JP2004041105A - Feed for fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Feed for fish and shellfish Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004041105A
JP2004041105A JP2002204368A JP2002204368A JP2004041105A JP 2004041105 A JP2004041105 A JP 2004041105A JP 2002204368 A JP2002204368 A JP 2002204368A JP 2002204368 A JP2002204368 A JP 2002204368A JP 2004041105 A JP2004041105 A JP 2004041105A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
feed
fish
shellfish
krill
enzyme
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JP2002204368A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhiko Hata
秦 和彦
Takashi Hara
原 隆
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Nissui Corp
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Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide feed for fish and shellfish enabling growth uniformity, survival rate improvement and improvement of body type and body color. <P>SOLUTION: The feed for fish and shellfish contains protein, and 15-18 wt.% of the protein is derived from krill subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis comprises using enzyme existing within the krill. The enzyme is deactivated after the enzymatic hydrolysis and the particle diameter of the feed is brought to 0.1-3.00 mm. The fish and shellfish comprise cultured fish, and specifically, salmon, sea bream, yellowtail, codfish, shrimp, spring lobster or shellfish, and further specifically, red sea bream, salmon, Alaska cod, tiger puffer, eel or yellowtail. The feed for fish and shellfish comprises initial feed for fish and shellfish or feed for small size fish and shellfish including larvae and juveniles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、魚介類の仔稚魚ならびに小型魚介類を対象とする飼料に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
我が国における漁業生産量の約20%を養殖魚が占めているが、この養殖魚生産の根幹を成すのが種苗生産であり、成長性、耐病性、形態・色調の点において良質な種苗の安定した供給が望まれている。種苗生産は親魚を養成して採卵、受精、孵化させた後、サケマス類を除くほとんどの仔稚魚は主に孵化後卵黄嚢が消失してから生物餌料で育成する。その後、粒径が0.1〜3.0mm程度の微粒子の配合飼料を用いて育成を継続して、例えばマダイであれば5〜15cm程度で種苗として流通販売される。
【0003】
しかし、同一群で同様の飼料を投与して飼育しても成長性に差が生じてしまい、トビ、チビなどサイズの大小差が発生し、種苗生産業者は出荷前に選別を繰り返したり、あるいは投与飼料の微調整を行ってサイズを揃える必要がある。従って、この工程により発生する労務費や必要とする資機材などのコストのために種苗生産業者はその利益を圧迫されているのが現状である。
また、生残率も種苗生産には重要な因子で、初期飼料を投与する段階での減耗は極力避けなければならない。
一方、コイやキンギョなどの淡水産の鑑賞魚などでは、飼料に色素が必要な場合もあり、低コストで色素供給源となる飼料原料が必要とされている。さらに、ウニでは生殖腺が着色している必要があり、蓄養用の飼料に色素を添加するのが通常である。
【0004】
このような背景から、成長性を向上させたり、あるいは減耗を低減化するためにビタミン剤や免疫賦活剤などを併用して添加投与する技術が開示され(特開2002−80364、特開2000−342191)、製品飼料としても流通販売されているが、価格や効果の点で種苗生産業者の期待に十分応えられていないのが実情であり改善の余地があった。
【0005】
さらに、種苗は成魚と同じく体型や色調などの外観によっても売買価格が変化するため、極力天然に近い形態、色調を有することが必要であり、安全で低価格の飼料組成物が必要とされていた。また、天然色素の需要も高く、供給する必要があった。
【0006】
一方、南極オキアミは魚介類に対する摂餌誘引効果〔特開昭52−69797、養殖28巻、2号、109〜113(1991)〕、色調改善効果(特開昭52−50897)などの機能を有していることが知られており、オキアミをミールとして配合飼料に添加したり、あるいは生のまま投与して飼料効率を向上、あるいは品質を向上する工夫がなされている。しかし、これらの技術は全て育成用の飼料に関するものであり、初期飼料あるいは仔稚魚を含む小型魚介類用の飼料としての開発は進んでいないのが実情である。
【0007】
また、仔稚魚は消化管酵素が不充分であることが知られ、消化吸収性を高めるためには投与タンパク質をある程度分解する必要のあることが指摘されており、開発技術が開示されている〔特開平5−292898、特開平11−266793、Takeuchi et al.: Aquaculture research, 32, 244−248,(2000), Takeuchi : Aquaculture, 200, 203−222, (2001)〕。オキアミはプロテアーゼ活性が高いことがよく知られており(Y.Kawanura et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem. 45(1) 93−100,(1981))、内在酵素を失活させることなくオキアミ全体を粉末化して飼料原料とする技術につき開示されている(米国特許6056981号)。しかし、この方法は飼料原料の殺菌工程が含まれないことから保存性に問題があるうえ、現在養魚用飼料の主流であるエクストルーダ処理の過程で酵素が失活して、投与後仔稚魚体内ではオキアミの酵素活性による消化力の増強は期待できない。
オキアミはプロテアーゼ活性が高いことがよく知られているが、他に内在する諸酵素を同時に利用して分解処理した後、初期飼料原料として用いる技術開発はまだ行われてはいない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、魚介類用の飼料として前述した課題点を解決し、種苗ならびに小型魚介類の成長性均一化、生残率向上などによる生産工程の省力化、また体型、体色の点で良質な種苗を安定供給することである。すなわち、本発明は、従来の飼料に比して成長性均一化、生残率向上、体型・体色の改善できる配合飼料を製造することを目的とする。
南極オキアミ(Euphausia superba)を内在性酵素により分解した後に酵素を失活処理して、飼料原料として添加利用する飼料調製物および製造方法に関するものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究した結果、飼料タンパク質の約50%をオキアミ分解物タンパク質に変更することにより著しい改善効果のあることを見出だし、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解したオキアミ由来のタンパク質であることを特徴とする魚介類用飼料を要旨としている。
【0010】
酵素分解がオキアミ内在酵素によるものであり、その場合、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%がオキアミ内在酵素により分解したオキアミ由来のタンパク質であることを特徴とする魚介類用飼料である。
【0011】
酵素により分解した後、酵素を失活させており、その場合、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解し、好ましくはオキアミ内在酵素により分解し、その後、酵素を失活させたオキアミ由来のタンパク質であることを特徴とする魚介類用飼料である。
【0012】
粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmの粒子であり、その場合、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解した、好ましくはオキアミ内在酵素により分解した、必要に応じその後、酵素を失活させたオキアミ由来のタンパク質であり、粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmの粒子であることを特徴とする魚介類用飼料である。
【0013】
魚介類が養殖魚、具体的にはサケ類、タイ類、ブリ類、タラ類、エビ類、イセエビ類または貝類、より具体的にはマダイ、サケ、マダラ、トラフグ、ウナギまたはブリであり、その場合、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解した、好ましくはオキアミ内在酵素により分解した、必要に応じその後、酵素を失活させたオキアミ由来のタンパク質である、好ましくは粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmの粒子であることを特徴とする、養殖魚、具体的にはサケ類、タイ類、ブリ類、タラ類、エビ類、イセエビ類または貝類、より具体的にはマダイ、サケ、マダラ、トラフグ、ウナギまたはブリ用の飼料である。
【0014】
魚介類用飼料が、魚介類用初期飼料あるいは仔稚魚を含む小型魚介類用飼料であり、その場合、本発明は、含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解した、好ましくはオキアミ内在酵素により分解した、必要に応じその後、酵素を失活させたオキアミ由来のタンパク質である、好ましくは粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmの粒子であることを特徴とする、魚介類用初期飼料あるいは仔稚魚を含む小型魚介類用飼料、好ましくは養殖魚、具体的にはサケ類、タイ類、ブリ類、タラ類、エビ類、イセエビ類または貝類、より具体的にはマダイ、サケ、マダラ、トラフグ、ウナギまたはブリ用の初期飼料あるいは仔稚魚を含む小型養殖魚用飼料である。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
飼料のタンパク質は通常ほとんどが、魚粉(ブラウンミール、ホワイトミール)由来であり、酵母粉末や植物性タンパク質(大豆など)も使用されている。飼料全体に占めるタンパク質の割合は0.5%〜60%であり、本発明は、そのうち15〜80%を酵素分解したオキアミ由来のタンパク質にするものである。100%を酵素分解したオキアミ由来のタンパク質にすると飼料として整形できなくなるため最高80%程度が適切な使用量といえる。
【0016】
オキアミ由来のタンパク質のアミノ酸組成は比較的バランスが良く、植物性タンパク質等よりも飼料原料として良質なタンパク源と考えられる。
オキアミには内在酵素が豊富にあるので酵素分解はオキアミの内在酵素による分解で十分であるが、他の酵素を添加して分解をさせたものでもよい。内在酵素による分解は、オキアミをチョッパーやサイレントカッターなどで破砕し、これに対して0〜2量部の清水を加えて10〜60℃に加温維持すると分解が促進する。分解処理時間は分解温度により異なるが、10〜60分で完了する。
酵素の失活は加熱による方法が一般的であり、80〜100℃にて5〜15分維持する工程を経ることで失活させることができる。酸やアルカリによって失活させることも可能であるが、飼料の性質に影響を与えるので、その影響が問題にならない場合には使用できる。
【0017】
飼料調製物
南極オキアミ(Euphausia superba)を内在性酵素により分解した後に酵素を失活処理して、飼料原料として添加利用する飼料調製物である。
【0018】
本発明の好ましい態様の一つは、オキアミの内在酵素により分解処理して得られた組成物を配合してなることを特徴とする配合飼料であって、仔稚魚に対して消化吸収性が良好であるために成長性が良く、また成長性が均一であるためにサイズ選別が軽減され、また生残率も向上しており、かつ体色が天然に近い種苗を提供することができる初期飼料である。
【0019】
本発明における初期飼料は、オキアミを分解処理した後に酵素を加熱失活して乾燥し、オキアミタンパク質として飼料タンパク質の15〜80%を含有することを特徴とする。好ましくは飼料タンパク質の30〜60%を含有するものが好ましい。オキアミの分解処理には、外来酵素は併用してもよいが、内在酵素のみで十分に分解する。
【0020】
通常、マダイやトラフグの稚魚では最初にワムシを給餌する。このワムシの大きさが小さいもので0.1mm程度である。また成長した稚魚は最大のもので15cm程度になるが、そのサイズの魚が摂餌する餌の大きさは2.0〜3.0mm程度である。したがって、仔稚魚用に適する飼料サイズは粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmのものである。
【0021】
本発明の対象魚種はサケ類、タイ類、ブリ類、タラ類、エビ類、イセエビ類、貝類などの養殖対象となる魚介類なら何でもよい。マダイ、サケ、マダラ、トラフグ、ウナギ、ブリ、サワラ、カサゴ、メバル、カンパチ、ニジマス、クルマエビ、アワビ、ウニなどが例示される。また、金魚、コイなどの観賞用魚にも適している。
本発明の飼料は酵素分解された消化吸収のよいタンパク質だけでなく、そのタンパク質は魚にとって誘引作用を持つものであり、摂餌性が高くなる。また、オキアミには高度不飽和脂肪酸が多く含まれ、また赤色色素のアスタキサンチンが豊富なので、マダイ、金魚、コイなど赤色が重視される魚の飼料として、さらに優れている。
【0022】
本発明飼料は、成長した魚にとっても良好な飼料であるが、消化酵素が未熟な仔稚魚や小型魚介類の飼料として特に有用である。仔稚魚とは、養殖魚においては孵化してから生簀に移すまでの期間の魚をいう。
【0023】
【作用】
南極オキアミ(Euphausia superba)を内在性酵素により分解した後に酵素を失活処理して、飼料原料として添加利用することにより、海産魚介類の仔稚魚ならびに小型魚介類の成長性が優れ、かつ均一な成長を示し、また生残率が高く、体色が良好である魚介類用飼料となる。
【0024】
【実施例】
本願発明の詳細を実施例で説明する。本願発明はこれら実施例によって何ら限定されるものではない。
【0025】
実施例1
オキアミ分解処理
冷凍生オキアミ100kg(水分82%)を自然解凍した後チョッパーにて破砕し、ジャケット付きタンクにおいて60℃、1時間撹拌して分解処理を行った。得られた分解液を真空下濃縮し、更に凍結乾燥処理を行い、凍結乾燥物16.5kg(水分8%)を得た。
【0026】
実施例2
オキアミ分解物添加の初期飼料
実施例1で得られた乾燥オキアミ分解物を用いて、表1に示す組成の配合飼料を調製した。すなわち、従来飼料(比較例)のホワイトミール、ブラウンミール、オキアミミール、イカミール、白子ミール、乳酵母、酵母エキスを半減し、これと同量の乾燥オキアミ分解物を添加して試験区飼料とした。飼料は0.3〜1.0mmの微粒子飼料として作製した。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 2004041105
【0028】
実施例3
マダイを用いた飼育試験
平均全長20.8mmのマダイ稚魚を用いて30日間の飼育試験を行った。成長の推移を図1に、生残率を図2にそれぞれ示した。飼育の結果、20日目から成長差がつきはじめ、図1に示すように実施例(オキアミ自己消化物)の成長が比較例に比べ良い結果となった。また、実施例は標準偏差も小さく、成長性が均一であることが分かった。さらに、実施例の体表は天然魚に近い色調を示した。種苗を購入する養殖業者からの官能評価結果を表2に示した。
【0029】
【表2】
Figure 2004041105
【0030】
実施例4
平均体重約2.8gのクルマエビ稚エビを用いて2ヶ月間の飼育実験を行った。成長の結果を図3に、飼料効率を図4に示した。この結果からクルマエビ稚エビに対する分解物を添加した飼料の効果が確認された。なお、用いた飼料の配合組成を表3に示した。
【0031】
【表3】
Figure 2004041105
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明は従来の飼料タンパク質の50%をオキアミ分解物に代替することにより、種苗の成長が良好で成長性がほぼ均一な飼料を製造することができ、また、体型、色調が著しく改善された海産魚介類種苗を生産できることが明らかとなった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例3の成長性と均一性を示した説明図である。
【図2】実施例3の生残率を示した説明図である。
【図3】実施例4の成長性を示した説明図である。
【図4】実施例4の飼料効率を示した説明図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a feed for larvae and larvae of fish and shellfish and small fish and shellfishes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Farmed fish accounts for about 20% of the fishery production in Japan, but seedling production is the basis of this farmed fish production, and stable seedlings of good quality in terms of growth, disease resistance, morphology and color tone. Supply is desired. For seed production, after breeding parent fish, collecting eggs, fertilizing and hatching, most larvae and fry except salmonids are raised mainly after the yolk sac has disappeared after hatching and after biological hatching. Thereafter, the growth is continued using a compound feed of fine particles having a particle size of about 0.1 to 3.0 mm. For example, red sea bream is distributed and sold as seeds at a size of about 5 to 15 cm.
[0003]
However, even if the same group is administered and bred with the same feed, there will be a difference in growth performance, and the size of the birds and small birds will vary.The seed producers will repeat sorting before shipping, or It is necessary to fine-tune the feed to make the size uniform. Therefore, at present, the profits of seed and seedling producers are squeezed because of labor costs and necessary materials and equipment generated by this process.
Survival rate is also an important factor in the production of seeds and seedlings.
On the other hand, freshwater appreciation fish such as carp and goldfish sometimes require pigments in the feed, and thus require low-cost feed ingredients as a pigment supply source. In addition, sea urchins require gonads to be colored, and pigments are usually added to feed for farming.
[0004]
From such a background, a technique of adding and administering a vitamin or an immunostimulant in combination to improve growth or reduce depletion has been disclosed (JP-A-2002-80364, JP-A-2000-80340). 342191), but it is also distributed and sold as a product feed, but it has not been able to sufficiently meet the expectations of seed and seed producers in terms of price and effect, and there is room for improvement.
[0005]
Furthermore, since the price of a seedling varies depending on the appearance, such as body shape and color, like an adult fish, it is necessary to have a form and color that are as natural as possible, and a safe and low-cost feed composition is required. Was. In addition, the demand for natural pigments is high, and it is necessary to supply them.
[0006]
On the other hand, Antarctic krill has functions such as an attraction-inducing effect on fish and shellfish (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-69797, aquaculture 28, No. 2, 109-113 (1991)), and a color tone improving effect (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-50897). It has been known that krill is added as a meal to a compound feed or administered as it is to improve feed efficiency or quality. However, all of these technologies are related to feed for breeding, and the fact is that the development of feed as an initial feed or feed for small fish and shellfish including larvae has not progressed.
[0007]
In addition, larvae and larvae are known to have insufficient digestive tract enzymes, and it has been pointed out that it is necessary to decompose the administered protein to some extent in order to enhance digestibility and absorptivity, and development techniques have been disclosed [ JP-A-5-292998, JP-A-11-266793, Takeuchi et al. : Aquaculture research, 32, 244-248, (2000), Takeuchi: Aquaculture, 200, 203-222, (2001)]. It is well known that krill has high protease activity (Y. Kawanura et al .: Agric. Biol. Chem. 45 (1) 93-100, (1981)), and krill as a whole without inactivating endogenous enzymes. (US Pat. No. 6,056,981). However, since this method does not include a sterilization step for feed raw materials, it has a problem in storage stability, and the enzyme is inactivated during the extruder treatment, which is currently the mainstream of fish feed, and after administration, it is in the larvae Enhancement of digestion by krill enzyme activity cannot be expected.
It is well known that krill has a high protease activity, but no technical development has yet been carried out in which it is used as an initial feed material after being decomposed by simultaneously utilizing other endogenous enzymes.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems as a feed for fish and shellfish, to make the growth of seeds and seedlings and small fish and shellfish uniform, to improve the survival rate, to save labor in the production process, and to improve the body shape and body color. And stable supply of high quality seedlings. That is, an object of the present invention is to produce a compound feed capable of making the growth uniform, improving the survival rate, and improving the body shape and color as compared with the conventional feed.
The present invention relates to a feed preparation and a production method in which Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) is decomposed by an endogenous enzyme, and then the enzyme is inactivated and added as a feed material for utilization.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that changing about 50% of feed protein to krill hydrolyzate protein has a remarkable improvement effect, leading to completion of the present invention. Was.
That is, the gist of the present invention is a feed for fish and shellfish, wherein 15 to 80% of the contained protein is a protein derived from krill that has been enzymatically decomposed.
[0010]
Enzymatic degradation is due to krill endogenous enzymes. In this case, the present invention is a feed for fish and shellfish, wherein 15 to 80% of the contained protein is krill-derived protein degraded by krill endogenous enzymes. .
[0011]
After being degraded by the enzyme, the enzyme is inactivated, and in this case, the present invention provides that 15 to 80% of the contained protein is degraded by enzyme, preferably degraded by krill endogenous enzyme, and then deactivated by enzyme. It is a feed for fish and shellfish, which is a protein derived from krill.
[0012]
Particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 3.0 mm, in which case the present invention relates to a method in which 15 to 80% of the protein contained is degraded enzymatically, preferably degraded by krill endogenous enzymes. Is a krill-derived protein in which is deactivated, and has a particle diameter of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
[0013]
The seafood is a cultured fish, specifically salmon, Thai, yellowtail, cod, shrimp, lobster or shellfish, more specifically red sea bream, salmon, madara, tiger puffer, eel or yellowtail, In this case, the present invention relates to a krill-derived protein in which 15-80% of the contained protein has been enzymatically degraded, preferably degraded by krill endogenous enzymes, optionally followed by inactivation of the enzymes, preferably particle size Is a particle having a particle size of 0.1 to 3.0 mm, more specifically, a cultured fish, specifically salmons, Thais, yellowtails, cod, shrimp, lobster or shellfish, more specifically Feed for red sea bream, salmon, cod, tiger puffer fish, eel or yellowtail.
[0014]
The feed for fish and shellfish is an initial feed for fish and shellfish or a feed for small fish and shellfish including larvae and fishes, and in this case, the present invention relates to a method in which 15 to 80% of the protein contained is enzymatically decomposed, preferably by krill endogenous enzymes. An initial feed or pup for fish and shellfish, which is a krill-derived protein that has been decomposed and, if necessary, after which the enzyme has been inactivated, preferably having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 3.0 mm. Feed for small fish and shellfish including fry, preferably cultured fish, specifically salmons, Thais, yellowtails, cod, shrimp, lobsters or shellfish, more specifically red sea bream, salmon, codfish, tiger pufferfish , Or an initial feed for eel or yellowtail or a feed for small cultured fish including larvae and juveniles.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Most feed proteins are usually derived from fish meal (brown meal, white meal), and yeast powder and vegetable proteins (such as soy) are also used. The proportion of protein in the whole feed is 0.5% to 60%, and the present invention is to convert 15 to 80% of the protein into krill-derived protein which has been enzymatically decomposed. If 100% is converted to krill-derived protein that has been enzymatically degraded, it will not be possible to shape it as feed, so up to about 80% can be said to be an appropriate usage amount.
[0016]
The amino acid composition of krill-derived proteins is relatively well-balanced, and is considered to be a better protein source as a feed material than vegetable protein or the like.
Since krill has abundant endogenous enzymes, it is sufficient to perform the decomposition by krill endogenous enzymes, but it may be the one obtained by adding other enzymes to decompose. Decomposition by an endogenous enzyme is accelerated by crushing krill with a chopper or a silent cutter, adding 0 to 2 parts of fresh water to the mixture, and maintaining the temperature at 10 to 60 ° C. The decomposition time varies depending on the decomposition temperature, but is completed in 10 to 60 minutes.
The enzyme is generally inactivated by heating, and can be inactivated by a step of maintaining the enzyme at 80 to 100 ° C. for 5 to 15 minutes. It can be deactivated by acid or alkali, but it can be used if the effect is not a problem because it affects the properties of the feed.
[0017]
Feed preparation This is a feed preparation which is obtained by decomposing Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) with an endogenous enzyme, deactivating the enzyme, and adding and utilizing it as a feed material.
[0018]
One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is a combination feed characterized by comprising a composition obtained by a decomposition treatment with an endogenous enzyme of krill, which has good digestibility and absorbability for larvae and larvae Is an initial feed that provides good growth and uniform growth, reduces size selection, improves survival rate, and can provide seeds with a body color close to nature. It is.
[0019]
The initial feed according to the present invention is characterized in that the enzyme is heat-inactivated and dried after decomposing krill, and contains 15 to 80% of the feed protein as krill protein. Those containing 30-60% of the feed protein are preferred. An exogenous enzyme may be used in combination for the krill decomposition treatment, but it is sufficiently degraded only by the endogenous enzyme.
[0020]
Normally, rotifers are first fed for red sea bream and red puffer fish. This rotifer has a small size of about 0.1 mm. The maximum size of the grown fry is about 15 cm, but the size of the fish fed by the fish of that size is about 2.0 to 3.0 mm. Therefore, a feed size suitable for larvae and larvae is one having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
[0021]
The target fish species of the present invention may be any fish and shellfish to be cultured, such as salmons, Thais, yellowtails, cod, shrimp, lobsters, and shellfish. Red sea bream, salmon, cod, tiger pufferfish, eel, yellowtail, sourdara, scorpionfish, rockfish, amberjack, rainbow trout, prawn, abalone, sea urchin and the like are exemplified. It is also suitable for ornamental fish such as goldfish and carp.
The feed of the present invention is not only an enzyme-decomposed protein having good digestion and absorption, but the protein has an attracting effect for fish, and thus has high feedability. In addition, krill contains a large amount of highly unsaturated fatty acids and is rich in red pigment astaxanthin, so that it is more excellent as a feed for red fish such as red sea bream, goldfish and carp.
[0022]
Although the feed of the present invention is a good feed for grown fish, it is particularly useful as a feed for larvae and small fish and shellfish whose digestive enzymes are immature. Larvae and fry refers to fish in the period from hatching to transfer to fish cages in cultured fish.
[0023]
[Action]
By decomposing Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) with endogenous enzymes, deactivating the enzymes, and adding and using them as feed materials, the growth of marine and larval larvae and small fishes is excellent and uniform. It is a feed for fish and shellfish that shows growth, has a high survival rate, and has a good body color.
[0024]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described in detail. The present invention is not limited by these examples.
[0025]
Example 1
Krill Decomposition Treatment 100 kg of frozen raw krill (water 82%) was naturally thawed, crushed with a chopper, and stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour in a jacketed tank to perform a decomposition treatment. The obtained decomposed liquid was concentrated under vacuum, and further subjected to a freeze-drying treatment to obtain 16.5 kg of a freeze-dried product (water content: 8%).
[0026]
Example 2
Initial feed with krill hydrolyzate added Using the dried krill hydrolyzate obtained in Example 1, a compound feed having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared. That is, white meal, brown meal, krill meal, squid meal, milt meal, milk yeast, and yeast extract of the conventional feed (comparative example) were halved, and the same amount of dried krill hydrolyzate was added to obtain a test feed. . The feed was prepared as a 0.3-1.0 mm particulate feed.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004041105
[0028]
Example 3
Rearing test using red sea bream A rearing test was carried out for 30 days using juvenile red sea bream with an average total length of 20.8 mm. The transition of growth is shown in FIG. 1, and the survival rate is shown in FIG. As a result of breeding, a growth difference began to be formed on the 20th day, and as shown in FIG. 1, the growth of the example (krill autolysate) was better than that of the comparative example. In addition, it was found that the examples had small standard deviations and uniform growth. Furthermore, the body surface of the example showed a color tone close to a natural fish. Table 2 shows the results of the sensory evaluation from a farmer who purchased seeds and seedlings.
[0029]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004041105
[0030]
Example 4
A two-month breeding experiment was performed using juvenile shrimp with an average body weight of about 2.8 g. The results of the growth are shown in FIG. 3, and the feed efficiency is shown in FIG. From these results, it was confirmed that the effect of the feed containing the decomposed product on the shrimp prawns was reduced. Table 3 shows the composition of the feed used.
[0031]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004041105
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, by replacing 50% of the conventional feed protein with a krill hydrolyzate, it is possible to produce a feed in which seeds and seedlings have good growth and almost uniform growth, and the body shape and color tone are remarkably improved. It became clear that marine fish and shellfish could be produced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the growth and uniformity of Example 3.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a survival rate in Example 3.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the growth of Example 4.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing feed efficiency in Example 4.

Claims (8)

含有するタンパク質の15〜80%が酵素分解したオキアミ由来のタンパク質であることを特徴とする魚介類用飼料。A feed for fish and shellfish, wherein 15 to 80% of the protein contained is a protein derived from krill that has been enzymatically decomposed. 酵素分解がオキアミ内在酵素によるものである請求項1の魚介類用飼料。2. The feed for fish and shellfish according to claim 1, wherein the enzymatic decomposition is caused by an enzyme contained in krill. 酵素により分解した後、酵素を失活させている請求項1または2の魚介類用飼料。The feed for fish and shellfish according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the enzyme is inactivated after being decomposed by the enzyme. 粒子径が0.1〜3.0mmの粒子である請求項1、2または3の魚介類用飼料。The feed for fish and shellfish according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the particle diameter is 0.1 to 3.0 mm. 魚介類が養殖魚である請求項1ないし4いずれかの魚介類用飼料。The feed for seafood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seafood is a cultured fish. 魚介類がサケ類、タイ類、ブリ類、タラ類、エビ類、イセエビ類または貝類である請求項5の魚介類用飼料。6. The feed for fish and shellfish according to claim 5, wherein the fish and shellfish are salmon, Thailand, yellowtail, cod, shrimp, lobster or shellfish. 魚介類がマダイ、サケ、マダラ、トラフグ、ウナギまたはブリである請求項5の魚介類用飼料。The feed for seafood according to claim 5, wherein the seafood is red sea bream, salmon, cod, tiger puffer fish, eel, or yellowtail. 魚介類用飼料が、魚介類用初期飼料あるいは仔稚魚を含む小型魚介類用飼料である請求項1ないし7のいずれかの魚介類用飼料。The feed for seafood according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the feed for seafood is an initial feed for seafood or a feed for small fish and shellfish including larvae.
JP2002204368A 2002-07-12 2002-07-12 Feed for fish and shellfish Pending JP2004041105A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011239696A (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd Larval eel feed
CN103283930A (en) * 2013-05-24 2013-09-11 江南大学 Method for comprehensively utilizing euphausia superba shells
CN105380002A (en) * 2015-11-16 2016-03-09 万仕军 Feed for juvenile fish and preparation method thereof
JP2017055674A (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-03-23 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構 Feed for larvae mixed with raw shirasu and its production method

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JPH07194314A (en) * 1993-12-29 1995-08-01 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd Calcium absorbefacient water-soluble fraction and composition and calcium absorbefacient additive containing the same
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JP2002051709A (en) * 2000-05-29 2002-02-19 Usi Prfitmax Kk Feed for colored carp and method for producing the same and water clarifier for colored carp nursery
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JPH0675473B2 (en) * 1986-06-11 1994-09-28 日本農産工業株式会社 Method for producing puffed feed for fish farming
JPS63291544A (en) * 1987-05-22 1988-11-29 Hayashikane Sangyo Kk Feed containing blended protease for raising fish
JPH01186860A (en) * 1988-01-14 1989-07-26 Kaiji Watanabe Production of astaxanthin-containing powder
JPH0463552A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-02-28 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Composition for improving body color or meat color of cultured animal and method for culturing animal
JPH0530923A (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-02-09 Riken Vitamin Co Ltd Initial blend feed for culturing fishes
JPH07194314A (en) * 1993-12-29 1995-08-01 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd Calcium absorbefacient water-soluble fraction and composition and calcium absorbefacient additive containing the same
JPH0851937A (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-27 Fuji Oil Co Ltd Feed for cultured shrimp and method for culturing shrimp
JPH08196216A (en) * 1995-01-27 1996-08-06 Marukiyuu Kk Artificial feed for fish and its production
JPH10127234A (en) * 1996-10-30 1998-05-19 Tsukasa Abe Preservation treatment of crustacean as fishing bait
JPH11266793A (en) * 1998-03-19 1999-10-05 Morinaga Milk Ind Co Ltd Fine particle feed for fish larva and juvenile
JP2001231461A (en) * 2000-02-28 2001-08-28 San Baiorekkusu:Kk Feed additive for fishes and shellfish and feed for fishes and shellfishes containing the same
JP2002051709A (en) * 2000-05-29 2002-02-19 Usi Prfitmax Kk Feed for colored carp and method for producing the same and water clarifier for colored carp nursery
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JP2002186428A (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-07-02 Ise Shokuhin Kk Feed for poultry

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011239696A (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd Larval eel feed
CN103283930A (en) * 2013-05-24 2013-09-11 江南大学 Method for comprehensively utilizing euphausia superba shells
JP2017055674A (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-03-23 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構 Feed for larvae mixed with raw shirasu and its production method
CN105380002A (en) * 2015-11-16 2016-03-09 万仕军 Feed for juvenile fish and preparation method thereof

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