JP2004011830A - Roller bearing and fan motor using it - Google Patents

Roller bearing and fan motor using it Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004011830A
JP2004011830A JP2002168195A JP2002168195A JP2004011830A JP 2004011830 A JP2004011830 A JP 2004011830A JP 2002168195 A JP2002168195 A JP 2002168195A JP 2002168195 A JP2002168195 A JP 2002168195A JP 2004011830 A JP2004011830 A JP 2004011830A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rolling
pocket
grease
cage
retainer
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Pending
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JP2002168195A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhisa Terada
寺田 康久
Kenji Takei
武井 健治
Michiharu Naka
中 道治
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to JP2002168195A priority Critical patent/JP2004011830A/en
Publication of JP2004011830A publication Critical patent/JP2004011830A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6633Grease properties or compositions, e.g. rheological properties
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38Ball cages
    • F16C33/41Ball cages comb-shaped
    • F16C33/418Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or ball retaining means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/46Gap sizes or clearances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38Ball cages
    • F16C33/41Ball cages comb-shaped
    • F16C33/412Massive or moulded comb cages, e.g. snap ball cages
    • F16C33/414Massive or moulded comb cages, e.g. snap ball cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock comb cages
    • F16C33/416Massive or moulded comb cages, e.g. snap ball cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock comb cages made from plastic, e.g. injection moulded comb cages

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller bearing capable of reducing a retainer noise even in a low temperature milieu by clarifying the relationship of the retainer noise with the clearance between a pocket of a retainer and a rolling element and the amount of a thickening agent. <P>SOLUTION: The roller bearing is provided with an outer ring provided with a rolling track on an inner perimeter, an inner ring provided with a rolling track on an outer perimeter, a plurality of rolling elements arranged between each rolling track of the inner ring and the outer ring, and the retainer having a plurality of pockets rotatably securing the rolling elements and shaped of resin and lubricated with grease. Using grease with 20 mass percentage of a thickening agent, the radial clearance ratio is set to 0≤δrDa≤0.09, and the axial clearance ratio to 0≤δa/Da≤0.06. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、グリースにより潤滑される転がり軸受であり、特にファンモータに用いられる転がり軸受に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
掃除機や洗濯機、コタツ等の家電製品、家庭用や自動車用のエアコンディショナ、温風ヒータ、空気清浄機、分煙機等の空調製品、給湯器、パーソナルコンピュータや測定器等に用いられる軸にファンがついたモータ(以下、ファンモータという。)には、樹脂製の保持器を有する転がり軸受が多く用いられている。
【0003】
また、ファンモータに用いられる転がり軸受は、一般に転動体である玉の直径Daと保持器のポケットのポケット面と転動体の転動面との間に設けた軸方向隙間δaとの軸方向隙間比δa/Daを0.08程度、半径方向隙間δrとの半径方向隙間比δr/Daを0.1程度に設定したものであり、潤滑材としては基油にリチウム石鹸系またはジウレア系の増ちょう剤を添加したグリースが使用される。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような従来の転がり軸受においては、低温度環境下で使用された場合にグリースの基油粘度が上昇し、転動体とポケットの隙間に粘度の高い基油が不規則に流入する結果、転動体と保持器が衝突することによる衝突音(以下、保持器音という。)が発生しやすいという問題がある。
【0005】
また、グリースの基油を半固体状にするための増ちょう剤の量が多いと低温時にグリースが固化しやすく流動性が低下して保持器音が更に発生しやすくなるという問題がある。
一方、ファンモータの中で特にエアコンディショナ等の空調製品のファンモータに使用される転がり軸受は、低温環境下の保持器音が僅かなものであってもその低減が要望されるようになってきている。
【0006】
また、電気製品の省エネルギに対する要求が強まっており、転がり軸受には駆動トルクの低減が期待されている。
そこで、本発明は、保持器のポケットと転動体の隙間とグリースの増ちょう剤の量と保持器音との関係を明らかにすることによって、低温環境下であっても保持器音の低減を図ることができる転がり軸受を実現することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、内周面に転動軌道を設けた外輪と、外周面に転動軌道を設けた内輪と、前記外輪と内輪のそれぞれの転動軌道の間に配設された複数の転動体と、該転動体を転動自在に係止する複数のポケットを有し、樹脂材料で成形された保持器とを備え、グリースにより潤滑される転がり軸受において、増ちょう剤の量が20質量パーセント以下であるグリースを用い、前記転動体の直径をDaとし、前記ポケットのポケット面と前記転動体の転動面との間の半径方向隙間をδr、軸方向隙間をδaとして、前記保持器のポケットの形状が、半径方向隙間比δr/Daが0≦δr/Da≦0.09であり、軸方向隙間比δa/Daが0≦δa/Da≦0.06であることを特徴とする。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、図面を参照して本発明による転がり軸受の実施の形態について説明する。
図1は本発明の実施の形態を示す半断面図、図2は本発明の保持器を示す斜視図である。
【0009】
図1において、1は転がり軸受であり、グリースにより潤滑される。
2は外輪であり、その内周面に転がり軸受1の転動軌道が設けられている。
3は内輪であり、その外周面に転がり軸受1の転動軌道が設けられている。
4は保持器であり、樹脂材料を射出成形により成形した図2に示すような円環状の部材である。
【0010】
5は転動体としての玉であり、互いの接触を防止する保持器4に係止されて所定のピッチで複数個設けられ、外輪2に設けられた転動軌道とこれに対向する内輪3に設けられた転動軌道との間に転動自在に配設されている。
6はシール部材として密封板であり、玉5の両側に設けられ外輪2の内周面に嵌合して固定され内輪3の外周面に隣接し、外部からの塵芥や泥水の浸入を防止すると共に潤滑材としてのグリースを外輪2と内輪3の間の空間7に封止する。
【0011】
なお、図1に示す矢印Aは転がり軸受1の軸方向を、矢印Rは転がり軸受1の半径方向を示す。
図2において、11はポケットであり、保持器4の円周方向に所定のピッチで複数個設けられており、球面に成形されたポケット面12が形成され、これによって玉5を転動自在に係止する。
【0012】
13は開口部であり、ポケット11の軸方向の一方の側に設けられ、玉5の直径Daより僅かに小さい開口を有しており、玉5をポケット11に挿入する場合の入口となると共に、玉5の挿入後はポケット11からの玉5の脱落を防止するためのストッパの機能を発揮する。
14は保持器柱であり、隣り合うポケット11の間に設けられ、玉5同士が接触しないための隔壁となる。
【0013】
15は爪部であり、開口部13の両側に設けられ、玉5をポケット11へ挿入する際に樹脂材料の弾性を利用しやすいよう略円弧状に成形される。
上記の構成の作用について説明する。
本実施の形態では、内輪3の内周面が図示しないシャフトと嵌合し連動して回転する。外輪2は図示しないハウジング等に固定されている。
【0014】
シャフトが回転する場合は、保持器4に係止され、外輪2と内輪3の転動軌道の間に配置された玉5がそれぞれの転動軌道上をグリースに潤滑されて転動し、固定された外輪2によってシャフトを回転自在に支持する。
この時、外輪2と内輪3の間の空間7に密封板6によって封止されているグリースが、保持器4のポケット11に挿入されている玉5とポケット面12の間に形成されている隙間に入り込み、玉5の転動面とポケット面12の間をその潤滑作用によって潤滑してシャフトを円滑に回転させる。
【0015】
低温環境下においては、グリースの基油粘度が上昇して保持器4のポケット11のポケット面12と玉5の転動面の間の隙間にグリースが不規則に流入し、これによって玉5が保持器4と衝突して保持器4の振動を励起する現象が起こり保持器音を発生させ、増ちょう剤の量が多いと低温環境下でこの傾向が更に強くなる。
【0016】
従って、保持器の振動を抑えて保持器音を低減させるためには、軸方向隙間δaおよび半径方向隙間δrを狭くすることが有効と考えられるが、増ちょう剤の量が多いグリースを低温環境下で使用すると、グリースの粘度の上昇により狭い隙間への潤滑剤の流入が阻害され、潤滑不良の発生に伴う駆動トルクの増大や保持器のポケットの磨耗、保持器音の早期上昇等が懸念される。
【0017】
このため、低温時におけるグリースの増ちょう剤の量と玉5の転動面とポケット面12の軸方向隙間δaと半径方向隙間δrが転がり軸受1の保持器音に及ぼす影響を調べる実験を行った。
なお、軸方向隙間δaおよび半径方向隙間δrはそれぞれ直径隙間とし、実験結果に一般性を持たせるために、玉5の直径Daとの比として無次元数として軸方向隙間比δa/Daおよび半径方向隙間比δr/Daを用いて整理した。
【0018】
実験は、半径方向隙間比が0≦δr/Da≦0.09、軸方向隙間比が0≦δa/Da≦0.06のISOで設定されている呼び番号608(外径φ22、内径φ8)の転がり軸受を用い、外輪2を静止輪、内輪3を回転輪として雰囲気温度0℃および20℃、回転速度1800rpmの実験条件によって行い、そのときの保持器音を評価した。
【0019】
また、保持器音の評価は、各種の基油の流動点と40℃における動粘度を有するグリースを用いて転がり軸受の保持器音を評価し、保持器音の発生が無いものを○、小さいものを△、大きいものを×として判定した。
このようにして実験した増ちょう剤の量の多少による保持器音の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 2004011830
表1に示すように、雰囲気温度が20℃の場合は、各種のグリースにおいて増ちょう剤の量が25質量パーセント(以下、mass%という。)以下であれば保持器音が発生せずに良好な回転運動を行うことができるが、雰囲気温度が0℃の場合は、各種グリースの増ちょう剤の量が20mass%以下のときのみ保持器音が発生せずに良好な回転運動を行うことができることが判る。
【0021】
また、転がり軸受1の保持器音は、リチウム石鹸等の増ちょう剤の種類には関係せず、増ちょう剤の量によって一義的にその大小が判定されることも同時に判明した。
以上説明したように、本実施の形態においては、0℃等の低温環境下であっても、増ちょう剤の量が20mass%以下のグリースを用い、半径方向隙間比が0≦δr/Da≦0.09、軸方向隙間比が0≦δa/Da≦0.06の転がり軸受によって、保持器音の判定結果で保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受を得ることができる。
【0022】
上記ように、グリースの増ちょう剤の量が20mass%以下のグリースを用いることによって、転がり軸受の保持器4のポケット11と玉5の軸方向隙間や半径方向隙間を一定の条件で狭く設定すれば保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受を得ることができるが、グリースには他の性状として基油の動粘度があり、同じ増ちょう剤の量であっても異なった動粘度を有するグリースが存在する。
【0023】
このため、グリースの基油の動粘度と軸方向隙間比δa/Daと半径方向隙間比δr/Daが転がり軸受1の保持器音に及ぼす影響を調べる実験、および軸方向隙間比δa/Daが転がり軸受1の駆動トルクに及ぼす影響を調べる実験を行った。
実験は、半径方向隙間比が0≦δr/Da≦0.09のISOの呼び番号608の転がり軸受を用い、外輪2を静止輪、内輪3を回転輪として雰囲気温度0℃、回転速度1800rpmの実験条件によって行い、そのときの保持器音を評価した。
【0024】
また、保持器音の評価は、グリースの40℃における基油の動粘度を10〜40、40〜90、90〜160mm/secの3つのグループに分け、ポケット11内の玉5の軸方向隙間のレベル毎に各5個の転がり軸受の保持器音を評価し、保持器音の発生が無いものを○、小さいものを△、大きいものを×として判定した。
【0025】
なお、実験に用いたグリースは、増ちょう剤の量が20mass%以下のグリースである。
このようにして実験した保持器音の評価結果を表2に示す。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 2004011830
表2に示すように、グリースの基油動粘度毎に保持器音が発生しない領域が存在することが判る。
すなわち、グリースの40℃における基油の動粘度が10〜40mm/secのとき、軸方向隙間比δa/Da=0.06以下の領域、基油動粘度が10〜90mm/secのとき軸方向隙間比δa/Da=0.05以下の領域、基油動粘度が10〜160mm/secのとき軸方向隙間比δa/Da=0.025以下の領域が保持器音の判定結果で保持器音が発生しない領域となった。
【0027】
なお、転がり軸受1に使用するグリースは、リチウム石鹸系等のグリースの種類には関係せず、基油動粘度によって一義的に保持器音の大小が判定されることも同時に判明した。
また、グリースの基油は単一の種類の基油に限らず、複数の基油を混合しても、複数の基油を混入させても、混合後または混入後に発揮される複合したグリースの基油の動粘度を上記グリースの動粘度として用いれば同様の評価結果を得ることができる。
【0028】
次に、上記と同様の実験条件で軸方向隙間比δa/Daと転がり軸受1の駆動トルクとの関係を求めた。この結果を図3に示す。
図3に示すように、転がり軸受1の駆動トルクは軸方向隙間比δa/Daが0よりも小さくなると急激に上昇し、δa/Daが0以上であれば通常の転がり軸受と同等の駆動トルクであることが判る。
【0029】
これによって、増ちょう剤の量が20mass%以下のグリースを用い、半径方向隙間比が0≦δr/Da≦0.09の転がり軸受において、軸方向隙間比0≦δa/Daを、グリースの40℃における基油の動粘度が10〜40mm/secのとき軸方向隙間比が0≦δa/Da≦0.06の領域。
もしくは、基油動粘度が10〜90mm/secのとき軸方向隙間比が0≦δa/Da≦0.05の領域。
【0030】
もしくは、基油動粘度が10〜160mm/secのとき軸方向隙間比が0≦δa/Da≦0.025の領域に設定することによって、極低温環境下での保持器音の発生がなく、かつ低温環境下において転がり軸受の駆動トルクを増加させることなく、保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受を得ることができる。
以上のように、転がり軸受の保持器4のポケット11と玉5の隙間を狭くすることによって低温環境下において保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受を得ることができる。
【0031】
しかし、上記のような玉5とポケット面12の間に非常に狭い隙間を設けたポケット11の形状(以下、対策ポケット形状という。)を全てのポケット11に設けるためには、ポケット11の軸方向位置や半径方向位置およびポケット11の形状を精度よく加工する必要があり、特に樹脂材料で成形される樹脂製の保持器4においては、成形に用いる金型の精度を向上させる必要があり、金型の製作が困難であるため、金型の製作者の労力が増大すると共にその製作のための費用が増大する。
【0032】
そこで、必要な対策ポケット形状の数を求めるため、対策ポケット形状の数による保持器音の低減効果を評価する実験を行った。
実験は、従来の保持器4に対策ポケット形状を円周方向に略等配に点在させて形成し、上記と同様の実験条件によって保持器音を上記と同様にして判定し評価した。その評価結果を表3に示す。
【0033】
なお、本実験に用いた保持器4のポケット11は7個所に設けられている。
【0034】
【表3】
Figure 2004011830
表3に示すように、対策ポケット形状が少なくとも3箇所あれば保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受を得ることができる。
これによって、対策ポケット形状を保持器の円周方向に略等配に少なくとも3箇所設ければ、保持器音が発生しない転がり軸受とすることができ、樹脂製の保持器を成形する金型の製作が容易となり、金型の製作者の労力を軽減すると共に金型の製作費用を低減することができる。
【0035】
上述したように、本発明の転がり軸受は、特に低温環境下において低騒音を期待されているファンモータに適用した場合に顕著な効果を発揮する。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明は、グリースの増ちょう剤の量と軸方向隙間比δa/Daと半径方向隙間比δr/Daの関係により転がり軸受の保持器の形状を設定することによって、低温環境下であっても保持器音を低減した転がり軸受を得ることができるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態を示す半断面図
【図2】本発明の保持器を示す斜視図
【図3】軸方向隙間と駆動トルクの関係を示すグラフ
【符号の説明】
1  転がり軸受
2  外輪
3  内輪
4  保持器
5  玉
6  密封板
7  空間
11 ポケット
12 ポケット面
13 開口部
14 保持器柱
15 爪部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rolling bearing lubricated by grease, and particularly to a rolling bearing used for a fan motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Used for home appliances such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines, kotatsu, etc., air conditioners for home and automobiles, air conditioning products such as hot air heaters, air purifiers, smoke separators, water heaters, personal computers, measuring instruments, etc. 2. Description of the Related Art Rolling bearings having a resin retainer are often used in motors having a fan attached to a shaft (hereinafter referred to as fan motors).
[0003]
Further, the rolling bearing used for the fan motor generally has an axial gap between a diameter Da of a ball as a rolling element and an axial gap δa provided between a pocket surface of a cage pocket and a rolling surface of the rolling element. The ratio δa / Da is set to about 0.08 and the ratio of the radial gap δr / Da to the radial gap δr is set to about 0.1. As a lubricant, a lithium soap-based or diurea-based base oil is used. Grease to which a thickener is added is used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional rolling bearing, when used in a low temperature environment, the base oil viscosity of the grease increases, and the base oil having a high viscosity flows irregularly into the gap between the rolling element and the pocket. However, there is a problem that a collision sound (hereinafter referred to as a cage sound) due to a collision between the rolling element and the cage is likely to be generated.
[0005]
Further, if the amount of the thickener for converting the base oil of the grease into a semi-solid state is large, the grease tends to solidify at a low temperature, the fluidity is reduced, and the retainer noise is more likely to be generated.
On the other hand, among the fan motors, rolling bearings used especially for fan motors of air conditioning products such as air conditioners are required to reduce cage noise even in a low-temperature environment even if the noise is slight. Is coming.
[0006]
In addition, the demand for energy saving of electric products is increasing, and a reduction in driving torque is expected for rolling bearings.
Accordingly, the present invention clarifies the relationship between the cage pocket and the clearance between the rolling elements, the amount of the grease thickener, and the cage noise, thereby reducing the cage noise even in a low-temperature environment. An object is to realize a rolling bearing that can be achieved.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, in order to solve the above problems, an outer ring provided with a rolling track on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring provided with a rolling track on the outer peripheral surface, and between each rolling track of the outer ring and the inner ring. A rolling bearing lubricated with grease, comprising a plurality of rolling elements provided, a plurality of pockets for rollingly locking the rolling elements, and a retainer formed of a resin material. Grease having an amount of the thickener of 20% by mass or less is used, the diameter of the rolling element is set to Da, the radial gap between the pocket surface of the pocket and the rolling face of the rolling element is δr, and the axial gap is Δa, the shape of the pocket of the cage is such that the radial gap ratio δr / Da is 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09, and the axial gap ratio δa / Da is 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06. It is characterized by being.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a half sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a retainer of the present invention.
[0009]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rolling bearing, which is lubricated by grease.
Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer ring, on the inner peripheral surface of which a rolling track of the rolling bearing 1 is provided.
Reference numeral 3 denotes an inner ring on which a rolling track of the rolling bearing 1 is provided.
Reference numeral 4 denotes an annular member formed by injection molding a resin material as shown in FIG.
[0010]
Numerals 5 are balls as rolling elements. The balls 5 are locked by retainers 4 for preventing contact with each other, are provided in plural at a predetermined pitch, and are provided on rolling races provided on the outer race 2 and the inner race 3 opposed thereto. It is arranged to be able to roll freely between the provided rolling tracks.
Reference numeral 6 denotes a sealing plate as a sealing member, which is provided on both sides of the ball 5 and is fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 to prevent intrusion of dust and mud from outside. At the same time, grease as a lubricant is sealed in a space 7 between the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3.
[0011]
The arrow A shown in FIG. 1 indicates the axial direction of the rolling bearing 1, and the arrow R indicates the radial direction of the rolling bearing 1.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes a pocket, and a plurality of pockets are provided at a predetermined pitch in a circumferential direction of the retainer 4, and a pocket surface 12 formed into a spherical surface is formed. Lock.
[0012]
An opening 13 is provided on one side of the pocket 11 in the axial direction, has an opening slightly smaller than the diameter Da of the ball 5, and serves as an entrance when the ball 5 is inserted into the pocket 11. After the ball 5 is inserted, the ball 5 functions as a stopper for preventing the ball 5 from dropping out of the pocket 11.
Reference numeral 14 denotes a retainer pillar, which is provided between adjacent pockets 11 and serves as a partition wall for preventing the balls 5 from contacting each other.
[0013]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a claw portion, which is provided on both sides of the opening 13 and is formed into a substantially arc shape so that the elasticity of the resin material can be easily used when the ball 5 is inserted into the pocket 11.
The operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 is fitted to a shaft (not shown) and rotates in conjunction therewith. The outer ring 2 is fixed to a housing or the like (not shown).
[0014]
When the shaft rotates, it is locked by the retainer 4, and the balls 5 arranged between the rolling races of the outer ring 2 and the inner race 3 are lubricated by grease on the respective rolling races and roll and fix. The outer ring 2 supports the shaft rotatably.
At this time, grease sealed in the space 7 between the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 by the sealing plate 6 is formed between the ball 5 inserted into the pocket 11 of the retainer 4 and the pocket surface 12. By entering the gap, the space between the rolling surface of the ball 5 and the pocket surface 12 is lubricated by the lubricating action to rotate the shaft smoothly.
[0015]
In a low temperature environment, the base oil viscosity of the grease increases, and grease flows irregularly into the gap between the pocket surface 12 of the pocket 11 of the retainer 4 and the rolling surface of the ball 5, whereby the ball 5 A phenomenon of colliding with the cage 4 to excite the vibration of the cage 4 occurs and generates a cage sound. When the amount of the thickener is large, this tendency is further enhanced in a low temperature environment.
[0016]
Therefore, in order to suppress cage vibration and reduce cage noise, it is considered effective to narrow the axial gap δa and the radial gap δr. However, grease having a large amount of the thickener is subjected to low temperature environment. When used below, the increase in the viscosity of grease hinders the flow of lubricant into narrow gaps, which may lead to an increase in drive torque, wear of cage pockets, and early rise of cage noise due to poor lubrication. Is done.
[0017]
For this reason, an experiment was conducted to examine the effect of the amount of the thickener of the grease at low temperature and the axial gap δa and the radial gap δr between the rolling surface of the ball 5 and the pocket surface 12 on the cage sound of the rolling bearing 1. Was.
The axial gap δa and the radial gap δr are each a diameter gap, and in order to give generality to the experimental results, the axial gap ratio δa / Da and the radius are expressed as a dimensionless number as a ratio with the diameter Da of the ball 5. It was arranged using the direction gap ratio δr / Da.
[0018]
In the experiment, an identification number 608 (outer diameter φ22, inner diameter φ8) is set by ISO having a radial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09 and an axial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06. The outer ring 2 was a stationary wheel, the inner ring 3 was a rotating wheel, and the cage sound was evaluated under the experimental conditions of 0 ° C. and 20 ° C. at an ambient temperature of 1800 rpm at a rotational speed of 1800 rpm.
[0019]
In addition, the cage sound was evaluated by using a grease having a pour point of various base oils and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. to evaluate the cage sound of the rolling bearing. Those were evaluated as △, and the larger ones as X.
Table 1 shows the results of the evaluation of the retainer sound depending on the amount of the thickener thus experimented.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004011830
As shown in Table 1, when the ambient temperature is 20 ° C., if the amount of the thickener in each grease is 25% by mass or less (hereinafter referred to as “mass%”), no cage noise is generated. However, when the ambient temperature is 0 ° C, good rotational movement can be performed without generating cage noise only when the amount of thickener of various greases is 20 mass% or less. You can see what you can do.
[0021]
It was also found that the cage sound of the rolling bearing 1 was not related to the type of the thickener such as lithium soap and the magnitude thereof was uniquely determined by the amount of the thickener.
As described above, in the present embodiment, even in a low-temperature environment such as 0 ° C., grease having a thickener amount of 20 mass% or less is used, and a radial gap ratio is 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ With the rolling bearing having 0.09 and the axial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06, it is possible to obtain a rolling bearing that does not generate cage noise in the cage sound determination result.
[0022]
As described above, by using grease having an amount of thickener of 20 mass% or less, the axial gap and the radial gap between the pocket 11 of the cage 4 of the rolling bearing and the ball 5 are set to be narrow under certain conditions. Rolling bearings that do not generate cage noise can be obtained, but grease has a kinematic viscosity of base oil as another property, and there are greases with different kinematic viscosities even with the same amount of thickener. I do.
[0023]
For this reason, an experiment for examining the effects of the kinematic viscosity of the grease base oil, the axial gap ratio δa / Da and the radial gap ratio δr / Da on the retainer sound of the rolling bearing 1, and the axial gap ratio δa / Da An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of the rolling bearing 1 on the driving torque.
The experiment was conducted using an ISO bearing number 608 rolling bearing having a radial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09, using the outer ring 2 as a stationary wheel and the inner ring 3 as a rotating wheel at an ambient temperature of 0 ° C. and a rotating speed of 1800 rpm. The experiment was performed under experimental conditions, and the cage sound at that time was evaluated.
[0024]
The cage sound was evaluated by dividing the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 ° C. of the grease into three groups of 10 to 40, 40 to 90, and 90 to 160 mm 2 / sec. The cage sound of each of the five rolling bearings was evaluated for each gap level, and a case where no cage sound was generated was judged as ○, a small case as Δ, and a large case as x.
[0025]
The grease used in the experiment is a grease having a thickener amount of 20 mass% or less.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the cage sound conducted in this manner.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004011830
As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that there is a region where no cage noise is generated for each grease base oil kinematic viscosity.
That is, when the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 ° C. of the grease is 10 to 40 mm 2 / sec, the axial gap ratio δa / Da = 0.06 or less, and the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is 10 to 90 mm 2 / sec. The region where the axial gap ratio δa / Da = 0.05 or less, and the region where the axial gap ratio δa / Da = 0.025 or less when the base oil kinematic viscosity is 10 to 160 mm 2 / sec are the cage sound determination results. This is an area where cage sound does not occur.
[0027]
The grease used for the rolling bearing 1 was not related to the type of grease such as lithium soap, and it was also found that the magnitude of the retainer sound was uniquely determined by the kinematic viscosity of the base oil.
In addition, the base oil of grease is not limited to a single type of base oil. Similar evaluation results can be obtained by using the kinematic viscosity of the base oil as the kinematic viscosity of the grease.
[0028]
Next, the relationship between the axial gap ratio δa / Da and the driving torque of the rolling bearing 1 was determined under the same experimental conditions as described above. The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the driving torque of the rolling bearing 1 rapidly increases when the axial gap ratio δa / Da becomes smaller than 0, and when δa / Da is 0 or more, the driving torque is the same as that of a normal rolling bearing. It turns out that it is.
[0029]
Thus, in a rolling bearing having a thickening agent amount of 20 mass% or less and a radial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09, the axial gap ratio of 0 ≦ δa / Da is reduced by 40 grease. When the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 10 ° C. is 10 to 40 mm 2 / sec, the axial gap ratio is in the range of 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06.
Alternatively, a region where the axial gap ratio is 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.05 when the base oil kinematic viscosity is 10 to 90 mm 2 / sec.
[0030]
Alternatively, when the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is 10 to 160 mm 2 / sec, by setting the axial gap ratio in the range of 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.025, no cage noise is generated in an extremely low temperature environment. Further, it is possible to obtain a rolling bearing that does not generate cage noise without increasing the driving torque of the rolling bearing in a low-temperature environment.
As described above, by reducing the gap between the ball 11 and the pocket 11 of the cage 4 of the rolling bearing, a rolling bearing that does not generate cage noise in a low-temperature environment can be obtained.
[0031]
However, in order to provide the shape of the pocket 11 in which a very narrow gap is provided between the ball 5 and the pocket surface 12 as described above (hereinafter referred to as a countermeasure pocket shape) in all the pockets 11, the axis of the pocket 11 is required. It is necessary to accurately process the directional position, the radial position, and the shape of the pocket 11, and in particular, in the case of a resin cage 4 formed of a resin material, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of a mold used for molding. The difficulty in manufacturing the mold increases the labor of the mold maker and increases the cost for its manufacture.
[0032]
Therefore, in order to find the number of required countermeasure pocket shapes, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of reducing cage noise by the number of countermeasure pocket shapes.
In the experiment, the countermeasure pocket shapes were formed in the conventional cage 4 so as to be scattered substantially equally in the circumferential direction, and the cage sound was determined and evaluated in the same manner as above under the same experimental conditions as above. Table 3 shows the evaluation results.
[0033]
The pockets 11 of the retainer 4 used in this experiment are provided at seven locations.
[0034]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004011830
As shown in Table 3, if there are at least three countermeasure pocket shapes, a rolling bearing that does not generate cage noise can be obtained.
By providing the countermeasure pockets in at least three places in the circumferential direction of the cage at substantially equal intervals, a rolling bearing that does not generate cage noise can be provided, and a mold for molding a resin cage can be provided. The production becomes easy, the labor of the mold maker can be reduced, and the production cost of the mold can be reduced.
[0035]
As described above, the rolling bearing of the present invention exerts a remarkable effect particularly when applied to a fan motor which is expected to generate low noise in a low-temperature environment.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides a low-temperature bearing by setting the shape of the cage of the rolling bearing based on the relationship between the amount of the thickener of the grease and the axial gap ratio δa / Da and the radial gap ratio δr / Da. An effect is obtained that a rolling bearing with reduced cage noise can be obtained even in an environment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a half sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a retainer of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between an axial gap and a driving torque.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rolling bearing 2 Outer ring 3 Inner ring 4 Cage 5 Ball 6 Sealing plate 7 Space 11 Pocket 12 Pocket surface 13 Opening 14 Cage pillar 15 Claw

Claims (4)

内周面に転動軌道を設けた外輪と、外周面に転動軌道を設けた内輪と、前記外輪と内輪のそれぞれの転動軌道の間に配設された複数の転動体と、該転動体を転動自在に係止する複数のポケットを有し、樹脂材料で成形された保持器とを備え、グリースにより潤滑される転がり軸受において、
増ちょう剤の量が20質量パーセント以下であるグリースを用い、
前記転動体の直径をDaとし、前記ポケットのポケット面と前記転動体の転動面との間の半径方向隙間をδr、軸方向隙間をδaとして、
前記保持器のポケットの形状が、半径方向隙間比δr/Daが0≦δr/Da≦0.09であり、軸方向隙間比δa/Daが0≦δa/Da≦0.06であることを特徴とする転がり軸受。
An outer ring provided with a rolling track on an inner peripheral surface, an inner ring provided with a rolling track on an outer peripheral surface, a plurality of rolling elements disposed between respective rolling tracks of the outer ring and the inner ring; In a rolling bearing having a plurality of pockets for rollingly locking the moving body, comprising a cage formed of a resin material, and being lubricated by grease,
Using a grease in which the amount of the thickener is 20% by mass or less,
The diameter of the rolling element is Da, the radial gap between the pocket surface of the pocket and the rolling surface of the rolling element is δr, and the axial gap is δa,
The shape of the pocket of the retainer is such that the radial gap ratio δr / Da is 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09 and the axial gap ratio δa / Da is 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06. Rolling bearing characterized.
請求項1において、
前記保持器のポケットの形状が、略等配に少なくとも3箇所に形成されていることを特徴とする転がり軸受。
In claim 1,
A rolling bearing, wherein the shape of the pocket of the cage is formed in at least three places at substantially equal intervals.
内周面に転動軌道を設けた外輪と、外周面に転動軌道を設けた内輪と、前記外輪と内輪のそれぞれの転動軌道の間に配設された複数の転動体と、該転動体を転動自在に係止する複数のポケットを有し、樹脂材料で成形された保持器とを備え、グリースにより潤滑される転がり軸受を用いたファンモータにおいて、
増ちょう剤の量が20質量パーセント以下であるグリースを用い、
前記転動体の直径をDaとし、前記ポケットのポケット面と前記転動体の転動面との間の半径方向隙間をδr、軸方向隙間をδaとして、
前記保持器のポケットの形状が、半径方向隙間比δr/Daが0≦δr/Da≦0.09であり、軸方向隙間比δa/Daが0≦δa/Da≦0.06であることを特徴とする転がり軸受を用いたファンモータ。
An outer ring provided with a rolling track on an inner peripheral surface, an inner ring provided with a rolling track on an outer peripheral surface, a plurality of rolling elements disposed between respective rolling tracks of the outer ring and the inner ring; In a fan motor using a rolling bearing lubricated by grease, having a plurality of pockets for rollingly locking the moving body, including a cage formed of a resin material,
Using a grease in which the amount of the thickener is 20% by mass or less,
The diameter of the rolling element is Da, the radial gap between the pocket surface of the pocket and the rolling surface of the rolling element is δr, and the axial gap is δa,
The shape of the pocket of the retainer is such that the radial gap ratio δr / Da is 0 ≦ δr / Da ≦ 0.09 and the axial gap ratio δa / Da is 0 ≦ δa / Da ≦ 0.06. A fan motor that uses rolling bearings.
請求項1において、
前記保持器のポケットの形状が、略等配に少なくとも3箇所に形成されていることを特徴とする転がり軸受を用いたファンモータ。
In claim 1,
A fan motor using a rolling bearing, wherein pockets of the retainer are formed in at least three places at substantially equal intervals.
JP2002168195A 2002-06-10 2002-06-10 Roller bearing and fan motor using it Pending JP2004011830A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012141064A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-07-26 Nsk Ltd Ball bearing and supporting structure

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JP2000346080A (en) * 1999-06-01 2000-12-12 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
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JPH1180766A (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-03-26 Kao Corp Grease base oil
JPH11182553A (en) * 1997-12-24 1999-07-06 Nippon Seiko Kk Rolling bearing
JPH11344036A (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-14 Nippon Seiko Kk Rolling bearing
JP2000120700A (en) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-25 Nsk Ltd Ball bearing for motor of electric vacuum cleaner
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012141064A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-07-26 Nsk Ltd Ball bearing and supporting structure

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