JP2004043992A - Method for ozone bleaching of lignocellulosic material - Google Patents

Method for ozone bleaching of lignocellulosic material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2004043992A
JP2004043992A JP2002199819A JP2002199819A JP2004043992A JP 2004043992 A JP2004043992 A JP 2004043992A JP 2002199819 A JP2002199819 A JP 2002199819A JP 2002199819 A JP2002199819 A JP 2002199819A JP 2004043992 A JP2004043992 A JP 2004043992A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pulp
bleaching
ozone
treatment
hydrogen peroxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2002199819A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4380968B2 (en
Inventor
Takamasa Fukushima
福島 隆正
Naofumi Koshida
越田 直文
Tetsuo Koshizuka
腰塚 哲夫
Tadashi Okazaki
岡崎 正
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc filed Critical Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
Priority to JP2002199819A priority Critical patent/JP4380968B2/en
Publication of JP2004043992A publication Critical patent/JP2004043992A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4380968B2 publication Critical patent/JP4380968B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for ozone bleaching of a lignocellulosic material. <P>SOLUTION: The lignocellulosic material is treated with ozone and then heat-treated at 40-100°C in the method for ozone treating of the lignocellulosic material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、リグノセルロース材料のオゾン漂白方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、オゾン漂白後の光、熱による褪色性を改善する方法であり、さらにオゾン漂白後の過酸化水素の漂白効率を大幅に改善し、経済的な漂白方法を提供するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
化学パルプは、高白色度にするために、硫化ソーダ、苛性ソーダ等で高温で木材を蒸解し、リグニン等の不純物等の大部分を除去した後、塩素、次亜塩素酸塩、二酸化塩素等の塩素系漂白剤で主に漂白されている。しかし、ダイオキシン、クロロホルム等の環境問題のために、無塩素漂白技術が要求されている。
【0003】
機械パルプは、木材をすりつぶし繊維化したパルプであり、木材本来の性質はほとんど保持されている。この漂白方法としては、リグニンが多量に残存していることから、酸化剤としては、過酸化水素、還元剤として亜二チオン酸塩が主に使用されている。
【0004】
古紙パルプとしては、新聞及び雑誌等比較的リグニンを多量に含有したパルプについては、過酸化水素、亜二チオン酸塩が使用されている。雑誌の中のパンフレット、カタログ等リグニン含有量の少ない古紙及び白物古紙等は主に次亜塩素酸塩で漂白されているため、ダイオキシン、クロロホルム等の環境問題により、無塩素漂白技術が要請されている。
【0005】
非木材パルプであるバガス、ワラ、竹、麻、コットンも強度を出すためにアルカリ性薬品で蒸解され、その後次亜塩素酸塩等の塩素化合物で漂白されている。従って、このパルプについてもダイオキシン、クロロホルム等の環境問題により、無塩素漂白技術が要請されている。
【0006】
オゾンは従来多量の電気を消費する、また、反応性に富んでいる事からリグノセルロース材料の粘度、強度を低下させるとの欠点があり、それほど利用されてこなかった。しかし、オゾン発生効率の大幅な改善及びオゾン反応装置の進歩により実用的になってきた。
【0007】
例えば、化学パルプの無塩素漂白法としては、分子状の塩素を使用しないECF漂白法(エレメンタリークロリンフリー)と完全に塩素系の漂白剤を使用しないTCF漂白法(トータルクロリンフリー)がある。一般的に、ECF漂白法では、酸素(O)、アルカリ(E)、過酸化水素(P)、二酸化塩素(D)、オゾン(Z)等の組み合わせが使用され、Z−Eop−D、ZD−Eop−Dのように連続して漂白される。TCF漂白法では、酸素、過酸化水素、オゾン、過酢酸(PA)等の組み合わせが使用され、Z−Eop−Pのように連続して漂白される。このように化学パルプの分野ではいずれの漂白法でも無塩素漂白の薬剤としてオゾンは重要な薬剤となりつつある。
【0008】
古紙パルプ分野では、新聞古紙は、従来から過酸化水素、ハイドロサルファイト、二酸化チオ尿素の無塩素漂白剤が使用されてきたが、リグニン含量の少ない上質系古紙は次亜塩素酸塩が使用されてきたが、有機塩素化合物が生成されることから過酸化水素とともに将来オゾンが使用されるものと思われる。オゾンを使用した漂白方法としては、Z単独またはZ−Pのような組み合わせで漂白される。
【0009】
非木材パルプ分野においても、従来塩素系漂白剤として次亜塩素酸塩、無塩素漂白剤として過酸化水素が使用されてきたが、Z単独またはZ−Pのような組み合わせで漂白され、今後オゾンが重要な薬剤となる可能性がある。このように、無塩素漂白方法として、オゾンは単独で使用される場合と過酸化水素と組み合わせて使用されるケースが多い。
【0010】
化学パルプ、機械パルプ、古紙、非木材パルプをオゾン単独で漂白した場合、漂白後のパルプを室温で放置した場合、他の無塩素漂白剤である過酸化水素で漂白した場合に比べ色戻りが大きいとの問題点がある。また、本発明者等の検討によるとオゾン漂白後の過酸化水素の漂白性が二酸化塩素で漂白した後の過酸化水素漂白に比べ劣るとの問題点がある。
【0011】
オゾン漂白後のパルプの褪色性を改善する方法として、特開2001−131887号公報にオゾンを添加する前に、pH2.0〜4.0、温度80〜100℃、滞留時間60〜120分の処理条件で行う褪色性の優れた感材用高白色度パルプの製造方法が提案されている。この方法はオゾン処理の前で行う処理方法であり、オゾン処理後の褪色性の改善は十分でない。また、高温酸性下で実施されるためパルプ粘度が低下するとの問題点がある。
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、リグノセルロースパルプのオゾン漂白に関し、オゾン漂白後のパルプの褪色性が悪く、このパルプを使用した製品を製造した場合品質的に生じる種々の問題に対して、この褪色性を改善し、工業的に有用な無塩素漂白パルプを提供することである。本発明のもう一つの目的は、オゾン漂白後さらに過酸化水素で漂白するZ−Pによる無塩素漂白を行う場合、オゾン漂白後の過酸化水素の漂白性が悪いとの問題に対して、過酸化水素の漂白性を向上させ、経済的な無塩素漂白法を提供する事である。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、オゾンパルプの褪色性改善について種々検討した結果、オゾン漂白パルプに加熱処理を施すことにより、大幅に褪色性が改善する事がわかった。即ち、本発明は、リグノセルロース材料をオゾン処理する方法において、オゾン処理後に40〜100℃に加熱処理をすることを特徴とするリグノセルロース材料の漂白方法に関するものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるリグノセルロース材料とは、セルロースとリグニンとが物理的あるいは化学的に結合したもので、化学パルプ、機械パルプ、非木材パルプ、古紙パルプ等を意味する。化学パルプとしては、クラフト法、ポリサルファイド法、ソーダ法、中性あるいはアルカリ性サルファイト法、およびこれらに蒸解触媒としてアントラキノン誘導体を加えた蒸解方法で製造したパルプを挙げる事ができる。機械パルプとしては、グランドパルプ(GP)、リファイナーグランドパルプ(RGP)、木材チップに熱処理を施したサーモメカニカル(TMP)、木材チップに化学処理を施したケミサーモメカニカルパルプ(CTMP)等のパルプを挙げる事ができる。
【0015】
非木材パルプとしては、竹、ワラ、麻、バガス等をそのまますりつぶしたパルプ、あるいは化学パルプと同様に薬品により蒸解したパルプが挙げられる。古紙パルプとしては、上記化学パルプ、機械パルプ、非木材パルプを使用して作られた紙製品が回収され、再度インキが除去されたパルプである。以下において化学パルプを例として実施の形態を説明する。
【0016】
木材チップは上記の各種蒸解法でパルプ化される。これらのパルプにはアルカリにより変質したリグニンと着色物質、炭水化物の変質物、残存薬品が残留している。次いで、洗浄処理によりこれらの残留物は洗われる。次いで、これらの残留リグニンはさらに酸素漂白(以下O処理)により、30〜70%が除去される。次いで、洗浄され未晒パルプとなる。
【0017】
この未晒パルプに酸が添加され、pH1〜7、好ましくは2〜5、さらに好ましくは2.5〜4に調整される。パルプの酸性処理に使用できる薬品は、硫酸、塩酸、硝酸、亜硝酸、亜硫酸、酢酸、蓚酸などの無機酸及び有機酸が単独または組み合わせで用いられる。漂白廃液の回収の点からは、硫酸を用いることがもっとも好ましい。
【0018】
pHを調整後オゾン処理(以下Z処理)を行う。Z処理はパルプ濃度33%程度の高濃度、あるいは10%程度の中濃度のいずれでも行う事ができる。オゾン添加率は、パルプ重量に対して、0.05〜1.0%、好ましくは0.1〜0.5%である。反応時間は、数十秒〜数十分である。
【0019】
オゾン処理後パルプは洗浄される。洗浄装置としては、ディフューザータイプまたはドラム式の洗浄機が一般的に使用されるが、パルプが洗浄できればいずれの方法でも良い。
【0020】
洗浄終了後加熱処理(以下h処理)を行うが、h処理は、Z処理後洗浄前に行ってもよいし、Z処理後洗浄した後h処理を行っても良い。h処理の条件としては、パルプ濃度は3〜40%、好ましくは5〜20%である。処理温度は、40〜100℃が好ましい。処理時間は、15分以上が好ましい。加熱方法としては、スチームミキサー等Z処理パルプが所定温度に加熱できる装置であればいずれの方法でも良い。
【0021】
h処理終了後、アルカリ処理またはアルカリ性過酸化水素処理が行われる。アルカリ処理としては、アルカリの単独処理(以下E処理)を行う。アルカリ性過酸化水素処理としては、過酸化水素単独処理(以下Ep処理)、酸素と過酸化水素との併用処理(以下Eop処理)を行う。アルカリ処理、アルカリ性過酸化水素処理で使用するアルカリ剤としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム等がある。E処理、Ep処理またはEop処理では通常の条件を選ぶことができる。すなわち、水酸化ナトリウム添加率は、0.05〜3%、温度40℃〜100℃、過酸化水素添加率0.05〜2%、酸素添加率0.1〜0.5%である。
【0022】
本発明のh処理を組み込んだ漂白シーケンスとしては、ECF漂白では、O−Zh−Eop−D、O−Zh−Eop−D−D、O−Zh−Eop−DnD(nは中和またはアルカリ処理)、O−Z−hEop−D、O−Z−hEop−D−D、O−Z−hEop−DnD、TCF漂白としては、O−Zh−Eop−P、O−Z−hEop−P、O−Zh−Eop−P−Z、O−Z−hEop−P−Zである。
【0023】
【実施例】
実施例によって本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。各薬品の使用量は絶乾パルプあたりの重量%で示し、過酸化水素の使用量は100%換算である。使用したパルプは広葉樹をクラフト蒸解後酸素漂白して得られたパルプ(以下KPとする)である。また、分析方法は下記の方法によった。
・パルプ:白色度 50.1%、K価 6.1、粘度 22.9mPa・s
・分析評価:
白色度・・・・・JIS−P8023(ハンター白色度法)
K価・・・・・・TAPPI K価法
粘度・・・・・・J.TAPPI No.44法
褪色度(PC価)・・風乾後の白色度、105℃−24h(オーブン中)熱処理後の白色度を測定後、下記式のPC価で表した。
【0024】
実施例1
パルプ60g(絶乾)に所定量の水、硫酸を入れ、pH3、パルプ濃度10%に調整する。これをオゾン反応装置(有効容積5L)に入れる。オゾン発生器(住友精密工業(株))により濃度200g/mのオゾンを一旦容量5Lのシリンダーに貯蔵する。オゾン反応装置を400rpmで撹拌し、この反応器にシリンダー内のオゾンを対パルプ0.5%(1.5L)添加し、3分間反応させる。
反応条件:pH3、PC10%、温度30℃、オゾン0.5%、反応時間3分
オゾン消費率 97.3%
▲2▼加温処理(h)
次いでこのオゾン処理パルプを加温処理する。パルプをポリ袋に入れ、40℃の恒温槽に浸漬し、5分、10分、15分、30分、60分、120分、180分処理する。
▲3▼洗浄処理
次いで洗浄処理を行う。パルプを2.5Lに希釈し(濾過水使用)、次いでブフナーロート上で20%に脱水する。この操作を2回繰り返す(洗浄率98.7%)。
▲4▼抄紙
パルプ絶乾15gを2Lのミキサーに入れ、希釈・離解する。硫酸水にてpH5.5に調整後、ブフナーロート(φ150mm)上にて2枚のシートを作成する。
▲5▼乾燥
一夜風乾する。
▲6▼白色度測定
2枚のシートについて、各4ヶ所測定し(計8ヶ所)、その平均を出す。
▲7▼褪色試験
105℃のオーブンに入れ、24h熱処理した。その後、白色度を測定し、PC価を計算した。尚、PC価は、下記計算式で表される。
【0025】
【数1】

Figure 2004043992
【0026】
実施例2
加熱処理(h)温度を60℃で行った以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
【0027】
実施例3
加熱処理(h)温度を80℃で行った以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
【0028】
比較例1
加熱処理(h)を行わなかった以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
【0029】
【表1】
Table1   加熱時間(h)とPC価の関係
Figure 2004043992
尚、(  )内は褪色前白色度(%)
Table1に示したように、加熱処理により、褪色性が大幅に改善された。
【0030】
実施例4
加熱処理を洗浄後に行った以外は、実施例2と同様に行った。即ち、Z−hシーケンスで行った。その結果、加熱処理(h)時間15分後のPC価は3.4であり、加熱処理を前に行うZh−と同様な効果が得られた。
【0031】
実施例5
加熱時間(h)を40℃、60分とし、洗浄処理後下記条件でアルカリ性過水漂白を実施した以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
過酸化水素 0.25%、NaOH 1.0%、パルプ濃度 10%、
温度 60℃、時間 90分
【0032】
比較例2
加熱処理(h)を行わなかった事、過水漂白時のNaOH量を1.5%に増量した以外は、実施例5と同様に行った。
【0033】
【表2】
Table2     加熱処理の過酸化水素漂白へ及ぼす影響
Figure 2004043992
Table2に加熱処理の過酸化水素漂白へ及ぼす影響を示した。その結果、加熱処理(h)を実施する事により、大幅に白色度が向上した。さらに、加熱処理を行わない場合は過酸化水素漂白時同一NaOH量で漂白した場合、漂白pHの低下が大きく、同一の処理pHで漂白するためには、NaOH必要量が約5割増加した。
【0034】
実施例6
パルプ種として、機械パルプの一種である白色度 57.3%のTMPを使用し、オゾン処理方法として加熱時間(h)を60℃、15分とし、その後洗浄し、下記条件で過酸化水素漂白を実施した以外実施例5と同様に行った。
過水漂白条件としては、過酸化水素 1%、NaOH 0.8%、珪酸ソーダ 3%、温度 60℃、時間 3hで処理した。
【0035】
比較例3
加熱処理を行わない以外は実施例6と同様に行った。
【0036】
実施例7
パルプ種として、上質系古紙から離解 → 脱墨 → 洗浄 → 脱水工程にて製造した白色度 67.3%の上質系古紙パルプを使用し、オゾン処理方法として加熱時間(h)を60℃、15分とし、その後洗浄し、下記条件で過酸化水素漂白を実施した以外は実施例5と同様に行った。過水漂白条件としては、過酸化水素1%、NaOH 0.8%、珪酸ソーダ 3%、温度 60℃、時間 3hで処理した。
【0037】
比較例4
加熱処理を行わない以外は、実施例7と同様に行った。
【0038】
実施例8
パルプ種として、非木材パルプの一種であるケナフをNaOH蒸解 → 洗浄 → 脱水工程にて製造した白色度 47.3%の上質系古紙パルプを使用し、オゾン処理方法として加熱時間(h)を60℃、15分とし、その後洗浄し、下記条件で過酸化水素漂白を実施した以外は実施例5と同様に行った。過水漂白条件としては、過酸化水素 3%、NaOH 2.1%、珪酸ソーダ 3%、温度 60℃、時間 3hで処理した。
【0039】
比較例5
加熱処理を行わない以外は、実施例8と同様に行った。
【0040】
【表3】
Table3 各種パルプのオゾン処理後の過水漂白に及ぼす加熱処理(h)効果
Figure 2004043992
Table3において、各種パルプのオゾン処理後の過水漂白に及ぼす加熱処理効果について記した。その結果、機械パルプ、古紙パルプ、非木材パルプについて、オゾン処理後の加熱処理が、次段の過水漂白の効率upに非常に効果的であった。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、オゾン漂白リグノセルロースパルプの褪色性が悪いとの欠点に対して、有効な解決策となり、従来の塩素漂白からオゾン漂白パルプへの転換が普及し、環境問題が解決される。さらに、高白色度のパルプを製造する場合、オゾンと過酸化水素の組み合わせとなるが、この方法においても、過酸化水素の漂白効率を向上させ、より高白色度のパルプの製造が可能となる。しかも、過酸化水素の効率が向上することにより、オゾンと過酸化水素の組み合わせ漂白をより経済的に行うことができる。すなわち、本発明は、環境問題と経済問題を同時に解決した漂白法である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for ozone bleaching of lignocellulosic materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for improving the bleaching property due to light and heat after bleaching ozone, and further to significantly improve the bleaching efficiency of hydrogen peroxide after bleaching ozone to provide an economical bleaching method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Chemical pulp is prepared by digesting wood at high temperature with sodium sulfide, caustic soda, etc. to remove most impurities such as lignin, etc. to obtain high brightness, and then removes chlorine, hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, etc. It is mainly bleached with chlorine bleach. However, chlorine-free bleaching technology is required due to environmental problems such as dioxin and chloroform.
[0003]
Mechanical pulp is pulp obtained by grinding wood into fibers, and most of the properties inherent in wood are retained. In this bleaching method, since lignin remains in a large amount, hydrogen peroxide is mainly used as an oxidizing agent, and dithionite is mainly used as a reducing agent.
[0004]
As waste paper pulp, hydrogen peroxide and dithionite are used for pulp containing a relatively large amount of lignin such as newspapers and magazines. Recycled paper with low lignin content and white paper such as brochures and catalogs in magazines are mainly bleached with hypochlorite, so chlorine-free bleaching technology is required due to environmental problems such as dioxin and chloroform. ing.
[0005]
Non-wood pulp such as bagasse, straw, bamboo, hemp, and cotton is also digested with alkaline chemicals for strength and then bleached with chlorine compounds such as hypochlorite. Therefore, chlorine-free bleaching technology is also required for this pulp due to environmental problems such as dioxin and chloroform.
[0006]
Conventionally, ozone has a drawback that it consumes a large amount of electricity and, because of its high reactivity, lowers the viscosity and strength of the lignocellulose material, and has not been used so much. However, it has become practical due to a significant improvement in ozone generation efficiency and advances in ozone reactors.
[0007]
For example, the chlorine-free bleaching method of chemical pulp includes an ECF bleaching method (elementary chlorin free) without using molecular chlorine and a TCF bleaching method (total chlorin free) without using a completely chlorine-based bleaching agent. Generally, in the ECF bleaching method, a combination of oxygen (O), alkali (E), hydrogen peroxide (P), chlorine dioxide (D), ozone (Z), etc. is used, and Z-Eop-D, ZD -Continuous bleaching as in Eop-D. In the TCF bleaching method, a combination of oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, peracetic acid (PA) and the like is used, and bleaching is continuously performed like Z-Eop-P. Thus, in the field of chemical pulp, ozone is becoming an important agent as a chlorine-free bleaching agent in any bleaching method.
[0008]
In the waste paper pulp field, newspaper-free newspapers have traditionally used hydrogen peroxide, hydrosulfite, and thiourea dioxide-free chlorine bleach, but high-quality waste paper with low lignin content uses hypochlorite. However, ozone is expected to be used in the future together with hydrogen peroxide due to the generation of organochlorine compounds. As a bleaching method using ozone, bleaching is performed by Z alone or a combination such as Z-P.
[0009]
In the non-wood pulp field, hypochlorite has been used as a chlorine bleach and hydrogen peroxide has been used as a chlorine-free bleach. Can be an important drug. As described above, ozone is often used alone or in combination with hydrogen peroxide as a chlorine-free bleaching method.
[0010]
When chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, waste paper, and non-wood pulp are bleached with ozone alone, the bleached pulp is left at room temperature, and the color return is lower than when bleached with other chlorine-free bleach, hydrogen peroxide. There is a problem with being large. Further, according to the study by the present inventors, there is a problem that the bleaching property of hydrogen peroxide after ozone bleaching is inferior to that of hydrogen peroxide after bleaching with chlorine dioxide.
[0011]
As a method for improving the bleaching property of pulp after ozone bleaching, before adding ozone to JP-A-2001-131887, pH 2.0 to 4.0, temperature 80 to 100 ° C, residence time 60 to 120 minutes. There has been proposed a method for producing a high-whiteness pulp for a light-sensitive material having excellent fading performance under processing conditions. This method is a treatment method performed before the ozone treatment, and the discoloration after the ozone treatment is not sufficiently improved. In addition, there is a problem that the pulp viscosity is reduced because the pulp is carried out under high temperature acidity.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention relates to ozone bleaching of lignocellulose pulp, and the discoloration of pulp after ozone bleaching is poor. An improved, industrially useful chlorine-free bleached pulp is provided. Another object of the present invention is to perform chlorine-free bleaching with Z-P, which is further bleached with hydrogen peroxide after ozone bleaching, to solve the problem of poor bleaching properties of hydrogen peroxide after ozone bleaching. An object of the present invention is to improve the bleachability of hydrogen oxide and provide an economical chlorine-free bleaching method.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies on the improvement of the fading property of ozone pulp, the present inventors have found that heat treatment of ozone bleached pulp significantly improves the fading property. That is, the present invention relates to a method for bleaching a lignocellulose material, which comprises subjecting the lignocellulose material to ozone treatment, wherein the ozone treatment is followed by heat treatment at 40 to 100 ° C.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The lignocellulosic material used in the present invention is a material in which cellulose and lignin are physically or chemically bonded, and means chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, non-wood pulp, waste paper pulp and the like. Examples of the chemical pulp include pulp produced by a kraft method, a polysulfide method, a soda method, a neutral or alkaline sulphide method, and pulp produced by adding an anthraquinone derivative as a digestion catalyst thereto. Examples of the mechanical pulp include pulp such as ground pulp (GP), refiner ground pulp (RGP), thermomechanical (TMP) obtained by subjecting wood chips to heat treatment, and chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) obtained by subjecting wood chips to chemical treatment. I can list them.
[0015]
Examples of the non-wood pulp include pulp obtained by directly grinding bamboo, straw, hemp, bagasse, or the like, or pulp cooked by chemicals in the same manner as chemical pulp. The used paper pulp is a pulp obtained by collecting paper products made using the chemical pulp, the mechanical pulp, and the non-wood pulp and removing the ink again. The embodiment will be described below using chemical pulp as an example.
[0016]
Wood chips are pulped by the various cooking methods described above. These pulp contain lignin and coloring substances altered by alkali, altered substances of carbohydrates, and residual chemicals. These residues are then washed by a washing process. Next, 30 to 70% of these residual lignins are further removed by oxygen bleaching (hereinafter referred to as O treatment). Next, it is washed and becomes unbleached pulp.
[0017]
An acid is added to the unbleached pulp and the pH is adjusted to 1 to 7, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2.5 to 4. As chemicals that can be used for the acid treatment of pulp, inorganic acids and organic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfurous acid, acetic acid, and oxalic acid are used alone or in combination. From the viewpoint of recovery of the bleaching waste liquid, it is most preferable to use sulfuric acid.
[0018]
After adjusting the pH, ozone treatment (hereinafter referred to as Z treatment) is performed. The Z treatment can be performed either at a high pulp concentration of about 33% or at a medium concentration of about 10%. The ozone addition rate is 0.05 to 1.0%, preferably 0.1 to 0.5%, based on the weight of the pulp. The reaction time is several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes.
[0019]
After the ozone treatment, the pulp is washed. As a washing device, a diffuser type or drum type washing machine is generally used, but any method may be used as long as pulp can be washed.
[0020]
After the cleaning, a heating treatment (hereinafter referred to as h treatment) is performed. The h treatment may be performed before the Z treatment and before the cleaning, or may be performed after the Z treatment and then the h treatment. As the conditions for the h treatment, the pulp concentration is 3 to 40%, preferably 5 to 20%. The processing temperature is preferably from 40 to 100C. The processing time is preferably 15 minutes or more. As a heating method, any method can be used as long as the apparatus can heat the Z-treated pulp to a predetermined temperature, such as a steam mixer.
[0021]
After the end of the h treatment, an alkali treatment or an alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment is performed. As the alkali treatment, an alkali single treatment (hereinafter referred to as E treatment) is performed. As the alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment, a treatment with hydrogen peroxide alone (hereinafter referred to as Ep treatment) and a combined treatment of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (hereinafter referred to as Eop treatment) are performed. Examples of the alkali agent used in the alkali treatment and the alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate and the like. In E processing, Ep processing, or Eop processing, normal conditions can be selected. That is, the sodium hydroxide addition rate is 0.05 to 3%, the temperature is 40 ° C to 100 ° C, the hydrogen peroxide addition rate is 0.05 to 2%, and the oxygen addition rate is 0.1 to 0.5%.
[0022]
As the bleaching sequence incorporating the h treatment of the present invention, in ECF bleaching, O-Zh-Eop-D, O-Zh-Eop-DD, O-Zh-Eop-DnD (n is neutralization or alkali treatment) ), OZ-hEop-D, O-Z-hEop-DD, O-Z-hEop-DnD, and TCF bleaching include O-Zh-Eop-P, O-Z-hEop-P, O -Zh-Eop-PZ and OZ-hEop-PZ.
[0023]
【Example】
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The used amount of each chemical is shown in% by weight per absolutely dry pulp, and the used amount of hydrogen peroxide is converted to 100%. The pulp used is pulp (hereinafter referred to as KP) obtained by kraft digestion of hardwood and oxygen bleaching. The analysis method was as follows.
・ Pulp: whiteness 50.1%, K value 6.1, viscosity 22.9 mPa · s
・ Analysis evaluation:
Whiteness: JIS-P8023 (Hunter whiteness method)
K value: TAPPI K value viscosity: J. TAPPI No. 44 method Fading degree (PC value): The whiteness after air drying and the whiteness after heat treatment at 105 ° C. for 24 hours (in an oven) were measured and expressed by the PC value of the following formula.
[0024]
Example 1
A predetermined amount of water and sulfuric acid are added to 60 g of pulp (absolutely dried) to adjust the pH to 3 and the pulp concentration to 10%. This is put into an ozone reactor (effective volume 5 L). Ozone having a concentration of 200 g / m 3 is temporarily stored in a cylinder having a capacity of 5 L using an ozone generator (Sumitomo Precision Industries, Ltd.). The ozone reactor was stirred at 400 rpm, and ozone in the cylinder was added to the reactor at 0.5% (1.5 L) with respect to pulp and reacted for 3 minutes.
Reaction conditions: pH 3, PC 10%, temperature 30 ° C., ozone 0.5%, reaction time 3 minutes, ozone consumption rate 97.3%
(2) Heating treatment (h)
Next, the ozone-treated pulp is heated. The pulp is put in a plastic bag, immersed in a constant temperature bath at 40 ° C., and treated for 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 minutes.
{Circle around (3)} Cleaning treatment Next, a cleaning treatment is performed. The pulp is diluted to 2.5 L (using filtered water) and then dewatered to 20% on a Buchner funnel. This operation is repeated twice (washing rate 98.7%).
{Circle around (4)} 15 g of absolutely dry paper pulp is put into a 2 L mixer, and diluted and defibrated. After adjusting the pH to 5.5 with sulfuric acid, two sheets are prepared on a Buchner funnel (φ150 mm).
(5) Drying Air-dry overnight.
{Circle around (6)} Whiteness measurement The two sheets are measured at four points each (eight points in total), and the average is calculated.
{Circle around (7)} Discoloration test Heat treatment was performed for 24 hours in a 105 ° C. oven. Thereafter, the whiteness was measured and the PC value was calculated. The PC value is represented by the following formula.
[0025]
(Equation 1)
Figure 2004043992
[0026]
Example 2
The heat treatment (h) was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature was 60 ° C.
[0027]
Example 3
The heat treatment (h) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature was 80 ° C.
[0028]
Comparative Example 1
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the heat treatment (h) was not performed.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Table1 Relationship between heating time (h) and PC value
Figure 2004043992
() Indicates whiteness before fading (%)
As shown in Table 1, the heat treatment significantly improved the discoloration.
[0030]
Example 4
Example 2 was repeated except that the heat treatment was performed after the washing. That is, the test was performed in the Zh sequence. As a result, the PC value after 15 minutes of the heat treatment (h) was 3.4, and the same effect as that of Zh- before the heat treatment was obtained.
[0031]
Example 5
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the heating time (h) was set to 40 ° C. and 60 minutes, and the alkaline peroxide bleaching was carried out under the following conditions after the washing treatment.
0.25% hydrogen peroxide, 1.0% NaOH, 10% pulp concentration,
Temperature 60 ° C., time 90 minutes
Comparative Example 2
The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the heat treatment (h) was not performed, and the amount of NaOH during the bleaching with water was increased to 1.5%.
[0033]
[Table 2]
Table 2 Effect of heat treatment on hydrogen peroxide bleaching
Figure 2004043992
Table 2 shows the effect of heat treatment on hydrogen peroxide bleaching. As a result, by performing the heat treatment (h), the whiteness was significantly improved. Further, in the case where bleaching was carried out with the same amount of NaOH during bleaching with hydrogen peroxide when the heat treatment was not carried out, the bleaching pH was greatly reduced, and the required amount of NaOH increased by about 50% in order to bleach at the same treatment pH.
[0034]
Example 6
As a pulp seed, TMP having a whiteness of 57.3%, which is a kind of mechanical pulp, is used. The ozone treatment method is as follows. Was performed in the same manner as in Example 5.
The conditions of the bleaching with hydrogen were as follows: hydrogen peroxide 1%, NaOH 0.8%, sodium silicate 3%, temperature 60 ° C., time 3 hours.
[0035]
Comparative Example 3
The same operation as in Example 6 was performed except that the heat treatment was not performed.
[0036]
Example 7
As the pulp type, fine-grade waste paper pulp produced in the process of disintegration from high-quality waste paper → deinking → washing → dehydration is used, and the heating time (h) is 60 ° C., 15 , And washed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that hydrogen peroxide bleaching was performed under the following conditions. As the conditions for peroxide bleaching, treatment was performed with 1% of hydrogen peroxide, 0.8% of NaOH, 3% of sodium silicate, a temperature of 60 ° C., and a time of 3 hours.
[0037]
Comparative Example 4
The same operation as in Example 7 was performed except that the heat treatment was not performed.
[0038]
Example 8
As a pulp seed, kenaf, a kind of non-wood pulp, is made of high-quality waste paper pulp having a whiteness of 47.3% produced by NaOH digestion → washing → dehydration process, and a heating time (h) of 60 is used as an ozone treatment method. C., 15 minutes, washed, and then performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that hydrogen peroxide bleaching was performed under the following conditions. The conditions of the bleaching with hydrogen were as follows: hydrogen peroxide 3%, NaOH 2.1%, sodium silicate 3%, temperature 60 ° C., time 3 hours.
[0039]
Comparative Example 5
The same operation as in Example 8 was performed except that the heat treatment was not performed.
[0040]
[Table 3]
Table3 Effect of heat treatment (h) on water bleaching after ozone treatment of various pulp
Figure 2004043992
In Table 3, the effect of the heat treatment on the permeation bleaching after ozone treatment of various pulps was described. As a result, for mechanical pulp, waste paper pulp, and non-wood pulp, the heat treatment after the ozone treatment was very effective in increasing the efficiency of the next stage of bleaching.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes an effective solution with respect to the defect that the discoloration property of ozone bleached lignocellulose pulp is bad, the conversion from conventional chlorine bleaching to ozone bleached pulp becomes widespread, and environmental problems are solved. . Furthermore, when producing pulp with high whiteness, a combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide is used.In this method, the bleaching efficiency of hydrogen peroxide is improved, and pulp with higher whiteness can be produced. . In addition, since the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide is improved, the combined bleaching of ozone and hydrogen peroxide can be performed more economically. That is, the present invention is a bleaching method that simultaneously solves environmental problems and economic problems.

Claims (2)

リグノセルロース材料をオゾン処理する方法において、オゾン処理後に40〜100℃で加熱処理をすることを特徴とするリグノセルロース材料の漂白方法。A method for ozone-treating a lignocellulose material, wherein a heat treatment is performed at 40 to 100 ° C. after the ozone treatment. 加熱処理後、過酸化水素漂白をする請求項1記載の漂白方法。The bleaching method according to claim 1, wherein hydrogen peroxide bleaching is performed after the heat treatment.
JP2002199819A 2002-07-09 2002-07-09 Ozone bleaching method for lignocellulosic materials Expired - Lifetime JP4380968B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002199819A JP4380968B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2002-07-09 Ozone bleaching method for lignocellulosic materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002199819A JP4380968B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2002-07-09 Ozone bleaching method for lignocellulosic materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004043992A true JP2004043992A (en) 2004-02-12
JP4380968B2 JP4380968B2 (en) 2009-12-09

Family

ID=31706861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002199819A Expired - Lifetime JP4380968B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2002-07-09 Ozone bleaching method for lignocellulosic materials

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4380968B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008519176A (en) * 2004-11-05 2008-06-05 アクゾ ノーベル エヌ.ブイ. Cellulose fiber processing method
US8007636B2 (en) 2004-11-05 2011-08-30 Akzo Nobel N.V. Method of treating cellulose fibres with chlorine dioxide and an alkyl cellulose derivative

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008519176A (en) * 2004-11-05 2008-06-05 アクゾ ノーベル エヌ.ブイ. Cellulose fiber processing method
JP4684296B2 (en) * 2004-11-05 2011-05-18 アクゾ ノーベル ナムローゼ フェンノートシャップ Cellulose fiber processing method
US8007636B2 (en) 2004-11-05 2011-08-30 Akzo Nobel N.V. Method of treating cellulose fibres with chlorine dioxide and an alkyl cellulose derivative

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4380968B2 (en) 2009-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA1222603A (en) Polution free pulping process using recycled wash effluent from multiple bleach stages to remove black liquor and recovering sodium hydroxide from the black liquor
EP2895653B1 (en) Method of producing dissolving pulp, dissolving pulp and use of method
US6302997B1 (en) Process for producing a pulp suitable for papermaking from nonwood fibrous materials
US5164044A (en) Environmentally improved process for bleaching lignocellulosic materials with ozone
EP0483163B1 (en) Environmentally improved process for bleaching lignocellulosic materials
CA2596796C (en) Processes and systems for the pulping of lignocellulosic materials
AU2007253774C1 (en) Methods for carbonate pretreatment and pulping of cellulosic material
JPH09507697A (en) Production of pre-hydrolyzed pulp
WO2013033386A1 (en) Pulping processes
BR112014029701B1 (en) PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING DISSOLUTION PULP, LIQUOR, AND, PULP
CA2687581A1 (en) Method to remove hemicellulose from cellulosic fibres using a solution of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide
US5211811A (en) Process for high consistency oxygen delignification of alkaline treated pulp followed by ozone delignification
SE538752C2 (en) Process for the production of a treated pulp, treated pulp, and textile fibres produced from the treated pulp
WO2013033397A1 (en) Pulp composition
CA1164704A (en) Method for improving the washing of cellulose pulps
US4199399A (en) Method for preparing bagasse dissolving pulps and producing rayon having a degree of polymerization of at least 800 therefrom
JP4380968B2 (en) Ozone bleaching method for lignocellulosic materials
US5441603A (en) Method for chelation of pulp prior to ozone delignification
US20040200589A1 (en) Method of making pulp having high hemicellulose content
JP2644635B2 (en) Pulp, its production method, wood component separation method and its apparatus
WO1994020672A1 (en) Process for bleaching pulp
RU2115780C1 (en) Method for bleaching of high-consistency lignocellulose mass and bleached high-consistency lignocellulose mass produced by this method
US20040200587A1 (en) Cellulose pulp having increased hemicellulose content
Andrew et al. Bleaching of kraft pulps produced from green liquor prehydrolyzed South African Eucalyptus grandis wood chips
WO1991000386A1 (en) A method for bleaching kraft pulp with a mixture of oxygen and peroxide

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20050610

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20070913

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070919

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20071109

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080611

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080701

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20090902

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121002

Year of fee payment: 3

R151 Written notification of patent or utility model registration

Ref document number: 4380968

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20090915

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121002

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121002

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131002

Year of fee payment: 4

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term