JP2004074065A - Filtration apparatus and filtration method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration apparatus and a filtration method having an excellent filtration capability and a low running cost. <P>SOLUTION: The filtration apparatus provided with an outer cylinder 12, a filtration cylinder 11 installed in the outer cylinder 12, fluid exits communicating with the outer cylinder 12, fluid exits communicating with the filtration cylinder, is characterized in that the filtration cylinder 11 is composed by layering a plurality of ring plates 23 and among a plurality of ring plates 23, a prescribed number of the ring plates 23 are made to be elastic corrugated type ring plates 23b by deforming the laminated face sides in corrugated state and is further provided with a pressing means for pushing the laminated ring plates 23 and closely attaching laminated face sides of the neighboring ring plates 23 to each other against the elastic force of the corrugated type ring plates. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid filtration device and a filtration method.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a filtration device, a device using a membrane filter such as a Ro membrane, an MF membrane, and a UF membrane has been widely used. Since these membrane-type filtration devices cannot avoid clogging due to foreign matter, they are backwashed with high-pressure air or washing water to remove foreign matter and recover their filtering ability. However, since the mesh of the film is finely formed, it is difficult to completely remove foreign matter by such a backwashing method. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently replace the membrane, which not only requires maintenance, but also increases running costs.
[0003]
Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration device and a filtration method which have excellent filtration performance and low running cost. .
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, the present invention provides a filtration device comprising: an outer cylinder, a filtration cylinder disposed in the outer cylinder, a fluid port connected to the outer cylinder, and a fluid port connected to the filtration cylinder. The cylinder is formed by laminating a plurality of ring plates, and a required number of ring plates among the plurality of ring plates form a corrugated ring plate having elasticity deformed so that the lamination surface side is wavy, and are laminated. It is characterized in that a pressing means is provided for pressing the ring plate to deform the corrugated ring plate against the elastic force to bring the lamination surfaces of the adjacent ring plates into close contact with each other.
[0005]
The filtration device according to this configuration is configured as a foreign substance by adjusting a pressing force acting in a direction in which a plurality of ring plates forming a filtration tube are brought into close contact with each other, a pressure of raw water when passing through a gap between adjacent ring plates, and the like. The components in the liquid to be removed can be selected.
In addition, when the filtration capacity is reduced due to foreign matter clogging, when the pressing force applied to the ring plate is removed and the ring plate is opened, the force elastically returning to the original shape of the corrugated ring plate is obtained. As a result, even if the ring plates are tightly adhered to each other due to the adhesive force of the foreign matter, they can be easily separated from each other, and the gap therebetween can be increased. By introducing air or backwash water in that state, the adhered foreign substances can be satisfactorily removed. This makes it possible to provide a filtration device that is easy to maintain and low in running cost, while being an excellent filtration device.
[0006]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the filter tube is formed by alternately arranging a flat ring plate and the corrugated ring plate.
If the filter cylinder is formed only with the corrugated ring plates, there is a risk that adjacent ring plates may fit together.However, by alternately arranging the flat ring plates and the corrugated ring plates, the ring plates can be easily combined. Can be released. Further, since only half the number of corrugated ring plates is required, the processing cost can be reduced, and the filtration device can be provided at low cost.
[0007]
Further, the filtration method according to the present invention uses the filtration device, introduces raw water into the outer cylinder or the filtration cylinder from the fluid port, performs filtration by passing through the filtration cylinder,
At the time of backwashing, the pressing by the pressing means is released to elastically deform and return the corrugated ring plate to generate a gap between the ring plates, and a cleaning fluid is supplied from the opposite direction of the raw water to the filter tube. It is characterized in that the filter is supplied to the inside or inside the outer tube to wash the filter.
Since the filtration step and the washing step can be performed continuously, the filtration capacity is quickly restored, and the efficiency of the entire filtration operation can be increased.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating the shape of a flat ring plate, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating the shape of a corrugated ring plate. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a plurality of ring plates are pressed to be in close contact, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state of the plurality of ring plates when the pressing force is released. . FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the configuration of the filtering device, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the filtering device shown in FIG. 4 taken along line AA ′.
[0009]
First, the filtering device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
Reference numeral 12 denotes an outer cylinder, and one end 12a and the other end 12b of the outer cylinder 12 are sealed by a first lid 17 and a second lid 25 formed in a substantially plate shape.
A ring-shaped convex portion 25a is provided on the surface of the second lid portion 25 on the side of the outer cylinder 12 at a position slightly inward from the edge of the surface by the thickness of the side surface of the outer cylinder 12. I have. Then, the projection 25a is inserted into the opening of the other end 12b of the outer cylinder 12, and the outer cylinder 12 is hermetically sealed by, for example, being screwed in.
[0010]
A disc-shaped fixing plate 31 is fitted inside the convex portion 25a. At a substantially central position of each of the second lid portion 25 and the fixed plate 31, an outlet 21 that penetrates the second lid portion 25 with the fixed plate 31 fitted therein is provided. .
Further, the fixed plate 31 is provided with three through holes 31a into which tips of three guide rods 18 described later are fitted and fixed. The positions of the three through holes 31a in the fixing plate 31 correspond to the positions of the three vertices when drawing an equilateral triangle with the outlet 21 as the center.
[0011]
A pipe 27 is connected to the outlet 21, and the pipe 27 is provided with an air supply port 28 and a treated water discharge port (fluid port) 29 separately. In the pipe 27, the air supply port 28 is provided on the outer cylinder 12 side from a treated water drain port (fluid port) 29.
The air supply port 28 is connected to the compressor 30 through a pipe, and the compressed air can be introduced into the outer cylinder 12 through the air supply port 28 and the outlet 21. Further, a valve 33 is provided in the middle of the pipe connecting the compressor 30 and the air supply port 28.
The treated water outlet 29 is connected to a treated water tank (not shown) through a pipe, and a valve 35 is provided in the middle of the pipe.
[0012]
A flange 26 is provided on one end side 12 a of the outer cylinder 12 so as to project vertically from the outer peripheral surface of the opening of the outer cylinder 12. A screw hole 26a is provided at a predetermined position of the flange 26.
On the other hand, the first lid portion 17 is provided with a size large enough to cover the opening of the one end 12a including the flange 26, and is located at a position communicating with the screw hole 26a of the flange 26. It is screwed to the flange 26 using the screw holes 17d provided. Thereby, one end side 12a of the outer cylinder 12 is sealed.
[0013]
The air cylinder 13 is fixed to the outer surface 17 a side of the first lid 17, and the piston 15 passes through a through hole 17 c provided substantially in the center of the first lid 17, and is positioned with respect to the axis of the outer cylinder 12. And projecting to the opposite side substantially in parallel.
The air cylinder 13 is connected to the compressor 30 by a pipe, and a valve 34 is provided in the middle of the pipe.
[0014]
In the outer cylinder 12, three guide rods 18 are arranged in parallel to the axis (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The guide rod 18 has a function of holding the plurality of ring plates 23 in the outer cylinder 12 side by side at positions not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 12 so that the openings thereof communicate with each other and form a cylindrical shape. Therefore, one end of the guide rod 18 is fitted and fixed in the above-mentioned three through holes 31 a provided in the fixing plate 31. The other end of the guide rod 18 is formed as a male screw.
[0015]
Further, the guide rod 18 is supported by a guide 19 provided to keep the guide rod 18 parallel to the axis of the outer cylinder 12. As shown in FIG. 5, the guide 19 supports the guide rod 18 by keeping a distance between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 12 and the guide rod 18, and the inner periphery of the guide 19 formed in a ring shape. Concave portions 19a are provided at three positions on the end surface, and convex portions 19b are provided at three positions on the outer peripheral end surface. The concave portion 19a and the convex portion 19b are arranged at equal intervals on the inner peripheral end face and the outer peripheral end face, respectively. The guide 19 is fixed by fitting the guide rod 18 into the concave portion 19 a and bringing the convex portion 19 b into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 12.
The guides 19 having such a shape are provided at three places at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction of the outer cylinder 12.
[0016]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a pressing plate, which is provided with through-holes at three locations on the peripheral edge thereof, and is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction of the outer cylinder 12 by inserting the male threads of three guide rods 18 into the through-holes. Have been. The pressing plate 14 has nuts 32 fitted into male threads of the three guide rods 18 to prevent the pressing plates 14 from coming off.
The pressing plate 14 faces the tip of the piston 15 described above. When the piston 15 is protruded, the pressing plate 14 is pressed in that direction and moves.
[0017]
A raw water supply port (fluid inlet / outlet) 20 is provided on a side surface of the outer cylinder 12 from one end side 12a, and a pipe is connected to the raw water supply port (fluid inlet / outlet). 20 and can be introduced into the outer cylinder 12.
Further, a drain outlet 22 is provided on a side surface of the outer cylinder 12 from the other end side 12b, and a pipe is connected. The pipe extends to a drain tank (not shown), and a valve 36 is provided in the middle of the pipe.
[0018]
A plurality of ring plates 23 are stacked in a space surrounded by the guide rod 18.
In the present embodiment, the ring plate 23 is made of a metal having elasticity, and stainless steel is particularly preferable because it does not easily rust. The ring plate 23 has two types, a flat ring plate 23a as shown in FIG. 1A and a corrugated ring plate 23b as shown in FIG. 1B. The flat ring plate 23a is formed by punching a flat plate into a donut shape. Therefore, the ring plate is flat without any irregularities in the direction of the axis A. On the other hand, the corrugated ring plate 23b is formed by pressing the plate-shaped ring plate 23a from the surface direction to deform the lamination surface side so as to be wavy.
[0019]
Therefore, when the flat ring plate 23a and the corrugated ring plate 23b are stacked, a gap is created between the stacked surfaces of both rings.
The plurality of ring plates 23 are stacked in a space formed by the three guide rods 18, the fixed plate 31 and the pressing plate 14 so that the openings communicate with each other to form a cylindrical shape. Then, the plurality of ring plates 23 open the valve 34, introduce compressed air into the cylinder 13 by the compressor 30, and are pressed toward the fixed plate 31 via the piston 15 and the pressing plate 14. As a result, the corrugated ring plate 23b is also crushed against its elastic force, and the adjacent ring plates of the plurality of ring plates 23 are more firmly adhered to each other.
In this way, an inner cylinder, which is a sealed filtration cylinder, in which the plurality of ring plates 23 are stacked, is configured.
Preferably, the two types of ring plates 23a and 23b are alternately stacked as shown in FIG.
[0020]
Next, a filtering method using the filtering device 10 having such a configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the valve 36 provided on the drain discharge port 22 side and the valve 33 provided on the air supply port 28 side are closed, and the valve 35 on the treated water discharge port 29 side is opened. Activate 30 to cause the piston 15 to protrude by the compressed air. As a result, the plurality of ring plates 23 are pressed by the pressing plate 14 in the direction of the tip of the piston 15, and are sandwiched between the pressing plate 14 and the fixed plate 31, so that adjacent ring plates are firmly adhered to each other. A filtration tube is configured.
In this state, the raw water pressurized by the high-pressure pump is introduced into the outer cylinder 12 from the raw water supply port (fluid port) 20.
[0021]
As a result, the raw water pressurized passes through the gap between the adjacent ring plates, whereby the raw water is filtered. In other words, in the filtration device 10 of the present invention, the filtration is performed by a state in which the plurality of ring plates 23 arranged in a cylindrical shape are pressurized in a direction in which the adjacent ring plates 23 are in close contact with each other. A tube 11 is formed, and a gap between adjacent ring plates serves as a hole of a normal filter.
Then, in the filtration device 10 shown in FIG. 4, filtration is performed by passing raw water from the outside to the inside of the filtration tube 11.
[0022]
Depending on the size of the gap between the ring plates, water in the raw water is allowed to pass, and foreign substances such as solids and colloids in the raw water are left outside the filter tube 11 to separate water and foreign substances. . Such a filtering function is variously performed by changing the degree of adhesion of the ring plate, that is, the pressing force of the pressing plate 14 against the ring plate 23, the surface roughness of the ring plate, the pressure of raw water introduced into the outer cylinder 12, and the like. The design can be changed.
The treated water that has passed through the filter tube 11 and from which foreign substances have been removed from the raw water passes through the outlet 21 that opens inside the filter tube 11, is discharged from a treated water outlet (fluid port) 29, and is a treated water tank. To be stored.
[0023]
When such a filtration step is continuously performed, solid substances and colloids, which are foreign substances that cannot pass through the gap, accumulate in the gap between the ring plates outside the filtration tube 11, and thus the filtration capacity is reduced. Therefore, in order to recover the reduced filtration ability, a washing step is performed following the above-mentioned filtration step.
In the washing step, first, the supply of the raw water is stopped, the valve 36 provided on the drain outlet 22 side is opened, and the valve 35 on the treated water outlet side is closed.
Further, the supply of the compressed air to the air cylinder 13 is stopped by closing the valve 34, and the force of the piston 15 on the pressing plate 14 is released. Then, the valve 33 on the air supply port 28 side is opened, and the compressed air by the compressor 30 is introduced into the inside of the filtration tube 11.
[0024]
Then, when the pressing force of the pressing plate 14 against the ring plate 23 is released, the wavy ring plates 23b alternately arranged with the flat ring plates 23a elastically return to the original wavy shape. Therefore, the gap between the ring plates that are in close contact with each other increases. That is, the gap between the ring plates 23 that have been in close contact with each other by the pressing plate 14 as shown in FIG. 2 automatically increases as shown in FIG.
At this time, the compressed air introduced into the inside of the filter tube 11 pushes the pressing plate 14 back to the one end 12a of the filtering device main body, so that the gap between the ring plates 23 can be quickly increased.
Further, foreign matter such as solids and colloids attached to the outside can be blown off from the inside of the filter tube 11 by compressed air, and the foreign matter can be removed from the drain outlet 22.
In the above description, compressed air is introduced from the air supply port 28 to backwash the filter tube 11, but cleaning water may be supplied from the air supply port 28.
[0025]
When the filter cylinder 11 is formed only by the flat ring plate 23a, the surface of the ring plate is smooth, so that the adhering force of a foreign substance such as a colloid is applied, and the adjacent ring plates are firmly adhered to each other. In this case, even if the pressing force by the pressing plate 14 is released, the adjacent ring plates are in close contact with each other and do not separate. That is, even if the cleaning step using compressed air is performed in the state shown in FIG. 2, it is difficult to efficiently remove foreign substances because the compressed air cannot pass through the filtration unit effectively. Therefore, it is not possible to reliably recover the decrease in the filtration capacity.
However, according to the present invention, since the corrugated ring plate 23b is used, a gap can be formed by automatically separating the ring plates by the force of returning to the original deformed shape. A large amount of compressed air passes through the gaps between the ring plates at the same time, so that the cleaning step can be performed efficiently.
[0026]
By the way, since the above-mentioned washing step can be performed successively to the filtration step and is simple, by increasing the frequency of the washing step, it is possible to suppress a decrease in filtration capacity at an early point.
Further, in the filtering device 10 having the above configuration, the ring plates 23 can be taken out from the outer cylinder 12 one by one by removing the first lid 17 from the outer cylinder 12 and pulling the pressing plate 14 from the guide rod 18. Since the removed ring plates can be individually washed, foreign substances can be more reliably removed. In addition, the ring plate 23 made of stainless steel can be mechanically cleaned, and foreign substances firmly adhered to the ring plate surface can be reliably removed. In addition, since the ring plate can be replaced, the running cost can be further reduced.
[0027]
As described above, unlike the conventional membrane filter, the filtration device according to the present invention can adjust the size of the gap between the ring plates corresponding to the holes of the filter. The process can be performed more efficiently.
[0028]
As described above, the filtering device 10 that passes and filters raw water from the outside to the inside of the filter tube 11 has been described with reference to FIG. 4. However, as illustrated in FIG. A filtration device 40 that performs filtration by passing through may be used.
In this method, an air supply port 28 and a treated water discharge port (fluid port) 29 are provided on the side surface of the outer cylinder 12, and a raw water supply port (fluid port) 20 and a drain discharge port 22 are provided so as to be connected to the inside of the filter cylinder 11. Things. Specifically, a raw water supply port (fluid port) 20 and a drain discharge port 22 are provided in a pipe 27 connected to the outlet 21. Further, the piston 15 is provided integrally with the pressing plate 14.
The other parts are the same as those of the filtration device 10 shown in FIG.
[0029]
In the filtration step using the filtration device 40 shown in FIG. 6, the raw water pressurized by the high-pressure pump from the raw water supply port (fluid port) 20 is introduced into the inside of the filtration tube 11 and pushed out. Thus, filtration is performed. The treated water extruded to the outside of the filter tube 11 passes through a treated water outlet 29 and is stored in a treated water tank. At this time, the ring plate 23 is pressed by the pressing plate 14 provided integrally with the piston 15, and the adjacent ring plates are in close contact with each other.
[0030]
In the cleaning step, compressed air is introduced from the outside of the filter tube 11 through the air supply port 28, and foreign matters adhering inside are removed from the drain discharge port 22. In performing the cleaning step, when the supply of the compressed air to the air cylinder 13 is stopped by closing the valve 34, the pressing plate 14 returns to the one end 12a together with the piston 15. As a result, the corrugated ring plate quickly returns to its original wavy and deformed state, and the adjacent ring plates are separated from each other to form a gap, so that the ring plate can be easily cleaned with compressed air.
[0031]
As described above, the present invention has been described variously with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and it is needless to say that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That is.
The ring plate is not limited to metal, and may be made of resin. The material can be selected according to the type and temperature of raw water, so that a wide range of raw water can be treated.
Further, the shape of the corrugated ring plate may be one or more than one.
Further, the design of the combination of the ring plates 23 in the filter tube 11 can be variously changed. For example, the corrugated ring plate 23b may be formed adjacently without using the flat ring plate 23a. In this case, the peaks and valleys of the waves of the adjacent ring plates may be fitted to each other. Therefore, it is more preferable to change the pitch or size of the waves.
[0032]
The tip of the piston 15 and the pressing plate 14 may be integrated, but may be provided separately and a small space may be provided between them. When the space is provided, the thickness variation due to the processing accuracy of the ring plate can be compensated for by the space.
The pressing mechanism for pressing the ring plate is not limited to the above-described pneumatic mechanism, but may be a hydraulic or electric mechanism. However, the filtration devices 10 and 40 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 are advantageous in that the compressor can be used for both the pneumatic pressure of the pressurizing mechanism and the compressed air used for washing.
[0033]
Further, in FIGS. 4 and 6, the filtering device in which the axis of the outer cylinder 12 is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the filtering device is arranged in such a manner that the axis extends in the vertical direction. Is also good. At this time, either one end 12a or the other end 12b of the apparatus main body may be disposed below.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, in the cleaning step, compressed air is introduced into the filtration device main body in order to remove foreign matter, but it is needless to say that cleaning water may be introduced.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while having excellent filtration ability, the washing | cleaning process of a filter cylinder can be performed easily, and therefore a filtration apparatus and a filtration method with low running cost can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a shape of a ring plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a plurality of ring plates are pressed so as to be in close contact with each other.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state of a plurality of ring plates when a pressing force is released.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a filtration device according to the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration device shown in FIG. 4, taken along line AA '.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the filtration device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 40 Filtration device 11 Filtration tube 12 Outer tube 14 Press plate 15 Piston 17 First lid 18 Guide rod 19 Guide 20 Raw water supply port 21 Outlet port 22 Drain discharge port 23 Ring plate 23a Flat plate ring plate 23b Corrugated ring plate 28 Air supply port 29 Treated water outlet

Claims (3)

An outer tube, a filtration tube disposed in the outer tube, a fluid port connected to the outer tube, and a filtration device including a fluid port connected to the filter tube;
The filter tube is formed by stacking a plurality of ring plates,
A required number of ring plates of the plurality of ring plates form a corrugated ring plate having elasticity deformed so that the lamination surface side is wavy,
A filtering device comprising: pressing means for pressing the stacked ring plates to deform the corrugated ring plate against elastic force to bring the stacked surfaces of adjacent ring plates into close contact with each other. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the filter tube is formed by alternately stacking flat ring plates and the corrugated ring plates. Using the filtration device according to claim 1 or 2,
Raw water is introduced into the outer cylinder or the filtration cylinder from the fluid port, and filtered through the filtration cylinder,
At the time of backwashing, the pressing by the pressing means is released to elastically deform and return the corrugated ring plate to generate a gap between the ring plates, and a cleaning fluid is supplied from the opposite direction of the raw water to the filter tube. A filtration method characterized in that the filtration tube is washed by being supplied to the inside or the outside tube.

Images