JP2004069403A - Method and apparatus for stereoscopically color copying - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for stereoscopically color copying which can manufacture a stereoscopic model, by color separating an internal structure of a sample from the sample which does not possess a drawing like natural matters. <P>SOLUTION: The method for stereoscopically color copying includes a sample section imaging step (A) of imaging a two-dimensional image 4 of a cut section by cutting the sample 1, by sequentially pushing the sample 1 in a predetermined direction, a data processing step (B) of calculating a three-dimensional internal structure of the sample from the image 4 and converting the structure into data 5 which can be color rapid prototyped, and a stereoscopically color model manufacturing step (C) of manufacturing the stereoscopic color model 6 by using a color rapid prototyping unit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional color copying method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional model of a sample having no drawing while retaining internal color information.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, model production of a sample having no drawing such as a natural object is performed as follows.
(1) Transfer casting means for producing a mold to which a real product (sample) is transferred and manufacturing a model by casting.
(2) A three-dimensional processing means for obtaining data by mechanically or optically measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the sample and manufacturing a three-dimensional model by NC cutting or the like based on the data.
(3) When producing a three-dimensional color model, the surface of the three-dimensional model produced by the above-mentioned transfer means or three-dimensional processing means is colored manually.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since these means involve human hands, the quality of the finished product depends on the proficiency, and it is difficult to produce the same quality product. Also, it is difficult to make a model with micron-order accuracy. In addition, since the internal information of the sample cannot be reflected on the model, it is not possible to cut the model and know its internal state like a real model. Was not available.
[0004]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional color copying method and apparatus capable of producing a three-dimensional model by color-coding the internal structure of a sample from a sample having no drawings such as a natural object.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, a sample cross section imaging step (A) for sequentially extruding and cutting a sample (1) in a certain direction to obtain a two-dimensional image (4) of a cut cross section, and a method for obtaining a sample from a two-dimensional image (4) A data processing step (B) for calculating the three-dimensional internal structure of the above and converting it into color rapid prototypable data (5), and a three-dimensional color model for producing a three-dimensional color model (6) using a color rapid prototyping device (C) a three-dimensional color copying method is provided.
[0006]
Further, according to the present invention, the three-dimensional internal structure microscope (10) for sequentially extruding and cutting the sample (1) in a certain direction and capturing a two-dimensional image (4) of the cut cross section, and the two-dimensional image (4) ), A data processor (20) for calculating the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample and converting it into data capable of color rapid prototyping (5), and a color rapid prototype for producing a three-dimensional color model (6) using the data. And a typing device (30).
[0007]
According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the sample (1) is sequentially extruded in a certain direction and cut, and a two-dimensional image (4) of a cut cross section is taken to cut a natural object or the like without a drawing. The continuous cross-sectional image is taken, converted into digital data, and the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample can be stored as three-dimensional data.
In addition, the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample is calculated from the obtained two-dimensional image (4), converted into data (5) that can be subjected to color rapid prototyping, and a three-dimensional color model (6) is manufactured using this data. By doing so, a three-dimensional model can be manufactured from a sample having no drawings, such as a natural object, by color-coding the internal structure of the sample.
Furthermore, since the completed three-dimensional model can have color information corresponding to the three-dimensional internal structure, it is possible to cut the model and see its contents, and it is necessary to use the shape color of the contents such as anatomy It can also be used for medical models.
[0008]
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sample section imaging step (A) includes a sample extruding step (A1) for sequentially extruding the sample (1) in a certain direction, and a sample cutting for sequentially cutting the extruded sample. Step (A2) and an imaging step (A3) of converging illumination light (2) on the cut cross-section and picking up a two-dimensional image (4) of the cut cross-section from the reflected light (3).
The data processing step (B) includes a three-dimensional data creation step (B1) for calculating a three-dimensional internal structure of the sample from the two-dimensional image, and a plurality of image data (5 ), And a data conversion step (B2).
Further, in the step (C) of producing a three-dimensional color model, a three-dimensional color model (6) is produced using an RP apparatus capable of multicolor molding based on a plurality of image data for each color.
[0009]
In the sample extrusion step (A1), the sample (1) is sequentially extruded in a certain direction, and in the sample cutting step (A2), the extruded sample is sequentially cut, and in the imaging step (A3), the cut cross section is cut. This is repeated by condensing the illumination light (2) and capturing a two-dimensional image (4) of the cut cross section from the reflected light (3). Images can be taken, converted to digital data, and the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample can be stored as three-dimensional data.
[0010]
Further, the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample is calculated from the two-dimensional image in the three-dimensional data creation step (B1), and the three-dimensional internal structure is converted into a plurality of color-specific image data (5) in the data conversion step (B2). By performing the conversion, the three-dimensional internal structure can be converted into data that can be subjected to color rapid prototyping.
[0011]
Further, in the three-dimensional color model production step (C), a three-dimensional color model (6) is produced using an RP device (color rapid prototyping device) capable of multicolor molding based on a plurality of image data for each color created. By doing so, a three-dimensional model can be manufactured from a sample having no drawings, such as a natural object, by color-coding the internal structure of the sample.
[0012]
The data processing step (B) includes a surrounding image removing step (S1) for removing an image of the surrounding material (1a) surrounding the sample from the two-dimensional image (4) of the cut section, and a three-dimensional color model (6). A region of interest extraction step (S2) for extracting the region of interest (6a), a region of interest color designation step (S3) for designating the color of the region of interest, and an internal structure display step of displaying a three-dimensional internal structure on a display ( S4), a color information conversion step of converting the color information of the two-dimensional image (4) into a pseudo color (S5), and a non-coloring signal adding step of adding a non-coloring signal to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure (S6). At least one of an unstructured signal adding step (S7) for adding an unstructured signal to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure, and a coordinate axis length converting step (S8) for converting the coordinate axis length of the three-dimensional internal structure A.
[0013]
According to this method, in the surrounding image removing step (S1), the embedding agent that buried the sample is removed from the two-dimensional image (4) of the cut section by image processing and received by the RP device (color rapid prototyping device). You can pass. In the RP device, based on the received image data, a color solid model is constructed by stacking slices in the reverse of the observation.
[0014]
At this time, the region of interest (6a) to be reproduced in the three-dimensional color model (6) is extracted in the region of interest extraction step (S2), and the color of the region of interest is designated in the region of interest color designation step (S3). The three-dimensional internal structure is displayed on the display in (S4), the color information of the two-dimensional image (4) is converted into a pseudo color in the color information conversion step (S5), and the three-dimensional image is converted into the pseudo color in the non-colored signal addition step (S6) An uncolored signal is added to an unnecessary part of the internal structure, a non-structure signal is added to an unnecessary part of the three-dimensional internal structure in a non-structure signal adding step (S7), and a three-dimensional internal structure is added in a coordinate axis length conversion step (S8). The coordinate axis length can be converted.
[0015]
Therefore, it is also possible to delete the internal information or to make a model of a specific part of the sample that is extracted. Further, by using a full-color RP device, it is also possible to produce the same full-color three-dimensional color model (6) as the real one. Further, it is possible to simultaneously observe the entire shape and the shape of the region of interest by setting a different color only for a specific portion of interest or by displaying the outside of the region of interest transparently. At that time, a model of an arbitrary size can be obtained by scaling each axis of the data.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, common parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional color copying apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in this figure, the three-dimensional color copying apparatus of the present invention includes a three-dimensional internal structure microscope 10, a data processing device 20, and a color rapid prototyping device 30.
[0018]
The three-dimensional internal structure microscope 10 sequentially extrudes and cuts the sample 1 in a certain direction, and captures a two-dimensional image 4 of the cut cross section.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the three-dimensional color copying apparatus of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional internal structure microscope 10 includes a sample pushing device 12, a sample cutting device 14, and an imaging device 16.
[0020]
The sample pushing device 12 is a linear motion device using, for example, a stepping motor and a ball screw, and sequentially pushes the sample 1 in a certain direction (upward in this figure).
In this example, the sample extracting device 14 horizontally rotates a cutting arm 14b having a knife 14a by a driving device 14c (for example, a motor and a belt) to sequentially cut the extruded sample 1. Reference numeral 15 denotes an encoder which constantly detects the rotational position of the cutting arm 14b.
[0021]
The imaging device 16 is a confocal microscope. In this example, the illumination light of the light source 16a is condensed on the cut cross section of the sample 1 by the objective lens 16b, and the reflected light is reflected horizontally by the beam splitter 16c. Detection is performed by the detector 16e through the hall window 16d. Further, the beam splitter 16c is swung to scan the focal position of the illumination light, thereby capturing a two-dimensional image 4 of the cut section.
[0022]
With this configuration, the laser light 2 is focused on the corresponding pinholes 22a by the plurality of microlenses 24a, and the laser light 2 passing through the plurality of pinholes 22a is focused on the cross section of the sample 1 cut by the objective lens 16b. The reflected light is horizontally reflected by the beam splitter 16c and detected by the detector 16e through the lens 17, thereby simultaneously detecting the reflected light from a plurality of points on the cut cross section. In this example, the detector 16e is preferably a CCD in which detectors are two-dimensionally arranged or a one-dimensional photomultiplier.
[0023]
1 and 2, the data processing device 20 is, for example, a computer, stores a large number of two-dimensional images 4 obtained by the imaging device 16 in a memory, and calculates a three-dimensional internal structure of the sample 1 therefrom. Then, the internal structure of the sample 1 is reconstructed and converted into data 5 that can be subjected to color rapid prototyping, that is, image data 5 having color information.
The color rapid prototyping device 30 produces a three-dimensional color model 6 based on the created image data 5 having color information or position data decomposed for each color.
[0024]
The RP apparatus (color rapid prototyping apparatus) 30 capable of multicolor molding is disclosed in, for example, JP-T-2001-507295 and US Pat. No. 6,007,318.
The "method and apparatus for prototyping a three-dimensional object" in JP-T-2001-507295 is for forming a three-dimensional object from a powder by selectively applying a binder liquid to an increasing amount of the powder. Also, a three-dimensional object can be color-coded by applying a binder liquid (adhesive) by inkjet and changing its color.
[0025]
The modeling image data 5 is, for example, image data such as STL, BMP, TIF, etc., and is converted into HPGL code data or NC-G code data corresponding to the lamination modeling apparatus by the multicolor lamination modeling apparatus cross-section data generation software. Convert.
The multicolor additive manufacturing apparatus cross-section data generation software includes (1) reading of image data, (2) setting of shaping conditions such as a lamination pitch and a scanning speed, (3) generation of colored section data (HPGL format), (4) ) Generate cross-section data (NC-G code format) for non-colored part modeling, and (5) display cross-section data.
[0026]
When a multicolor powder solidification type additive manufacturing apparatus (for example, “Method and Apparatus for Prototyping a Three-Dimensional Object” in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-507295) is used as the additive manufacturing apparatus, HPGL code data is converted into a bitmap. The data is converted into bitmap data using software, and a desired model is manufactured using a multicolor powder solidification type additive manufacturing apparatus using the converted data.
[0027]
When a multicolor photo-solidification type additive manufacturing apparatus is used as the additive manufacturing apparatus, a molecular structure model is manufactured using the HPGL code data or NC-G code data as it is.
[0028]
FIG. 3 is an overall flowchart of the three-dimensional color copying method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the method of the present invention, the sample is embedded and fixed in the pretreatment (P1, P2). At this time, if necessary, general staining or fluorescent staining may be performed.
[0029]
Next, a sample section imaging step (A), a data processing step (B), and a three-dimensional color model manufacturing step (C) are sequentially performed.
[0030]
The sample cross section imaging step (A) includes a sample extrusion step (A1) for sequentially extruding the sample 1 in a predetermined direction, a sample cutting step (A2) for sequentially cutting the extruded sample 1, and illumination of the cut cross section. An imaging step (A3) of condensing the light 2 and imaging a two-dimensional image 4 of a cut cross section from the reflected light 3 thereof. Steps A1 to A3 are repeatedly performed.
[0031]
The data processing step B includes a three-dimensional data creation step (B1) for calculating the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample from the two-dimensional image 4, and a data conversion step for converting the three-dimensional internal structure into a plurality of image data 5 for each color ( B2).
[0032]
FIG. 4 is an overall flowchart of the data processing method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the data processing step (B) further includes a surrounding image removal step (S1), a region of interest extraction step (S2), a region of interest color designation step (S3), an internal structure display step (S4), It has at least one of a color information conversion step (S5), an uncolored signal addition step (S6), an unstructured signal addition step (S7), and a coordinate axis length conversion step (S8).
[0033]
In the surrounding image removing step (S1), the image of the surrounding material 1a surrounding the sample is removed from the two-dimensional image 4 of the cut section. For example, when the enclosing agent 1a has a color, the enclosing agent 1a is excluded from the objects of the three-dimensional color model 6, or designated as a specific color (transparent or the like).
[0034]
In the region of interest extraction step (S2), a region of interest 6a to be reproduced on the three-dimensional color model 6 is extracted. The region of interest 6a is, for example, the brain, heart or the like when the sample 1 is a mouse, or the lens, cornea or the like when the sample 1 is an eyeball of an animal.
In the region of interest color designation step (S3), the color of the region of interest is designated. For example, the color of the lens is designated as yellow and the color of the cornea is designated as blue. The original primary colors (natural colors) may be used.
[0035]
In the internal structure display step (S4), the three-dimensional internal structure is displayed on a display. With this display, the three-dimensional internal structure is confirmed, and the production site, production direction, cross section, etc. of the three-dimensional color model 6 are designated.
[0036]
In the color information conversion step (S5), the color information of the two-dimensional image 4 is converted into a pseudo color. The pseudo color selects a color that can be subjected to color rapid prototyping.
[0037]
In the non-colored signal adding step (S6), a non-colored signal is added to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure.
In the unstructured signal adding step (S7), an unstructured signal is added to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure.
[0038]
In the coordinate axis length conversion step (S8), the coordinate axis length of the three-dimensional internal structure is converted. By this conversion, it is possible to produce a three-dimensional color model 6 in which the actual sample 1 is enlarged or reduced, or a three-dimensional color model 6 in which the actual sample 1 is enlarged or reduced in a specific direction.
[0039]
The above-described data processing step B is preferably performed in a dialogue with a user using a computer.
[0040]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described. In this example, the sample 1 is an eyeball of an animal, and an entire eyeball and a half thereof are manufactured as a three-dimensional color model 6.
[0041]
FIG. 5 is an example of a halftone image on a display of a two-dimensional image 4 according to the invention. In this figure, (A), (B) and (C) are different cross-sectional photographs.
[0042]
FIG. 6 is an example of a halftone image on a display having a three-dimensional internal structure according to the present invention. In this figure, (A) and (B) show the state of the eyeball viewed from different angles from the oblique front.
[0043]
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional color model (actual) obtained by the embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, (A) is the entire eyeball, and the cornea is manufactured in a dark color (actually blue). (B) is a half eyeball, which is manufactured by making the cornea blue, the crystalline lens yellow, and the others white.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, when the sample 1 is a mouse, the three-dimensional color model 6 can also produce the brain 6a and the heart 6b independently.
[0044]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can, of course, be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the sample 1 is sequentially extruded in a certain direction and cut, and a two-dimensional image 4 of a cut cross section is taken to cut a natural object or the like without a drawing. The continuous cross-sectional image is taken, converted into digital data, and the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample can be stored as three-dimensional data.
[0046]
Further, the three-dimensional internal structure of the sample is calculated from the obtained two-dimensional image 4 and converted into data 5 that can be subjected to color rapid prototyping. A three-dimensional model can be manufactured by color-coding the internal structure of a sample from a sample that does not have a simple drawing.
[0047]
Furthermore, since the completed three-dimensional model can have color information corresponding to the three-dimensional internal structure, it is possible to cut the model and see its contents, and it is necessary to use the shape color of the contents such as anatomy It can also be used for medical models.
[0048]
Therefore, the three-dimensional color copying method and apparatus of the present invention have excellent effects such as being able to produce a three-dimensional model by color-coding the internal structure of a sample from a sample having no drawings such as a natural object.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional color copying apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a three-dimensional color copying apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an overall flowchart of the three-dimensional color copying method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an overall flowchart of the data processing method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an example of a halftone image on a two-dimensional image display according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an example of a halftone image on a display having a three-dimensional internal structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a halftone image on a display of a three-dimensional color model obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 sample, 2 illumination light (laser light), 3 reflected light,
4 2D image, 5 image data, 6 3D color model,
10 three-dimensional internal structure microscope, 12 sample extrusion device,
14 sample extraction device, 14a knife, 14b cutting arm,
14c drive, 15 encoder,
16 imaging device, 16a light source, 16b objective lens,
16c beam splitter, 16d pinhole window, 16e detector,
20 data processing devices,
30 Color Rapid Prototyping Device

Claims (6)

The sample (1) is sequentially extruded in a certain direction and cut, and a sample cross section imaging step (A) for obtaining a two-dimensional image (4) of the cut cross section is performed. A data processing step (B) for calculating and converting this into data (5) capable of color rapid prototyping, and a solid color model manufacturing step (C) for manufacturing a solid color model (6) using a color rapid prototyping apparatus. And a three-dimensional color copying method. The sample cross section imaging step (A) includes a sample extrusion step (A1) for sequentially extruding the sample (1) in a certain direction, a sample cutting step (A2) for sequentially cutting the extruded sample, and a cut cross section. An imaging step (A3) of converging illumination light (2) and imaging a two-dimensional image (4) of a cut section from the reflected light (3);
The data processing step (B) includes a three-dimensional data creation step (B1) for calculating a three-dimensional internal structure of the sample from the two-dimensional image, and converting the three-dimensional internal structure into a plurality of image data (5) for each color. A data conversion step (B2) for conversion.
The step (C) of producing a three-dimensional color model comprises producing a three-dimensional color model (6) using an RP apparatus capable of multicolor molding based on a plurality of image data for each color created. Item 3. The solid color copying method according to Item 1. The data processing step (B) includes a surrounding image removing step (S1) for removing an image of the surrounding material (1a) surrounding the sample from the two-dimensional image (4) of the cut section, and a three-dimensional color model (6). A region of interest extraction step (S2) for extracting the region of interest (6a), a region of interest color designation step (S3) for designating the color of the region of interest, and an internal structure display step of displaying a three-dimensional internal structure on a display ( S4), a color information conversion step of converting the color information of the two-dimensional image (4) into a pseudo color (S5), and a non-coloring signal adding step of adding a non-coloring signal to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure (S6). At least one of an unstructured signal adding step (S7) for adding an unstructured signal to an unnecessary portion of the three-dimensional internal structure, and a coordinate axis length converting step (S8) for converting the coordinate axis length of the three-dimensional internal structure A stereoscopic color copy method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. A three-dimensional internal structure microscope (10) that sequentially extrudes and cuts the sample (1) in a certain direction and captures a two-dimensional image (4) of the cut cross section, and a three-dimensional internal structure of the sample from the two-dimensional image (4) And a data processing device (20) for converting the data into color rapid prototypable data (5), and a color rapid prototyping device (30) for producing a three-dimensional color model (6) using the data. A three-dimensional color copying apparatus comprising: The three-dimensional internal structure microscope (10) includes a sample extruder (12) that sequentially extrudes a sample (1) in a certain direction, a sample cutout device (14) that sequentially cuts an extruded sample, and a cut cross section. An imaging device (16) for converging illumination light (2) on the portion and capturing a two-dimensional image (4) of a cut cross section from the reflected light (3); and the data processing device (20) The three-dimensional internal structure of the sample is calculated from the two-dimensional image and converted into a plurality of image data (5) for each color.
The three-dimensional color copying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the color rapid prototyping apparatus (30) produces a three-dimensional color model based on a plurality of image data for each color. The three-dimensional color copying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the imaging device (16) is a confocal microscope.

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