JP2004033374A - In vivo information detection unit - Google Patents

In vivo information detection unit Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004033374A
JP2004033374A JP2002192751A JP2002192751A JP2004033374A JP 2004033374 A JP2004033374 A JP 2004033374A JP 2002192751 A JP2002192751 A JP 2002192751A JP 2002192751 A JP2002192751 A JP 2002192751A JP 2004033374 A JP2004033374 A JP 2004033374A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vivo information
detection unit
sensor
information detection
piercing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002192751A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Ishibashi
石橋 広
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Advance Co Ltd
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Advance Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Advance Co Ltd filed Critical Advance Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002192751A priority Critical patent/JP2004033374A/en
Publication of JP2004033374A publication Critical patent/JP2004033374A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an in vivo information detection unit for accurately detecting various in vivo information in daily life, easily and without pain while inhibiting damage on the skin of a user as much as possible. <P>SOLUTION: The in vivo information detection unit has a minute inserting member having a detection means for detecting in vivo information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、無痛で、経皮的に体内情報を検出する体内情報検出ユニットに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
今般、経皮的に生体内の情報を検出しようとする試みが、家庭レベルで数多くなされているが、実用化という面からいえば、生体に針や刃物を瞬時に穿刺させ、痛みを軽減させながら、生体組織を破壊し、血液を採取して、血液成分特に血糖値を測定する装置が、一部の糖尿病患者向けに提供されるに留まっている。
【0003】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
これらの測定系の中でも情報として数多くの情報を、的確に得られるものとして血液等の体液を採取し分析できることが好ましいが、皮膚に多少の損傷を与えなければならない点で、常に無痛であるとは、言い難く、穿刺後の跡が残る等、上述の糖尿病患者のように、どうしても必要である者以外の繰り返し使用には限界がある。
しかしながら、今般の成人病の増加や、低年齢化の問題が深刻化していることから、日常生活で、簡単に、無痛で、しかもなるべく皮膚の損傷を抑えながら体内情報の正確な検出が希求されているのである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記に鑑み本発明は、体内情報を検出するための検出手段を備えた微小の刺入部材を皮膚へ刺し、検出手段を体内に挿入することで、刺した部分の細胞への損傷を抑えながら、ほぼ無痛で、体内情報を検出することを可能としたのである。
本発明における検出手段は、微小の刺入部材の先端あるいは、その近傍に付設される程度の大きさを有する種々のセンサーが例示され、微小なものであれば特に限定されることなく使用可能である。
センサーは例えば、半導体、各種電極等、電気信号として刺入部材を介して生体外部へ得られるものや、刺入部材そのものが、検出部材を兼ねる場合もある。例えば、インピーダンスを測定する為の電極であってもよく、集積化した半導体等が例示される。
【0005】
電気的には、低インピーダンス化した体内へ、無痛で、侵入した微小刺入手段は、好適な電極にもなり得る。
また、電気的検出だけでなく、試薬などが塗布された状態のもの、刺入部材が中空であれば、内部に試薬成分が挿入された状態で多少表出した状態であっても良い。これは、刺入後、これを抜き取り、体液と反応した先端部を反応に応じた態様で、例えば、発色した場合は、光学的測定等の手法により、外部で測定するものである。
本発明における検出は、体内情報であって、体内に侵入したセンサーによって検出できるものであればいかなるものでも良いが、血液あるいは、血管等からの浸出液等が好ましい。
【0006】
刺入部材は、少なくとも、長さが、数十μm〜数mmで口径が数十μmからナノレベル程度の硬質性又は軟質性を有する部材が例示される。尚、生体へ穿刺する際、容易に穿刺可能な程度に硬質なものが好ましい。刺入部材は、少なくとも角質層を貫通する程度の長さを有すれば良く、適応部位によっては、数十μm以下であっても良い場合もある。
又、本発明は、複数の刺入部材を、併設し、これを同時に皮膚へ刺すことで、センサーが構成される場合もある。
即ち、先端部に検出部材である半導体を設け、その他を電気的に絶縁状態とした2つの微小な刺入部材を同時に刺入し、先端部間で電気的な閉回路を形成するこの半導体の電気的条件により、体内成分の検出を行うといったものである。
本発明の刺入部材は、例えば、1μm以下で好ましくはナノレベルの微小針が例示され、当該微小針は、中空状が好ましい。
尚、刺入部材の口径は、少なくとも、無痛で、皮膚を穿刺できる程度であればよく1μm以上であってもよい場合もある。
本発明は、より微少なセンサーを体内に挿入する為、角質層等によるダメージを受ける可能性があることから、予め皮膚に孔をあける穿刺手段により穿刺しておくことが好ましい。
例えば、Sebastien H. et.al.,Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 87, No.8,922−925  August 1998 に記載された針先が数μmの微小針を利用して、予め、皮膚に孔を開けておき、その後、刺入部材を挿入して使用する場合が例示される。この場合は、位置決めのためのガイド体が、同時に構成されることが好ましい。
【0007】
【実施例】
図1は、本発明の一実施例を示す図である。
11は、微小針本体で、12は、導電性部材で、13は、センサである。微小針は、例えば、窒化シリコンにより形成され、その他ナノレベルの口径を有する微小針が好適に利用される。導電性部材13は、微小針本体11内を貫通するほか、その周囲に付着した状態で、その最外層を電気的絶縁部材で被覆したものであってもよい。微小針本体11内を導電性部材12が貫通する場合は、微小針本体11は、中空状に形成されてもよい。
センサー13は、グルコースセンサー、バイオセンサー、酵素電極、濃度センサー、免疫センサー等が例示されるがより微小であればよく、その他様々なセンサーが利用可能である。例えば上述した1μm程度のセンサーあるいはそれ以下の大きさであってナノレベルのものが好適に利用され、更には特表2001−522999号公報に記載される様な種類のバイオセンサーも好適に利用される。
例えば、特開平9−94231号公報に記載されている1μm程度のグルコース酸化酵素を包括固定した白金黒電極等が例示され、更にナノセンサレベルのものとして、特表2001−522999号公報に記載されているナノ電極アレイが好適に使用される。又、ナノレベルにおける電気リード線についても特表2001−522999号公報に記載されている半導体を形成する際用いられる手法が有効に利用される。
導電性部材13は、2つ以上の微小針が同時に穿刺されるものであれば、1本で良い場合もある。
【0008】
本発明は、より微少なセンサーを体内に挿入して使用されるものであるが、当該挿入は、上述のような他の穿刺手段(図1(b)で示す14)を用いて行われてもよい。
当該穿刺刺手段の穿刺と、当該刺入手段の挿入が同一の部位で行われる必要があることから、あらかじめ刺入部位を位置決めしておき、その位置決めした状態で、穿刺手段で穿刺し、一度解除した後、センサーを備えた刺入部材を挿入することで、センサーのダメージを抑えることができることから、より小さいセンサーを挿入して使用することも可能である。
又、本発明は、図1(c)で示す様に10 から10−10のナノレベルでのセンサー15と、導電性部材16の組み合わせに対し、無痛で穿刺可能な数μmから数十μmの穿刺手段17に組み会わすことで、一体的な検出ユニットも形成可能である。この場合、生体とセンサーの接触窓18を設け、更に複数のナノセンサーを窓ごとに設けることで、様々な情報を同時に検出することができる場合もある。 尚、図1(c)では、センサーと穿刺手段が同程度の大きさで示したが、上述したようにセンサーがより小さい場合もあり、複数内接させることも可能である。
【0009】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述のごとく本発明は、生体に対し、無痛状態で、センサーを挿入し、体内情報を検出できることから、疾病の早期検出、健康状態の確実性の高い管理が可能になるなどの効果を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
11  微小針本体
12  導電性部材
13  センサー
14  穿刺針
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an in-vivo information detecting unit which detects painless and percutaneous in-vivo information.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, many attempts have been made at the home level to detect information in a living body percutaneously.However, from the viewpoint of practical application, the living body can be instantaneously punctured with a needle or blade to reduce pain. However, devices for destroying living tissue, collecting blood, and measuring blood components, particularly blood sugar levels, are only provided for some diabetics.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
Among these measurement systems, it is preferable to be able to collect and analyze a large amount of information as information, such as blood and other bodily fluids, but it is always painless in that it must cause some damage to the skin. However, there is a limit to the repeated use of those who are not absolutely necessary, such as the above-mentioned diabetic patients, because it is difficult to say and a trace after puncture remains.
However, with the recent increase in adult diseases and the problem of aging, the need for simple, painless, and accurate detection of in-vivo information while minimizing skin damage in daily life has been sought. -ing
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above, the present invention stabs a small piercing member provided with a detecting means for detecting in-vivo information into skin, and inserts the detecting means into the body, thereby suppressing damage to cells at the stabbed portion. It made it possible to detect in-vivo information with almost no pain.
The detection means in the present invention is exemplified by various sensors having a size such that it is attached to the tip of a minute insertion member or in the vicinity thereof, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it is minute. is there.
The sensor may be, for example, a semiconductor, various electrodes, etc., which can be obtained outside the living body as an electric signal via an insertion member, or the insertion member itself may also serve as a detection member. For example, an electrode for measuring impedance may be used, and an integrated semiconductor or the like is exemplified.
[0005]
Electrically, the micro-piercing means that penetrates into the body with low impedance without pain can be a suitable electrode.
In addition to the electrical detection, a state in which a reagent or the like is applied, or a state in which a reagent component is inserted to the inside and a state in which the reagent component is slightly exposed may be used if the insertion member is hollow. In this method, after insertion, the tip is withdrawn and the tip that has reacted with the body fluid is measured externally in a manner according to the reaction.
The detection in the present invention may be any information as long as it is in-vivo information and can be detected by a sensor that has entered the body, but blood or exudate from blood vessels or the like is preferable.
[0006]
The piercing member is at least a member having a length of several tens of μm to several mm and having a hardness of several tens of μm to a nano-level of hardness or softness. In addition, when puncturing a living body, it is preferable to use a material that is hard enough to puncture easily. The penetrating member only needs to have a length at least penetrating the stratum corneum, and may have a length of several tens μm or less depending on the applicable site.
Further, in the present invention, a sensor may be configured by arranging a plurality of piercing members in parallel and simultaneously piercing the skin.
That is, a semiconductor serving as a detection member is provided at the distal end, and two minute insertion members, which are electrically insulated from each other, are simultaneously inserted to form an electrically closed circuit between the distal ends. The detection of internal components is performed according to the electrical conditions.
As the piercing member of the present invention, for example, a microneedle having a size of 1 μm or less and preferably a nano level is exemplified, and the microneedle is preferably hollow.
The diameter of the penetrating member may be at least 1 μm or more as long as it is painless and can puncture the skin.
In the present invention, since a smaller sensor is inserted into the body, there is a possibility that the sensor may be damaged by the stratum corneum or the like. Therefore, it is preferable to puncture the skin in advance with a puncturing means for piercing the skin.
For example, Sebastien H .; et. al. , Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 87, no. 8,922-925 August 1998, a case where a needle is used in advance by making a hole in the skin using a microneedle having a needle tip of several μm, and then inserting and using an piercing member. . In this case, it is preferable that the guides for positioning are configured at the same time.
[0007]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a microneedle main body, 12 is a conductive member, and 13 is a sensor. The microneedles are formed of, for example, silicon nitride, and other microneedles having a nano-level diameter are suitably used. The conductive member 13 may penetrate the inside of the microneedle main body 11, or may be a member in which the outermost layer is covered with an electrically insulating member while being attached to the periphery thereof. When the conductive member 12 penetrates the inside of the microneedle main body 11, the microneedle main body 11 may be formed in a hollow shape.
The sensor 13 is exemplified by a glucose sensor, a biosensor, an enzyme electrode, a concentration sensor, an immunosensor, and the like, but may be smaller, and various other sensors can be used. For example, the above-described sensor of about 1 μm or a size smaller than the above, and a nano-level sensor is suitably used, and a biosensor of the type described in JP-A-2001-522999 is also preferably used. You.
For example, a platinum black electrode enclosing and fixing glucose oxidase of about 1 μm described in JP-A-9-94231 is exemplified. Further, as a nanosensor level, it is described in JP-A-2001-522999. The nanoelectrode array described is preferably used. Also, for the electric lead wires at the nano level, the method used for forming a semiconductor described in JP-T-2001-522999 can be effectively used.
As long as two or more microneedles are simultaneously punctured, only one conductive member 13 may be sufficient.
[0008]
In the present invention, a smaller sensor is inserted into the body for use. The insertion is performed by using other puncturing means as described above (14 shown in FIG. 1B). Is also good.
Since the puncture of the puncture means and the insertion of the puncture means need to be performed at the same part, the puncture part is positioned in advance, and the puncture means is punctured once in the positioned state. After the release, the insertion of the piercing member provided with the sensor can suppress the damage to the sensor, so that a smaller sensor can be inserted and used.
Further, the present invention is 10 as shown in FIG. 1 (c) - the sensor 15 at the nano-level 9 from 10 -10 with respect to the combination of the conductive member 16, the number of pierceable several μm painlessly ten By combining with the μm puncturing means 17, an integral detection unit can be formed. In this case, by providing the contact window 18 between the living body and the sensor and further providing a plurality of nanosensors for each window, various information can be detected at the same time. In FIG. 1 (c), the sensor and the puncturing means are shown as having substantially the same size. However, as described above, the sensor may be smaller, and a plurality of sensors may be inscribed.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the present invention has an effect that a sensor can be inserted into a living body in a painless state and in-vivo information can be detected, thereby enabling early detection of a disease and highly reliable management of a health condition. Have.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Microneedle body 12 Conductive member 13 Sensor 14 Puncture needle

Claims (5)

体内情報を検出するための検出手段を備えた微小の刺入部材を有する体内情報検出ユニット。An in-vivo information detection unit having a small piercing member provided with a detecting means for detecting in-vivo information. 前記体内情報が、血液、浸出液等の体液である請求項1に記載の体内情報検出ユニット。The in-vivo information detection unit according to claim 1, wherein the in-vivo information is a bodily fluid such as blood or exudate. 前記刺入部材の口径が細胞の大きさ以下である請求項1に記載の体内情報検出ユニット。The in-vivo information detection unit according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the insertion member is equal to or smaller than the size of a cell. 前記刺入部材が複数併設され、これら個々の又は相互の関係により検出手段が形成される体内情報検出ユニット。An in-vivo information detecting unit in which a plurality of the piercing members are provided in parallel, and a detecting unit is formed by these individual or mutual relations. 少なくとも細胞の大きさかそれ以下の大きさの口径
を有する穿刺手段により、皮膚を穿刺した後、前記刺入手段を挿入して、体内情報を検出する体内情報検出ユニットの取り扱い方法。
A method for handling an in-vivo information detecting unit for puncturing skin with a puncturing means having a diameter of at least the size of a cell or less, and then inserting the piercing means to detect in-vivo information.
JP2002192751A 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 In vivo information detection unit Pending JP2004033374A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007203039A (en) * 2006-02-04 2007-08-16 F Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Penetrating device having impedance measuring mechanism
JP2015059874A (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-30 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 Micro glucose sensor
KR101530326B1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2015-06-29 헬스와치 리미티드 Continuous non-interfering health monitoring and alert system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007203039A (en) * 2006-02-04 2007-08-16 F Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Penetrating device having impedance measuring mechanism
KR101530326B1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2015-06-29 헬스와치 리미티드 Continuous non-interfering health monitoring and alert system
JP2015059874A (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-30 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 Micro glucose sensor

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