The center of gravity of the fluid 9 on the fifth side is lowered, and a couple opposite to the pitching direction of the vessel 1 is generated.
[0020]
When the flow of the fluid 9 flows in the direction opposite to the directions of the arrows a1 and a2, the bellows 25 is extended to the rear side of the boat 1 by the driving device 21 on the tank 4 side to cause the flow of the fluid 9 to flow to the opposite side of the arrow a1. . Further, the bellows 26 is extended to the front side of the marine vessel 1 by the driving device 22 on the tank 5 side to cause the flow of the fluid 9 to flow to the opposite side of the arrow a2. The switching of the driving devices 21 and 22 is performed by the sensor 19 and the control device 20 in accordance with the pitching of the boat 1.
In the present embodiment, since the flow of the fluid 9 is promoted more than in the first embodiment, the sway of the boat 1 can be further reduced.
[0021]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can, of course, be variously modified or changed based on the technical idea of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the shape of each of the ballast tanks 4 and 5 is J-shaped when viewed from the side of the boat 1. However, the ballast tanks 4 and 5 are formed into a convex shape as viewed from the side of the boat 1 as shown in FIG. In that case, the water storage chambers 28 to 30 are divided into three. Two air chambers 31 and 32 were provided.
In the second embodiment, bellows may be provided in the air chambers 10 and 14 instead of the pumps 17 and 18 to promote the flow of the fluid 9.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Claim 1 of the present invention relates to a device for suppressing the vertical movement of a ship in the direction of travel of the ship. The above-mentioned water storage chambers are provided in the front-rear direction of the ship, and the water storage chambers in each of the water tanks are communicated with each other to allow alternate liquid flow between the water storage chambers. The fluid is caused to flow in accordance with the cycle, and the flow direction of the fluid is set so that the center of gravity of the fluid in the water tank at the bow and the stern is opposite to the vertical direction. Since the phases are set to be opposite to each other, a couple opposite to pitching can be given to the ship, and the sway of the ship can be reduced.
The invention of claim 2 of the present invention provides an air chamber on the water surface in at least one of the water storage chambers of each of the water tanks at the bow and stern of the ship, utilizing a spring effect of the air chamber, Since the natural frequency of the air spring is adjusted to the pitching cycle of the ship, the flow of the fluid can be caused.
The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is directed to a pump, a bellows, and a piston for causing the fluid to flow in accordance with the pitching cycle of the vessel, and a vertical tilt and pitching cycle of the vessel. And a control device for controlling any one of the pump, bellows and piston based on the value of the sensor, so that these devices are reliably driven in accordance with the pitching cycle of the hull. be able to.
According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention, since the height difference is formed in the water surface height of the water tank of the water tank at the bow and stern of the ship, an air spring effect by air can be obtained.
In the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, the water tank is formed in a J-shape when viewed from the side of the vessel, so that a height difference can be easily formed in the water storage chamber.
Since the water tank uses all or a part of the ballast tank, the water tank can be formed by using existing facilities necessary for the ship, so that the cost can be minimized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a boat adopting a boat rocking device using only a ballast tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which flowing water of a ballast tank of the ship of the embodiment is flowing in a direction opposite to that of the ballast tank of the ship of FIG. 1;
3A is an enlarged view of the ballast tank on the bow side shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the ballast tank on the stern side shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a boat employing a boat rocking device using a pump according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5A is an enlarged view of the ballast tank on the bow side shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of the ballast tank on the stern side shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a boat employing a boat rocking device using a piston according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a boat employing a boat rocking device using a piston according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the ballast tank of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a side view of a conventional boat employing a rolling motion reducing device for rolling.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Bow 3 Stern 4, 5 Ballast tank 6, 7, 11, 12 Water storage chamber 8, 13 Communication passage 9 Fluid 10, 14, 15, 16 Air chamber 10a, 14a Air spring 17, 18 Pump 19 Sensor 20 Control device 21,22 Drives 23,24 Pistons 25,26 Bellows

Claims (6)

船舶の進行方向に対する船舶の縦揺れを抑制する船舶の減揺装置において、船舶の船首及び船尾に水槽を設け、これらの水槽内に少なくとも2以上の貯水室を船舶の前後方向に併設するとともに各水槽内の貯水室を連通して貯水室間の交互の液体の流動を可能にし、この流動体の交互の流れを前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させ、かつ流動体の流動方向を前記船首及び船尾の水槽で流動体の重心が上下に逆方向になるようにし、流体の重心移動で生じる偶力を、船舶の揺れ方向と逆位相になるようにしたことを特徴とする船舶の減揺装置。In a device for reducing the pitch of a ship in the direction of travel of the ship, a water tank is provided at the bow and stern of the ship, and at least two or more water storage chambers are provided in these tanks in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The alternating flow of the liquid between the water storage chambers is enabled by communicating the water storage chambers in the water tank, the alternating flow of the fluid is caused to flow in accordance with the pitching cycle of the ship, and the flow direction of the fluid is changed. The center of gravity of the fluid is made to be in the vertical direction in the bow and the stern of the stern, and the couple generated by the movement of the center of gravity of the fluid is made to be in the opposite phase to the swing direction of the ship. Anti-rolling device. 前記船舶の船首及び船尾における各水槽の貯水室の少なくともいずれか1つの貯水室内の水面上に空気室を設け、該空気室のバネ効果を利用して、空気バネの固有振動数を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の船舶の減揺装置。An air chamber is provided on the water surface in at least one of the water storage chambers of each of the water tanks at the bow and stern of the ship, and the natural frequency of the air spring is determined by utilizing the spring effect of the air chamber. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is adapted to a pitching cycle. 前記流動体を前記船舶の縦揺れの周期に合わせて流動させるポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれか1つの装置と、船舶の縦方向の傾きと縦揺れの周期を検知するセンサーと、該センサーの値により前記ポンプ、ベローズ及びピストンのいずれかを制御する制御装置とを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の船舶の減揺装置。Any one of a pump, a bellows, and a piston for causing the fluid to flow in accordance with the pitching cycle of the ship, a sensor for detecting the vertical tilt and pitching cycle of the ship, and a value of the sensor 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a control device configured to control any one of the pump, the bellows, and the piston. 4. 前記船舶の船首及び船尾における水槽の貯水槽の水面高さに高低差を形成したことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の船舶の制御装置。The ship control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a height difference is formed in a water surface height of a water tank of a water tank at a bow and a stern of the ship. 前記水槽の断面形状を前記船舶の側面方向から見てJ形状に形成したことを特徴とする請求項1〜4に記載のいずれか1項に記載の船舶の制御装置。The vessel control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cross section of the water tank is formed in a J shape when viewed from a side direction of the vessel. 前記水槽がバラストタンクの全部若しくは一部を利用してなることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の船舶の制御装置。The ship control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water tank uses all or a part of a ballast tank.
JP2002258410A 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Pitching damping device for marine vessel Pending JP2004090882A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012161424A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 탱크테크 주식회사 External motor-type bidirectional pump
JP5611494B1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-10-22 特許機器株式会社 Ship engine damping device
KR20150133359A (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-30 현대중공업 주식회사 Roll stabilization device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012161424A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 탱크테크 주식회사 External motor-type bidirectional pump
CN103562062A (en) * 2011-05-26 2014-02-05 容器科技有限公司 External motor-type bidirectional pump
CN103562062B (en) * 2011-05-26 2016-03-02 容器科技有限公司 There is the two-way pump of external motors
JP5611494B1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-10-22 特許機器株式会社 Ship engine damping device
WO2015097730A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 特許機器株式会社 Ship-engine damping device
CN104918851B (en) * 2013-12-27 2017-02-08 特许机器株式会社 Ship-engine damping device
KR20150133359A (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-30 현대중공업 주식회사 Roll stabilization device
KR101940345B1 (en) * 2014-05-19 2019-01-21 현대중공업 주식회사 Roll stabilization device

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