JP2004043324A - Aromatic amine compound and use thereof - Google Patents

Aromatic amine compound and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004043324A
JP2004043324A JP2002199939A JP2002199939A JP2004043324A JP 2004043324 A JP2004043324 A JP 2004043324A JP 2002199939 A JP2002199939 A JP 2002199939A JP 2002199939 A JP2002199939 A JP 2002199939A JP 2004043324 A JP2004043324 A JP 2004043324A
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Prior art keywords
compound
aromatic amine
methylene
amine compound
ccr5
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JP2002199939A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigeru Suzuki
鈴木 茂
Yoshiyuki Takemura
竹村 好之
Kenji Sakauchi
坂内 堅二
Kunitaka Hirose
広瀬 国孝
Mikiro Yanaka
谷中 幹郎
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Kureha Corp
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Kureha Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new aromatic amine compound having effects on diseases such as HIV viral infectious diseases based on a CCR5 antagonistic activity. <P>SOLUTION: This aromatic amine compound is represented by formula (1) [wherein, A denotes an aromatic ring group selected from the group of formula 2] or its pharmacologically acceptable salt. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、芳香族アミン化合物又はその薬理的に許容される塩に関する。さらに、本発明は、その芳香族アミン化合物またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とする、特にケモカイン受容体CCR5に対する拮抗作用に基づく、関連疾患薬剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)の感染によって発症する後天性免疫不全症候群(AIDS)の治療薬は、逆転写酵素阻害薬とプロテアーゼ阻害薬があるが、薬剤耐性HIV変異株の出現が治療効果を喪失させている(最新医学、第53巻、第9号、2031頁(1998))。また、それらの組み合わせによる多剤併用療法も、服用に際して守るべき条件が多く、複雑であり、服用すべき数も多く、また、多彩な副作用もある(日経サイエンス、10月号、29頁(1998))。また、特にプロテアーゼ阻害薬の場合、複雑な内服方法や副作用の多さにもかかわらず、ほぼ100%服薬維持しないと、耐性株の出現と選択を引き起こす可能性が高くなることが知られている(モレキュラーメディシン、第36巻、第9号、1012頁(1999))。
また、過去において多くのウイルス疾患がワクチンにより絶滅ないし著しく軽減されてきたことから、ワクチン開発も試みられているが、HIVは変異が頻発することから、著しく困難と考えられている(日経サイエンス、10月号、42頁(1998))。
前記の通り、抗HIV作用を有する数種の化合物が報告されているが、優れた抗レトロウイルス作用を有し、耐性の発現に抵抗し得る新規な、しかも毒性や副作用が少なくて長期の運用に付することのできる抗ウイルス剤の開発が強く望まれているのが現状である。
【0003】
サイトカインの中で白血球に走化性を示すものをケモカインといい、分泌タンパクであり、N末のシステイン(Cys)の配列により、CXC−ケモカイン、CC−ケモカイン、C−ケモカイン、CX3C−ケモカインに分類され、その数は約30程度といわれる。
これらのケモカイン受容体には幾つかのサブタイプが存在するが、その中のCC−ケモカインMIP−1α、MIP−1β、RANTES等をリガンドとするCCR5は、マクロファージ指向性HIVの宿主細胞への感染時にコレセプターとして利用されることが知られている(サイエンス(Science),272,872(1996);サイエンス(Science),270,1811(1995))。HIVは、エンベロープタンパク質gp120の宿主細胞表面上のCCR5への結合を介して侵入する。即ち、CCR5に対して拮抗作用を有する薬剤は、侵入阻害という新規機序に基づく抗HIV薬剤として期待され、低分子薬剤として、TAK−779(プロシーディングズオブザナショナルアカデミーオブザユナイテドステーツオブアメリカ(PNAS、96、5698(1999))、SCH−C(プロシーディングズオブザナショナルアカデミーオブザユナイテドステーツオブアメリカ(PNAS、98、12718(2001))、マクロ環状化合物(WO 00/02870)等が報告されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、MIP−1αに対する優れたCCR5拮抗作用を有し、優れた抗レトロウイルス作用が期待され、かつ安全性の高い、新規化学構造を有する薬剤を提供するところにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、MIP−1αに対する優れたCCR5拮抗剤として有用な新規化学構造を有する化合物を開発すべく研究を重ねた結果、強力なCCR5拮抗活性を示し、そしてそれ故、抗HIV薬剤としての潜在能力をもつものとして示される、一連の芳香族アミン化合物を発見した。従って、本発明は、CCR5拮抗活性をもち、HIVを主とする抗ウイルス活性が期待される、以下に定義する式(1)の化合物の提供を目的とし、更に、式(1)の化合物からなるウイルス感染患者の治療のため、及び、CCR5拮抗作用に基づく関連疾患患者の治療のための薬剤を提供する。
【0006】
即ち、本発明は下記式(1)で示される化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩に関する。
【化3】

Figure 2004043324
但し、式中Aは、下記の群より選択される芳香環基である。
【化4】
Figure 2004043324
【0007】
また、これらの薬理学的に許容される塩としては、例えば、トリフルオロ酢酸塩、塩酸塩、酢酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、乳酸塩、マレイン酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、トルエンスルホン酸塩、酒石酸塩、クエン酸塩、シュウ酸塩、マロン酸塩、コハク酸塩、フマル酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、酪酸塩などを挙げることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の化合物は一般に用いられている有機化学反応によって製造することができる。以下にその製造法を例示するが、本発明化合物の合成はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【化5】
Figure 2004043324
【0009】
工程(a)
化合物(1)(上記反応工程式中、化学式の下に付した(1)の化合物。以下、同様)即ち、1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカンをクロロホルム、塩化メチレン、アセトニトリル、ピリジン等の適当な溶媒に溶解させ、クロロリン酸ジエチルまたはトシルクロリド等と反応させることにより3つの窒素原子を選択的に保護する工程。
【0010】
工程(b)
化合物(2)で示される化合物をアセトニトリル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等の適当な溶媒に溶解させ、空いている1つの窒素原子をp−キシリレンジハライドと反応させる工程。式中Xはハロゲン原子、好ましくは臭素原子を示す。
【0011】
工程(c)
化合物(3)で示される化合物をアセトニトリル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等の適当な溶媒に溶解させ、対応する芳香族アミン化合物と反応させることにより、化合物(4)で示される化合物を得る工程。
【0012】
工程(d)
化合物(4)で示される化合物を、メタノール、酢酸、ジオキサン等の適当な溶媒に溶解させ、適当な酸を用いて脱保護を行う工程。保護基がジエトキシホスホリル基の場合、塩酸/ジオキサン溶液を用いる。
【0013】
本発明の芳香族アミン化合物を次に示す。
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−(2−ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリン[化合物番号1]
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−8−アミノキノリン[化合物番号2]
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−1−アミノナフタレン[化合物番号3]
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−1−アミノ−5,6,7,8−テトラヒドロナフタレン[化合物番号4]
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−3−アミノ−ビフェニル[化合物番号5]
【0014】
本発明は前記化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするCCR5拮抗剤に関する。
本発明におけるCCR5拮抗剤またはその塩はウイルス性疾患、たとえばエイズなどの治療または予防などに用いられる。
薬理学的に許容される塩とは、前述の(1)式で示される芳香族アミン化合物と塩を形成できるものであって薬理学的に許容されるものであればいかなるものでもよい。例えば、トリフルオロ酢酸塩、塩酸塩、酢酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、乳酸塩、マレイン酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、トルエンスルホン酸塩、酒石酸塩、クエン酸塩、シュウ酸塩、マロン酸塩、コハク酸塩、フマル酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、酪酸塩などを挙げることができる。また、これらの化合物は場合により水和物、又は溶媒和物を形成していてもよい。
【0015】
式(1)で示される本発明化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩類を有効成分としてなる医薬製剤としては、通常、それ自体公知の薬理学上許容される担体、賦形剤、希釈剤、増量剤、崩壊剤、安定剤、保存剤、緩衝剤、乳化剤、芳香剤、着色剤、甘味剤、粘ちょう剤、矯味剤、溶解補助剤、その他添加剤、具体的には水、植物油、エタノール又はベンジルアルコールのようなアルコール、グリコール、グリセロールトリアセテート、ゼラチン、ラクトース、でんぷん等の炭水化物、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、タルク、ラノリン、ワセリン、マクロゴール、結晶セルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース等と混合して、錠剤、散剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、丸剤、座剤、注射剤、点眼剤、液剤、トローチ剤、エアゾール剤、懸濁剤、乳剤、シロップ剤等の形態により経口、又は非経口的に投与することができる。投与量は疾患の種類、程度、投与する化合物及び投与経路、患者の年齢、性別、体重により変わりえるが経口投与の場合、通常、成人一人当たり0.1〜5000mg、特に1〜3000mgを投与することが好ましい。
【0016】
次に実施例を示して本発明のCCR5拮抗剤の製法について具体的に説明する。
製造例1:N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−(2−ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリン[化合物番号1]の合成
【化6】
Figure 2004043324
【0017】
実施例1−1
4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(化合物(2))の合成
1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(5.20g,26.0mmol)をクロロホルム(312ml)に溶解させ氷冷攪拌下、トリエチルアミン(5.78g=7.96ml,57.1mmol)を加えた。先の反応系に、クロロリン酸ジエチル(9.41g=7.84ml,54.5mmol)をクロロホルム(156ml)で希釈したものを90分間かけて滴下した。さらに室温にて21時間攪拌した後、 反応液に飽和重曹水を加えクロロホルムにて分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥、減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(350g,クロロホルム:メタノール=15:1) にて精製し標記化合物(4.79g,収率30.3%)を無色シロップとして得た。
H−NMR(500Mz,CDCl)δ:1.27−1.33(m,18H),1.74(m,2H),1.88(m,2H),2.72(m,2H),2.80(m,2H),3.00−3.26(m,12H),3.90−4.10(m,12H)
MS(FAB): calcd for C2251 608.58, found609(MH
【0018】
実施例1−2
1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(化合物(3))の合成
実施例1−1により得られた4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン (1.22g,2.00mmol)をアセトニトリル(30.5ml)に溶解させ、炭酸カリウム(0.360g,2.60mmol),p−キシリレンジブロミド(2.65g,10.0mmol)を加え、70℃にて1時間攪拌した。TLCにて反応終了確認後、反応液に飽和食塩水を加えクロロホルムにて分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥、減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(フラッシュ600g,クロロホルム:メタノール=30:1) にて精製し標記化合物(0.897 g,収率56.4%)を無色シロップとして得た。
H−NMR(500Mz,CDCl)δ:1.23−1.36(m,18H),1.66−1.74(m,2H),1.82−1.91(m,2H),2.30−2.35(m,2H),2.58−2.63(m,2H),2.99−3.16 (m,12H),3.49(s,2H),3.95−4.07(m,12H),4.49 (s,2H),7.24(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.32(d,2H,J=8.0Hz)
MS(FAB): calcd for C3058BrNP,3791.63, found792(MH
【0019】
実施例1−3
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−(2−ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリン[化合物番号1]の合成
2−(ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリン(897mg,5.09mmol)をアセトニトリル(8.06ml)に溶解させ、炭酸カリウム(211mg,1.53mmol)を加え、80℃にて撹拌した。その反応液中へ実施例1−2により得られた1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(806mg,1.02mmol)をアセトニトリル(16.1ml)に溶解させたものをゆっくり滴下し、さらに同温度にて1時間撹拌した。TLCにて反応終了確認後、反応液に水を加え、クロロホルムにて分液抽出し得られた有機層を飽和食塩水洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥、減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(100g,クロロホルム:メタノール=30:1) にて精製しN−((4,8,11−トリス−(ジエトキシホスホリル))− (1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル)−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−(2−ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリン(678mg)を淡黄色シロップとして得た。この得られた化合物(42.9mg)を再び酢酸(0.858ml)に溶解させ、4M塩酸/ジオキサン溶液(1.29ml)を加え室温にて15時間撹拌した。反応液にジエチルエーテルを加え、析出固体を遠沈させ、酢酸洗浄、ジエチルエーテル洗浄後真空乾燥させ、標記化合物の塩酸塩(25.2mg,収率56%)を白色固体として得た。
H−NMR(500MHz,DO) δ;2.72−2.18(10H,m),2.79−3.40(18H,m),3.49(2H,t,J=5.4Hz), 3.82−4.02(2H,m),4.53(2H,s),7.00−7.08(2H,m),7.34(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),7.31 (1H,t,J=7.1Hz),7.48(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7.53(1H,d,J=7.1Hz)
MS(ESI): calcd for C29466 478.72, found479(MH
【0020】
製造例2
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−8−アミノキノリン[化合物番号2]の合成
【化7】
Figure 2004043324
【0021】
実施例1−3とほぼ同様の方法にて、1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(100mg,0.126mmol)を原料とし、2−(ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリンに代わって8−アミノキノリン(91.1mg,0.632mmol)を用いて反応を進めることにより、標記化合物塩酸塩(60.1mg,収率71%)を橙色固体として得た。
H−NMR(500MHz,DO)δ;2.00−2.18(4H,m), 2.62−3.33(16H,m),3.75(2H,s), 4.72(2H,s),7.25(1H,dd,J=1.7,6.8Hz),7.28(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),7.54(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7. 58−7.63(2H,m),7.83−7.91(1H,m),8.80(1H,d,J=8.5Hz),8.94(1H,dd,J=1.5,4.9Hz)
MS(ESI): calcd for C27386 446.63, found447(MH
【0022】
製造例3
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−1−アミノナフタレン[化合物番号3]の合成
【化8】
Figure 2004043324
【0023】
実施例1−3とほぼ同様の方法にて、1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(100mg,0.126mmol)を原料とし、2−(ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリンに代わって1−ナフチルアミン(90.4mg,0.632mmol)を用いて反応を進めることにより、標記化合物塩酸塩(20.0mg、収率26%)を白緑色固体として得た.
H−NMR(500MHz,DO) δ;1.49(2H,brs),2.01(2H,brs),2.64−2.74(16H,m),2.89  (2H,brs),3.04−3.06(2H,m),3.16(2H,brs),4.82(2H,s),7.20−7.22(2H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.36−7.40(1H,m), 7.44−7.45(2H,d,J=7.8Hz), 7.50−7.61(4H,m),7.91−7.93 (1H,m), 8.01−8.04(1H,m)
MS(ESI): calcd for C28395 445.64, found446(MH
【0024】
製造例4
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−1−アミノ−5,6,7,8−テトラヒドロナフタレン[化合物番号4]の合成
【化9】
Figure 2004043324
【0025】
実施例1−3とほぼ同様の方法にて、1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン(100mg,0.126mmol)を原料とし、2−(ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリンに変わって5,6,7,8−テトラヒドロ−1−ナフチルアミン(87.7μl,0.632mmol)を用いて反応を進めることにより、標記化合物塩酸塩(30.9mg,収率40%)を薄白褐色固体として得た.
H−NMR(500MHz,DO) δ;1.64−1.66(4H,m), 1.92(2H,brs), 2.07−2.01(4H,m),  2.41−2.42(2H,m), 2.74−2.84(2H,m), 3.02−3.03(12H,m), 3.89(2H,brs),4.62 (2H,s), 7.00−7.02(1H,m), 7.19−7.22(2H,m), 7.24−7.30(4H,m)
MS(ESI): calcd for C28435 449.67, found450(MH
【0026】
製造例5
N−(1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカニル−1,4−フェニレンビス(メチレン))−3−アミノ−ビフェニル[化合物番号5]の合成
【化10】
Figure 2004043324
【0027】
実施例1−3とほぼ同様の方法にて、1−(1−メチレン−4−(ブロモメチレン)フェニレン)−4,8,11−トリス(ジエトキシホスホリル)−1,4,8,11−テトラアザシクロテトラデカン100mg(0.126mmol)を原料とし、2−(ピペリジン−1−イル)アニリンに変わって3−アミノ−ビフェニル106.9mg(0.632mmol)を用いて反応を進めることにより、標記化合物塩酸塩30.9mg(42%)を白色固体として得た。
H−NMR(500MHz,DO) δ;1.76(2H,brs),1.89−1.97(2H,brs),2.08(4H,s),2.49−2.50(4H,m),2.85−2.94(8H,m),3.13−3.18(4H,m),3.75−3.76(2H,m),7.10−7.11(1H,m), 7.22(2H,d,J=8.1Hz) , 7.31−7.33(3H,m), 7.43−7.46(3H,m),7.49−7.59(3H,m),7.66(1H,d,J=7.8Hz)
MS(ESI): calcd for C30415 471.68, found472(MH
【0028】
次に、本発明化合物の活性試験の結果を表す。
【試験例1】
結合反応緩衝液(Ham’s F−12, 0.5% Bovine Serum Albumin, 001% NaN)で希釈した2nMのFMAT Blue 標識ヒトMIP−1α(アプライドバイオシステムズ・ジャパン,東京)とDMSOに溶解した1mMの被検物質を49:1に混合した。この混合液に結合反応緩衝液で細胞濃度8x10個/mlに調製したヒトCCR5遺伝子導入CHO(チャイニーズ・ハムスター・オバリー)細胞浮遊液を等量加え、よく攪拌した後、100μlを96well FMAT Plate(アプライドバイオシステムズ・ジャパン)の各wellに分注した。6時間FMAT 8100HTS System(アプライドバイオシステムズ・ジャパン)の装置内に静置後、蛍光強度を測定した。被検物質が標識リガンドMIP−1αとレセプターCCR5の結合を阻害する割合(10μMでの結合阻害%)を求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
【表1】
Figure 2004043324
【0029】
【試験例2】
前記化合物の急性毒性についての検討を行った。すなわち7週齢のICR系マウス(雄)を各群4から5匹に分け、1週間馴化飼育した後、蒸留水または生理食塩水に実施例の化合物を溶解して1日2回4日間尾静脈内投与(投与量15mg/kg)を行い、5日目の死亡数を調べた。結果を表2に示した。
表2に示されるように、いずれの化合物を投与しても死亡せず、急性毒性がないことが確認された。
【表2】
Figure 2004043324
【0030】
【試験例3】
化合物番号2の化合物を34.6%、日局乳糖34.6%、日局トウモロコシデンプン17.3%、日局ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース7.3%、日局低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース6.2%を篩過後、ビニール袋中でよく混合した。これに化合物と等量の日局精製水を加え、双軸練合機で20分練合し湿塊とした。これを押し出し造粒機(円筒孔径1mm)を用いて造粒し、造粒品を流動層乾燥機を用いて乾燥した(40℃、30分)。乾燥顆粒を篩過し、篩過品99%に対してステアリン酸マグネシウム1%の割合でよく混合し、打錠機を用いて打錠し、平均重量292mgの錠剤を得た。
【0031】
また、別に日局ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを8%、日局マクロゴール6000を1.6%、これらを日局精製水に溶解して100%としたアンダーコート液を先に打錠した錠剤重量に対して5%の割合でハイコーターを用いて噴霧した。噴霧後20分乾燥し、アンダーコート錠を調製した。
次いで、医薬品添加物規格ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースアセテートサクシネートを10%、日局クエン酸トリエチルを3%、日局酸化チタンを2%、日局ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース0.05%を日局精製水に溶解して100%とした腸溶コート液を調製した。この腸溶コート液を錠剤重量に対して10%の割合でハイコーターを用いて噴霧した。噴霧後、30分間乾燥し、腸溶剤を調製した。本腸溶剤は日局1液中で2時間主薬を溶出せず、日局2液中で30分以内に主薬の80%以上を溶出する性質を有していた。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明による新規な芳香族アミン化合物またはその薬理学的に許容される塩は新規なCCR5拮抗剤を提供することができる。本発明の新規なCCR5拮抗剤はCCR5拮抗作用を有し、CCR5拮抗作用に基づく、HIV等のウイルス感染症等の疾患の治療、あるいは予防薬として優れた効果を示す。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aromatic amine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a drug for a related disease comprising the aromatic amine compound or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, in particular, a drug based on an antagonistic effect on the chemokine receptor CCR5.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Therapeutic agents for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection include reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors, but the emergence of drug-resistant HIV mutants results in loss of therapeutic effect (Latest Medicine, Vol. 53, No. 9, p. 2031 (1998)). In addition, the multidrug combination therapy based on these combinations also has many conditions to be observed when taking it, is complicated, has a large number to be taken, and has various side effects (Nikkei Science, October, p. 29, 1998). )). In addition, in the case of protease inhibitors in particular, it is known that, despite the complicated oral administration method and the large number of side effects, the possibility of causing the emergence and selection of resistant strains increases unless the drug is maintained at almost 100%. (Molecular Medicine, Vol. 36, No. 9, p. 1012 (1999)).
In the past, vaccine development has been attempted because many viral diseases have been exterminated or significantly alleviated by vaccines, but HIV is considered to be extremely difficult due to frequent mutations (Nikkei Science, October, p. 42 (1998)).
As described above, several kinds of compounds having an anti-HIV activity have been reported. However, they have a novel anti-retroviral effect and can be resistant to the development of resistance. At present, there is a strong demand for the development of antiviral agents that can be used.
[0003]
Among the cytokines, those that show chemotaxis to leukocytes are called chemokines, which are secreted proteins and are classified into CXC-chemokines, CC-chemokines, C-chemokines, and CX3C-chemokines according to the N-terminal cysteine (Cys) sequence. The number is said to be about 30.
There are several subtypes of these chemokine receptors. Among them, CCR5 having CC-chemokines MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES and the like as ligands is capable of infecting macrophage-tropic HIV into host cells. It is known that it is sometimes used as a coreceptor (Science, 272, 872 (1996); Science, 270, 1811 (1995)). HIV enters via binding of the envelope protein gp120 to CCR5 on the host cell surface. That is, a drug having an antagonistic effect on CCR5 is expected as an anti-HIV drug based on a novel mechanism of inhibition of invasion, and as a small molecule drug, TAK-779 (Proceedings of the National Academy of the United States of America ( PNAS, 96, 5698 (1999)), SCH-C (Proceedings of the National Academy of the United States of America (PNAS, 98, 12718 (2001))), macrocyclic compounds (WO 00/02870), and the like. ing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a drug which has an excellent CCR5 antagonistic effect on MIP-1α, is expected to have an excellent antiretroviral effect, is highly safe, and has a novel chemical structure.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted studies to develop compounds having a novel chemical structure that are useful as excellent CCR5 antagonists against MIP-1α. As a result, they have shown strong CCR5 antagonistic activity and, therefore, as anti-HIV agents A series of aromatic amine compounds have been discovered that have been shown to have the potential of: Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a compound of the formula (1) defined below, which has CCR5 antagonistic activity and is expected to have antiviral activity mainly of HIV, and further comprises a compound of the formula (1) For the treatment of patients infected with the virus, and for the treatment of patients with related diseases based on CCR5 antagonism.
[0006]
That is, the present invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
Embedded image
Figure 2004043324
Here, A in the formula is an aromatic ring group selected from the following group.
Embedded image
Figure 2004043324
[0007]
Further, as these pharmacologically acceptable salts, for example, trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride, acetate, sulfate, nitrate, lactate, maleate, methanesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, Tartrate, citrate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, fumarate, propionate, butyrate and the like can be mentioned.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The compounds of the present invention can be produced by commonly used organic chemical reactions. The production method is illustrated below, but the synthesis of the compound of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embedded image
Figure 2004043324
[0009]
Step (a)
Compound (1) (the compound of (1) attached below the chemical formula in the above reaction scheme; the same applies hereinafter), that is, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane is converted to chloroform, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, pyridine And a step of selectively protecting three nitrogen atoms by dissolving in a suitable solvent such as, for example, diethyl chlorophosphate or tosyl chloride.
[0010]
Step (b)
A step of dissolving the compound represented by the compound (2) in an appropriate solvent such as acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, and reacting one vacant nitrogen atom with p-xylylene dihalide; In the formula, X represents a halogen atom, preferably a bromine atom.
[0011]
Step (c)
A step of dissolving the compound represented by the compound (3) in an appropriate solvent such as acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide and reacting with a corresponding aromatic amine compound to obtain a compound represented by the compound (4).
[0012]
Step (d)
A step of dissolving the compound represented by the compound (4) in a suitable solvent such as methanol, acetic acid, or dioxane, and performing deprotection using a suitable acid. When the protecting group is a diethoxyphosphoryl group, a hydrochloric acid / dioxane solution is used.
[0013]
The aromatic amine compound of the present invention is shown below.
N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-(2-piperidin-1-yl) aniline [Compound No. 1]
N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-8-aminoquinoline [Compound No. 2]
N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-1-aminonaphthalene [Compound No. 3]
N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-1-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene [Compound No. 4]
N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-3-amino-biphenyl [Compound No. 5]
[0014]
The present invention relates to a CCR5 antagonist comprising the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
The CCR5 antagonist or a salt thereof according to the present invention is used for treating or preventing a viral disease such as AIDS.
The pharmacologically acceptable salt is not particularly limited as long as it can form a salt with the aromatic amine compound represented by the above formula (1) and is pharmacologically acceptable. For example, trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride, acetate, sulfate, nitrate, lactate, maleate, methanesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, tartrate, citrate, oxalate, malonate, Succinate, fumarate, propionate, butyrate and the like can be mentioned. Further, these compounds may optionally form a hydrate or a solvate.
[0015]
Pharmaceutical preparations containing the compound of the present invention represented by the formula (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient usually include pharmacologically acceptable carriers, excipients and diluents known per se. , Extenders, disintegrants, stabilizers, preservatives, buffers, emulsifiers, fragrances, colorants, sweeteners, thickeners, corrigents, solubilizers, other additives, specifically water, vegetable oils, Mix with alcohols such as ethanol or benzyl alcohol, glycols, glycerol triacetate, gelatin, lactose, carbohydrates such as starch, magnesium stearate, potassium stearate, talc, lanolin, vaseline, macrogol, crystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc. Tablets, powders, granules, capsules, pills, suppositories, injections, eye drops, liquids, troches, air Lumpur, suspensions, emulsions, can be administered by the form such as syrup orally or parenterally. The dose may vary depending on the type and degree of the disease, the compound to be administered and the route of administration, the age, sex, and weight of the patient, but in the case of oral administration, usually 0.1 to 5000 mg, particularly 1 to 3000 mg per adult is administered. Is preferred.
[0016]
Next, the production method of the CCR5 antagonist of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Production Example 1: Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-(2-piperidin-1-yl) aniline [Compound No. 1] Embedded image
Figure 2004043324
[0017]
Example 1-1
Synthesis of 4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (compound (2)) 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (5.20 g, 26.0 mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (312 ml), and triethylamine (5.78 g = 7.96 ml, 57.1 mmol) was added under ice-cooling and stirring. A solution obtained by diluting diethyl chlorophosphate (9.41 g = 7.84 ml, 54.5 mmol) with chloroform (156 ml) was added dropwise to the above reaction system over 90 minutes. After further stirring at room temperature for 21 hours, a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was separated and extracted with chloroform. The obtained organic layer was washed with saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (350 g, chloroform: methanol = 15: 1) to give the title compound (4.79 g, yield 30.3%) as a colorless syrup.
1 H-NMR (500 Mz, CDCl 3 ) δ: 1.27-1.33 (m, 18H), 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.88 (m, 2H), 2.72 (m, 2H) ), 2.80 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.26 (m, 12H), 3.90-4.10 (m, 12H).
MS (FAB +): calcd for C 22 H 51 N 4 O 9 P 3 608.58, found609 (MH +)
[0018]
Example 1-2
Synthesis of 1- (1-methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (compound (3)) 4,8,11-Tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (1.22 g, 2.00 mmol) obtained in Example 1-1 was added to acetonitrile (30.5 ml). After dissolution, potassium carbonate (0.360 g, 2.60 mmol) and p-xylylenedibromide (2.65 g, 10.0 mmol) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C for 1 hour. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, a saturated saline solution was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was separated and extracted with chloroform. The obtained organic layer was washed with saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (flash 600 g, chloroform: methanol = 30: 1) to give the title compound (0.897 g, yield 56.4%) as a colorless syrup.
1 H-NMR (500 Mz, CDCl 3 ) δ: 1.23-1.36 (m, 18H), 1.66-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.91 (m, 2H) , 2.30-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.99-3.16 (m, 12H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 3 .95-4.07 (m, 12H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 7.24 (d, 2H, J = 8.0 Hz), 7.32 (d, 2H, J = 8.0 Hz)
MS (FAB +): calcd for C 30 H 58 BrN 4 O 9 P, 3791.63, found792 (MH +)
[0019]
Example 1-3
Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-(2-piperidin-1-yl) aniline [Compound No. 1] 2- (piperidine -1-yl) aniline (897 mg, 5.09 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (8.06 ml), potassium carbonate (211 mg, 1.53 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. 1- (1-Methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11 obtained in Example 1-2 was added into the reaction solution. -A solution of tetraazacyclotetradecane (806 mg, 1.02 mmol) in acetonitrile (16.1 ml) was slowly added dropwise, and the mixture was further stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour. After confirming the completion of the reaction by TLC, water was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was separated and extracted with chloroform. The obtained organic layer was washed with saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (100 g, chloroform: methanol = 30: 1) to give N-((4,8,11-tris- (diethoxyphosphoryl))-(1,4,8,11-tetraaza). Cyclotetradecanyl) -1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-(2-piperidin-1-yl) aniline (678 mg) was obtained as a pale yellow syrup. The obtained compound (42.9 mg) was dissolved again in acetic acid (0.858 ml), 4M hydrochloric acid / dioxane solution (1.29 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. Diethyl ether was added to the reaction solution, the precipitated solid was spun down, washed with acetic acid, washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo to give the hydrochloride of the title compound (25.2 mg, yield 56%) as a white solid.
1 H-NMR (500MHz, D 2 O) δ; 2.72-2.18 (10H, m), 2.79-3.40 (18H, m), 3.49 (2H, t, J = 5 2.4 Hz), 3.82-4.02 (2H, m), 4.53 (2H, s), 7.00-7.08 (2H, m), 7.34 (2H, d, J = 8) .1 Hz), 7.31 (1H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.48 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.53 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz)
MS (ESI + ): calcd for C 29 H 46 N 6 478.72, found 479 (MH + )
[0020]
Production Example 2
Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-8-aminoquinoline [Compound No. 2]
Figure 2004043324
[0021]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1-3, 1- (1-methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11- Using tetraazacyclotetradecane (100 mg, 0.126 mmol) as a raw material and proceeding with 8-aminoquinoline (91.1 mg, 0.632 mmol) in place of 2- (piperidin-1-yl) aniline, The title compound hydrochloride (60.1 mg, yield 71%) was obtained as an orange solid.
1 H-NMR (500MHz, D 2 O) δ; 2.00-2.18 (4H, m), 2.62-3.33 (16H, m), 3.75 (2H, s), 4. 72 (2H, s), 7.25 (1H, dd, J = 1.7, 6.8 Hz), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.54 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7. 58-7.63 (2H, m), 7.83-7.91 (1H, m), 8.80 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.94 (1H, dd, J = 1) .5,4.9Hz)
MS (ESI + ): calcd for C 27 H 38 N 6 446.63, found 447 (MH + )
[0022]
Production Example 3
Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-1-aminonaphthalene [Compound No. 3]
Figure 2004043324
[0023]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1-3, 1- (1-methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11- The reaction was carried out using tetraazacyclotetradecane (100 mg, 0.126 mmol) as a raw material and using 1-naphthylamine (90.4 mg, 0.632 mmol) instead of 2- (piperidin-1-yl) aniline to give the title. The compound hydrochloride (20.0 mg, yield 26%) was obtained as a white-green solid.
1 H-NMR (500MHz, D 2 O) δ; 1.49 (2H, brs), 2.01 (2H, brs), 2.64-2.74 (16H, m), 2.89 (2H, brs), 3.04-3.06 (2H, m), 3.16 (2H, brs), 4.82 (2H, s), 7.20-7.22 (2H, d, J = 7. 8 Hz), 7.36-7.40 (1H, m), 7.44-7.45 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.50-7.61 (4H, m), 7. 91-7.93 (1H, m), 8.01-8.04 (1H, m)
MS (ESI +): calcd for C 28 H 39 N 5 445.64, found446 (MH +)
[0024]
Production Example 4
Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-1-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene [Compound No. 4] Embedded image
Figure 2004043324
[0025]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1-3, 1- (1-methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11- Using tetraazacyclotetradecane (100 mg, 0.126 mmol) as a raw material, instead of 2- (piperidin-1-yl) aniline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine (87.7 μl, 0.632 mmol) The reaction was advanced using to give the title compound hydrochloride (30.9 mg, yield 40%) as a pale-white-brown solid.
1 H-NMR (500MHz, D 2 O) δ; 1.64-1.66 (4H, m), 1.92 (2H, brs), 2.07-2.01 (4H, m), 2. 41-2.42 (2H, m), 2.74-2.84 (2H, m), 3.02-3.03 (12H, m), 3.89 (2H, brs), 4.62 ( 2H, s), 7.00-7.02 (1H, m), 7.19-7.22 (2H, m), 7.24-7.30 (4H, m)
MS (ESI +): calcd for C 28 H 43 N 5 449.67, found450 (MH +)
[0026]
Production Example 5
Synthesis of N- (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanyl-1,4-phenylenebis (methylene))-3-amino-biphenyl [Compound No. 5]
Figure 2004043324
[0027]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1-3, 1- (1-methylene-4- (bromomethylene) phenylene) -4,8,11-tris (diethoxyphosphoryl) -1,4,8,11- Starting from 100 mg (0.126 mmol) of tetraazacyclotetradecane as a raw material and proceeding with 106.9 mg (0.632 mmol) of 3-amino-biphenyl in place of 2- (piperidin-1-yl) aniline to give the title 30.9 mg (42%) of the compound hydrochloride were obtained as a white solid.
1 H-NMR (500MHz, D 2 O) δ; 1.76 (2H, brs), 1.89-1.97 (2H, brs), 2.08 (4H, s), 2.49-2. 50 (4H, m), 2.85-2.94 (8H, m), 3.13-3.18 (4H, m), 3.75-3.76 (2H, m), 7.10- 7.11 (1H, m), 7.22 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.31-7.33 (3H, m), 7.43-7.46 (3H, m), 7.49-7.59 (3H, m), 7.66 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz)
MS (ESI + ): calcd for C 30 H 41 N 5 471.68, found 472 (MH + )
[0028]
Next, the results of the activity test of the compound of the present invention are shown.
[Test Example 1]
Dissolved in 2 nM FMAT Blue-labeled human MIP-1α (Applied Biosystems Japan, Tokyo) diluted in binding reaction buffer (Ham's F-12, 0.5% Bovine Serum Album, 001% NaN 3 ) and DMSO The 1 mM test substance thus obtained was mixed at 49: 1. An equal amount of a human CCR5 gene-introduced CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cell suspension prepared to a cell concentration of 8 × 10 6 cells / ml with a binding reaction buffer was added to this mixture, and the mixture was stirred well, and 100 μl of the mixture was added to a 96-well FMAT Plate ( (Applied Biosystems Japan). After leaving still in an apparatus of FMAT 8100HTS System (Applied Biosystems Japan) for 6 hours, the fluorescence intensity was measured. The rate at which the test substance inhibited the binding between the labeled ligand MIP-1α and the receptor CCR5 (% binding inhibition at 10 μM) was determined. Table 1 shows the results.
[Table 1]
Figure 2004043324
[0029]
[Test Example 2]
The acute toxicity of the compound was examined. That is, 7-week-old ICR mice (male) were divided into 4 to 5 mice in each group, bred for 1 week, and then dissolved in distilled water or physiological saline to dissolve the compound of Example 2 twice a day for 4 days. Intravenous administration (dose 15 mg / kg) was performed, and the number of deaths on day 5 was examined. The results are shown in Table 2.
As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that administration of any of the compounds did not result in death and no acute toxicity.
[Table 2]
Figure 2004043324
[0030]
[Test Example 3]
Compound No. 2 was 34.6%, Lactose 34.6% JP, Maize starch 17.3%, JP hydroxypropyl cellulose 7.3%, JP low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose 6.2% Was sieved and mixed well in a plastic bag. To this, the same amount of purified water as that of the compound was added, and the mixture was kneaded with a twin-screw kneader for 20 minutes to obtain a wet mass. This was granulated using an extruder (a cylindrical hole diameter of 1 mm), and the granulated product was dried using a fluid bed dryer (40 ° C., 30 minutes). The dried granules were sieved, mixed well at a ratio of 1% of magnesium stearate to 99% of the sieved product, and pressed using a tableting machine to obtain tablets having an average weight of 292 mg.
[0031]
Separately, 8% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose of JP, 1.6% of macrogol 6000 of JP, and these were dissolved in purified water of JP to make 100%, based on the weight of the tablet obtained by compressing the undercoat solution first. At a rate of 5% using a high coater. After spraying, it was dried for 20 minutes to prepare an undercoat tablet.
Next, 10% of a pharmaceutical excipient specification hydroxypropylcellulose acetate succinate, 3% of triethyl citrate, 2% of titanium oxide, and 0.05% of hydroxypropylcellulose were dissolved in purified water of JP. To prepare an enteric coating solution having a concentration of 100%. This enteric coating solution was sprayed using a high coater at a ratio of 10% to the tablet weight. After spraying, it was dried for 30 minutes to prepare an enteric solvent. The enteric solvent had the property of not eluting the main drug in 1st JP liquid for 2 hours, and elute 80% or more of the main drug within 30 minutes in 2nd JP liquid.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The novel aromatic amine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to the present invention can provide a novel CCR5 antagonist. The novel CCR5 antagonist of the present invention has a CCR5 antagonistic effect and exhibits an excellent effect based on the CCR5 antagonistic activity as a therapeutic or preventive agent for diseases such as viral infections such as HIV.

Claims (3)

下記式(1)で示される芳香族アミン化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
Figure 2004043324
但し、式中Aは、下記の群より選択される芳香環基である。
Figure 2004043324
An aromatic amine compound represented by the following formula (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
Figure 2004043324
Here, A in the formula is an aromatic ring group selected from the following group.
Figure 2004043324
請求項1に記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするCCR5拮抗剤。A CCR5 antagonist comprising the compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. 請求項1に記載の化合物又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とした抗ウイルス剤。An antiviral agent comprising the compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005051927A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2005-06-09 Kureha Corporation Method of culturing cd4-positive t cells via stimulation culture of hiv-1-infected pheripheral monocytes and hiv-1 growth inhibitor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005051927A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2005-06-09 Kureha Corporation Method of culturing cd4-positive t cells via stimulation culture of hiv-1-infected pheripheral monocytes and hiv-1 growth inhibitor

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