JP2004030422A - Control method for machine tool equipped with rotary tool turret - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily generate an error-free machining program by eliminating the complicatedness of generation of the machining program as to a machine tool which is enabled to machine a slating plane on or a slanting hole in a work with a rotary tool on a tool turret rotating on a Y axis. <P>SOLUTION: A macro program (subroutine) which automatically computes the rotation angle θ of the tool turret 3 by using as arguments the angle A of a machined surface of the work, the fitting direction C of a tool 5 mounted on the tool turret 3, and the dividing direction M of the tool and converts the X direction and Z direction of coordinates after angle conversion as the tool turret rotates so as to feed the tool in the same direction irrelevantly to the rotating direction of the tool turret 3 is registered in an NC machine. The registered macro program is called with a specified G code to set coordinate axes after rotation and coordinate conversion of the tool turret 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention uses a machine tool provided with a tool turret that can rotate around a Y axis orthogonal to an axis in the main axis direction (Z axis) and an axis in a cutting feed direction of a tool orthogonal to the main axis (X axis). The present invention relates to a method for controlling a machine when processing a workpiece with a tool mounted on the tool turret.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams showing a state in which a work 2 gripped by a spindle chuck 1 is machined on an inclined surface in a lathe provided with a tool turret 3 that turns around a turning center axis 4 in the Y direction. It is. The tool turret 3 has a built-in drive mechanism for the rotating tool, and the rotation driving force is transmitted to the tools 5a and 5b indexed on the ZX plane. Since the tool turret 3 has an even number of tool mounting stations, two tools 5a and 5b mounted at left and right positions viewed from the front of the turret are located on the ZX plane. Become. 6 and 7 show a tool 5a mounted radially on the tool turret 3 and a tool 5b mounted axially via an angle holder 7, wherein the tools 5a and 5b are of the same type. (For example, a straight end mill), the turning angle θ of the tool turret 3 around the turning center axis 4 depending on the tool mounting direction (axial direction or radial direction) and indexing direction (right or left), desired processing , The offset value of the coordinate of the turning center axis 4 and the feed direction are different.
[0003]
For example, when the indexing central axis 8 of the tool turret 3 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the main axis (when the tool turret 3 comes to a position immediately below the pivoting central axis 4 in the figure), the turning angle θ is set to 0 °, and counterclockwise. Assuming that (counterclockwise) is + and clockwise (clockwise) is −, when machining the inclined surface of the workpiece 2 with the inclination angle A = 30 degrees, when machining with the radial tool 5a as shown in FIG. Since the turning angle θ of the tool turret is 60 degrees, the indexing direction of the turret is leftward, and the feed directions of the tool post 9 in the X and Z directions are coordinate-converted by the turning angle θ to become the direction shown in the drawing. The X direction is a direction parallel to the processing surface, and the Z direction is a cutting feed direction of the tool. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when machining is performed with the tool 5b in the axial direction, the turning angle θ of the tool turret 3 is −30 degrees, the index position of the turret is rightward, and the coordinate-transformed Z direction is used. Is the direction parallel to the processing surface, and the X direction is the cutting feed direction of the tool post.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A machine tool provided with a revolving tool turret has a feature that, by revolving the tool turret and accompanying conversion of ZX coordinates, a rotary tool can be used to machine an inclined plane or an inclined hole on a work. When performing such machining, the turning angle and the tool feed of the tool turret 3 are in the Z direction, always considering the tool mounting direction and the tool indexing direction, even when machining the same shape. The machining program must be created by judging whether the direction is the X direction or the X direction. Therefore, the operation of creating the machining program is very complicated, and there is a risk that machining errors and tool breakage due to program mistakes may occur.
[0005]
The present invention eliminates the complexity of creating a machining program in a machine tool that has a tool turret that pivots about the Y axis, thereby enabling machining of a flat surface or an inclined hole in a work. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to create a machining program without errors.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, the turning of the tool turret 3 is performed by giving as arguments the angle A of the processing surface of the workpiece, the mounting direction C of the tool 5 mounted on the tool turret 3, and the indexing direction M of the tool when performing the processing. The angle θ is automatically calculated, and the X and Z directions of the coordinates that have been angle-converted with the turning of the tool turret are determined so that the tool can be fed in the same direction regardless of the turning direction of the tool turret 3. The above problem is solved by registering a macro program (subroutine) to be converted in the NC device. The registered macro program is assigned with a specific G code, and is called by the G code and an argument following the G code, so that the turning of the tool turret 3 and the setting of coordinate axes after coordinate conversion are performed.
[0007]
If such a macro program is registered in the NC apparatus and the macro program is called when machining is performed using the tool mounted on the turning tool turret, the setting of the turning angle of the tool turret and the feed direction of the tool are determined in advance. The machining direction can be created without having to be aware of the tool mounting direction and indexing direction when creating the machining program, making it easy to create the program and reducing program errors. It can be prevented as much as possible.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 is a spindle chuck of a lathe, 2 is a work held by the chuck, 3 is a turning tool turret, and 4 is a turning center axis of the tool turret. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the tool turret 3 can turn right and left counterclockwise in a range of 90 degrees, with the center axis (turret indexing center axis) oriented in the direction perpendicular to the main axis as the origin. It is. That is, it is possible to turn from -90 degrees to +90 degrees, where the clockwise turning direction in the figure is-and the counterclockwise turning direction is +.
[0009]
When machining with a turning tool mounted on the tool turret 3, the machining is performed with the tool turret 3 at a position of -90 degrees as shown in FIGS. In view of this, the offset amounts Z0 and X0 of the cutting edge 6 of the tool 5 mounted on the tool turret 3 (the deviation amounts from the tool cutting edge 6 to the turning center axis 4) Z0 and X0 are the respective tools loaded with values at θ = −90 degrees. Each is registered in advance. The offset value at an arbitrary turning angle θ can be obtained by converting this registered value using a trigonometric function. Therefore, when the tool number and the turning angle θ of the tool turret 3 are specified, the conversion formula is obtained. The calculated offset values in the X and Z directions are recorded in a predetermined memory area of the NC device. When machining the work, the position of the tool tip is converted into the position of the turning center axis 4 using the temporarily recorded offset value.
[0010]
Further, the NC device is provided with a coordinate angle converting means for turning the ZX coordinate axis around the origin, and the coordinate conversion accompanying the turning of the tool turret 3 about the turning center axis 4 is performed using the coordinate angle converting means. be able to.
[0011]
Then, the macro program shown in FIG. 5 is registered in the NC device, and an appropriate G code is assigned. The macro program is provided with the angle A of the work surface of the workpiece, the tool mounting direction C, and the tool indexing direction M during processing as arguments. That is, when the assigned G code is Gxx, this macro program is called by the code GxxACM. The argument A specifies the angle of the work surface of the workpiece with respect to the main axis, the argument C specifies whether the tool mounting direction is the radial direction or the axial direction, and the argument M specifies the tool indexing direction during machining as viewed from the front of the turret 3. Right or left direction is specified.
[0012]
The macro program first converts the offset value set at θ = −90 degrees into a value at θ = 0 degrees, and determines the tool index for each of the case where the tool mounting direction C is the radial direction and the case where the tool mounting direction C is the axial direction. The processing branches depending on whether the direction is right or left.
[0013]
If C is the radial direction and M is the left, the turret turning angle is set to 90-A degrees, the ZX coordinates corresponding to this turning angle are converted, and the program returns to the called program. The coordinate axes for moving and positioning the tool turret are set in the direction shown by the solid line in FIG. If the turning angle to be set exceeds 90 degrees, an alarm is output and the machine is temporarily stopped.
[0014]
When C is the radial direction and M is right, the turret turning angle is set to -90-A degrees, the angle conversion of ZX coordinates corresponding to this turning angle is performed, and the directions of the X axis and Z axis of the coordinate axes are performed. And return to the called program. The coordinate axes for moving and positioning the tool turret are changed from the direction shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 2 to the direction shown by the solid line. If the turning angle to be set exceeds -90 degrees, an alarm is output and the machine is temporarily stopped.
[0015]
When C is in the axial direction and M is on the left, the turret turning angle is set to -A degrees, the angle conversion of ZX coordinates corresponding to this turning angle is performed, the X axis of the coordinate axes is set as the Z axis, and the Z axis is set as the Z axis. To the X axis in the reverse direction, and return to the called program. The coordinate axis for moving and positioning the tool turret is changed from the direction indicated by the imaginary line in FIG. 3 to the direction indicated by the solid line. If the turning angle to be set exceeds 90 degrees, an alarm is output and the machine is temporarily stopped.
[0016]
When C is in the axial direction and M is to the right, the turret turning angle is set to -A degrees, the angle conversion of ZX coordinates corresponding to this turning angle is performed, the X axis is set to the Z axis, and the Z axis is inverted. The direction is converted to the X axis, and the program returns to the called program. The coordinate axis for moving and positioning the tool turret is changed from the direction indicated by the imaginary line in FIG. 4 to the direction indicated by the solid line. If the turning angle to be set exceeds -90 degrees, an alarm is output and the machine is temporarily stopped.
[0017]
If such a macro program is registered in the NC unit and called by a predetermined G code, when machining the inclined surface of the work, the G code is called to turn the turning tool turret and the associated coordinate axis. Angle conversion is automatically set, and the conversion of the coordinate axis direction is also automatically performed according to the tool direction and indexing direction given by the arguments. Instead, the same machining can be performed by the same machining program. Therefore, even when the tool mounting direction or indexing direction is changed, it is only necessary to change the argument of the macro program calling code in the machining program. Since it is not necessary to change the program in consideration of the output direction, the creation of the program is facilitated and the occurrence of a program error can be prevented.
[0018]
In the illustrated embodiment, the direction toward the main axis along the inclined surface to be machined is defined as the positive direction of X after conversion, and the direction away from the main axis is defined as the positive direction of Z, but these directions are arbitrarily determined. be able to. In short, the coordinates may be set in the macro program so that the Z and X directions are the same direction regardless of the tool mounting direction and the indexing direction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first state of processing an inclined surface. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second state of processing an inclined surface. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a third state of processing an inclined surface. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth state of processing an inclined surface. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing processing of a macro program. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a first state of conventional means for processing an inclined surface. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a second state of the conventional means for processing an inclined surface. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing setting of offset values of each tool.
3 Tool turret 5 Tool

Claims (1)

The turning angle of the tool turret is calculated and set using the angle of the processing surface of the workpiece, the mounting direction of the tool (5) mounted on the tool turret (3), and the indexing direction of the tool when performing the processing, as arguments. A macro program for converting the coordinate direction is registered in the NC device so that the same feed is given to the tool irrespective of the mounting direction and the indexing direction of the tool (5) with the same position command, and the turning tool is registered. A method for controlling a machine tool provided with a turning tool turret, in which the macro program is called to perform machining when machining a sloped surface of a workpiece with a tool mounted on the turret.

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