JP2004037023A - Lead blast furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a melting furnace for extremely reducing the amount of leakage of gas in the furnace to the outside and the amount of slug to be generated, and making uniform the height of a load in the furnace. <P>SOLUTION: In the melting furnace, a load C made of a material containing lead, coke, and iron is thrown into a melting furnace from an input port 2, air is supplied from a tuyere 5 at the lower portion of the melting furnace. and the load C is heated, thus reducing the material containing lead and for obtaining a metal lead. In the melting furnace, a shutter 3 that opens when the load C is thrown is provided at the input port 2, and the supply of air from the tuyere 5 is stopped while the shutter 3 is open. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

注）ここで、回収率は、水分を含んだ状態の鉛含有材料の投入量に対する純度を考慮しない金属鉛の回収量の比率である。
【００４８】
表１より、分散板４を使用して、筒部１内部における荷Ｃの高さを均一にしながら処理を行うことにより、金属鉛の回収率を高めることができた。
また、羽口５から筒部１に供給する空気中への酸素の添加量を多くすることにより、一日に処理できる鉛含有材料の量が増加した。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以下のような顕著な効果を奏する。
本発明の鉛の溶解炉は、投入口に設けられたシャッタが、荷を炉内に投入する際にのみ開き、これと同時に、羽口から炉内への供給を停止するので、炉内ガスの投入口からの漏れを低減することができる。これにより、金属鉛の回収率を高めることができるとともに、棚つり、荷下がり不良、金属鉛、スラグの排出不良等の操業トラブルを回避することができる（請求項１）。
【００５０】
本発明の鉛の溶解炉は、荷の落下経路中に、傾斜角度を変更できる分散板を設けたので、炉内において荷の高さにバラツキが発生したときに、分散板を稼動することで、荷を炉内の任意の位置に集中的に投入でき、荷の高さのバラツキを解消することができる。これにより、吹き抜けの発生を抑制できる（請求項２）。
本発明の鉛の溶解炉は、複数の差指を備えているので、炉内における荷の高さのバラツキを測定することができる（請求項３）。
【００５１】
本発明の鉛の溶解炉は、複数の差指により評価された炉内における荷の高さのバラツキに応じて、分散板の傾斜角度を変更し、荷の高さが低い部分に集中的に荷を投入できるので、荷の高さのバラツキを解消することができる。これにより、吹き抜けの発生を抑制できる（請求項４）。
【００５２】
本発明の鉛の溶解炉は、羽口から供給される空気に酸素を添加しているので、コークスの燃焼効率が高まり、単位時間あたりの鉛含有材料の処理量を増加することができる。また、炉内の保有熱量が高まるので、溶剤として鉄以外の材料を使用する必要が無くなり、スラグの発生量が減少する（請求項５）。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の溶解炉の縦断面図である。
【図２】本発明の溶解炉の横断面図である。
【図３】本発明の溶解炉の機能ブロック図である。
【図４】本発明の溶解炉の機能ブロック図である。
【図５】従来の溶解炉の断面図である。
【図６】図５における装入口付近の要部拡大断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１　筒部
２　投入口
３　シャッタ
４　分散板
４ａ　軸
４ｂ　モータ
５　羽口
５ａ　可動バルブ
５ｂ　酸素貯蔵タンク
６　炉床
７Ｌ，７Ｒ　差指
７ａ　ワイヤ
７ｂ　錘
７ｃ　回転計
８　滑車
９　投入管
１０　搬送装置
１１　煙道
１２　シャッタ開閉コントローラ
１３　シャッタ開閉装置
１４　分散板コントローラ
１５　集塵ボックス
Ｃ　荷
Ｓ　センサ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lead melting furnace for regenerating lead-containing materials obtained from waste batteries used in automobiles and recovering metallic lead.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Lead is widely used in storage batteries such as automobile batteries, and lead-containing materials contained in used storage batteries are conventionally treated using a lead smelting process. That is, a lead-containing material is taken out of a used battery, and the lead-containing material is put into a melting furnace together with coke as a reducing agent and iron as a solvent to dissolve and recover metallic lead.
[0003]
A typical example of this is the invention described in JP-A-2000-54039. In the present invention, a melting furnace as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used. Here, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional melting furnace, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part near a charging port in FIG.
This melting furnace is provided with an inlet 104 for a load 106 made of a lead-containing material, coke, and a solvent, a furnace body 101 for melting and reducing the load 106, and a lower part of the furnace body 101, and air from a blower tube 113. And a hearth 103 arranged below the furnace body 101 for storing the melted material. The temperature of the vicinity of the tuyere 102 is high, so that the furnace wall is a water-cooled jacket 107. You. The air blown from the tuyere 102 raises and reduces the temperature of the load 106 in the furnace body 101, becomes gas in the furnace containing SO ₂ and lead-containing dust, and is discharged from the flue 111.
[0004]
Referring to FIG. 6, the charging port 104 has two holes 104, 104, and each of the holes 104, 104 is provided with a charging apron 105, 105. Further, a charging path changing device 109 is disposed above each hole of the charging port 104. A rotation shaft 112 is attached to one end of the charging path changing device 109, and a rotation applying means such as an air cylinder is additionally provided to enable the charging path changing device 109 to rotate.
[0005]
Above the charging path changing device 109, a conveyor 110 for transporting the load 106 is provided. The load 106 conveyed by the conveyer 110 is loaded into one of the loading openings 104, 104 via the loading path changing device 109.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the invention described in JP-A-2000-54039, since the charging port 104 is always open, the reducing furnace gas containing a large amount of lead-containing dust and SO ₂ is discharged. And leaks to the outside through the passage in which the conveyor 110 is installed, and contaminates the environment. Further, since the furnace gas contains a large amount of lead-containing dust as described above, leakage of the furnace gas to the outside reduces the lead recovery rate. Further, when the gas in the furnace leaks from the charging port 104, the amount of heat retained in the melting furnace is reduced, causing various operation troubles such as shelf hanging, poor loading, poor discharge of metal lead, and slag.
[0007]
Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-54039, in order to make the height of the load 106 uniform in the furnace, two loading ports 104, 104 are provided. The loading path changing device 109 is rotated to load the load 106 into the two loading openings 104 and 104 alternately.
[0008]
However, according to this method, if the height of the load 106 varies for some reason in the furnace, the variation cannot be positively eliminated. Therefore, there is a problem that blow-through easily occurs in a place where the height of the load 106 in the furnace is low.
[0009]
Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-54039, lime and silica stone other than iron are added as the load 106 in order to lower the melting point of slag. For this reason, there has been a problem that the amount of generated slag increases.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and minimizes leakage of gas in the furnace to the outside and the amount of slag generated as much as possible. In this case, it is an object to provide a lead melting furnace capable of solving the problem positively.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above-mentioned problem.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a load composed of a lead-containing material, coke, and iron is charged into a melting furnace through a charging port, and the load is heated while air is supplied from a tuyere below the melting furnace. Thus, in a lead melting furnace for obtaining metallic lead by reducing the lead-containing material, the input port is provided with a shutter that opens when the load is input, and while the shutter is open, A lead melting furnace characterized in that the supply of air from the tuyere is stopped.
[0012]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the shutter is provided at the inlet for charging the load into the melting furnace. Since the shutter is closed except during loading of the load, it is possible to prevent the gas in the furnace from leaking from the charging port to the outside during the melting operation.
[0013]
Further, the shutter provided at the charging port is opened only when a load is loaded, and at this time, the supply of air from the tuyere is stopped. Since no new air is supplied to the furnace, generation of furnace gas is suppressed, and leakage of furnace gas from the inlet to the outside can be reduced as much as possible.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a dispersing plate that is axially supported by a shaft crossing the inside of the cylinder of the melting furnace and extends in a vertical direction in a falling path of the load of the melting furnace, 2. The lead melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the dispersion plate can be changed around the axis as a center of rotation. 3.
[0015]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the dispersion plate capable of changing the inclination angle is provided in the falling path of the load supplied from the input port, the inclination angle of the dispersion plate is set when the load is supplied. If changed, the load falling path can be changed, and the load can be dropped to an arbitrary position in the furnace. As a result, it is possible to eliminate variations due to the height of the load in the furnace.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the melting furnace is provided with a plurality of index fingers in order to measure a variation in the height of the load in the melting furnace. A lead melting furnace according to claim 2.
[0017]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of index fingers are provided in the melting furnace, the variation due to the location of the load height in the furnace is evaluated by comparing the measured values of the plurality of index fingers. can do.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 4, wherein the inclination angle of the dispersion plate is changed in accordance with a variation in a location of a height of the load in the melting furnace measured by the plurality of index fingers, and 4. The lead melting furnace according to claim 3, wherein the lead melting furnace is configured to change a falling path of the load supplied from the charging port. 5.
[0019]
According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the dispersion of the height of the load in the furnace is measured by a plurality of index fingers, and the inclination of the dispersion plate is adjusted so that the load is intensively supplied to a low load portion. Since the falling path of the load is changed by changing the angle, the variation in the height of the load in the furnace can be eliminated more positively than in the related art.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 5 is the lead melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein oxygen is added to air supplied from the tuyere.
[0021]
According to the invention described in claim 5, oxygen is added to the air supplied from the tuyere to increase the oxygen concentration, so that the combustion efficiency per unit mass of coke contained in the load can be increased. Since the amount of heat retained in the furnace increases, slag having a high melting point can be discharged out of the furnace, and it becomes unnecessary to use a material other than iron as a solvent. Thereby, the amount of slag can be reduced.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the melting furnace of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the melting furnace of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are functional block diagrams of the melting furnace of the present invention.
[0023]
Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the melting furnace of the present invention has a cylindrical shape having a substantially elliptical cross section, and includes a cylindrical portion 1 on which a load C is deposited and an opening provided on an upper side surface of the cylindrical portion 1. There is a loading port 2 into which the load C is loaded, a shutter 3 for opening and closing the loading port 2, and a short path of the cylindrical portion 1 immediately below the loading port 2 and in a falling path of the load C. , A dispersion plate 4 supported by a shaft 4 a provided so as to cross the cylindrical portion 1.
[0024]
Further, the melting furnace of the present invention has a tuyere 5 provided at a lower portion of the cylindrical portion 1 so as to surround the cylindrical portion 1 for supplying air into the melting furnace, and a bottom of the cylindrical portion 1. A furnace hearth 6 in which molten metal lead and slag accumulate, a wire 7a suspended inside the cylinder 1 via a pulley 8 provided near the top of the cylinder 1, and a wire 7a suspended from the tip of the wire 7a A weight 7b, and two index fingers 7L and 7R for measuring the height of the load C deposited inside the cylindrical portion 1.
[0025]
In addition, the charging port 2 is connected to a charging pipe 9 branching from the cylindrical portion 1, and a transfer device 10 including a conveyor, a skip, and the like for transferring the load C is installed in the charging pipe 9. .
[0026]
The upper end opening of the cylindrical portion 1 is connected to a flue 11, and the furnace gas generated by heating the load C flows through the flue 11 and has undergone detoxification treatment such as desulfurization. Later released to the outside.
[0027]
The tuyere 5 is connected to a compressor (not shown) for compressing air and an oxygen storage tank 5b (FIG. 3), and oxygen is added to the air supplied from the tuyere 5 at an arbitrary ratio. It is possible to do.
[0028]
In order to prevent the gas inside the furnace from leaking from an opening (not shown) for leading out the wires 7a of the index fingers 7L and 7R from the inside of the cylindrical portion 1 to the outside, the opening is formed by a dust collecting box 15. It is covered and the inside of the dust collection box 15 is collected.
[0029]
Next, the operation of the melting furnace of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0030]
First, the operation of the inlet 2 and the tuyere 5 will be described.
Referring to FIG. 3, a sensor S for detecting the loading of the load C is provided near the loading port 2 of the loading pipe 9, and the loading information of the loading C detected by the sensor S is transmitted to the shutter opening / closing controller. 12 is transmitted. Upon receiving the information that the load C has been carried in the vicinity of the slot 2, the shutter opening / closing controller 12 transmits a command to open the shutter 3 to the shutter opening / closing device 13 for opening and closing the shutter 3. Further, the shutter opening / closing controller 12 transmits a valve closing command to the movable valves 5a, 5a attached to the tuyeres 5, 5 to shut off the supply of the air to the cylindrical portion 1.
The supply of air to the cylinder 1 may be controlled by increasing or decreasing the rotation speed of the blower in accordance with a command from the shutter opening / closing controller 12, or by providing a damper at the blower outlet air tube and opening and closing the shutter. Control may be performed by opening and closing according to a command from the controller 12.
[0031]
As a result, when the load C is inserted into the cylindrical portion 1 from the input port 2, the shutter 3 is opened, and the supply of air from the tuyeres 5, 5 is stopped. Therefore, generation of furnace gas from the load C existing in the cylindrical portion 1 is suppressed, and leakage of the furnace gas from the charging port 2 to the outside when the load C is charged can be reduced. As described above, since the furnace gas contains a large amount of lead-containing dust, by preventing the furnace gas from leaking, the recovery rate of metallic lead can be increased as compared with the conventional method. In addition, except when the load C is charged, the charging port 2 is closed by the shutter 3, so that the amount of heat retained in the melting furnace does not decrease, and shelf shelving, unloading failure, metal lead, and slag discharge failure occur. And the like, and "deterioration of the basic unit of coke" can be avoided.
[0032]
When the loading of the load C is completed, the sensor S transmits to the shutter opening / closing controller 12 that the load C is not present in the vicinity of the loading port 2, and the shutter opening / closing controller 12 closes the shutter 3 to the shutter opening / closing device 13. A command for the margin is transmitted, and the shutter 3 is closed. Further, the shutter opening / closing controller 12 sends a command to the movable valves 5a, 5a to start supplying air to the cylinder portion 1, the movable valves 5a, 5a are opened, and the air supply is restarted. The reduction and dissolution of the load C deposited inside the part 1 progresses, and metallic lead accumulates in the hearth 6.
[0033]
Next, the operation of the dispersion plate 4 and the index fingers 7L and 7R will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the melting furnace of the present invention, two index fingers 7L and 7R are provided at positions symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical portion 1 along the longitudinal axis of the cross section of the cylindrical portion 1 (FIG. 1). The index fingers 7L and 7R measure the height of the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1. When the weight 7b reaches the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1, the tension meter (not shown) detects the slack of the wire 7a. The height of the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1 is measured by detecting and stopping, and measuring the payout length of the wire 7a by the tachometer 7c.
[0034]
Note that the number of the index fingers 7L and 7R is not limited to two, and three or more index fingers may be provided. By doing so, it is possible to more accurately evaluate the variation in the height of the load C in the cylindrical portion 1.
[0035]
The height of the load C of the cylindrical portion 1 measured by the index fingers 7L and 7R is transmitted to the distribution plate controller 14, and the height of the load C measured by the index fingers 7L and 7R in the distribution plate controller 14. Are compared, and the variation in height depending on the location of the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1 is evaluated.
[0036]
When the dispersion plate controller 14 detects a variation in the height of the load C, the dispersion plate controller 14 transmits a command to the motor 4b that tilts the dispersion plate 4, and the load C is moved to a portion where the height of the load C is low. The inclination angle of the dispersion plate 4 is changed so that the load C can be concentrated.
[0037]
In FIG. 4, the load C has a variation in height inside the cylindrical portion 1, and the load C existing on the left side of the inlet 2 is lower than the right side. This state is measured by the index fingers 7L and 7R, and the dispersion plate controller 14 sends a command to the motor 4b to rotate the dispersion plate 4 immediately below the slot 2 clockwise to tilt it, and 1 are arranged so that the load C is intensively loaded on the left side of the first.
[0038]
By arranging the dispersing plate 4 in such an arrangement, the load C input from the input port 2 is intensively input to the left side of the cylindrical portion 1, so that the height of the load C in the cylindrical portion 1 varies. Is eliminated.
[0039]
Further, in a scene where the height of the load C does not vary, the distribution plate controller 14 alternately changes the inclination angle of the distribution plate 4 to the left and right each time the load C is input from the input port 2. Thus, the load C is evenly supplied to the cylindrical portion 1.
[0040]
As described above, in the melting furnace of the present invention, when a variation in the height of the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1 is detected, the falling path of the load C is changed by appropriately inclining the dispersion plate 4, and the cylindrical portion is changed. Since the load C is intensively thrown into the lower portion of the load C in the inside 1, variation in the height of the load C in the cylindrical portion 1 is eliminated, and blow-through can be effectively prevented.
[0041]
Subsequently, the addition of oxygen to the air supplied from the tuyere 5 to the cylinder 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The tuyere 5 has an oxygen storage tank 5b in its path, and oxygen can be added to the air supplied from the tuyere 5 to the cylinder 1 at an arbitrary ratio.
[0042]
By adding oxygen to the air supplied from the tuyere 5 to the cylinder 1, the combustion efficiency per unit mass of coke contained in the load C increases, the calorific value of the furnace increases, and the slag having a high melting point increases. Can also be discharged outside the furnace. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to add silica, lime, etc., which have been added to lower the melting point of slag, and the amount of slag generated can be reduced.
[0043]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications that embody the technical idea of the present invention are possible.
[0044]
【Example】
(Experimental examples 1 to 3)
The used battery was cut, and a lead-containing material from which sulfuric acid and plastic were separated and removed, coke and pig iron were mixed and charged as a load C into the melting furnace shown in FIG.
At this time, the dispersion of the height of the load C in the cylindrical portion 1 is measured using the index fingers 7L and 7R as appropriate, and when there is no variation in the height, the inclination of the dispersion plate 4 every time the load C is input. The angle is alternately changed to left and right, and when the height varies, the load C is intensively supplied to the portion where the load C is low by controlling the inclination angle of the dispersion plate 4. As a result, the load C is supplied to the cylindrical portion 1 at an even height.
Then, air to which a predetermined amount of oxygen was added was supplied from the tuyere 5 to the inside of the tubular portion 1 to recover metallic lead.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0045]
In this experiment, the loading port 2 was closed by the shutter 3 except when the load C was loaded, and when the shutter 3 was opened, the air supply from the tuyere 5 was stopped. No leakage of the gas in the furnace through the charging port 2 was observed at the time of charging.
[0046]
(Experimental Examples 4 to 6)
Metal lead was recovered in the same manner as in Experimental Examples 1 to 3, except that the dispersion plate 4 was not used.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0047]
[Table 1]

Note) Here, the recovery rate is the ratio of the recovery amount of metallic lead without considering the purity to the input amount of lead-containing material containing water.
[0048]
As shown in Table 1, by using the dispersion plate 4 and performing the treatment while making the height of the load C inside the cylindrical portion 1 uniform, the recovery rate of metallic lead was able to be increased.
In addition, by increasing the amount of oxygen added to the air supplied from the tuyere 5 to the cylinder 1, the amount of lead-containing material that can be processed in one day was increased.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following remarkable effects.
In the lead melting furnace of the present invention, the shutter provided at the charging port opens only when loading a load into the furnace, and at the same time, stops the supply from the tuyere to the furnace. Leakage from the charging port can be reduced. As a result, the recovery rate of lead metal can be increased, and operation troubles such as shelf hanging, unloading failure, and failure to discharge metal lead and slag can be avoided (claim 1).
[0050]
In the lead melting furnace of the present invention, a dispersion plate capable of changing the inclination angle is provided in the falling path of the load, so that when the height of the load varies in the furnace, the dispersion plate is operated. In addition, the load can be intensively put into an arbitrary position in the furnace, and the variation in the height of the load can be eliminated. Thereby, occurrence of blow-by can be suppressed (claim 2).
Since the lead melting furnace of the present invention is provided with a plurality of index fingers, it is possible to measure variations in the height of the load in the furnace (claim 3).
[0051]
The lead melting furnace of the present invention changes the inclination angle of the dispersion plate in accordance with the variation in the height of the load in the furnace evaluated by a plurality of fingers, and concentrates on the portion where the load height is low. Since the load can be supplied, variations in the height of the load can be eliminated. Thereby, occurrence of blow-by can be suppressed (claim 4).
[0052]
In the lead melting furnace of the present invention, since oxygen is added to the air supplied from the tuyere, the combustion efficiency of coke is increased, and the throughput of the lead-containing material per unit time can be increased. In addition, since the amount of heat retained in the furnace is increased, it is not necessary to use a material other than iron as a solvent, and the amount of slag generated is reduced (claim 5).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a melting furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the melting furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the melting furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the melting furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional melting furnace.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part near a charging port in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical part 2 Input port 3 Shutter 4 Dispersion plate 4a Shaft 4b Motor 5 Tuyere 5a Movable valve 5b Oxygen storage tank 6 Hearth 7L, 7R Index finger 7a Wire 7b Weight 7c Tachometer 8 Pulley 9 Input pipe 10 Transport device 11 Smoke Road 12 Shutter opening / closing controller 13 Shutter opening / closing device 14 Dispersion plate controller 15 Dust collection box C Load S sensor

Claims (5)

A load composed of a lead-containing material, coke, and iron is charged into a melting furnace from an input port, and the load is heated while supplying air from a tuyere below the melting furnace, thereby reducing the lead-containing material. In a lead melting furnace to obtain metallic lead,
The inlet is provided with a shutter that opens when the load is loaded, and the supply of air from the tuyere is stopped while the shutter is open. Furnace. In the falling path of the load of the melting furnace, there is provided a dispersion plate which is supported by a shaft crossing the cylinder of the melting furnace and extends in a vertical direction, and the dispersion plate rotates the shaft. The lead melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle can be changed as a center. The lead melting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melting furnace is provided with a plurality of index fingers to measure a variation in height of the load in the melting furnace. Furnace. By changing the inclination angle of the dispersion plate in accordance with the variation in the height of the load in the melting furnace measured by the plurality of fingers, the load input from the input port is changed. 4. The lead melting furnace according to claim 3, wherein the fall path is changed. The lead melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein oxygen is added to the air supplied from the tuyere.

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