JP2004031143A - Lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To resolve a problem in a lead-acid battery to be built in an apparatus wherein a positive plate expands when it is placed in a place with a high ambient temperature and it is continuously used even when its capacity is low. <P>SOLUTION: In a positive electrode grid body, a cross-sectional area of one part of a side part main rib is set smaller than a cross-sectional area of a side part main rib end part. By an effect of setting the cross-sectional area of the one part of the side part main rib at 50-70% of the cross-sectional area of the side part main rib end part, there is no problem in performance and production. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００３１】
このことから、側部親骨中央部２の断面積が側部親骨端部３の断面積よりも小である格子体を用いることで、前述した苛酷な条件下においても電槽異常の発生が防止できることがわかる。この効果は断面積の比を９０％にしただけで現れているから、正極板の横方向に余裕のある設計の電池に応用すれば、さらに有効と考えられる。
【００３２】
一方、側部親骨中央部２の断面積が側部親骨端部３の断面積の４０％になると、鋳造性が低下するため実用上は好ましくない。また、側部親骨中央部２の断面積が側部親骨端部３の断面積の８０％以上になると、電池の設計によっては電槽異常が発生するので、側部親骨中央部２の断面積を側部親骨端部３の断面積の５０〜７０％とするのが、コンパクトに設計された鉛蓄電池に対して好ましいと考えられる。
【００３３】
上記した実施の形態および実施例では、側部親骨１の一部を側部親骨中央部２としているが、これは、側部親骨中央部２に対応する電槽の面が圧迫されるのを防止するためであり、これ以外の電槽の面が圧迫されないように、その面に対応する任意の場所を、側部親骨端部３以外に選択することができる。
【００３４】
【発明の効果】
請求項１によれば、正極板中に保持する活物質量が減少して鉛蓄電池の特性が低下するといったことはなく、その鉛蓄電池は、寿命に達するまで、あるい寿命に達した後も機器に接続されていて、正極板に伸びが発生した場合でも、それによって電槽が圧迫されることはない。
【００３５】
請求項２、３によれば、前述した効果に加えて、その格子体に充填する活物質の量を増すことができる鉛蓄電池の実現が、格子体を鋳造する金型を変更するだけで実現できる。
【００３６】
請求項４によれば、コンパクトに設計された鉛蓄電池においても、正極板の伸びによる電槽の圧迫が軽減できる。
【００３７】
請求項５によれば、側部親骨の一部の幅を小さくすることにより、側部親骨の一部の断面積を側部親骨端部の断面積より小とした鉛蓄電池において、格子体に活物質を充填する際、活物質が極板外に漏れることがなく、使用中に極板の活物質が外部に脱落流出することもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る電池の正極格子体の実施例を示す平面図である。
【図２】本発明に係る電池の正極格子体の他の実施例を示す平面図である。
【図３】本発明に係る電池の正極格子体のさらに他の実施例を示す平面図である。
【図４】従来の正極格子体の形状を示す平面図である。
【符号の説明】
１　側部親骨
２　側部親骨中央部
３　側部親骨端部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a lead storage battery, and particularly to a shape of a grid used for a positive electrode.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A lead storage battery is used as an emergency backup power supply in communication equipment, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), and the like. As a method of using these devices, batteries are built into the equipment and used.Therefore, batteries are placed near components that generate a great deal of heat, such as transformers, or batteries are packed in narrow parts. As a result, circumstances such as an increase in the ambient temperature of the battery have been occurring.
[0003]
In addition, the lead storage battery used in such an application, when the discharge capacity is reduced and the predetermined discharge capacity cannot be obtained, the battery is not replaced even when the so-called life is reached, and thereafter, the battery is not replaced. May be used continuously.
[0004]
As described above, when the battery is used at a high temperature and is continuously connected to the device even after the end of its life, a normal backup function cannot be performed due to a failure to obtain a predetermined discharge capacity, or the battery is used as a positive electrode. In some cases, the positive electrode plate expands due to the grid body extending in the outer circumferential direction, and presses the battery case in the outer circumferential direction of the grid body.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The expansion of the positive electrode grid, which causes the expansion of the positive electrode plate, is due to the oxidative corrosion of the grid made of lead or its alloy, and as a countermeasure, various grid alloys have been studied and the corrosion resistance has been improved. However, since it is used under severe conditions that have not been hitherto used, improvement of corrosion resistance alone has not solved the problem.
[0006]
On the other hand, in order to suppress the elongation of the positive electrode grid, measures have been taken to change the thickness of the lateral small bones vertically and to make the thickness of the side ribs thicker than conventional ones. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the lateral small ribs and side ribs can slow the rate of degradation and elongation due to corrosion, but ultimately increases the elongation of the lattice, resulting in longer life, but the increased lattice elongation It has not solved the problem.
[0007]
In addition, by reducing the width of the positive electrode plate in the width direction, a method of increasing the distance between the inner wall of the battery case and the positive electrode plate to lengthen the time until the positive electrode plate comes into contact with the inner wall of the battery case, or the like. However, this method has a problem that the discharge capacity is reduced because the amount of the active material held in the positive electrode plate is reduced.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even if the battery is used until the end of its life and elongates in the outer peripheral direction of the positive electrode plate without deteriorating the characteristics of the battery, the battery case in that direction is not affected. An object of the present invention is to provide a lead storage battery that is suppressed from being deformed.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the lead storage battery of the present invention is provided with ribs on the upper, lower and side portions of the grid body of the positive electrode plate in claim 1, and a cross-sectional area of a part of the side ribs is determined by the side portion. The cross-sectional area is smaller than the end of the rib.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the lead-acid battery according to the first aspect, wherein a portion in which a cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is smaller than a cross-sectional area of an end of the side rib is provided between the two lateral ribs.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the lead storage battery according to the first aspect, wherein a portion between a minimum cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib and an end of the side rib is linear.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the lead-acid battery according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is 50 to 70% of a cross-sectional area of the side rib.
[0013]
In claim 5, the cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is made smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end of the side rib by reducing the width of a part of the side rib. 4 lead-acid battery.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0015]
The lead storage battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the battery case is opened, the interior is composed of a monoblock cell partitioned into a plurality of cell chambers, a pole group is inserted in the cell chamber, The electrode group is composed of a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate alternately stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, and the ears of the plurality of positive electrode plates or negative electrode plates are integrally connected by positive or negative electrode straps, respectively. Are connected between cells. Also, a positive electrode pole is provided so as to protrude in the direction of the opening from the positive electrode strap of the cell chamber at one end, and a negative electrode pole is provided in the direction of the opening from the negative electrode strap of the other end of the cell chamber. It is provided so as to protrude. The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are manufactured by using a grid made of lead and a lead alloy, and performing kneading, drying, and aging processes.
[0016]
A battery case lid is welded or bonded to the opening of the battery case. A battery case lid for closing an opening of the battery case is provided with a hole for inserting the positive electrode pole and the negative electrode pole, and an exhaust port serving also as a liquid inlet provided corresponding to the cell chamber. And The positive pole and the negative pole are inserted into the holes, respectively, to hermetically seal the holes, and the upper portions of the respective poles are formed as positive and negative terminals or connected by welding. The exhaust port also serving as the liquid inlet has a structure provided with an exhaust valve capable of discharging gas generated from the electrode group to the outside.
[0017]
In the positive electrode grid of the lead-acid battery described above, a semicircular notch is provided between the two lateral small bones 21 and 22 in the side rib center part 2 as a part of the side rib 1 in FIG. The cross-sectional area of the minimum cross-sectional area portion BB cross section (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the side rib end 3 along the line AA.
[0018]
In FIG. 2, by providing a notch of a horizontal V-shape between the two horizontal small bones 21 and 22, the cross-sectional area of the minimum cross-sectional area BB cross section (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) is reduced. It is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the AA cross section of the rib end 3.
[0019]
In FIG. 3, the portion between the minimum cross-sectional area BB of the central portion 2 of the side rib as a part of the side rib 1 and the portion AA of the end 3 of the side rib is linear. is there. In FIG. 3, the illustration of vertical and horizontal small bones surrounded by ribs is omitted.
[0020]
In each figure, reference numeral 4 denotes an upper rib, 5 denotes a lower rib, and 6 denotes an ear provided on the upper rib 4 and to be connected to a strap. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shape of the positive electrode grid of the present invention is different from the shape of the conventional positive electrode grid shown in FIG.
[0021]
Where the side ribs of the lattice are connected to the upper and lower ribs, they usually form a part of a circular arc called R (are omitted), and in that case, the uppermost and lowermost ends The cross-sectional area is often larger than the cross-sectional area of other parts. The side rib end of the present invention refers to the portion AA excluding this R.
[0022]
In order to reduce the cross-sectional area of the side rib, the width and / or thickness of the side rib may be reduced. If the thickness is the same and only the width is reduced, the active material does not leak out of the electrode plate when the grid is filled with the active material, which is advantageous in this respect.
[0023]
By using such a lattice body, the amount of active material held in the electrode plate does not decrease and the battery capacity does not decrease. Further, such a lattice body can be manufactured only by changing a mold for casting the lattice body.
[0024]
Furthermore, even if the battery is used until the end of its service life and the positive electrode plate expands, the cross-sectional area at the center of the grid body is smaller than that at the end, so the force pressing the battery case can be reduced. Alternatively, it is not necessary to make the width of the positive electrode plate extremely narrower than that in the battery case method to reduce the force for pressing the battery case. Further, there is no problem that the manufacturing process of the electrode plate becomes complicated, and there is no problem that the performance of the battery is lowered due to a decrease in the amount of the active material held in the electrode plate.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.
[0026]
Using a Pb-Ca-Sn-based alloy, in the lattice body having ribs of FIG. 1, the cross-sectional area of the side rib center part 2 is 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 of the cross-sectional area of the side rib rib end 3. , 80, 90, and 100% of each lattice body were produced by casting. At this time, 100%, 90%, and 80% of the lattices had good castability during casting. Similarly, the 70%, 60%, and 50% grids were more difficult to cast than the 100%, 90%, and 80% grids, but had no particular problems. However, at 40% of the lattice, castability was reduced. A 30% grid was almost impossible to cast.
[0027]
Using each of the above seven types of grids except for the 30% grid, a kneading, drying, and aging process is performed by a standard method to produce a positive electrode plate, and assemble 10 6-cell monoblock 12 V, 7 Ah batteries. Was. Using these seven types of lead-acid batteries (batteries Nos. 1 to 7), a trickle life test was performed under severe conditions, and the degree of occurrence of battery case abnormality (breakage of the battery case) was investigated.
[0028]
This trickle life test is an accelerated life test in which the charging temperature is 65 ° C., the battery is charged at a charging voltage of 2.275 V / cell for 2 weeks, and then the battery is discharged with a current of 3 CA to a final voltage of 1.4 V / cell. The cycle is repeated, and this cycle is repeated. The life is defined as the life when the discharge capacity up to the final voltage of 1.4 V / cell reaches 50% of that before the start of the test. In order to make the test assuming the following, the number of cycles twice as long as the life cycle was further continued. This test is based on the use conditions of the lead-acid battery as described above, and is a severe condition that can be said to be an abnormal use condition for the lead-acid battery.
[0029]
After the test, the state of the battery was examined. Battery No. having the same shape as the existing battery. In battery No. 1, battery No. In case 2, the cell was damaged in one cell. In addition, the battery No. In No. 3, slight cracking of the battery case was confirmed in one cell. Battery No. 4, no. 5, battery no. 6, battery no. In both cases, no battery case abnormality occurred. Table 1 summarizes the above results.
[0030]
[Table 1]

[0031]
Therefore, by using a lattice body in which the cross-sectional area of the central part 2 of the side rib is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end part 3 of the rib, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a battery case abnormality even under the aforementioned severe conditions. We can see that we can do it. Since this effect appears only when the cross-sectional area ratio is set to 90%, it is considered to be more effective if applied to a battery having a design having a margin in the lateral direction of the positive electrode plate.
[0032]
On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area of the side rib center part 2 is 40% of the cross-sectional area of the side rib end 3, the castability decreases, which is not practically preferable. If the cross-sectional area of the side rib center 2 becomes 80% or more of the cross-sectional area of the side rib end 3, a battery case abnormality may occur depending on the battery design. Is preferably 50 to 70% of the cross-sectional area of the side rib end 3 for a lead-acid battery designed to be compact.
[0033]
In the above-described embodiments and examples, a part of the side rib 1 is defined as the center part 2 of the side rib, but this is because the surface of the battery case corresponding to the center part 2 of the side rib is pressed. In order to prevent this, an arbitrary place corresponding to the surface of the battery case can be selected other than the side rib end 3 so that the surface of the battery case is not pressed.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect, the amount of the active material held in the positive electrode plate does not decrease and the characteristics of the lead storage battery do not deteriorate, and the lead storage battery reaches the end of its life or even after the end of its life. Even if it is connected to the device and the positive electrode plate is stretched, the battery case will not be squeezed thereby.
[0035]
According to claims 2 and 3, in addition to the above-described effects, the realization of a lead-acid battery capable of increasing the amount of the active material to be filled in the grid is realized only by changing the mold for casting the grid. it can.
[0036]
According to the fourth aspect, even in a lead-acid battery designed to be compact, the compression of the battery case due to the extension of the positive electrode plate can be reduced.
[0037]
According to claim 5, in a lead-acid battery in which the cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end of the rib, the width of a part of the rib is reduced. When the active material is filled, the active material does not leak out of the electrode plate, and the active material of the electrode plate does not fall out and flow out during use.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a positive electrode grid of a battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the positive electrode grid of the battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the positive electrode grid of the battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of a conventional positive electrode grid.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 side rib 2 center of side rib 3 end of rib

Claims (5)

A lead-acid battery comprising a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate alternately stacked with a separator interposed therebetween to form an electrode plate group, wherein the grid of the positive electrode plate has ribs on upper, lower and side portions, and has a rib. A lead-acid battery, wherein the cross-sectional area of a part of the rib is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end of the rib. The lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein a portion in which a cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is smaller than a cross-sectional area of an end of the side rib is provided between the two lateral ribs. 2. The lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein a portion between the minimum cross-sectional area portion of the side rib and an end of the side rib is linear. The lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is 50 to 70% of a cross-sectional area of an end of the side rib. 5. The cross-sectional area of a part of the side rib is smaller than the cross-sectional area of an end of the side rib by reducing a width of a part of the side rib. The lead storage battery according to the item.

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