JP2004032834A - Permanent magnet synchronous generator with small torque at starting - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a synchronous generator with small torque at starting which reduces the rotating torque required at starting by providing it with a three-phase rotor which is made by dividing each armature into three parts and sliding each pole, and lessening the volume of the armature iron core in addition to it, in a permanent magnet synchronous generator. <P>SOLUTION: In the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the rotor is made by providing a shaft 4 with a plurality of armatures 4 radially at equal intervals within the drum 1 consisting of a magnetic substance, and then segment magnets 6 corresponding to integral multiple of the quantity of armatures 4 are provided alternately in different polarity in circumferential direction at the inside wall of the drum 1, and each armature 4 of the above rotor 4 is divided into three parts in axial direction of the shaft 2, thereby forming the three phases of the first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C. The pole of each armature 4 of rotors A, B, C, and D is slid by a certain distance each in rotational direction, thus constituting the permanent magnet synchronous motor with small torque at starting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a permanent magnet type synchronous generator which generally requires a large rotation torque at a certain level or more when starting a permanent magnet type synchronous generator does not require such a torque and has a small starting torque. It is about the machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Synchronous generators that generate electric power by generating induced electromotive force by the relative motion between an armature and a field pole generally use a rotating field type with a stator as the armature and a rotor as the field pole. Have been. Among such a rotating field type synchronous generator, there is a permanent magnet type synchronous generator using a permanent magnet as a field pole. The permanent magnet type synchronous generator generally has a horizontal-axis rotating field type structure, typically represented by an engine generator, and has a low speed and a small capacity.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even a low-speed, small-capacity permanent magnet synchronous generator requires a large rotational torque at startup, exceeding the attractive force of each armature and permanent magnet that are attracted and stable to each other. Is normal. Such a large rotation torque at the time of startup is not required thereafter once the rotation starts and the rotation is stabilized.
[0004]
Also, the armature core of the armature is made of silicon steel, and when the pole of the armature, which is the rotor, is magnetized close to the pole of the permanent magnet, which is the field pole, a coil is wound around the armature core. Parts other than the part are also magnetized. This also contributes to an increase in the rotational torque (so-called “iron loss”).
[0005]
Therefore, if a large rotating torque at the time of starting can be reduced, and if the volume of the armature core which causes the above-mentioned iron loss can be reduced, the permanent magnet type synchronous generator can greatly save energy required at the time of starting. And the use of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is expanded.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of these points, and in a permanent magnet type synchronous generator, a three-phase rotor formed by dividing each armature into three and shifting the respective poles is provided. Another object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous generator having a small torque at the time of starting, in which the volume of the armature core is reduced to reduce the rotational torque required at the time of starting.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet synchronous generator, a plurality of armatures are radially provided on a shaft at equal intervals inside a drum made of a magnetic material to form a rotor, and the motor is provided on an inner peripheral wall of the drum. Permanent magnets of an integral multiple of the number of the rotors are alternately provided in the circumferential direction with different poles, and each armature of the rotor is divided into three in the axial direction of the shaft, and the first, second, and third rotors are divided. And a permanent magnet synchronous generator having a small torque at the time of starting, in which the poles of each armature of each rotor are shifted by a fixed distance in the rotation direction.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the permanent magnet synchronous generator according to the first aspect, wherein the number of the armatures of each of the rotors is eight and the number of the permanent magnets is twenty-four.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in order to form a rotor by radially providing the armature on a shaft, a disk made of a non-magnetic material having a center hole penetrating the shaft is provided on the shaft. 3. The permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, wherein an armature core wound with a coil is radially provided on a peripheral surface to reduce a volume of the armature core. And
[0010]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a permanent magnet type synchronous generator (hereinafter simply referred to as a “synchronous generator”) according to this embodiment is provided on an outer periphery of a shaft 2 provided at a central axis position inside an iron drum 1. The armature 4 is provided to form a rotor.
[0011]
The rotor is formed by providing a disk-shaped mounting bracket 3 made of a non-magnetic material and having a constant thickness through the shaft 2 at the center thereof, and providing each armature 4 on the circumferential surface of the mounting bracket 3. I have. Eight armatures 4 are radially attached to the mounting bracket 3 by mounting pins 5 at equal intervals. The armature 4 includes an armature core and an armature winding. The armature core is formed by laminating ultra-thin silicon steel sheets and winding an armature winding coil around the outer periphery.
[0012]
Each of the armatures 4 is divided into three in the axial direction of the shaft 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the poles of each of the armatures 4 are shifted by 5 degrees in the direction of rotation so that the first rotor A , A second rotor B, and a third rotor C. These first rotor A, second rotor B, and third rotor C are fixed to the same shaft 2 and rotate integrally.
[0013]
The first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C rotate, and the armature 4a of the first rotor A faces the segment magnet 6 on the inner peripheral wall of the drum 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, the armature 4b of the second rotor B is located at a position shifted from the segment magnet 6 by 5 degrees in the rotation direction, and the armature 4c of the third rotor C is shifted by 10 degrees from the segment magnet 6 in the rotation direction. It is out of position. At this time, the armature 4b of the second rotor B is in a state of attracting the segment magnet 6, the armature 4c of the third rotor C is in a state of attracting the segment magnet 6a adjacent to the segment magnet 6, and the armature 4b The positional relationship between the segment magnets 6 and the positional relationship between the armature 4c and the segment magnets 6a are the same.
[0014]
In this manner, the armatures 4a, 4b, and 4b of the first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C, which are divided into three with respect to the segment magnet 6 and the pole positions of the respective armatures are shifted in the rotation direction. By 4c, a force for attracting in a dispersed manner is generated, and the force for attracting the armature 4b to the segment magnet 6 and the force for attracting the armature 4c to the segment magnet 6a cancel each other, and the armature 4a attracts to the segment magnet 6. The force remains, and the attraction between each of the rotors A, B, and C and the segment magnet 6 is reduced to one third as compared with the case where the rotor is not divided, so that each of the rotors A, B, and C is in a state of being easily rotated. As a result, the rotating torque for rotating each of the rotors A, B, and C at the time of startup is reduced and compensated.
[0015]
On the inner peripheral wall surface of the drum 1, 24 elongated segment magnets 6 serving as field poles are provided in the circumferential direction and adhered along the side surface of the drum 1 by the magnetic force. The adjacent segment magnets 6, 6a and the like are arranged such that the surface facing the center of the drum 1 has different poles alternately with S poles and N poles. The lines of magnetic force of the segment magnets 6, 6a and the like extend inward of the drum 1 toward the adjacent segment magnets of different polarity as shown in FIG. 3 (indicated by arrows in FIG. 3).
[0016]
Here, the number of the armatures 4 and the number of the field poles are set to eight because, in order to promote generation of induced electromotive force in a relatively small generator, balance and efficiency for rotation are improved. This is the optimal value when considered. Further, since the field poles are alternately arranged with different poles, the number thereof is an even number, and the number is an integral multiple of the number of the armatures provided.
[0017]
Next, an example using the synchronous generator of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this synchronous generator, in addition to the first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C supported by the shaft 2, the drum 1 on which the segment magnet 6 as a field pole is also rotated. However, the rotors A, B, and C and the drum 1 are configured to rotate in opposite directions.
[0018]
In this synchronous generator, as shown in FIG. 4, a shaft for supporting the drum 1 has a double structure of an inner and an outer, and an outer shaft 2a has one side surface 1a of the drum 1 and a circumferential surface 1b. It is provided integrally, and the other side surface 1c of the drum 1 is a removable lid. Each armature 4 is radially provided on the circumferential surface of a disk-shaped mounting bracket 3 provided on the outer periphery of the inner shaft 2 to form a first rotor A, a second rotor B, and a third rotor C. The inner shaft 2 is supported at one end by a center hole formed in an outer shaft 2 a provided on one side surface 1 a in the drum 1, and the other end of the inner shaft 2 is Of the other side surface 1c is supported at a central bearing portion 1d.
[0019]
As described above, 24 elongated segment magnets 6 as field poles are provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the drum 1 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals along the side surface of the drum 1. I have.
[0020]
If the inner shaft 2 rotates clockwise by a separate power (not shown), the outer shaft 2a rotates counterclockwise. Accordingly, the radial armatures 4 of the first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C provided on the inner shaft 2 also rotate clockwise, and the segment magnet provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the outer shaft 2a. 6 rotates counterclockwise. As a result, twice as many rotations can be obtained as compared to a generator in which only one of the armature 4 and the field pole (segment magnet 6) rotates.
[0021]
The first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C rotate, and the armature 4a of the first rotor A faces the segment magnet 6 on the inner peripheral wall of the drum 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, the armature 4b of the second rotor B is located at a position shifted from the segment magnet 6 by 5 degrees in the rotation direction, and the armature 4c of the third rotor C is shifted by 10 degrees from the segment magnet 6 in the rotation direction. It is out of position. At this time, the armature 4b of the second rotor B is in a state of attracting the segment magnet 6, the armature 4c of the third rotor C is in a state of attracting the segment magnet 6a adjacent to the segment magnet 6, and the armature 4b The positional relationship between the segment magnets 6 and the positional relationship between the armature 4c and the segment magnets 6a are the same.
[0022]
In this manner, the armatures 4a, 4b, and 4b of the first rotor A, the second rotor B, and the third rotor C, which are divided into three with respect to the segment magnet 6 and the pole positions of the respective armatures are shifted in the rotation direction. By 4c, a force for attracting in a dispersed manner is generated, and the force for attracting the armature 4b to the segment magnet 6 and the force for attracting the armature 4c to the segment magnet 6a cancel each other, and the armature 4a attracts to the segment magnet 6. The force remains, and the attraction between each of the rotors A, B, and C and the segment magnet 6 is reduced to one third as compared with the case where the rotor is not divided, so that each of the rotors A, B, and C is in a state of being easily rotated. As a result, the rotating torque for rotating each of the rotors A, B, and C at the time of startup is reduced and compensated.
[0023]
In the embodiment of the above embodiment, the poles of the armatures of the rotors A, B, and C are provided so as to be shifted by 5 degrees in the rotation direction, but the width of the rotation in the rotation direction is not limited to this. . In addition, the number of armatures 4 provided on the mounting brackets 3 of the rotors A, B, and C was set to 8, and the number of segment magnets 6 was set to 24. There is no limitation. Further, the configuration is such that both the armature 4 and the field pole rotate, but these configurations are not essential requirements of the present invention. The non-magnetic mounting bracket 3 is not specifically illustrated, but may be aluminum or brass, and is not limited thereto.
[0024]
The magnetic drum 1 is made of iron, but the drum 1 is not limited to iron as long as it is a magnetic material. Further, the segment magnet 6 is used as a permanent magnet. Is not limited to the segment magnets 6, and since the drum 1 is a magnetic material, the lines of magnetic force coming out of the respective segment magnets 6 increase.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, a plurality of armatures are radially provided on the shaft at equal intervals inside the drum made of a magnetic material to form a rotor, and the rotor armature is connected to the shaft of the shaft. The rotor is divided into three phases to form three phases, the first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor, and the poles of each armature of each rotor are provided at positions shifted by a fixed distance in the rotation direction. For one permanent magnet, it is attracted to the armature of the pole which is divided into three and shifted in position. As a result, the attracting force is generated in a dispersed manner, so that the armature is easily rotated, and the rotating torque for rotating each armature at the time of starting is reduced and compensated. This eliminates the need for a large rotating torque at startup as in the case of the conventional permanent magnet type synchronous generator, and can be used more easily, greatly contributing to the expansion of applications of the permanent magnet type synchronous generator.
[0026]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the number of armatures of each rotor is set to 8 and the number of permanent magnets is set to 24. In addition to the above effects, in the case of a small generator, The balance of rotation is good, efficient and easy to rotate, which contributes to reduction of rotation torque. According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, the armature is radially provided on the shaft. Since the volume can be reduced and the iron loss at startup can be reduced, the rotational torque at startup can be further reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory side sectional view of a synchronous generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor in which an armature of a rotor is divided into three parts and poles of the armature are shifted by 5 degrees in a rotation direction in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of lines of magnetic force of a segment magnet provided adjacent to an inner peripheral wall of a drum in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a synchronous generator as an example of use in the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List A First rotor B Second rotor C Third rotor 1 Drum 2 Shaft 3 Mounting bracket 4 Armature 4a Armature of first rotor 4b Armature of second rotor 4c Armature of third rotor 6 Segment magnet

Claims (3)

In a permanent magnet type synchronous generator,
A plurality of armatures are radially provided at equal intervals on a shaft inside a drum made of a magnetic material to form a rotor, and permanent magnets of an integral multiple of the number of the armatures are provided on an inner peripheral wall of the drum in a circumferential direction. The armature of the rotor is divided into three in the axial direction of the shaft to form three phases of a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor, and the poles of each armature of each rotor are rotated. A permanent magnet type synchronous generator having a small torque at the time of starting, which is provided by being shifted by a predetermined distance in a direction. 2. The permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, wherein the number of armatures of each rotor is 8, and the number of permanent magnets is 24. 3. In order to form the rotor by providing the armature radially on the shaft, a disk made of a non-magnetic material having its center hole penetrated is provided on the shaft, and the coil is radially formed on the circumferential surface of the disk. The permanent magnet type synchronous generator according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein an armature core wound with (i) is provided to reduce the volume of the armature core.

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