JP2004089240A - Oral cavity tissue observation device - Google Patents

Oral cavity tissue observation device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004089240A
JP2004089240A JP2002250897A JP2002250897A JP2004089240A JP 2004089240 A JP2004089240 A JP 2004089240A JP 2002250897 A JP2002250897 A JP 2002250897A JP 2002250897 A JP2002250897 A JP 2002250897A JP 2004089240 A JP2004089240 A JP 2004089240A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
illumination
light
oral cavity
output signal
signal level
Prior art date
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Pending
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JP2002250897A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keiichi Sato
佐藤 圭一
Shigetoshi Kanazawa
金澤 成寿
Takemi Oketa
桶田 岳見
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2002250897A priority Critical patent/JP2004089240A/en
Publication of JP2004089240A publication Critical patent/JP2004089240A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oral cavity tissue observation device with excellent handleability capable of easily and visually recognizing dental caries, parts left without being brushed and plaque, or the like. <P>SOLUTION: This oral cavity tissue observation device is provided with an illumination means 11, a photodetection means 12 for detecting light emitted from the inside of an oral cavity by the illumination means, a control means 13 for controlling the illumination means and the photodetection means, and a signal processing means 14 for processing signals from the photodetection means. The control means 13 changes illumination intensity corresponding to an output signal level from the photodetection means. A dental caries part is stably found without being influenced by the progress degree of the dental caries and the parts left without being brushed and the plaque, or the like, are found as well. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、口腔内のう蝕、特に初期う蝕を早期に、かつ安全に発見することができ、また磨き残しやプラーク等の歯の汚れも容易に視認できる口腔内観察装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の歯科健診では、目に見えない初期の虫歯の判定に、図4に示すような、探針1を握り部2の操作で、歯3の溝やくぼみの部分をつつくことにより、粘性があればごく初期の虫歯の疑いがある要観察歯(CO)、歯の中に針がすぽっと入れば虫歯(C)という基準で診断が行われてきた。また家庭をおいても、歯ブラシ等による日常のケア後の磨き残しやプラーク等の歯の汚れを、鏡で視認していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の歯科健診では、初期の虫歯を探針1でひっかき過ぎることで歯質を破壊し、自然治癒力(歯の再石灰化)を損なう恐れがあるということが問題視されてきた。このため、日本学校歯科医会では先のとがった針で歯を触診する「探針」の使用をやめ、視診に切り替える方針を2002年5月に決定されたという背景がある。また、海外においても視診が主流ではあるが、視診では歯科医間での個人差が大きく、不必要に歯の切削等の治療を行ってしまうという問題があった。また家庭においても、歯ブラシ等による日常のケアが、効果的に行われているかどうかの判断、認識が困難であり、磨き残しやプラーク等の歯の汚れが放置されることで、自然治癒可能な初期う蝕から歯科治療が必要な段階のう蝕まで進行してしまう場合もあるという問題があった。
【0004】
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、う蝕の進行度合いに影響されず、安定してう蝕部や、磨き残し、あるいはプラーク等を発見することができる口腔組織観察装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、本発明の口腔組織観察装置は、口腔内を照明するための照明手段と、前記照明手段により口腔内から発する光を検出する光検出手段と、前記照明手段および前記光検出手段を制御する制御手段と、前記検出手段からの信号を処理する信号処理手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、前記光検出手段からの出力信号レベルに応じて照明強度を変化させるようにしたものである。
【0006】
これにより、蛍光強度の弱いう蝕部を観察しているときには照明強度を上げ、蛍光強度が強く十分にう蝕部が視認できるう蝕部を観察しているときは照明強度を下げることにより、う蝕の進行度合いに影響されず、安定してう蝕部を発見することができるとともに磨き残しやプラーク等も発見することができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項1に記載の発明は、口腔内を照明するための照明手段と、前記照明手段により口腔内から発する光を検出する光検出手段と、前記照明手段および前記光検出手段を制御する制御手段と、前記光検出手段からの信号を処理する信号処理手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、前記光検出手段からの出力信号レベルに応じて照明強度を変化させるようにした口腔組織観察装置としたことにより、蛍光強度の弱いう蝕部を観察しているときには照明強度を上げ、蛍光強度が強く十分にう蝕部が視認できるう蝕部を観察しているときは照明強度を下げて、う蝕の進行度合いに影響されず、安定してう蝕部を発見することができるとともに磨き残しやプラーク等も発見することができる。
【0008】
請求項2に記載の発明は、制御手段は、光検出手段からの出力信号レベルを記憶する記憶手段を備え、予め記憶した前記出力信号レベルの範囲を越えないと照明手段からの照明を停止する請求項1に記載の口腔組織観察装置としたことにより、口腔内の歯の健全部からの蛍光強度と大きな隔たりがある場合、つまり観察をやめ口腔に向けていたハンドピース部を口腔から離し、光源からの光が歯を照射しない場合には、照明を停止する構成とすることで、無駄な電力を抑えることができる。
【0009】
請求項3に記載の発明は、制御手段は、一定時間、光検出手段からの出力信号レベルの変化が無ければ、照明手段からの照明を停止する請求項1または2に記載の口腔組織観察装置としたことにより、口腔内の観察を停止したなどでハンドピース部に動きがない場合には、照明を停止することで、無駄な電力を抑えることができる。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下本発明の実施例について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
【0011】
(実施例1)
図1は本発明の実施例1における口腔組織観察装置を示すものである。
【0012】
図に示すように、ハンドピース部10内に収納され、口腔内を照明するための照明手段11は、光源固定部22に固定されたLEDなどの光源23〜25と照明用光ファイバー20から構成され、ハンドピース部10の照明口17から主に歯50を始めとする口腔組織を照明する。以下、口腔組織として歯を中心に説明するが、歯に限られるものではない。照明された歯の情報は、観察口18から観察用光ファイバー19を経由して撮像素子21に届けられるようになっている。照明手段11により口腔内から発する光を検出する光検出手段12は、前記した観察用光ファイバー19と撮像素子21から構成されている。
【0013】
なお、図1では照明手段11には照明用光ファイバー20が、光検出手段12では観察用光ファイバー19が設けられているが、必ずしも必要ではなく、光源固定部22および撮像素子21が歯50に直接対向する構成としてもよい。
【0014】
制御手段13は、前記照明手段11および前記光検出手段12を制御するものである。制御手段13によって光源固定部22は回転し、照明用光ファイバー20と位置が合致する光源の光を照明することで、第一の光源23、第二の光源24、第三の光源24と切り替えることができる。図2の場合は、第一の光源23が選択され照明用光ファイバー20と位置が合致した状態となっている。
【0015】
歯50に紫外光などの光を照射すると、健全部とう蝕部とではスペクトルの異なる蛍光を発することはよく知られている。そこで第一の光源23として白色光、第二の光源24として330nm〜380nmの紫外光、第三の光源25として510nm〜560nmの緑色光を用いることで、白色光では程度の進んだう蝕を観察することができる。しかしながら、初期う蝕は白色光では発見が難しいため、第二、第三の光源24、25として波長の異なった光を用いることで、程度の進んだう蝕のみならず、初期う蝕の発見が容易になる。図2の場合は3種類の光源であるが、波長域の異なる光源を増やすことによって、ある特定の波長の光源では見落とされる恐れのあるう蝕にも対応することができる。
【0016】
撮像素子21で検出された歯の情報は、信号処理手段14によって画像情報に変換されケーブル16を介して、信号出力手段15によって画像表示される。
【0017】
また、図3に示すように、光検出手段12として、撮像素子21に加えて光強度検出素子40〜42を付加することで、歯の画像表示だけでなく、歯に光を照射することで発する蛍光強度を検出し、う蝕あるいはプラーク等の歯の汚れを容易に画像として表示することができる。第一から第三の光強度検出素子40〜42の各素子での検出強度の平均をとることで素子の位置による検出強度のばらつきを低減することができる。素子数を増やすことで、よりばらつきを低減することができるので、光強度検出素子は3個に限るものではない。
【0018】
歯50の健全部からの蛍光強度と第一のう蝕部51や第二のう蝕部52からの蛍光強度が異なることから、健全部からの蛍光強度を基準値として設定しておくと、う蝕部を観察したときの蛍光強度の基準値からの差はう蝕の進行程度により異なり、初期う蝕のようにう蝕があまり進行していない箇所では映像では、う蝕の進んだ箇所ほど鮮明に視認しにくい場合が発生する。
【0019】
本実施例では、光強度検出素子40〜42の検出信号強度に応じて、光源23〜25の照明強度を変化させるものである。すなわち、歯50において、第一のう蝕部51とより進行が進んでいない第二のう蝕部52を観察したとき、蛍光強度の弱い第二のう蝕部52には照明強度を上げ、蛍光強度が強く十分にう蝕部が視認できる第一のう蝕部51を観察しているときは照明強度を下げるよう制御する。このことにより、う蝕の進行度合いに影響されず、安定してう蝕部を発見することができ、同時に、磨き残しやプラーク等も発見することができる。
【0020】
(実施例2)
次に、本発明の実施例2における口腔組織観察装置について、図1に基づいて説明する。
【0021】
本実施例は、制御手段13は、光検出手段12からの出力信号レベルを記憶する記憶手段26を備え、予め記憶した前記出力信号レベル以下の場合は照明手段11からの照明を停止するようにしている。すなわち、歯50の第一のう蝕部51や第二のう蝕部52を観察する際に、歯50を始めとする口腔内における他の歯の健全部からの蛍光強度を記憶手段26で記憶しておき、記憶手段26で得られた蛍光強度に達しない場合は、照明手段11からの照明を停止する。つまり口腔に向けていたハンドピース部10を口腔から離し、光源からの光が歯を照射しない場合には、照明を停止する構成とすることで、無駄な電力を抑えることができ、また光源にレーザー光を用いた場合は、目に入ることを防ぐこともできる。
【0022】
(実施例3)
次に、本発明の実施例3における口腔組織観察装置について、図1に基づいて説明する。
【0023】
本実施例は、制御手段13は、一定時間、光検出手段12からの出力信号レベルの変化が無ければ、照明手段11からの照明を停止するようにしている。すなわち、歯50の第一のう蝕部51や第二のう蝕部52を観察する際に、一定時間、光検出手段12からの出力信号レベルの変化が無ければ、照明手段11からの照明を停止する。つまり観察を停止したなどでハンドピース部10に動きがない場合に、照明を停止することで、無駄な電力を抑えることができる。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明の口腔組織観察装置は、蛍光強度の弱いう蝕部を観察しているときには照明強度を上げ、蛍光強度が強く十分にう蝕部が視認できるう蝕部を観察しているときは照明強度を下げることにより、う蝕の進行度合いに影響されず、安定してう蝕部を発見することができるとともに磨き残しやプラーク等も発見することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例1〜3における口腔組織観察装置の全体構成図
【図2】同装置の照明手段部の正面図
【図3】同装置の光検出手段の正面図
【図4】従来の口腔組織観察装置における観察状態を示す説明図
【符号の説明】
11 照明手段
12 光検出手段
13 制御手段
14 信号処理手段
15 信号出力手段
23〜25 第一〜第三の光源
26 記憶手段
40〜42 第一〜第三の光強度検出素子
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an intraoral observation device that can detect caries in an oral cavity, particularly an initial caries, early and safely, and that can easily visually recognize uncleaned teeth and tooth stains such as plaque. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional dental checkup, in order to judge an invisible initial tooth decay, as shown in FIG. Diagnosis has been made on the basis of a very early stage of a tooth requiring observation (CO), which is suspected of being a decayed tooth, and a decayed tooth (C) if a needle is inserted into the tooth. In addition, even at home, dirt on teeth such as unpolished teeth and plaque after daily care using a toothbrush or the like was visually observed with a mirror.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional dental checkup, it has been regarded as a problem that if the initial caries are scratched by the probe 1 too much, the dentin may be destroyed and the natural healing power (remineralization of teeth) may be impaired. Was. For this reason, the Japanese School Dental Association has decided in May 2002 to stop using the "probe" to palpate teeth with a pointed needle and switch to visual inspection. In addition, although inspection is the mainstream overseas, there is a large individual difference between dentists in inspection, and there is a problem that unnecessary treatment such as tooth cutting is performed. Also at home, it is difficult to determine and recognize whether daily care using a toothbrush or the like is being performed effectively, and natural healing can be achieved by leaving unpolished teeth and plaque and other stains on teeth. There is a problem that the dental caries may progress from the initial caries to the caries at the stage where dental treatment is required.
[0004]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides an oral tissue observation device capable of stably finding a carious portion, unpolished portion, or plaque without being affected by the degree of progress of caries. It is intended to do so.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the oral tissue observation device of the present invention includes an illumination unit for illuminating the inside of the oral cavity, a light detection unit for detecting light emitted from the oral cavity by the illumination unit, the illumination unit and the illumination unit. Control means for controlling light detection means, and signal processing means for processing signals from the detection means, wherein the control means changes the illumination intensity according to the output signal level from the light detection means It was done.
[0006]
Thereby, by increasing the illumination intensity when observing the carious part with weak fluorescence intensity, and decreasing the illumination intensity when observing the carious part where the fluorescence intensity is strong enough to be visible. It is possible to stably find a carious part without being influenced by the degree of caries progression, and also to find unpolished parts, plaque and the like.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 is an illumination unit for illuminating the inside of the oral cavity, a light detection unit for detecting light emitted from the inside of the oral cavity by the illumination unit, and a control unit for controlling the illumination unit and the light detection unit. And a signal processing unit for processing a signal from the light detection unit, wherein the control unit is an oral tissue observation device configured to change illumination intensity according to an output signal level from the light detection unit. Thus, when observing a carious part having a weak fluorescent intensity, the illumination intensity is increased, and when observing a carious part where the fluorescent intensity is strong and the carious part is sufficiently visible, the illumination intensity is decreased. It is possible to stably find the carious part without being affected by the degree of progress of the erosion, and also to find unpolished parts, plaque and the like.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the control unit includes a storage unit for storing the output signal level from the light detection unit, and stops the illumination from the illumination unit unless the output signal level exceeds a range of the previously stored output signal level. By using the oral tissue observation device according to claim 1, when there is a large gap between the fluorescence intensity from the healthy part of the teeth in the oral cavity, that is, the handpiece part that stopped observation and was directed to the oral cavity was separated from the oral cavity, When the light from the light source does not irradiate the teeth, the illumination is stopped, so that useless power can be suppressed.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the control means stops the illumination from the illumination means if there is no change in the output signal level from the light detection means for a certain period of time. Accordingly, when there is no movement in the handpiece part due to, for example, stopping the observation in the oral cavity, by stopping the illumination, it is possible to suppress unnecessary power.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 shows an oral tissue observation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0012]
As shown in the figure, an illuminating unit 11 housed in a handpiece unit 10 and illuminating the inside of the oral cavity includes light sources 23 to 25 such as LEDs fixed to a light source fixing unit 22 and an optical fiber 20 for illumination. Then, the oral cavity mainly including the teeth 50 is illuminated from the illumination port 17 of the handpiece unit 10. Hereinafter, the oral tissue will be mainly described with respect to teeth, but is not limited to teeth. The information of the illuminated tooth is delivered from the observation port 18 to the image sensor 21 via the observation optical fiber 19. The light detecting means 12 for detecting the light emitted from the inside of the oral cavity by the illuminating means 11 is composed of the above-mentioned observation optical fiber 19 and the image pickup device 21.
[0013]
In FIG. 1, an illumination optical fiber 20 is provided in the illumination means 11, and an observation optical fiber 19 is provided in the light detection means 12. However, this is not always necessary, and the light source fixing part 22 and the imaging element 21 are directly attached to the teeth 50. It is good also as a structure which opposes.
[0014]
The control means 13 controls the illumination means 11 and the light detection means 12. The control unit 13 rotates the light source fixing unit 22 to illuminate the light of the light source whose position matches the optical fiber 20 for illumination, thereby switching between the first light source 23, the second light source 24, and the third light source 24. Can be. In the case of FIG. 2, the first light source 23 is selected and the position matches the position of the illumination optical fiber 20.
[0015]
It is well known that irradiating the tooth 50 with light such as ultraviolet light emits fluorescence having different spectra between the healthy part and the carious part. Thus, by using white light as the first light source 23, ultraviolet light of 330 nm to 380 nm as the second light source 24, and green light of 510 nm to 560 nm as the third light source 25, the degree of dental caries is reduced with white light. Can be observed. However, since the initial caries are difficult to detect with white light, using light of different wavelengths as the second and third light sources 24 and 25 allows not only advanced caries but also discovery of the initial caries. Becomes easier. In the case of FIG. 2, there are three types of light sources. By increasing the number of light sources having different wavelength ranges, it is possible to cope with caries that may be overlooked by a light source of a specific wavelength.
[0016]
The information on the teeth detected by the image sensor 21 is converted into image information by the signal processing unit 14 and is displayed as an image by the signal output unit 15 via the cable 16.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, by adding light intensity detecting elements 40 to 42 as the light detecting means 12 in addition to the image pickup element 21, not only image display of the teeth but also light irradiation to the teeth can be performed. By detecting the intensity of the emitted fluorescent light, it is possible to easily display dental images such as dental caries or plaque as an image. By averaging the detection intensities of the first to third light intensity detection elements 40 to 42, variations in the detection intensities due to the positions of the elements can be reduced. Variation can be further reduced by increasing the number of elements, so that the number of light intensity detection elements is not limited to three.
[0018]
Since the fluorescence intensity from the healthy part of the tooth 50 and the fluorescence intensity from the first carious part 51 and the second carious part 52 are different, if the fluorescence intensity from the healthy part is set as a reference value, The difference from the reference value of the fluorescence intensity when observing the carious part differs depending on the degree of caries progression. In places where caries have not progressed much like the initial caries, the image shows the places where caries have advanced In some cases, it is difficult to see the image clearly.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the illumination intensity of the light sources 23 to 25 is changed according to the detection signal intensity of the light intensity detection elements 40 to 42. That is, in the teeth 50, when observing the first carious part 51 and the second carious part 52 that has not progressed further, the illumination intensity is increased for the second carious part 52 with weak fluorescence intensity, When observing the first carious part 51 in which the fluorescence intensity is strong and the carious part is sufficiently visible, control is performed so as to reduce the illumination intensity. As a result, a carious part can be stably found without being affected by the degree of progress of caries, and at the same time, unpolished parts, plaque and the like can be found.
[0020]
(Example 2)
Next, an oral tissue observation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, the control means 13 includes a storage means 26 for storing the output signal level from the light detection means 12, and stops the illumination from the illumination means 11 when the output signal level is lower than the previously stored output signal level. ing. That is, when observing the first carious part 51 and the second carious part 52 of the tooth 50, the storage unit 26 stores the fluorescence intensity from the healthy part of the other teeth in the oral cavity including the tooth 50. If the fluorescence intensity obtained by the storage unit 26 does not reach the storage, the illumination from the illumination unit 11 is stopped. In other words, when the handpiece unit 10 directed to the oral cavity is separated from the oral cavity and the light from the light source does not irradiate the teeth, the illumination is stopped, so that unnecessary power can be suppressed. When laser light is used, it can be prevented from entering the eyes.
[0022]
(Example 3)
Next, an oral tissue observation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0023]
In this embodiment, the control unit 13 stops the illumination from the illumination unit 11 if there is no change in the output signal level from the light detection unit 12 for a certain period of time. That is, when observing the first carious part 51 and the second carious part 52 of the tooth 50, if there is no change in the output signal level from the light detecting means 12 for a certain period of time, the illumination from the lighting means 11 To stop. That is, when the handpiece unit 10 does not move due to a stop of observation or the like, stopping the illumination makes it possible to suppress unnecessary power.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the oral tissue observation device of the present invention increases the illumination intensity when observing a carious part having a low fluorescence intensity, and observes a carious part where the carious part is sufficiently visible when the fluorescence intensity is strong. By reducing the illumination intensity, the caries can be stably found without being affected by the degree of progress of caries, and unpolished or plaque can be found.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an oral tissue observation apparatus according to Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of an illumination unit of the apparatus. FIG. 3 is a front view of a light detection unit of the apparatus. Explanatory diagram showing an observation state in a conventional oral tissue observation device [Description of reference numerals]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Illumination means 12 Light detection means 13 Control means 14 Signal processing means 15 Signal output means 23 to 25 First to third light sources 26 Storage means 40 to 42 First to third light intensity detection elements

Claims (3)

口腔内を照明するための照明手段と、前記照明手段により口腔内から発する光を検出する光検出手段と、前記照明手段および前記光検出手段を制御する制御手段と、前記光検出手段からの信号を処理する信号処理手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、前記光検出手段からの出力信号レベルに応じて照明強度を変化させるようにした口腔組織観察装置。Illuminating means for illuminating the inside of the oral cavity, light detecting means for detecting light emitted from the oral cavity by the illuminating means, control means for controlling the illuminating means and the light detecting means, and signals from the light detecting means And a signal processing unit that processes the light intensity, wherein the control unit changes the illumination intensity according to the output signal level from the light detection unit. 制御手段は、光検出手段からの出力信号レベルを記憶する記憶手段を備え、予め記憶した前記出力信号レベルの範囲を越えないと照明手段からの照明を停止する請求項1に記載の口腔組織観察装置。The oral tissue observation according to claim 1, wherein the control means includes a storage means for storing an output signal level from the light detection means, and stops the illumination from the illumination means unless the output signal level exceeds a range of the previously stored output signal level. apparatus. 制御手段は、一定時間、光検出手段からの出力信号レベルの変化が無ければ、照明手段からの照明を停止する請求項1または2に記載の口腔組織観察装置。The oral tissue observation device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit stops the illumination from the illumination unit if there is no change in the output signal level from the light detection unit for a predetermined time.
JP2002250897A 2002-08-29 2002-08-29 Oral cavity tissue observation device Pending JP2004089240A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006345908A (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-28 Morita Mfg Co Ltd Dental lighting system and instrument for dental clinical use
WO2022037218A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 河南医学高等专科学校 Lighting device for observation and examination in pediatric oral internal medicine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006345908A (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-28 Morita Mfg Co Ltd Dental lighting system and instrument for dental clinical use
JP4496135B2 (en) * 2005-06-13 2010-07-07 株式会社モリタ製作所 Dental lighting device and dental medical device
WO2022037218A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 河南医学高等专科学校 Lighting device for observation and examination in pediatric oral internal medicine

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