JP2004019105A

JP2004019105A - Roof structure

Info

Publication number: JP2004019105A
Application number: JP2002171060A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Shigekiyo Tsuge; 柘植　茂清
Original assignee: KIKKONA KK
Current assignee: KIKKONA KK
Priority date: 2002-06-12
Filing date: 2002-06-12
Publication date: 2004-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-12
Also published as: JP3926682B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roof structure free from any defect in heat insulation. <P>SOLUTION: In a laminated material 1 adhering a heat insulating material 3 consisting of a plastic foam to the upper surface of a plate 2, a rafter groove 4 is provided on a predetermined place of the heat insulating material 3, a supplementary heat insulating material 5 having the same width as that of the rafter groove 4 and thinner than the depth of the rafter groove 4 is fitted in the rafter groove 4, a rafter 6 having the same width as that of the rafter groove 4 is fitted in the rafter groove 4 from above thereof, the laminated material 1 is mounted on roof structural bodies 7 and 8 to fix to the roof structural bodies 7 and 8 at a position of the rafter 6 with a clamping material 9, and a sheathing roof board 10 is mounted on the rafter 6 and is fixed. Accordingly, the defect in heat insulation in part of the rafter 6 is supplemented with the supplementary heat insulating material 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は建築物の屋根構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来は、図１１および図１２に示すように、断熱材（２３）を上下の板材（２２，２２）　で挟んだ積層材（２１）を棟木、母屋、横架材等の屋根構造体（２８）に釘（２９）によって固定していた。そして屋根の荷重を支えるために、断熱材（２３）を切欠き、該切欠き部分に木枠（２６）を挿入して補強していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の構成では、積層材（２１）内に木枠（２６）を挿入するために断熱材（２３）に切欠き部分を設けなければならず、この部分で屋根の断熱に欠陥が生じること、また木枠（２６）を挿入した積層材（２１）は重量が大であり、屋根の構築には重機を必要とすること等の問題点があった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するための手段として、板材（２）　上面にプラスチック発泡体からなる断熱材（３）　を接着した積層材（１）　において、該断熱材（３）　の所定個所には垂木溝（４）　を設け、該垂木溝（４）　内には該垂木溝（４）　と同巾でかつ該垂木溝（４）　の深さよりも薄い補充断熱材（５）　を嵌め込み、その上から該垂木溝（４）　に該垂木溝（４）　と同巾の垂木（６）　を嵌め込み、上記積層材（１）　を屋根構造体（７，８）　上に乗架して該垂木（６）　の位置で、該屋根構造体（７，８）　に締結材（９）　で固定し、該垂木（６）　上に野地板（１０）を乗架し固定した屋根構造を提供するものである。該垂木（６）　上部は垂木溝（４）　から突出しており、したがって該断熱材（３）　と該野地板（１０）との間には通気間隙（１１）が形成され、更に軒先にあっては該垂木（６）　を該積層材（１）　から突出させて該通気間隙（１１）に通ずる通気口（１３）を形成することが好ましい。
【０００５】
【作用】
本発明の積層材（１）　にあっては、断熱材（３）　の所定個所に設けた垂木溝（４）　内に該垂木溝（４）　と同巾でかつ該垂木溝（４）　よりも薄い補充断熱材（５）　を嵌め込んだ上で該垂木溝（４）　に垂木（６）　を嵌め込むので、断熱材（３）　を欠く部分（断熱欠陥部分）がなくなる。
【０００６】
また該垂木（６）　の上部を該垂木溝（４）　から突出させれば、断熱材（３）　と野地板（１０）との間には通気間隙（１１）が形成され、更に軒先にあっては垂木（６）　を該積層材（１）　から突出させて該通気間隙（１１）に通ずる通気口（１３）を形成すれば、該通気口（１３）を介して外気が該通気間隙（１１）に連通し出入する。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態実施】
本発明を図１〜図１０に示す一実施例によって説明すれば、積層材（１）　において、（２）　は合板、ハードボード、パーチクルボード、単板等からなる板材であり、該板材（２）　の上面には断熱材（３）　が接着される。該断熱材（３）　はポリスチレン発泡体、ポリエチレン発泡体、ポリプロピレン発泡体、フェノール樹脂発泡体、メラミン樹脂発泡体等のプラスチック発泡体からなり、図２に示すように所定個所には垂木溝（４）　が設けられている。図３に示すように該積層材（１）　の垂木溝（４）　内には、該垂木溝（４）　の深さｄ（断熱材（３）　の厚さ）よりも薄い厚みｔ（ｄ＞ｔ）の補充断熱材（５）　が嵌め込まれる。該垂木溝（４）　の深さｄと該補充断熱材（５）　の厚みｔとの差ｄ−ｔは通常５〜５０ｍｍに設定される。
【０００８】
図４に示すように該積層材（１）　の垂木溝（４）　内には補充断熱材（５）　の上から垂木溝（４）　と同巾の垂木（６）　が嵌め込まれる。そして該積層材（１）　は図５に示すように該垂木（６）　の個所で棟木（７）　、母屋（８）　、あるいは横架材等の屋根構造体上に釘（９）　、ビス、金具等の締結材によって固定される。
【０００９】
このようにして屋根構造体（７，８）　上に固定された積層材（１）　の垂木（６）　上には野地板（１０）が乗架され釘等で固定され、該野地板（１０）上には図示しない屋根材が敷設され、屋根が構築される。このような屋根構造では垂木（６）　上部が断熱材（３）　の垂木溝（４）　から突出しているから、野地板（１０）と積層材（１）　の断熱材（３）　との間には通気間隙（１１）が形成される。該垂木（６）　上部の突出量、即ち通気間隙（１１）の巾Ｗは通常１０〜４０ｍｍに設定される。そして該屋根構造の軒先部分において、図６に示すように該垂木（６）　を該積層材（１）　よりも突出させ、即ち該垂木（６）　よりも該積層材（１）　を短くし、該垂木（６）　先端に取付けた鼻隠し（１２）と積層材（１）　との間に該通気間隙（１１）に通ずる通気口（１３）を形成する。該垂木（６）　の突出量即ち通気口（１３）の巾Ｌは１０ｍｍ以上に設定する。
【００１０】
このように本実施例の屋根構造は断熱材（３）　および補充断熱材（５）　によって断熱欠陥なく全面的に断熱され、更に通気間隙（１１）内の空気が通気口（１３）を介して出入するので、該屋根構造の断熱性は非常に高くなる。なお図６に示すように該屋根構造には同様な積層材（１）　を使用した壁構造が接続される。また断熱欠陥があっても差支えない屋根部分にあっては、該補充断熱材（５）　を積層材（１）　の垂木溝（４）　内に嵌め込むことなく、直接垂木（６）　を嵌め込んでもよい。
【００１１】
屋根構造が図８に示す切妻構造や図９に示す寄せ棟構造の場合には棟境界部分や寄せ棟境界部分の積層材（１Ａ，１Ｂ）　を台形、三角形等所定形状に切断するが、本発明の積層材（１）　は切断加工が容易である。
【００１２】
図１０に示すように野地板（１０）がスチール製で庇（１４）が出ている場合は、熱橋の形成を防止するために外壁材に使用する積層材（１）　の上端でＬ型に組合わせる。
【００１３】
【発明の効果】
本発明では断熱欠陥部のない屋根構造を提供することが出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図１〜図１０は本発明の一実施例を示すものである。
【図１】積層材平面図
【図２】図１におけるＡ−Ａ断面図
【図３】垂木構内に補充断熱材を嵌め込んだ状態のＡ−Ａ断面図
【図４】その上から垂木を嵌め込んだ状態のＡ−Ａ断面図
【図５】積層材を屋根構造体上に取付けた状態の側断面図
【図６】垂木上に野地板を取付けた状態の側断面図
【図７】垂木上に野地板を取付けた状態の縦断面図
【図８】切妻構造の屋根の平面図
【図９】寄棟構造の屋根の平面図
【図１０】スチール製野地板の場合の庇部分側断面図
図１１〜図１２は従来例を示すものである。
【図１１】側断面図
【図１２】屋根構造体に取付けた状態の側断面図
【符号の説明】
１　　　　　　　積層材
２　　　　　　　板材
３　　　　　　　断熱材
４　　　　　　　垂木溝
５　　　　　　　補充断熱材
６　　　　　　　垂木
７，８　　　　　屋根構造体
９　　　　　　　締結材
１０　　　　　　野地板
１１　　　通気間隙
１３　　　　　　通気口[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a roof structure of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a laminated material (21) in which a heat insulating material (23) is sandwiched between upper and lower plates (22, 22) is used as a roof structure (28) such as a purlin, a purlin, and a horizontal member. ) Was fixed by nails (29). Then, in order to support the load on the roof, the heat insulating material (23) is cut out, and a wooden frame (26) is inserted into the cutout to reinforce the cutout.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional configuration, a cutout portion must be provided in the heat insulating material (23) in order to insert the wooden frame (26) into the laminated material (21). Moreover, the laminated material (21) in which the wooden frame (26) is inserted has a large weight, and there is a problem that a heavy machine is required for the construction of the roof.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problem, a laminated material (1) in which a heat insulating material (3) made of a plastic foam is adhered to an upper surface of a plate (2), a predetermined portion of the heat insulating material (3) is used. Is provided with a rafter groove (4), and a supplementary heat insulating material (5) having the same width as the rafter groove (4) and smaller than the depth of the rafter groove (4) is fitted into the rafter groove (4). From above, a rafter (6) having the same width as the rafter groove (4) is fitted into the rafter groove (4), and the laminated material (1) is mounted on the roof structure (7, 8) and At the position of (6), the roof structure (7, 8) is fixed to the roof structure (7, 8) with a fastening material (9), and a roof board (10) is mounted on the rafter (6) to provide a fixed roof structure. It is. The upper part of the rafter (6) protrudes from the rafter groove (4), so that a ventilation gap (11) is formed between the heat insulating material (3) and the base plate (10), Preferably, the rafter (6) is projected from the laminated material (1) to form a ventilation port (13) communicating with the ventilation gap (11).
[0005]
[Action]
According to the laminated material (1) of the present invention, the rafter groove (4) provided at a predetermined position of the heat insulating material (3) has the same width as the rafter groove (4) and is smaller than the rafter groove (4). Since the rafter (6) is fitted into the rafter groove (4) after the thin supplementary heat insulating material (5) is fitted, a portion lacking the heat insulating material (3) (insulation defect portion) is eliminated.
[0006]
Also, if the upper part of the rafter (6) is protruded from the rafter groove (4), a ventilation gap (11) is formed between the heat insulating material (3) and the base plate (10), and furthermore, it is located at the eaves tip. If the rafter (6) is made to protrude from the laminated material (1) to form a vent (13) communicating with the ventilation gap (11), the outside air passes through the ventilation gap (13) through the ventilation opening (13). 11) Communicate in and out.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10. In the laminated material (1), (2) is a plate material made of a plywood, a hard board, a particle board, a veneer or the like. A heat insulating material (3) is adhered to the upper surface of the substrate. The heat insulating material (3) is made of a plastic foam such as a polystyrene foam, a polyethylene foam, a polypropylene foam, a phenol resin foam, a melamine resin foam, etc., and as shown in FIG. ) Is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, in the rafter groove (4) of the laminated material (1), a thickness t (d>) smaller than the depth d (the thickness of the heat insulating material (3)) of the rafter groove (4). The supplementary heat insulating material (5) of t) is fitted. The difference dt between the depth d of the rafter groove 4 and the thickness t of the supplementary heat insulating material 5 is usually set to 5 to 50 mm.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 4, a rafter (6) having the same width as the rafter groove (4) is fitted into the rafter groove (4) of the laminated material (1) from above the supplementary heat insulating material (5). As shown in FIG. 5, the laminated material (1) is attached to the roof structure such as a purlin (7), a purlin (8) or a horizontal member at the place of the rafter (6) by nails (9), screws, It is fixed by a fastener such as a metal fitting.
[0009]
In this manner, a base plate (10) is mounted on the rafter (6) of the laminated material (1) fixed on the roof structure (7, 8) and fixed with nails or the like. ) A roof material (not shown) is laid on the top to construct a roof. In such a roof structure, since the upper part of the rafter (6) protrudes from the rafter groove (4) of the heat insulating material (3), there is a space between the base plate (10) and the heat insulating material (3) of the laminated material (1). Has a ventilation gap (11). The protrusion amount of the upper part of the rafter (6), that is, the width W of the ventilation gap (11) is usually set to 10 to 40 mm. In the eaves portion of the roof structure, as shown in FIG. 6, the rafter (6) is made to protrude from the laminated material (1), that is, the laminated material (1) is made shorter than the rafter (6). A vent (13) is formed between the rasp (6) attached to the tip of the rafter (6) and the laminated material (1) to communicate with the ventilation gap (11). The amount of protrusion of the rafter (6), that is, the width L of the vent (13) is set to 10 mm or more.
[0010]
As described above, the roof structure of the present embodiment is completely insulated without the heat insulation defect by the heat insulating material (3) and the supplementary heat insulating material (5), and the air in the ventilation gap (11) is passed through the ventilation port (13). As it enters and exits, the thermal insulation of the roof structure is very high. As shown in FIG. 6, a wall structure using a similar laminated material (1) is connected to the roof structure. In addition, in the roof part where there is no problem even if there is an insulation defect, the rafter (6) is directly fitted without fitting the supplementary heat insulator (5) into the rafter groove (4) of the laminated material (1). May be.
[0011]
When the roof structure is the gable structure shown in Fig. 8 or the ridge structure shown in Fig. 9, the laminated material (1A, 1B) at the ridge boundary portion or the ridge boundary portion is cut into a predetermined shape such as a trapezoid or a triangle. The laminated material (1) of the invention is easy to cut.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 10, when the base plate (10) is made of steel and the eaves (14) are protruding, an L-shaped member is formed at the upper end of the laminated material (1) used for the outer wall material to prevent the formation of a thermal bridge. Combine with.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a roof structure without a heat insulation defect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a laminated material. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of AA in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of AA in a state where a supplementary heat insulating material is fitted in a rafter yard. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in a fitted state. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a laminated material is mounted on a roof structure. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state where a base plate is mounted on a rafter. Longitudinal cross-section of the roof with rafters attached. [Fig. 8] Top view of gable roof. [Fig. 9] Top view of ridged roof. [Fig. 10] Eaves side in case of steel base plate. FIGS. 11 to 12 show a conventional example.
FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view. FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional view of a state in which it is attached to a roof structure.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 laminated material 2 plate material 3 heat insulating material 4 rafter groove 5 supplementary heat insulating material 6 rafters 7,8 roof structure 9 fastening material 10 field board 11 ventilation gap 13 vent

Claims

In a laminated material in which a heat insulating material made of a plastic foam is adhered to the upper surface of a plate material, a rafter groove is provided at a predetermined position of the heat insulating material, and the rafter groove has the same width as the rafter groove in the rafter groove. Also, a thin supplementary heat insulating material is fitted, a rafter having the same width as the rafter groove is fitted into the rafter groove from above, and the laminated material is mounted on the roof structure, and the roof material is mounted on the roof structure at the position of the rafter. A roof structure fixed with a fastening material, and a field board is mounted and fixed on the rafter.

The upper part of the rafter protrudes from the rafter groove, so that a ventilation gap is formed between the heat insulating material and the field board, and further at the eaves, the rafter protrudes from the laminated material to form a gap in the ventilation gap. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation hole is formed.