JP2004065208A - Electric fruit picker - Google Patents

Electric fruit picker Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004065208A
JP2004065208A JP2002233301A JP2002233301A JP2004065208A JP 2004065208 A JP2004065208 A JP 2004065208A JP 2002233301 A JP2002233301 A JP 2002233301A JP 2002233301 A JP2002233301 A JP 2002233301A JP 2004065208 A JP2004065208 A JP 2004065208A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
blade
cutting
blades
fruit
swing
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Pending
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JP2002233301A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichi Adachi
足立 憲一
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RYONO ENGINEERING KK
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RYONO ENGINEERING KK
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Priority to JP2002233301A priority Critical patent/JP2004065208A/en
Publication of JP2004065208A publication Critical patent/JP2004065208A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric fruit picker having a high working efficiency as a hand-held type fruit picker for picking the fruits such as grapes. <P>SOLUTION: This electric fruit picker is provided by installing a fixed blade 14 mounted fixedly at the picker body 1 side and a shaking blade 16 shaking against the fixed blade 14 at a cutting part 3, having a constitution of nipping a branch of the fruit between receiving blades 15L, 15R installed at the fixed blade 14 equipped with an almost V-shaped groove 13 and cutting blades 10L, 10R installed at the shaking blade 16 and then cutting, installing a shaking-drive mechanism for shaking the shaking blade 16 for each of the receiving blades 15L, 15R sides alternately between an electric motor 7 for driving the cutting part 3 and the shaking blade 16 and performing cutting of the branch of the fruit by the both cutting blades 10L, 10R together with the receiving blades 15L, 15R in shaking direction side on shaking the shaking blade 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、葡萄等の果実を摘粒する手持ち式の果実摘粒器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的に葡萄の房には、概ね60〜80粒の果粒が成長し、1つの房の果粒が多くなるに従い、1粒のサイズが小さくなり、商品価値が低下する。これを避けるため、従来葡萄栽培農園においては、1つの房の果粒が商品として相応しいサイズに成長するように、すなわち果粒の品質向上を図るために、所定の時期に図10(a)に示されるように、比較的大きなサイズの果粒を25〜30粒程度残し、他の(比較的小さな)過密着部分の果粒を除去し、図10(b)に示すように適度な果粒数の着粒密度とする摘粒作業が行われている。
【0003】
一方上記摘粒作業を行うための果実摘粒器として、特願2000−300074号公報に示されるような回転するカッタタイプのものや、伝動駆動の鋏タイプのものが知られており、近年上記果実摘粒器を使用することによって、作業者に負担が少ない摘粒作業を容易に行うことができる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし上記カッタタイプの果実摘粒器は、ホルダの先端部にU字状のガード部を設け、このガード部に設けた軸と、ホルダの中間部に設けたモータの出力軸とにそれぞれプーリを設けて両プーリ間にベルトを掛け廻し、上記軸にカッタ刃を取り付けておくことによってカッタ刃を回転させて果梗を切断する構成となっており、2つのプーリとその間のベルトも設ける必要があり、構造が複雑であるという欠点があった。
【0005】
一方鋏タイプのものは、構造的に左右の両刃が必ず支点を中心に揺動するため、刃先は開閉状態を繰り返しながら果実摘粒器の進行方向に進む。このため当該果実摘粒器の移動時に刃先が閉じた状態となると、両刃間に果梗が挿入されず、切断ミスが発生する場合があるという欠点があった。
【0006】
また鋏タイプの場合、両刃間に果梗を挿入して鋏(両刃)を駆動することによって果梗が切断されるが、両刃間の開き角度が小さい場合は、鋏で紙等を切断する場合に鋏の開き角度が小さいと切断が困難であるのと同様に、果梗の切断が円滑に行われない場合があり、両刃ができるだけ大きく開いた状態から、両刃間に切断する果梗を挿入して鋏(両刃)を駆動する必要がある。
【0007】
しかし鋏の駆動停止時の両刃の位置は通常任意となり、常に切断開始時に果梗の円滑な切断が可能な程度両刃が開いているという保証は無い。このため作業者は摘粒開始直前に円滑な切断が可能な角度に両刃を強制的に開かせる必要があり、作業性が低いという欠点もあった。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための本発明の電動果実摘粒器は、果実の果梗を切断する切断部3と、該切断部3を駆動する電動モータ7とが本体1に一体的に設けられた手持ち式の電動果実摘粒器において、上記切断部3が、本体1側に固定的に取り付けられる固定刃14と、該固定刃14に対して揺動する揺動刃16とを備え、固定刃14に設けられる受刃15L,15Rと、揺動刃16に設けられる切刃10L,10Rとの間に果梗を挟み込んで切断するように構成され、上記固定刃14が略V字状の溝13を備え、該溝13の両側に受刃15L,15Rを設け、モータ7と揺動刃16との間に、揺動刃16を各受刃15L,15R側に交互に揺動させる揺動駆動機構を設け、揺動刃16の両受刃15L,15R側に先端に至る切刃10L,10Rを設け、揺動刃16の揺動時に両切刃10L,10Rが揺動方向側の受刃15L,15Rとともに果梗の切断を行うことを第1の特徴としている。
【0009】
また揺動刃16の先端を固定刃14の先端より突出させ、揺動刃16の揺動範囲を、各切刃10L,10Rの外側縁が、向かい合う固定刃14の外側縁14L,14Rの先端に接する又は固定刃14の外側縁14L,14Rと交差する位置間に設定したことを第2の特徴としている。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明の果実摘粒器の本体1の正面図であり、該果実摘粒器は作業者が手に持つ把持部2と、該把持部2の先端側に設けられ、果梗を切断して果実を摘粒(除去)する切断部3とから構成されている。そして作業者が把持部2を持ち、切断部3の先端に設けられる切断刃ユニット4を後述するように駆動するとともに切断刃ユニット4内に切断する果梗を挿入し、当該摘粒器を切断方向に移動させることによって、切断刃ユニット4が果梗を切断して摘粒作業を行うことができる。
【0011】
上記把持部2は、図2に示されるように、把持部ケース6内に電動モータ7を内装して構成しており、把持部ケース6の先端からはモータ7の駆動軸7aに取り付けられたカム8が突出せしめられている。このとき上記カム8は図3に示されるように、上面に平面視で楕円形状をなすカム溝9が穿設されている。そして把持部ケース6の下端部には上記モータ7のスイッチ11が取り付けられており、上記モータ7は該スイッチ11を介して電源に接続されている。
【0012】
一方上記切断部3は、前述の把持部ケース6の先端に取り付けられる切断部ケース12と、該切断部ケース12の先端に設けられる前述の切断刃ユニット4とを備えている。このとき該切断刃ユニット4は、先端側が開き、後方側が閉じた略V字状の溝13を先端に備えた固定刃14と、上記溝13の左右方向の中心線を中央として固定刃14に対して揺動する揺動刃16とからなる。
【0013】
そして固定刃14における溝13の両側は先端に亙り受刃15L,15Rをなしている。また揺動刃16の左右両側には前述の両受刃15に対向して先端に亙り切刃10L,10Rが形成せしめられている。そして上記固定刃14が切断部ケース12に固定的に取り付けられているとともに、揺動刃16が固定刃14の上面側に支点軸17を介して揺動自在に軸支されている。
【0014】
なお揺動刃16の先端は、固定刃14の先端より突出している。また上記揺動刃16は支点軸17から切断部ケース12の内側に延出しており、切断部ケース12側の端部(切刃10L,10Rの反対側端部)には球状をなす係合部18が設けられている。
【0015】
そして上記係合部18は、切断部ケース12を把持部ケース6の先端に取り付けることによって、把持部2側の前述のカム溝9に係合せしめられるように形成されており、カム8と係合部18とによって揺動駆動機構が構成され、カム8の回転によって、図4に示されるように、係合部18が楕円形状のカム溝9の長径Lと短径Sとの間を移動し、揺動刃16が両受刃15間を揺動せしめられる。
【0016】
このとき揺動刃16は、各切刃10L,10Rと同方向の固定刃14の外側縁14L,14Rの端部に、相対する切刃10L又は10Rの外側縁が接するように揺動範囲が設定されており、すなわち左側の切刃10Lと固定刃14の左側の外側縁14Lの先端とが接する位置と、右側の切刃10Rと固定刃14の右側の外側縁14Rの先端とが接する位置との間が揺動刃16の揺動範囲として設定され、上記カム溝13によって揺動駆動されている。
【0017】
上記構造により、切断部ケース12を把持部ケース6の先端に取り付け、スイッチ11を入り作動させてモータ7を回転駆動させることによって、本電動果実摘粒器は、揺動刃16が上記のように揺動せしめられ、切断刃ユニット4は、切刃10L,10Rと両受刃15L,15Rとの間に被切断物を交互に挟持し、該被切断物を切刃10L,10Rと両受刃15L,15Rとの間で交互に切断することができる。
【0018】
これにより作業者が本電動果実摘粒器の本体1を持ち、固定刃14の溝13内に摘粒対象の葡萄の房における果梗を挿入して、モータ17を駆動し、切断方向に移動させることによって、上記果梗は左側の受刃15Lと揺動刃16(左側の切刃10L)との間と、右側の受刃15Rと揺動刃16(右側の切刃10R)との間に交互に挟持されて切断され、果実の摘粒作業が行われる。
【0019】
このとき溝13が略V字状をなし、揺動刃16が左右に揺動されているため、左側の受刃15Lと左側の切刃10Lとの間、又は右側の受刃15Rと右側の切り刃10Rとの間のいずれか一方は必ず開状態となっている。このため果梗は、左側又は右側の切刃と受刃との間に必ず案内されて切断され、鋏タイプのように切刃が閉じることによる切断ミスが防止され、果梗の切断は特に円滑に行われる。
【0020】
一方切断刃ユニット4の駆動を停止すると、揺動刃16は溝13内の任意の位置に停止する。このため本実施形態においては、上記溝13の角度が、左側の受刃15Lと切刃10Lとの間の角度、又は右側の受刃15Rと切刃10Rとの間の角度のいずれか一方が必ず果梗を切断するために十分な角度となるように設定されている。
【0021】
このため摘粒開始時には、左側の受刃15Lと切刃10Lとの間、又は右側の受刃15Rと切刃15Rとの間の大きく開いた方に果梗を挿入することによって、作業開始時の果梗の切断が円滑に行われ、切断ミスが防止される。なお揺動刃16の先端が前述のように固定刃14の先端から突出するため、溝13内に位置する果梗は、切刃10L,10Rのいずれかの部分と接することとなり、これによっても溝13内に挿入される果梗の切断ミスは防止される。
【0022】
また揺動刃16の揺動範囲は、前述のように固定刃14の左右両端縁14L,14R間に設定されており、さらに揺動刃16は全揺動範囲において、固定刃14の先端より突出するように、揺動刃16の揺動中央位置(溝13の左右方向の中心位置)における突出量Aが設定されている。これにより固定刃14の先端に溜まる付着物等は揺動刃16の作動によって左右方向に拭き取られるように除去され、作業カス等が固定刃の先端側に溜る等の不都合が防止される。
【0023】
このとき突出量Aは、上記条件に加え、揺動刃16の揺動限界位置において、固定刃14の左右両端縁14L,14Rより外側への揺動刃16の突出量が増大しないようにも設定されている。これにより揺動限界位置における揺動刃16の固定刃の外側縁からの突出量が比較的少なくなり、摘粒作業時の、切断ユニット4の幅方向の変化量が少なくなるため、固定刃14の外側に位置する果粒に揺動刃16を当接させないように本電動果実摘粒器を配置することが容易となる。なお切刃10L,10Rの外側縁と、固定刃14の左右両端縁14L,14Rとが交差するように構成してもよい。
【0024】
このため固定刃14の溝13内に挿入する果梗が確実に切断されるとともに、揺動する揺動刃16が、固定刃14の外側に位置する果実に損傷を与えることを防止することができ、例えばデラウェアのように1粒が比較的小さな葡萄の場合でも、摘粒しない残すべき果粒を固定刃14の外側に位置させることによって、この果粒に対して揺動刃16が損傷をあたえない摘粒作業を容易に行うことができる。
【0025】
一方図5に示されるように、切断鋏21を保持する保持部22と、切断鋏21の駆動用モータ23(図6参照)を内装した握り部25とによって一体的に形成され、図6、図7に示されるように、モータ23に取り付けられたカム24の上面に形成された楕円形状のカム溝26に、切断鋏21の反切断側の端部に形成された球状の係合部27を挿入し、カム24をモータ23によって回転させ、カム24の回転にともなって、係合部27が楕円の長径と短径との間を移動して切断鋏21を開閉駆動させ、切断鋏21によって果梗を切断する鋏タイプの果実摘粒器を以下のように構成しても良い。
【0026】
すなわち本実施形態の場合、図8、図9に示されるように、上記カム24の下面にスイッチガイド28を設けるとともに、該スイッチガイド28に対向せしめてリミットスイッチ29を設け、図6に示されるように、切断鋏21の両刃21a、21bが最大の角度で開く際のカム24(カム溝26)の位置において、スイッチガイド28とリミットスイッチ29のスイッチアーム31とが当接してスイッチアーム29が押し込まれ、リミットスイッチ28が操作されるように構成し、モータ23の停止時には上記両刃21a,21bが略最大に開いた状態で停止する構成となっている。
【0027】
このときリミットスイッチ29を、スイッチアーム31が押し込まれることにより、切り状態となるスイッチとし、図9に示されるように、リミットスイッチ29を果実摘粒器の本体に設けられているメインスイッチ32と並列に接続し、該メインスイッチ32をモータ23とバッテリ33との間に直列に接続する。
【0028】
これによりメインスイッチ32とリミットスイッチ29のいずれか一方が入り状態の場合にモータ23が回転して両刃21a,21bを駆動し、メインスイッチ32とリミットスイッチ29の両方が切り状態となると、モータ23への通電が切れ、果実摘粒器(両刃21a,21bの駆動)が停止する。
【0029】
上記構造によりメインスイッチ32から手を離してメインスイッチ32を切り状態とすると、リミットスイッチ29が切り状態となった際、すなわち両刃21a,21bが、開閉範囲における略最大の角度で開いた際にモータ23が停止し、果実摘粒器が停止し、つまりリミットスイッチ29及びスイッチガイド28とによって、切断鋏21の停止角度規制機構が構成され、メインスイッチ32から手を離すと、果実摘粒器は常時両刃21a,21bがほぼ最大角度で開いた状態で停止する。
【0030】
これにより果実摘粒器の駆動停止時には、両刃21a,21bが必ず略最大角度に開いた状態となるため、両刃21a,21b間に切断する果梗を挿入して果実摘粒器を駆動(両刃21a,21bを駆動)することによって、摘粒作業(果梗の切断作業)が円滑に開始され、切断ミスによる作業の中断等が防止される。
【0031】
また停止時の両刃21a,21b間が、当該果実摘粒器における切断鋏21のほぼ最大幅となるため、摘粒開始時に摘粒の対象とならない果粒と果実摘粒器の刃とが接触しないように果実摘粒器を配置することが容易となり、摘粒作業中の果実摘粒器による非摘粒果実の損傷を防止することができる。
【0032】
なおモータ23は電源が切れると停止状態となるが、回転時の慣性等により若干回転する。このためこの慣性による回転によって、スイッチガイド28とスイッチアーム31との当接が解除され、リミットスイッチ29が再度入り状態とならないように、スイッチガイド28はカム24の軸心周りに所定の範囲で設けられており、モータ23の停止時に、モータ23の慣性による回転等によって、再度モータ23が駆動状態とならないように設定されている。
【0033】
このため果実摘粒器の停止時には、両刃21a,21bは必ずしも最大角度ではないが、概ね最大角度となり、モータ停止時の両刃21a,21bの角度の最大角度に対する誤差は、上記慣性等によるモータ23の回転程度であり、果梗の円滑な切断に悪影響を与えることは無い。
【0034】
また上記鋏式の果実摘粒器の切断鋏21は開閉回数が毎秒3〜9回に設定されており、作業者による果実摘粒器の移動速度に対して最適な回数となっており、円滑な切断性能を得ることが可能となっている。なお開閉回数が毎秒3回以下となると、切断速度が遅すぎ摘粒作業の効率が低下し、毎秒9回以上の場合は切断鋏21の両刃21a,21b間に果梗が入り難く作業性が悪化するという問題点がある。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
以上のように構成される本発明の構造によると、揺動駆動機構によって揺動刃が固定刃の各受刃側に交互に揺動せしめられるため、固定刃の溝内に果梗を挿入して、モータを駆動することによって、果梗は左側の受刃と揺動刃(左側の切刃)との間と、右側の受刃と揺動刃(右側の切刃)との間に交互に挟持されて切断され、果実の摘粒作業を容易に行うことができるという効果がある。
【0036】
このとき固定刃の溝が略V字状をなし、揺動刃が両受刃間を左右に揺動されるため、左側の受刃と左側の切刃との間、又は右側の受刃と右側の切り刃との間のいずれか一方は必ず開状態となる。このため果梗は、左側又は右側の切刃と受刃との間に必ず案内されて切断され、鋏タイプのように切刃が閉じることによる切断ミスが防止され、果梗の切断は特に円滑に行われる。
【0037】
また揺動刃の駆動を停止すると、揺動刃は溝内の任意の位置に停止するが、溝の角度を、左側の受刃と切刃との間の角度、又は右側の受刃と切刃との間の角度のいずれか一方が必ず果梗の切断するために十分な角度となるように設定することによって、摘粒開始時に、左側の受刃と切刃との間、又は右側の受刃と切刃との間の大きく開いた方に果梗を挿入することによって、作業開始時の果梗の切断が円滑に行われ、摘粒作業開始時の切断ミスによる作業停止等が防止され、摘粒作業を円滑に開始することができる。
【0038】
一方揺動刃の先端を固定刃の先端より突出させ、揺動刃の揺動範囲を、各切刃の外側縁が固定刃の外側縁の先端に接する、又は固定刃の外側縁と交差する範囲に設定することによって、揺動刃の先端は全揺動範囲において、固定刃の先端より突出するため、溝内に位置する果梗は、切刃のいずれかの部分と接することとなる。
【0039】
これによって溝内に挿入される果梗の切断ミスが防止され、また揺動刃の揺動範囲が、固定刃の左右両端縁間に設定されているため、固定刃の先端に溜まる付着物等は揺動刃の作動によって左右方向に拭き取られるように除去され、固定刃の先端に切断カス等が溜ることが防止される。
【0040】
さらに揺動刃駆動時の揺動刃の固定刃左右両端縁より外側への突出量が比較的少なくなるように、揺動刃の先端の固定刃の先端からの突出量を設定することによって、摘粒作業時の、切断部の幅方向の変化量を少なくすることができ、固定刃の外側に位置する果粒に揺動刃を当接させないように電動果実摘粒器を配置することが容易となる。
【0041】
これにより固定刃の溝内に挿入する果梗が確実に切断されるとともに、揺動する揺動刃が、固定刃の外側に位置する果実に損傷を与えることを防止することができ、例えばデラウェアのように1粒が比較的小さな葡萄の場合でも、摘粒しない残すべき果粒を固定刃の外側に位置させることによって、この果粒に対して揺動刃が損傷をあたえない摘粒作業を容易に行うことができるるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】電動果実摘粒器の正面図である。
【図2】電動果実摘粒器の正面断面図である。
【図3】(a)はカムの正面図,(b)はカムの側面図を示す。
【図4】揺動刃の揺動駆動状態を示す電動果実摘粒器内部の要部正面図である。
【図5】鋏タイプの電動果実摘粒器の正面図である。
【図6】鋏タイプの電動果実摘粒器の正面断面図である。
【図7】(a)はカムの正面図,(b)はカムの側面図を示す。
【図8】カムとリミットスイッチの関係を示す要部平面図である。
【図9】モータの配線を示す配線図である。
【図10】(a)は摘粒前の葡萄の房の側面図、(b)は摘粒後の葡萄の房の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1   本体
3   切断部
7   電動モータ
10L 切刃
10R 切刃
13  溝
14  固定刃
15L 受刃
15R 受刃
16  揺動刃
21  切断鋏
21a 切刃
21b 切刃
23  モータ
28  スイッチガイド
29  リミットスイッチ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hand-held fruit pulverizer for pulverizing fruits such as grapes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in a bunch of grapes, about 60 to 80 grains grow, and as the number of grains in one bunch increases, the size of one grain becomes smaller and the commercial value decreases. In order to avoid this, in a conventional viticulture plant, at a predetermined time, as shown in FIG. As shown, about 25 to 30 grains of relatively large size are left, and grains of other (relatively small) over-contact portions are removed, and as shown in FIG. A pulverization operation is performed with a number of granulation densities.
[0003]
On the other hand, as a fruit pulverizer for performing the above-mentioned pulverization work, a rotating cutter type as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-300074 and a power-driven scissors type are known. The use of the vessel makes it possible to easily perform the slicing operation with less burden on the operator.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the cutter-type fruit pulverizer has a U-shaped guard at the tip of the holder, and a pulley is provided at each of the shaft provided at the guard and the output shaft of the motor provided at the middle of the holder. A belt is hung between both pulleys, and a cutter blade is attached to the shaft to rotate the cutter blade to cut the stalks. It is necessary to provide two pulleys and a belt between them. However, there is a disadvantage that the structure is complicated.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the scissors type, since both the left and right blades always swing about the fulcrum, the blade edge advances in the traveling direction of the fruit pulverizer while repeatedly opening and closing. For this reason, if the cutting edge is in a closed state during the movement of the fruit granulator, there is a drawback that the keratosis is not inserted between the two blades, and a cutting error may occur.
[0006]
In the case of scissors type, the stalk is cut by inserting the stalk between both blades and driving the scissors (both blades), but when the opening angle between the two blades is small, cutting the paper etc. with the scissors Just as it is difficult to cut the scissors when the opening angle of the scissors is small, the cutting of the stalk may not be performed smoothly, so insert the stalk to be cut between the both blades from the state where both blades are wide open as much as possible It is necessary to drive the scissors (both blades).
[0007]
However, the position of the two blades when the drive of the scissors is stopped is usually arbitrary, and there is no guarantee that the two blades are always open at the start of the cutting to the extent that the cut can be cut smoothly. For this reason, it is necessary for the operator to forcibly open the both blades at an angle at which a smooth cutting can be performed immediately before the start of the granulation, and there is a disadvantage that workability is low.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An electric fruit pulverizer according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a handheld device in which a cutting part 3 for cutting fruit stalks and an electric motor 7 for driving the cutting part 3 are provided integrally with the main body 1. In the electric fruit pulverizer of the type, the cutting portion 3 includes a fixed blade 14 fixedly attached to the main body 1 side and a swing blade 16 swinging with respect to the fixed blade 14. The cutting blades 10L, 10R provided on the swinging blade 16 and the receiving blades 15L, 15R provided are configured so as to cut and cut the stalk, and the fixed blade 14 has a substantially V-shaped groove 13 formed therein. A rocking drive mechanism that alternately rocks the rocking blade 16 between the motor 7 and the rocking blade 16 toward each of the receiving blades 15L and 15R. And the cutting blades 10L, 10R reaching the tips on both the receiving blades 15L, 15R side of the oscillating blade 16. The provided, both cutting edges 10L during swinging of Yuradoha 16, 10R has a first feature in that for cutting of Hate梗 with receiving blades 15L, 15R of the swing direction.
[0009]
Further, the tip of the swing blade 16 is made to protrude from the tip of the fixed blade 14, and the swing range of the swing blade 16 is adjusted so that the outer edges of the cutting blades 10L and 10R face the outer edges 14L and 14R of the fixed blade 14 facing each other. The second feature is that it is set between the positions where it contacts with or intersects the outer edges 14L and 14R of the fixed blade 14.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a front view of a main body 1 of a fruit pulverizer of the present invention. The fruit pulverizer is provided on a grip portion 2 held by an operator, and is provided at a distal end side of the grip portion 2 to cut a stalk. And a cutting section 3 for cutting (removing) the fruit. Then, the operator holds the gripper 2 and drives the cutting blade unit 4 provided at the tip of the cutting unit 3 as described later, and inserts a stalk to be cut into the cutting blade unit 4 and moves the granulator in the cutting direction. , The cutting blade unit 4 can cut the fruit stalk to perform the pelleting operation.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 2, the gripper 2 has an electric motor 7 inside a gripper case 6, and is attached to a drive shaft 7 a of the motor 7 from the tip of the gripper case 6. The cam 8 is projected. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the cam 8 is provided with a cam groove 9 having an elliptical shape in plan view on the upper surface. A switch 11 of the motor 7 is attached to a lower end of the gripper case 6, and the motor 7 is connected to a power source via the switch 11.
[0012]
On the other hand, the cutting section 3 includes a cutting section case 12 attached to the tip of the grip section case 6 and the cutting blade unit 4 provided at the tip of the cutting section case 12. At this time, the cutting blade unit 4 has a fixed blade 14 having a substantially V-shaped groove 13 having a front end opened and a rear side closed at the front end, and a fixed blade 14 having the center line in the left-right direction of the groove 13 as a center. And an oscillating blade 16 that oscillates.
[0013]
Both sides of the groove 13 in the fixed blade 14 form receiving blades 15L and 15R over the tip. Cutting blades 10L and 10R are formed on both left and right sides of the swing blade 16 so as to face the above-mentioned both receiving blades 15 and extend to the tip. The fixed blade 14 is fixedly attached to the cutting section case 12, and the swing blade 16 is pivotally supported on the upper surface side of the fixed blade 14 via a fulcrum shaft 17.
[0014]
Note that the tip of the swing blade 16 protrudes from the tip of the fixed blade 14. The oscillating blade 16 extends from the fulcrum shaft 17 to the inside of the cutting part case 12, and has a spherical engagement with an end on the cutting part case 12 side (an end opposite to the cutting blades 10 </ b> L and 10 </ b> R). A part 18 is provided.
[0015]
The engaging portion 18 is formed so as to be engaged with the cam groove 9 on the gripping portion 2 side by attaching the cutting portion case 12 to the tip of the gripping portion case 6. A swing drive mechanism is constituted by the mating portion 18, and the engagement portion 18 moves between the major axis L and the minor axis S of the elliptical cam groove 9 as shown in FIG. Then, the swing blade 16 is swung between the two receiving blades 15.
[0016]
At this time, the swing range of the swing blade 16 is set such that the outer edge of the opposed cutting edge 10L or 10R is in contact with the end of the outer edge 14L or 14R of the fixed blade 14 in the same direction as the cutting edge 10L or 10R. That is, the position at which the left cutting edge 10L contacts the tip of the left outer edge 14L of the fixed blade 14, and the position at which the right cutting edge 10R contacts the tip of the right outer edge 14R of the fixed blade 14 Is set as the swing range of the swing blade 16, and is swing-driven by the cam groove 13.
[0017]
With the above structure, the cutting unit case 12 is attached to the tip of the gripping unit case 6, the switch 11 is turned on and the motor 7 is driven to rotate. The cutting blade unit 4 is oscillated, and the object to be cut is alternately sandwiched between the cutting blades 10L and 10R and the two receiving blades 15L and 15R, and the object is cut by the cutting blades 10L and 10R and the two receiving blades. 15L and 15R can be alternately cut.
[0018]
Thereby, the operator holds the main body 1 of the electric fruit pulverizer, inserts the stalk of the bunch of grapes to be pulverized into the groove 13 of the fixed blade 14, drives the motor 17, and moves in the cutting direction. Thereby, the above-mentioned fruit stem alternates between the left receiving blade 15L and the oscillating blade 16 (left cutting blade 10L) and between the right receiving blade 15R and the oscillating blade 16 (right cutting blade 10R). The fruit is pinched and cut, and the fruit is pulverized.
[0019]
At this time, since the groove 13 has a substantially V-shape and the swing blade 16 is swung left and right, the groove 13 is between the left receiving blade 15L and the left cutting blade 10L, or the right receiving blade 15R and the right receiving blade 15R. Either one between the cutting blade 10R and the cutting blade 10R is always in an open state. For this reason, the stalk is always guided and cut between the left or right cutting blade and the receiving blade, cutting errors caused by closing the cutting blade like scissors type are prevented, and the cutting of the stalk is particularly smooth. Done in
[0020]
On the other hand, when the driving of the cutting blade unit 4 is stopped, the swing blade 16 stops at an arbitrary position in the groove 13. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the angle of the groove 13 is one of an angle between the left receiving blade 15L and the cutting blade 10L or an angle between the right receiving blade 15R and the cutting blade 10R. The angle is always set to be enough to cut the stem.
[0021]
For this reason, at the time of the comminution, by inserting the stalk into the widely opened direction between the left receiving blade 15L and the cutting blade 10L or between the right receiving blade 15R and the cutting blade 15R, The cutting of the stalk is performed smoothly, and a cutting mistake is prevented. Since the tip of the oscillating blade 16 protrudes from the tip of the fixed blade 14 as described above, the fruit stalk located in the groove 13 comes into contact with any part of the cutting blades 10L and 10R. Mistake of cutting of the stalk inserted into the groove 13 is prevented.
[0022]
Further, the swing range of the swing blade 16 is set between the left and right end edges 14L and 14R of the fixed blade 14 as described above, and the swing blade 16 is further moved from the tip of the fixed blade 14 in the entire swing range. The amount of protrusion A at the swing center position of the swing blade 16 (the center position of the groove 13 in the left-right direction) is set so as to project. Accordingly, the deposits and the like that accumulate on the tip of the fixed blade 14 are removed so as to be wiped in the left and right directions by the operation of the swing blade 16, thereby preventing inconvenience such as accumulation of work debris and the like on the tip side of the fixed blade.
[0023]
At this time, in addition to the above conditions, the amount of protrusion A is set so that the amount of protrusion of the swing blade 16 outside the left and right end edges 14L and 14R of the fixed blade 14 at the swing limit position of the swing blade 16 does not increase. Is set. As a result, the amount of protrusion of the oscillating blade 16 from the outer edge of the fixed blade at the oscillating limit position becomes relatively small, and the amount of change in the width direction of the cutting unit 4 during the shampooing operation becomes small. It becomes easy to arrange the present electric fruit pulverizer so that the swinging blade 16 does not come into contact with the fruits located on the outside. The outer edges of the cutting blades 10L, 10R and the left and right edges 14L, 14R of the fixed blade 14 may be configured to intersect.
[0024]
For this reason, the fruit stalk inserted into the groove 13 of the fixed blade 14 is reliably cut, and the oscillating blade 16 is prevented from damaging the fruit located outside the fixed blade 14. For example, even in the case of a relatively small grape such as Delaware, the rocking blade 16 damages the grain by positioning the unremoved remaining grain outside the fixed blade 14. No pulverizing work can be easily performed.
[0025]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, a holding portion 22 for holding the cutting scissors 21 and a grip portion 25 containing a driving motor 23 (see FIG. 6) for the cutting scissors 21 are integrally formed. 7, an elliptical cam groove 26 formed on the upper surface of the cam 24 attached to the motor 23 is fitted with a spherical engaging portion 27 formed at the end of the cutting scissors 21 on the side opposite to the cutting side. And the cam 24 is rotated by the motor 23, and with the rotation of the cam 24, the engaging portion 27 moves between the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse to drive the cutting scissors 21 to open and close. A scissor-type fruit pulverizer that cuts a stalk may be configured as follows.
[0026]
That is, in the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a switch guide 28 is provided on the lower surface of the cam 24, and a limit switch 29 is provided so as to face the switch guide 28, as shown in FIG. As described above, at the position of the cam 24 (cam groove 26) when the two blades 21a and 21b of the cutting scissors 21 open at the maximum angle, the switch guide 28 and the switch arm 31 of the limit switch 29 come into contact, and the switch arm 29 is moved. When the motor 23 is stopped, the two blades 21a and 21b stop in a state where they are opened to the maximum.
[0027]
At this time, the limit switch 29 is a switch which is turned off when the switch arm 31 is pushed in. As shown in FIG. 9, the limit switch 29 is connected in parallel with the main switch 32 provided on the main body of the fruit pulverizer. , And the main switch 32 is connected in series between the motor 23 and the battery 33.
[0028]
Thus, when either the main switch 32 or the limit switch 29 is in the on state, the motor 23 rotates to drive the two blades 21a and 21b. When both the main switch 32 and the limit switch 29 are in the off state, the motor 23 Is turned off, and the fruit pelletizer (the driving of both blades 21a and 21b) stops.
[0029]
When the main switch 32 is turned off by releasing the hand from the main switch 32 by the above structure, when the limit switch 29 is turned off, that is, when the two blades 21a and 21b are opened at a substantially maximum angle in the opening and closing range. When the motor 23 stops and the fruit pulverizer stops, that is, the limit switch 29 and the switch guide 28 constitute a stop angle restricting mechanism of the cutting scissors 21. When the hand is released from the main switch 32, the fruit pulverizer is always turned on. The blades 21a and 21b are stopped in a state where they are opened at substantially the maximum angle.
[0030]
As a result, when the drive of the fruit pulverizer is stopped, the two blades 21a and 21b are always opened at a substantially maximum angle. Therefore, the fruit pulverizer is driven by inserting a fruit stalk to be cut between the two blades 21a and 21b (the two blades 21a and 21b). By driving 21b), the slicing operation (cutting of the stalk) is started smoothly, and the interruption of the operation due to a cutting mistake is prevented.
[0031]
In addition, since the distance between the two blades 21a and 21b at the time of stopping is almost the maximum width of the cutting scissors 21 in the fruit pulverizer, the fruit so as not to come in contact with the fruit unpulverized at the start of pruning and the blade of the fruit pulverizer. It becomes easy to arrange the granulator, and it is possible to prevent the non-grained fruit from being damaged by the fruit granulator during the harvesting operation.
[0032]
Note that the motor 23 is stopped when the power is turned off, but slightly rotates due to inertia during rotation and the like. For this reason, the rotation by the inertia releases the contact between the switch guide 28 and the switch arm 31, and the switch guide 28 is moved within a predetermined range around the axis of the cam 24 so that the limit switch 29 is not turned on again. When the motor 23 is stopped, the motor 23 is set so as not to be driven again due to rotation of the motor 23 due to inertia or the like.
[0033]
For this reason, when the fruit pulverizer is stopped, the two blades 21a and 21b are not always at the maximum angle, but generally have the maximum angle, and the error with respect to the maximum angle of the two blades 21a and 21b when the motor is stopped is caused by the inertia and the like of the motor 23. It is a rotation degree and does not adversely affect the smooth cutting of the stalk.
[0034]
In addition, the cutting scissors 21 of the scissor-type fruit pulverizer are set to be opened and closed 3 to 9 times per second, which is an optimum number for the moving speed of the fruit pulverizer by an operator, so that smooth cutting is performed. It is possible to obtain performance. When the number of times of opening and closing is less than 3 times per second, the cutting speed is too slow and the efficiency of the slicing work is reduced. There is a problem that.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the structure of the present invention configured as described above, the rocking blade is alternately rocked to each receiving blade side of the fixed blade by the rocking drive mechanism. By driving the motor, the stalks alternate between the left receiving blade and the oscillating blade (left cutting blade) and between the right receiving blade and the oscillating blade (right cutting blade). This has the effect that the fruit can be easily cut and pinched.
[0036]
At this time, the groove of the fixed blade has a substantially V-shape, and the swinging blade is swung left and right between the two receiving blades, so that the space between the left receiving blade and the left cutting blade, or the right receiving blade is Either one between the right cutting edge and the right cutting edge is always open. For this reason, the stalk is always guided and cut between the left or right cutting blade and the receiving blade, cutting errors caused by closing the cutting blade like scissors type are prevented, and the cutting of the stalk is particularly smooth. Done in
[0037]
When the driving of the oscillating blade is stopped, the oscillating blade stops at an arbitrary position in the groove, but the angle of the groove is changed to the angle between the left receiving blade and the cutting blade, or the right receiving blade and the cutting edge. By setting one of the angles between the blade and the blade so as to always be a sufficient angle to cut the stalk, at the time of commencement of grain removal, between the left receiving blade and the cutting blade or the right receiving blade. By inserting the stalk into the wide open direction between the blade and the cutting blade, the stalk of the stalk at the start of work is smoothly performed, and work stoppage due to a cutting mistake at the start of shampooing work is prevented, The pulverizing operation can be started smoothly.
[0038]
On the other hand, the tip of the oscillating blade protrudes from the tip of the fixed blade, and the oscillating range of the oscillating blade is adjusted so that the outer edge of each cutting blade is in contact with the tip of the outer edge of the fixed blade or intersects with the outer edge of the fixed blade. By setting the range, the tip of the oscillating blade protrudes from the tip of the fixed blade in the entire oscillating range, so that the fruit stem located in the groove comes into contact with any part of the cutting blade.
[0039]
This prevents miscutting of the stalk inserted into the groove, and since the swinging range of the swinging blade is set between the left and right edges of the fixed blade, deposits and the like that accumulate at the tip of the fixed blade. Is removed so as to be wiped in the left-right direction by the operation of the swing blade, so that cutting chips and the like are prevented from accumulating at the tip of the fixed blade.
[0040]
Further, by setting the amount of protrusion of the tip of the oscillating blade from the tip of the fixed blade so that the amount of protrusion of the oscillating blade outwardly from the left and right ends of the fixed blade when the oscillating blade is driven is relatively small, It is possible to reduce the amount of change in the width direction of the cutting part at the time of plucking work, and it is easy to arrange the electric fruit pulverizer so that the swinging blade does not come into contact with the berries located outside the fixed blade. Become.
[0041]
As a result, the stalk inserted into the groove of the fixed blade is reliably cut, and the swinging swinging blade can be prevented from damaging the fruit located outside the fixed blade, for example, Delaware Even if one grape is a relatively small grape like this, the remaining blades that are not pulverized are positioned outside the fixed blade, so that the rocking blade does not damage the pulps easily. There is an effect that can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an electric fruit granulator.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the electric fruit granulator.
3A is a front view of the cam, and FIG. 3B is a side view of the cam.
FIG. 4 is a main part front view of the inside of the electric fruit pulverizer, showing a swing driving state of the swing blade.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a scissor-type electric fruit granulator.
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a scissor type electric fruit pulverizer.
7A is a front view of a cam, and FIG. 7B is a side view of the cam.
FIG. 8 is a main part plan view showing a relationship between a cam and a limit switch.
FIG. 9 is a wiring diagram illustrating wiring of a motor.
10 (a) is a side view of a bunch of grapes before pruning, and FIG. 10 (b) is a side view of a bunch of grapes after pruning.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 3 Cutting part 7 Electric motor 10L Cutting blade 10R Cutting blade 13 Groove 14 Fixed blade 15L Receiving blade 15R Receiving blade 16 Oscillating blade 21 Cutting scissors 21a Cutting blade 21b Cutting blade 23 Motor 28 Switch guide 29 Limit switch

Claims (2)

果実の果梗を切断する切断部(3)と、該切断部(3)を駆動する電動モータ(7)とが本体(1)に一体的に設けられた手持ち式の電動果実摘粒器において、上記切断部(3)が、本体(1)側に固定的に取り付けられる固定刃(14)と、該固定刃(14)に対して揺動する揺動刃(16)とを備え、固定刃(14)に設けられる受刃(15L),(15R)と、揺動刃(16)に設けられる切刃(10L),(10R)との間に果梗を挟み込んで切断するように構成され、上記固定刃(14)が略V字状の溝(13)を備え、該溝(13)の両側に受刃(15L),(15R)を設け、モータ(7)と揺動刃(16)との間に、揺動刃(16)を各受刃(15L),(15R)側に交互に揺動させる揺動駆動機構を設け、揺動刃(16)の両受刃(15L),(15R)側に先端に至る切刃(10L),(10R)を設け、揺動刃(16)の揺動時に両切刃(10L),(10R)が揺動方向側の受刃(15L),(15R)とともに果梗の切断を行う電動果実摘粒器。In a hand-held electric fruit pulverizer in which a cutting part (3) for cutting fruit stems and an electric motor (7) for driving the cutting part (3) are provided integrally with the main body (1), The cutting section (3) includes a fixed blade (14) fixedly attached to the main body (1) side, and a swing blade (16) swinging with respect to the fixed blade (14). It is configured to cut and insert a stalk between the receiving blades (15L) and (15R) provided in (14) and the cutting blades (10L) and (10R) provided in the oscillating blade (16). The fixed blade (14) has a substantially V-shaped groove (13), receiving blades (15L) and (15R) are provided on both sides of the groove (13), and the motor (7) and the oscillating blade (16) are provided. ), A swing drive mechanism for alternately swinging the swing blade (16) toward the receiving blades (15L) and (15R) is provided. The cutting blades (10L) and (10R) reaching the tip are provided on the both receiving blades (15L) and (15R) sides, and the both cutting blades (10L) and (10R) swing when the swing blade (16) swings. An electric fruit pulverizer that cuts the stalk together with the receiving blades (15L) and (15R) on the moving direction side. 揺動刃(16)の先端を固定刃(14)の先端より突出させ、揺動刃(16)の揺動範囲を、各切刃(10L),(10R)の外側縁が、向かい合う固定刃(14)の外側縁(14L),(14R)の先端に接する又は固定刃(14)の外側縁(14L),(14R)と交差する位置間に設定した請求項1記載の電動果実摘粒器。The tip of the oscillating blade (16) is protruded from the tip of the fixed blade (14), and the oscillating range of the oscillating blade (16) is set such that the outer edges of the cutting blades (10L) and (10R) face each other. 2. The electric fruit pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the electric fruit pulverizer is set between a position in contact with a tip of the outer edge (14L) and (14R) of the (14) or an intersection with the outer edge (14L) and (14R) of the fixed blade (14). .
JP2002233301A 2002-08-09 2002-08-09 Electric fruit picker Pending JP2004065208A (en)

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WO2016085242A1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 박준현 Fruit thinning apparatus
KR20160063175A (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-03 박준현 The thinning fruit device which the blade which I am a horizontality fluid is equipped
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CN109348860A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-02-19 甘肃农业大学 Hand fruit picking
CN110393089A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-11-01 湖南科技大学 High-altitude fruit acquisition system and its operating method
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160063175A (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-03 박준현 The thinning fruit device which the blade which I am a horizontality fluid is equipped
KR101637092B1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-07-06 박준현 The thinning fruit device which the blade which I am a horizontality fluid is equipped
WO2016085242A1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 박준현 Fruit thinning apparatus
KR20180137896A (en) * 2017-06-20 2018-12-28 주식회사 명산테크 A stem cutting device of the crops
KR101965344B1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2019-04-03 주식회사 명산테크 A stem cutting device of the crops
CN108293418B (en) * 2018-02-12 2024-01-30 中国计量大学 End effector of fruit string picking manipulator and picking method thereof
CN108293418A (en) * 2018-02-12 2018-07-20 中国计量大学 Fruit string picking mechanical arm end effector and its picking method
CN108419520A (en) * 2018-05-14 2018-08-21 安徽工业大学 A kind of efficient fruits picking end effector, device for picking fruit and picking vehicle
CN108419520B (en) * 2018-05-14 2024-04-09 安徽工业大学 High-efficiency real picking end effector, fruit picking device and picking vehicle
CN110393089A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-11-01 湖南科技大学 High-altitude fruit acquisition system and its operating method
CN109348860A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-02-19 甘肃农业大学 Hand fruit picking
CN109348860B (en) * 2018-12-11 2024-03-22 甘肃农业大学 Manual fruit picking machine
CN111937580A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-17 广东省现代农业装备研究所 Tomato string fuzzy picking device and picking method thereof
CN114931024A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-23 新疆大学 Single-drive grape picking robot end effector for clamping and cutting fruit stalks

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