JP2004037420A - Radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography and digital radiographing device - Google Patents

Radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography and digital radiographing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004037420A
JP2004037420A JP2002198730A JP2002198730A JP2004037420A JP 2004037420 A JP2004037420 A JP 2004037420A JP 2002198730 A JP2002198730 A JP 2002198730A JP 2002198730 A JP2002198730 A JP 2002198730A JP 2004037420 A JP2004037420 A JP 2004037420A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
moisture
digital
protective layer
proof protective
phosphor
Prior art date
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JP2002198730A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Ogawa
小川 善広
Masato Inoue
井上 正人
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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  • Conversion Of X-Rays Into Visible Images (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography and a digital radiographing device having excellent moisture-proof performance and capable of preventing a resolution of a radiogram from declining. <P>SOLUTION: In this radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography comprising at least a radiotransparent substrate, an alkali halide phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a moisture-proof protective layer formed on the phosphor layer, the moisture-proof protective layer is formed from a plasma polymerization film of a fluorine-including compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer. Preferably, the radiotransparent substrate is an amorphous carbon substrate, and the alkali halide phosphor is constituted from CsIT1, and the moisture-proof protective layer is a plasma polymerization film of C<SB>2</SB>F<SB>3</SB>H or C<SB>2</SB>F<SB>2</SB>H<SB>2</SB>. The thickness of the moisture-proof protective layer is 0.2μm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、デジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートおよびデジタルX線撮影装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
X線による人体の透過検査を行なうX線診断において、従来から使用されてきた、増感紙とフィルムの組合せを使用する増感紙−フィルム系によるX線写真撮影法にかわって、新しい放射線撮影法である蛍光体と光電変換素子とを用いたデジタルラジオグラフィによるデジタルX線撮影装置が開発商品化されてきた。デジタルラジオグラフィに用いる放射線エネルギーを光に変換する材料として、ハロゲン化アルカリを用いた蛍光体が知られている。光電変換素子の表面に蛍光体を形成する方法は、2種に大別され、知られている。
【0003】
構成A:光電変換素子の表面に直接または保護層を介して蛍光体を溶媒塗布、または真空蒸着法によって直接形成する方法。
【0004】
構成B:光電変換素子の表面に直接または保護層を介し、接着剤を用いて蛍光体パネルを貼りあわせる方法。
【0005】
さらにハロゲン化アルカリを用いた蛍光体は、保存耐久、長期使用において、空気中の水分によってハロゲン化アルカリが潮解し、X線画像の解像度が低下することが問題となっている。
【0006】
上記構成Aにおいて、蛍光体材料の潮解を防止するために、光電変換素子の表面に形成された蛍光体の材料、または光電変換素子パネルと蛍光体材料の全面を防湿保護層で覆うことが開示されている(特願平10−535566号、特開平05−196742号公報)。
【0007】
防湿保護層の材料として、ポリパラキシリレン、金属材料、シリコーンポッテイング材が開示されている。一方、特開平05−196742号公報では、防湿バリヤー層と蛍光体(シンチレーター)の間に、薄膜層を設けている。薄膜層は、防湿バリヤー層と蛍光体(シンチレーター)との密着性を向上させるために存在する。薄膜層の材料として、ポリパラキシリレン、オルガノポリシロキサンーポリカーボネートなどの有機材料が開示されている。
【0008】
上記構成Bにおいて、蛍光体材料の潮解を防止するために蛍光体パネルの全面を防湿保護層で覆った発明が開示されている(特開2000−356679号公報)。
【0009】
防湿保護層の材料として、パラキシリレンなどの透明膜が開示されている。
【0010】
パラキシリレン膜の水蒸気透過率は
5×10−11 g・cm/cm・cmHg・sec
以上である。
【0011】
構成A:光電変換素子の表面に直接または保護層を介して蛍光体を溶媒塗布、真空蒸着法によって直接形成し、次に蛍光体表面に防湿保護層/光反射層を形成したデジタルX線撮影装置において、下記(1)の問題が発生した。
【0012】
構成B:X線を透過する基板表面に蛍光体層を形成してなる蛍光体パネルの 少なくとも蛍光体の表面にパラキシリレンからなる防湿保護層を形成した蛍光体パネルを光電変換素子の表面に貼り合わせたデジタルX線撮影装置おいても下記(1)の問題が発生した。
【0013】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
(1)CsITlなどのハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体に対して、ポリパラキシリレン膜では十分な水分バリヤー性を持たすことができない。長期保存ではCsITlの潮解が認められる。
【0014】
(1)の問題を解決するために、従来知られている防湿保護層の防湿効果を大きくするために、該パラキシリレン膜の膜厚を厚くすることが考えられる。しかしながら防湿保護層の膜厚を厚くすると比例的にX線撮影画像の解像度(CTF)が低下する問題が新たに発生した。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
従って、少なくとも、X線透過性基板、前記基板上に形成されたハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層、および前記蛍光体層上に形成された防湿保護層からなるデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートにおいて、該防湿保護層が含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜から形成されている。
【0016】
また、少なくとも、センサ基板、前記センサ基板上に形成された光電変換素子、前記光電変換素子上に形成されたハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層、および前記蛍光体層上に形成された防湿保護層からなるデジタルX線撮影装置において、該防湿保護層が含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜から形成されている。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明のデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シート(蛍光体パネル)の概要を示す図である。
【0018】
X線透過性基板1上にハロゲン化アルカリと発光付活剤からなる蛍光体層2が形成されている。蛍光体層2表面に、含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜(防湿保護層3)が形成されている。含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜の水蒸気透過率が4×10−11(g・cm/cm・cmHg・sec)以下であることが好ましい。さらに好ましくは、水蒸気透過率が2×10−11(g・cm/cm・cmHg・sec)以下であることが好ましい。
水蒸気透過率を小さくすることで、保護層の膜厚を薄くすることが可能となり本発明の蛍光体層を用いたデジタルX線撮影装置の解像度は従来の防湿保護膜を用いて製品より向上させることが可能となる。
【0019】
含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーとしては、CH、C、CCl、CCl、CFCFCFCF、CFCFCFCF、CFCCCFなどの化合物が使用できる。特にCH、Cなどの水素とフッ素を有する含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーが水蒸気透過率をさらに低くできた。
【0020】
プラズマ重合膜は、有機モノマーが低温プラズマ中で励起し、ハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層2の表面で重合し、高分子化した被膜である。
【0021】
【実施例】
実施例1
図1に実施例1の概要を示す。
【0022】
厚さ1mmのX線透過性基板(アモルファスカーボン基板)1の表面にCsITlからなるハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層2(厚さ450μm)を蒸着によって形成したのち、250℃、2時間の条件で熱処理し、該蛍光体層2の中の発光付活剤Tlを活性化した。
【0023】
次に、蛍光体層2が形成された該基板1を、平行平板電極からなるプラズマ重合装置の一方の電極にセットし、真空状態に保った。
【0024】
重合装置内の系内圧力:0.1torr
モノマーガス:C
モノマーガス流量         50SCCM
高周波電源パワー         50W
放電時間             10分間
でプラズマ重合することによって、水分透過率2×10−12(g・cm/cm・cmHg・sec)の防湿保護層を積層しデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シート(蛍光体パネル7)が完成した。防湿保護層の厚さは2000オングストローム=0.2μmであった。
【0025】
この変換シートを温度40℃、湿度90%の雰囲気に100時間放置してもCsITlの潮解は認められなかった。
【0026】
この変換シートは、接着剤層4を介して、センサ基板5上の光電変換素子6に接合された。
【0027】
実施例2
図2に実施例2の概要を示す。
【0028】
センサ基板(ガラス基板)5に光電変換素子6を形成した。光電変換素子6の表面にCsITlからなる柱状蛍光体層2(柱状直径:6〜10μm、厚さ:500μm)を蒸着し、次に実施例1のプラズマ重合膜を厚さ2000オングストローム形成し、防湿保護層(ポリイミド保護層:厚さ5μm)とした。次にその上にアルミニウムからなる反射層(不図示)を形成し、デジタルX線撮影装置を作製した。
【0029】
実施例3
実施例1のモノマーガスをCFCFCFCFに変更しても同様の防湿保護層を得ることができた。
【0030】
実施例から以下の事項が判明した。
【0031】
本発明のデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートを温度40℃、湿度90%の雰囲気に100時間放置してもCsITlの潮解は認められなかった。
【0032】
本発明のデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートにおいて、防湿保護層の厚さが0.2μmと薄いために、防湿保護層が原因となる解像度CTFの劣化は観察されなかった。
【0033】
従来のパラキシリレンの防湿保護層は本発明の保護層と同レベルの防湿機能を持つためには膜厚が2〜4μm必要であり、解像度CTFの劣化が認められた。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、防湿性能に優れ、X線撮影画像の解像度が低下しないデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートおよびデジタルX線撮影装置が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】デジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シート(蛍光体パネル)の概要を示す図である。
【図2】デジタルX線撮影装置の概要を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1  X線透過性基板
2  ハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層
3  防湿保護層
4  接着剤層
5  センサ基板
6  光電変換素子
7  蛍光体パネル
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography and a digital radiography apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
X-ray diagnostics, which perform X-ray transmission examinations of the human body, replace the conventionally used intensifying screen-film based X-ray photography method using a combination of intensifying screens and films with a new radiography method. A digital X-ray imaging apparatus based on digital radiography using a phosphor and a photoelectric conversion element has been developed and commercialized. As a material for converting radiation energy into light used for digital radiography, a phosphor using an alkali halide is known. Methods of forming a phosphor on the surface of a photoelectric conversion element are roughly classified into two types and are known.
[0003]
Configuration A: A method in which a phosphor is directly formed on the surface of a photoelectric conversion element or through a protective layer by solvent application or vacuum deposition.
[0004]
Configuration B: A method of attaching a phosphor panel to the surface of a photoelectric conversion element directly or via a protective layer using an adhesive.
[0005]
Further, the phosphor using an alkali halide has a problem that, in storage durability and long-term use, the alkali halide deliquesces due to moisture in the air and the resolution of an X-ray image is reduced.
[0006]
In the above-described configuration A, it is disclosed that in order to prevent deliquescence of the phosphor material, the entire surface of the phosphor material formed on the surface of the photoelectric conversion element, or the photoelectric conversion element panel and the phosphor material is covered with a moisture-proof protective layer. (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-535566 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-196742).
[0007]
Polyparaxylylene, metal materials, and silicone potting materials are disclosed as materials for the moisture-proof protective layer. On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-196742, a thin film layer is provided between a moisture-proof barrier layer and a phosphor (scintillator). The thin film layer exists to improve the adhesion between the moisture-proof barrier layer and the phosphor (scintillator). Organic materials such as polyparaxylylene and organopolysiloxane-polycarbonate are disclosed as materials for the thin film layer.
[0008]
In the above-described configuration B, there is disclosed an invention in which the entire surface of a phosphor panel is covered with a moisture-proof protective layer in order to prevent deliquescence of the phosphor material (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-356679).
[0009]
A transparent film such as paraxylylene is disclosed as a material for the moisture-proof protective layer.
[0010]
The water vapor transmission rate of the para-xylylene membrane is 5 × 10 −11 g · cm / cm 2 · cmHg · sec.
That is all.
[0011]
Configuration A: Digital X-ray photography in which a phosphor is directly applied to the surface of a photoelectric conversion element or through a protective layer by solvent coating and directly formed by a vacuum deposition method, and then a moisture-proof protective layer / light reflective layer is formed on the phosphor surface In the apparatus, the following problem (1) occurred.
[0012]
Configuration B: A phosphor panel having a phosphor layer formed on the surface of a substrate that transmits X-rays, and a phosphor panel having a moisture-proof protective layer made of paraxylylene formed on at least the phosphor surface is bonded to the surface of the photoelectric conversion element. The following problem (1) also occurred in the digital X-ray imaging apparatus.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
(1) With respect to an alkali halide phosphor such as CsITl, a polyparaxylylene film cannot have a sufficient moisture barrier property. After long-term storage, deliquescent of CsITl is observed.
[0014]
In order to solve the problem (1), it is conceivable to increase the thickness of the para-xylylene film in order to increase the moisture-proof effect of the conventionally known moisture-proof protective layer. However, when the film thickness of the moisture-proof protective layer is increased, a new problem that the resolution (CTF) of the X-ray photographed image is proportionally reduced has newly occurred.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, at least, in the radiation conversion sheet for digital X-ray photography comprising an X-ray transparent substrate, an alkali halide phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a moisture-proof protective layer formed on the phosphor layer, The moisture-proof protective layer is formed from a plasma polymerized film of a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer.
[0016]
Further, at least a sensor substrate, a photoelectric conversion element formed on the sensor substrate, an alkali halide phosphor layer formed on the photoelectric conversion element, and a moisture-proof protective layer formed on the phosphor layer In the digital X-ray apparatus, the moisture-proof protective layer is formed from a plasma polymerized film of a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a radiation conversion sheet (phosphor panel) for digital X-ray imaging of the present invention.
[0018]
A phosphor layer 2 made of an alkali halide and a light-emitting activator is formed on an X-ray transparent substrate 1. On the surface of the phosphor layer 2, a plasma polymerized film (a moisture-proof protective layer 3) of a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer is formed. The water vapor transmission rate of the plasma polymerized film of the fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer is preferably 4 × 10 −11 (g · cm / cm 2 · cmHg · sec) or less. More preferably, the water vapor transmission rate is preferably 2 × 10 −11 (g · cm / cm 2 · cmHg · sec) or less.
By reducing the water vapor transmission rate, the thickness of the protective layer can be reduced, and the resolution of the digital X-ray imaging apparatus using the phosphor layer of the present invention can be improved over products using the conventional moisture-proof protective film. It becomes possible.
[0019]
Examples of the fluorinated compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer include C 2 F 3 H, C 2 F 2 H 2 , C 2 F 3 Cl, C 2 F 2 Cl 2 , CF 3 CFCFCF 3 , CF 2 CFCFCF 2 , CF 3 CCCF Compounds such as 3 can be used. In particular, a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer having hydrogen and fluorine such as C 2 F 3 H and C 2 F 2 H 2 could further lower the water vapor transmission rate.
[0020]
The plasma polymerized film is a film in which an organic monomer is excited in low-temperature plasma and polymerized on the surface of the alkali halide phosphor layer 2 to be polymerized.
[0021]
【Example】
Example 1
FIG. 1 shows an outline of the first embodiment.
[0022]
An alkali halide phosphor layer 2 (450 μm in thickness) made of CsITl is formed on the surface of an X-ray transparent substrate (amorphous carbon substrate) 1 having a thickness of 1 mm by vapor deposition, and then heat-treated at 250 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, the light-emitting activator Tl in the phosphor layer 2 was activated.
[0023]
Next, the substrate 1 on which the phosphor layer 2 was formed was set on one electrode of a plasma polymerization apparatus comprising parallel plate electrodes, and kept in a vacuum state.
[0024]
In-system pressure in polymerization apparatus: 0.1 torr
Monomer gas: C 2 F 3 H
Monomer gas flow rate 50 SCCM
High frequency power supply 50W
By performing plasma polymerization for 10 minutes in a discharge time, a moisture-proof protective layer having a moisture permeability of 2 × 10 −12 (g · cm / cm 2 · cmHg · sec) is laminated, and a radiation conversion sheet for digital X-ray imaging (phosphor panel) 7) is completed. The thickness of the moisture-proof protective layer was 2000 Å = 0.2 μm.
[0025]
Even when this conversion sheet was left in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 90% for 100 hours, deliquescent of CsITl was not observed.
[0026]
This conversion sheet was bonded to the photoelectric conversion element 6 on the sensor substrate 5 via the adhesive layer 4.
[0027]
Example 2
FIG. 2 shows an outline of the second embodiment.
[0028]
A photoelectric conversion element 6 was formed on a sensor substrate (glass substrate) 5. A columnar phosphor layer 2 (columnar diameter: 6 to 10 μm, thickness: 500 μm) made of CsITl is vapor-deposited on the surface of the photoelectric conversion element 6, and then the plasma-polymerized film of Example 1 is formed to a thickness of 2000 Å to prevent moisture. A protective layer (polyimide protective layer: thickness 5 μm) was used. Next, a reflective layer (not shown) made of aluminum was formed thereon, and a digital X-ray imaging apparatus was manufactured.
[0029]
Example 3
Even when the monomer gas in Example 1 was changed to CF 2 CFCFCF 2 , a similar moisture-proof protective layer could be obtained.
[0030]
The following items were found from the examples.
[0031]
Even when the radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography of the present invention was left in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 90% for 100 hours, deliquescent of CsITl was not observed.
[0032]
In the radiation conversion sheet for digital X-ray photography of the present invention, since the thickness of the moisture-proof protective layer was as thin as 0.2 μm, deterioration of the resolution CTF caused by the moisture-proof protective layer was not observed.
[0033]
The conventional paraxylylene moisture-proof protective layer needs to have a film thickness of 2 to 4 μm in order to have the same level of moisture-proof function as the protective layer of the present invention, and degradation of the resolution CTF was observed.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography which is excellent in moisture-proof performance and does not reduce the resolution of a radiographic image and a digital radiography apparatus are provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a radiation conversion sheet (phosphor panel) for digital X-ray imaging.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a digital X-ray imaging apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 X-ray transparent substrate 2 alkali halide phosphor layer 3 moisture-proof protective layer 4 adhesive layer 5 sensor substrate 6 photoelectric conversion element 7 phosphor panel

Claims (4)

少なくとも、X線透過性基板、前記基板上に形成されたハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層、および前記蛍光体層上に形成された防湿保護層からなるデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シートにおいて、該防湿保護層が含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜から形成されていることを特徴とするデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シート。A radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography comprising at least an X-ray permeable substrate, an alkali halide phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a moisture-proof protective layer formed on the phosphor layer. A radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography, wherein the layer is formed from a plasma polymerized film of a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer. 該含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーの炭素数が2〜5である請求項1のデジタルX線撮影用放射線変換シート。The radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer having a fluorine-containing compound has 2 to 5 carbon atoms. 少なくとも、センサ基板、前記センサ基板上に形成された光電変換素子、前記光電変換素子上に形成されたハロゲン化アルカリ蛍光体層、および前記蛍光体層上に形成された防湿保護層からなるデジタルX線撮影装置において、該防湿保護層が含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーのプラズマ重合膜から形成されていることを特徴とするデジタルX線撮影装置。A digital X comprising at least a sensor substrate, a photoelectric conversion element formed on the sensor substrate, an alkali halide phosphor layer formed on the photoelectric conversion element, and a moisture-proof protective layer formed on the phosphor layer A digital X-ray imaging apparatus, wherein the moisture-proof protective layer is formed of a plasma polymerized film of a fluorine-containing compound unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer. 該含フッ素化合物不飽和炭化水素モノマーの炭素数が2〜5である請求項3のデジタルX線撮影装置。The digital X-ray apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer having a fluorine-containing compound has 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
JP2002198730A 2002-07-08 2002-07-08 Radiation conversion sheet for digital radiography and digital radiographing device Pending JP2004037420A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005283483A (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Toshiba Corp X-ray detector
JP2006052978A (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-23 Canon Inc Radiation detection instrument, scintillator panel, and radiation detection system
US7595493B2 (en) 2004-08-10 2009-09-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation detecting apparatus, manufacturing method thereof, scintillator panel and radiation detecting system
JP2016128791A (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 キヤノン株式会社 Radiographic imaging apparatus, manufacturing method therefor, and radiation detection apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005283483A (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Toshiba Corp X-ray detector
JP2006052978A (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-23 Canon Inc Radiation detection instrument, scintillator panel, and radiation detection system
US7595493B2 (en) 2004-08-10 2009-09-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiation detecting apparatus, manufacturing method thereof, scintillator panel and radiation detecting system
JP2016128791A (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 キヤノン株式会社 Radiographic imaging apparatus, manufacturing method therefor, and radiation detection apparatus
CN105785420A (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-20 佳能株式会社 Radiation Imaging Apparatus, Method For Manufacturing The Same, And Radiation Inspection Apparatus

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