JP2004008979A - Water cleaning apparatus using titanium oxide photocatalyst - Google Patents

Water cleaning apparatus using titanium oxide photocatalyst Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004008979A
JP2004008979A JP2002168002A JP2002168002A JP2004008979A JP 2004008979 A JP2004008979 A JP 2004008979A JP 2002168002 A JP2002168002 A JP 2002168002A JP 2002168002 A JP2002168002 A JP 2002168002A JP 2004008979 A JP2004008979 A JP 2004008979A
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Prior art keywords
water
water supply
purifier
tank
supply tank
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JP2002168002A
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Japanese (ja)
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Kiyozumi Shirakawa
白川  清純
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DAIDO MACHINES CO Ltd
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DAIDO MACHINES CO Ltd
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Priority to JP2002168002A priority Critical patent/JP2004008979A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning apparatus using a titanium oxide photocatalyst convenient to use. <P>SOLUTION: The water cleaning apparatus is equipped with a water supply tank A, which is equipped with a supply means 1 and a water supply means 2, and a cleaner C wherein a container 3 permitting ultraviolet rays to transmit filled with a photocatalyst sheet which is formed by fusing the titanium oxide photocatalyst to a nonwoven fabric by flame spraying. The lower part (inflow side) of the cleaner C and the water supply tank A are connected by an inflow pipe 5 provided with a circulating pump 7 while the upper part (outflow side) of the cleaner C and the water supply tank A are connected by an outflow pipe 6. The water of the water supply tank A is sent into the cleaner C by driving the circulating pump 7 and cleaned to be circulated to the water supply tank A. Cleaned water obtained by cleaning the water of the water supply tank A is supplied for use in drinking. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、水道水等の飲料用水に混入した有機質性の夾雑物等の有害物質を、酸化チタン光触媒反応を利用して除去する水質浄化装置に関し、特に、水道水等の飲料水を溜めて利用する給水タンクや給湯タンク等の水質浄化を図る循環型の水質浄化装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
飲料用として供される水道水は、通常、厚生省による水道水の水質基準により安全性の確保が図られているが、今日行われている標準的な浄化処理では、源水中に存在している難分解性有機物等の有害性物質を完全に除去できない状況である。浄水処理では、通常、各種微生物の殺菌のための塩素注入と、各種有害化合物の酸化分解のためのオゾン注入が行われているが、それらが水中の水生微生物とフミン質と反応することによって、発ガン性物質として知られているトリハロメタンとアルデヒド類等の副産物を生成することになり、飲用水の安全性を脅かしているのが実情である。
【0003】
現在の浄水処理場では、各種汚染物質の効果的な除去のため、一般的な浄水処理工程のほかに、オゾンと粒状活性炭を用いる高度浄水処理が行われている。しかし、このような高度浄水処理の工程は、多額の設備費と維持管理費を要するばかりでなく、それによっても、殺菌目的で注入された塩素により発生した発ガン性物質と、オゾン処理により生成された消素副産物は殆ど除去されることなく、一般家庭等に供給されている。また、塩素の注入は、これが水道水中に含まれるアンモニアと反応して刺激の強いカルキ臭を発生させることにもなっている。
【0004】
水道水は、浄水処理場から一般家庭等の需要者に供給される間にも汚染される。すなわち、水道水は管路を経ることにより、鉛管による鉛の溶出や、鉄管の腐食にともなう赤水の発生等の二次汚染がある。また、マンション等では屋上に給水タンクを設置し、給水タンクより各家庭に給水しているが、給水タンクで水が停滞する死水域において水質が悪化したり、藻が発生したりする。
【0005】
また、飲料用水として安全でおいしい水を得るため、家庭内等で浄水器の使用が増えている。日本水道協会認定の浄水器は、活性炭または活性炭と他のろ材を組み合せた水処理器具である。しかし、活性炭は、吸着能力は優れているが、通水時間の経過とともに吸着場所が埋まってしまい、除去能力が低下するので、活性炭のカートリッジを時々交換する必要がある。また、活性炭は、塩素を分解、除去する作用があるため、細菌は死滅せず、細菌汚染原因をなすことになり、この点が問題視されている。また、中空糸膜という特殊フィルターを組み込んだものもあるが、これも、細菌の通過を完全に阻止することはできない。また、浄化器内に溜まった細菌は、何日も浄化器を使わないと増殖するという問題もある。したがって、現在の水道水の浄化処理方法では、飲料水として十分な安全性が得られない状況である。
【0006】
そこで、近年は、浄化処理工程で生成された汚染物質や増殖した細菌等を、酸化チタンを光触媒として使用する光化学処理によって分解し、殺菌する方法が開発されてきた。この方法としては、各種提案されているが、酸化チタンの使用方法としては、主として、酸化チタンの粉末または固定担体等に酸化チタンをコーティングする等の方法が採られている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
粉末状酸化チタンを使用する方法では、これを水に懸濁させて水中の汚染物質を処理するが、酸化チタンの粉末の微粒子は比表面積が広いので汚染物質との触媒機会が多く、処理効率が高いが、再利用するための回収装置が別途必要で、設備費が高価となるとともに、維持、管理が面倒である等の問題がある。
【0008】
また、固定担体やペレット等にコーティングを施して使用する方法では、分離回収には困難はないが、汚染物質との接触面積が少ないので、有害物質の除去効率が非常に低いとともに、コーティングを施した担体等のすべてに光を到達させることが難しく、光触媒の活性が低下するものが多くなり、汚染物質の分触効率がより低下するという問題がある。
【0009】
本発明は、上記従来の問題点を解決するためになされたもので、汚染物質との接触面積が大で有害物質の除去効率が高く、しかも柔軟性に富むシート状酸化チタン担体を使用し、光触媒の活性化が十分行われ、維持、管理が容易で、特に、給水タンクや給湯タンク、ソーラーシステム、家庭の飲料水用として適した、循環型の水質浄化装置を新規に提供しようとするものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、基本的に、飲用のために供する水道水またはその温水、沸騰水を使用するための給水タンクと、光触媒シートを紫外線を透過する容器内に収容した浄化器とを、循環ポンプを備えた循環管路で接続し、給水タンク内の水を浄化器を通して循環させ、光触媒反応により除菌、殺菌、脱臭及び汚染物質の分解除去を行なうものである。
【0011】
光触媒シートは、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等の不繊布に、酸化チタン光触媒をバインダーなしで溶射し、不繊布の繊維に酸化チタン光触媒を溶着して、形成する。それにより、汚染物質との接触面積が大であり、しかも、柔軟性があり加工性がよいとともに洗浄可能な光触媒シートが得られる。
【0012】
給水タンク内の水は、貯留タンクと浄化器とを循環し、光触媒による酸化、還元作用により、水中に含まれる有機質性の夾雑物の分解、除去、除菌、殺菌及び脱臭が行われるとともに、水分子の細分化が行われ、給水タンク内の水の浄化が図られることになる。
【0013】
浄化器中の光触媒シートへは、太陽紫外線または発光素子で発生した紫外線を外部より照射して、酸化チタン光触媒反応を持続させる。紫外線を照射する手段としては、浄化器を太陽光の当る屋外等に設置して使用する場合は、太陽光自体を照射源とし、他に特別の紫外線の照射手段を設けなくてもよい。また、浄化器を、太陽光の到達しにくい屋内等に設置して使用する場合は、浄化器に隣接して、浄化器内の光触媒シートに紫外線を照射する手段を設置する。
【0014】
また、本発明では、浄水処理する、浄化タンクと浄化器を組み合せたものと、その浄水を溜めて使用する給水タンクを設置し、浄化タンク内の水を所要時間浄化処理した後、その浄水を逐次給水タンクに送入、貯留し、その貯留水を飲用水として使用できるようにすることができる。この場合、浄水タンクと給水タンクを別々に設置してもよく、また、それら両タンクを単一槽内を区切って設けるようにしてもよい。
【0015】
また、本発明では、給水タンクと浄化器を組み合せたものを複数設置し、各組をバッチ式浄化装置として交互に使用するようにすることができる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について添付の図面を参照して説明する。図1、図2は、本発明の第1の実施態様を示し、図3、図4は同第2の実施態様を示し、図5、図6は同第3の実施態様を示したものである。
【0017】
まず、本発明の基本的な第1の実施態様について説明する。図1において、Aは、家庭用あるいは事業用として飲用水(水道水)、またはその湯水等を貯留して供給するための給水タンクで、球形あるいは横型、竪型等の筒状に形成されており、その上部には水道水等原水の供給管1が接続され、また下部には需要先に送られる給水管2が接続されている。
【0018】
Cは、給水タンクA内の水を光触媒反応を利用して浄化するための浄化器で、紫外線を透過する材料で竪型の筒状に形成した容器3の上端に着脱可能の蓋4が取り付けられており、その一側(下部)は上記給水タンクAの下部と流入管5により接続され、また、その他側(上部)は給水タンクAの上部と流出管6により接続されている。流入管5には循環ポンプ7が設けられ、循環ポンプ7の作動によって、給水タンクA内の水が浄化器Cに送り込まれ、そして給水タンクAへと循環されるようになっている。
【0019】
浄化器Cの容器3内には、その下部と上部に、水中に混入している夾雑物を補足するためのフィルター部材8が配置され、それら両フィルター部材8,8間には、光触媒の充填層9が設けられている。光触媒には、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等の不繊布に酸化チタン光触媒をバインダーなしに溶射により溶着した光触媒シートを使用する。そして、この光触媒シートは、例えば、帯状のシートを巻き重ね状にして充填し、あるいは、容器3内の断面形に沿う形に裁断したシート片を積み重ねて充填される。
【0020】
上記の装置において、水道水等の原水は、供給管1より給水タンクAに流入して溜められ、使用水は、供給管2より家庭等の水道の蛇口より放出される。通常は、給水タンクA内はほぼ満水状態とされ、水の使用量に応じて給水タンクA内へは原水が供給等1より随時補給されるようになっている。
【0022】
他方、給水タンクA内に溜められた水は、循環ポンプ7の駆動により、給水タンクAの下部から流入管5より浄化器Cの容器3の一側である下部へと送り込まれ、容器3内を上昇してその上端(他側)より流出管6を通って給水タンクAの上部へと流通し、給水タンクA→流入管7→容器3→流出管6→給水タンクAと循環を繰り返すことになる。
【0023】
そして、給水タンクAより容器3へと循環する水は、容器3内を通過する際、フィルター8により夾雑物がろ過されるとともに、充填された光触媒シートの酸化チタン光触媒反応によって有機物の分解、除菌、殺菌、脱臭処理され、その処理水が給水タンクAへと戻されることになる。この水の循環により、酸化チタン光触媒反応を繰り返し受けることで、給水タンクA内の水の浄化が図られるのである。上記のフィルタ−8や光触媒シ−トが目詰まり等が生じた場合は、容器3の蓋4を外してフィルタ−8および光触媒シ−トを取り出し、洗浄し、再度使用できる。
【0024】
酸化チタン光触媒は、水のある環境下で紫外線があたると活性化され、有機物(細菌、汚れなど)とすぐに反応して、分解、除菌、殺菌、消臭、無害化の機能が発揮されることから、上記浄化器Bは、屋外等太陽光のあたる場所に設置される。例えば、マンション等の集合住宅での使用においては、屋上等に設置された給水タンクAの近くの陽当りのよい場所に設置できる。また、個々の住宅で使用する場合は、一般的に、給水タンクAを台所等の屋内に設置し、浄化器Cは陽当りのよい屋外に設置すればよい。
【0025】
図2は、上記の浄化器Cに、光(紫外線)の照射手段10を付設したものである。すなわち、浄化器Bの容器3に近接して、容器3内に充填した光触媒に対する紫外線の照射ランプ10が取り付けられており、光触媒は紫外線の照射により、常時活性化がなされる。この装置の場合は、浄化器Cを給水タンクAとともに屋内に設置することができ、浄化器Cと給水タンクAとを組み合せた装置全体がコンパクトにでき、また、光触媒は常に活性化される状態になり、高い浄化効率を維持することができる。なお、光の照射手段10を設けた以外は、図1に示した例と同様であるから、その説明は省略する。
【0026】
ついで、第2の実施態様について説明する。この装置は、定量の水を浄化処理する部分と、その処理水(浄水)を貯留して供給する部分を備えているのが特徴である。
【0027】
図3は、その一例を示したもので、浄化処理部分は、浄化タンクBと浄化器Cの組み合わせである。浄化タンクBは球形あるいは横型、竪型等の筒状に形成されており、その上部は、開閉弁16を設けた、原水の供給管1が接続され、その下部には、送水ポンプ18を設けた送水管17が取り付けられている。
【0028】
この浄化タンクBには、さきに説明したように浄化器Cが配設され、浄化器Cの下部と浄化タンクBの下部とは循環ポンプ7を設けた流入管5で接続され、また、浄化器Cの上部と浄化タンクBの上部とは流出管6で接続され、循環ポンプ6の作動によって、浄化タンクBの水が浄化器Cに送り込まれ、そして浄化タンクBへと循環されるようになっている。浄化器Cについてはさきの実施態様におけると同様であるから、その説明は省略する。上記浄化タンクBとは別に給水タンクAが設置されており、浄化タンクBの下部に取り付けられた送水管17の他端は給水タンクAの上部に接続されている。そして、給水タンクAの下部には給水管2が接続されている。
【0029】
この装置では、浄化タンクBに、送水ポンプ18を運転しない状態で、開閉弁16を開いて水道管1よりの水をほぼ満水状態となるように供給する。そして、循環ポンプ7を駆動して、浄化タンクBの水を浄化器Cを通して浄化タンクBへと循環させる。それによって、水は、上記した酸化チタン光触媒の作用により浄化処理されることになる。浄化タンクBの水が浄化されたら、開閉弁16を閉じ、送水ポンプ18を駆動して、浄化タンクBの浄化処理水を供給タンクAに送入し、貯留する。供給タンクAに溜められた水は需要者に給水管2より供給されることになる。
【0030】
給水タンクAへの送水により浄化タンクBの水がほぼ空となった後は、再び送水ポンプ18の運転を停止して開閉弁16を開き、浄化タンクBに水道水を充満させ、循環ポンプ7を駆動して浄化処理を行う。上述の工程を繰り返し行って、水の浄化処理と、その供給を継続するのである。なお、この場合、浄化器Cには、図2に示すように、光の照射手段10を付設することができる。
【0031】
この実施態様の装置では、図4に示すように、給水タンクAと浄化タンクBとを、同一タンク内に区切りて設けたものとすることができる。この場合、図示のように、浄化タンクBと給水タンクAを上下に並べたものでは、両タンクA,Bを接続する送水管17には送水ポンプ18に代って開閉弁19を設け、浄化タンクBから給水タンクAへの送水とその停止を開閉弁19の開閉操作により行うことができる。なお、両タンクA,Bを横方向に並列させたものでは、図3の例と同様に、送水管17に送水ポンプ18を設けるのがよい。また、この図4の装置の場合も、図2の例におけるように、浄化器Cに光の照射手段10を付設することができる。
【0032】
上記第2の実施態様の装置では、浄化処理を終えた浄化タンクBの水を給水タンクに送って使用できるようにするものであるから、水の浄化処理が十分に行え、より安全な水が供給できることになる。
【0033】
次に、第3の実施態様について説明する。この装置は、第1の実施態様に示す給水タンクAと浄化器Cを組み合せた装置を複数設置し、浄化処理と給水が交互に行えるようにしたのが特徴である。
【0034】
図5はその一例を示したもので、複数(図示のものは2基)の給水タンクA1,A2にはそれぞれ浄化器Cが配設され、図1に示す例におけると同様に、浄化器Cの下部(流入側)と給水タンクA1(A2)とは循環ポンプ7を設けた流入管5で接続され、また、浄化器Cの上部(流出側)と給水タンクA1(A2)とは、流出管6で接続され、循環ポンプ7の駆動で、給水タンクA1,A2からそれぞれの浄化器Cへと水が循環して浄化処理されるようになっている。
【0035】
そして、この装置では、各給水タンクA1,A2には、その上部に、供給管1に設けた切換弁20よりの分岐管21a,21bが接続され、また、その下部には、給水管2に設けた切換弁20よりの取出管22a,22bが接続されている。この装置における処理では、切換弁20aを操作して、給水タンクA1,A2のどちらか一方(例えばA1) に処理する水道水を、供給管1から分岐管21aを経て流入させほぼ満水状態にさせる。この場合、切換弁20aの方は閉じておく。その状態で、給水タンクA1側に配設の循環ポンプ7を駆動して、給水タンクA1から浄化器Cへと水を循環させる。なお、浄化器Cの構成及び作用については、さきに説明したとおりであるから、その説明は省略する。
【0036】
この一方の給水タンクA1の水が浄化されたら、切換弁2aを操作して、原水の流入を分岐管21aより分岐管21bへと変換し、他方の給水タンクA2を、ほぼ満水状態とする。その際、切換弁20bを操作して、給水タンクA2の水がその取出管22bから流出しないように止めるとともに、給水タンクA1の取出管22aを給水管2に連通させる。それによって、浄化処理を終えた給水タンクA1の水が使用できるようになる。他方、給水タンクA2の方では、その循環ポンプ7を駆動して、水を給水タンクA2から浄化器Cへと循環させ給水タンクA2の水の浄化処理を行うようにするのである。このようにして、この第3の実施態様の装置では、上記の工程を繰返し、一方の給水タンクA1(A2)の水を使用中に他方の給水タンクA2(A1)の浄水処理が行えるようにしているのである。
【0037】
この実施態様の装置では、図6に示すように、浄化器Cを、複数の給水タンクA1,A2の浄化処理に共用させることができる。この場合、図示のように浄化器Cは1基配置する。そして、浄化器Cの下部(流入側)に接続の、循環ポンプ7を有する流入管5にさらに切換弁20cを設け、この切換弁20cと各給水タンクA1,A2を取込管23a,23bで接続する。また、浄化器Cの上部(流出側)と各給水タンクA1,A2とは、流出管に切換弁20dを設け、これと給水タンクA1,A2とを配分管24a,24bで接続する。なお、その他の構成については、図5の装置における6と同様であるから、その説明は省略する。
【0038】
図6の装置では、切換弁20dの切換え操作は給水タンクA1,A2の切換弁20aと同調させ、切換弁20cの切換え操作は同じく切換弁20bの操作と同調して行うようにすることにより、各給水タンクA1,A2の浄水処理が切り換えて行えることになる。なお、図5,図6の装置とも、浄化器Cは、図1の装置におけると同様に、紫外線の照射手段10を付設することができる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、給水タンクと酸化チタン光触媒による水質浄化機能を有する浄化器とを組み合せ、給水タンクに供給された水を、給水タンクと浄化器とを循環させて浄化するようにしたので、水道水等に含まれる汚染物質の除去、除菌、殺菌、脱臭の浄化処理が効率よくできるとともに装置がコンパクトにでき、特に、家庭や事務所等で使用するのに適した飲用水用の水質浄化装置として提供できる。そして、浄化器はこれを陽当りのよい屋外等に設置すれば、酸化チタン光触媒の活性化が図られ、浄化器の機能を維持させることができる。また、浄化器に紫外線の照射手段を設けた装置では、浄化器を屋内に設置して使用することができ、設置はよりコンパクト化できるとともに、その利用範囲も拡大される。
【0040】
特に酸化チタン光触媒には、不織布に酸化チタンを溶射、溶着して形成した光触媒シ−トを用いたので、水との接触面積が大で、浄化処理効率が高く、また、光触媒シ−トは柔軟性、加工性に優れ、各種の容器に対応できるとともに、維持、管理が容易であり、洗浄も自在で、長期にわたり使用することができる。
【0041】
第2の実施態様及び第3の実施態様の装置では、浄化処理部分の給水部分とが別個となっており、十分に浄化処理の終えた水を給水部分(タンク)に貯留し、その水を給水できるので、より水質のよい安全度の高い飲用水を提供できることになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の装置の第1の実施態様を示す概要図である。
【図2】同紫外線照射手段を設けた概要図である。
【図3】本発明装置の第2の実施態様を示す概要図である。
【図4】同他の例を示す概要図である。
【図5】本発明装置の第3の実施態様を示す概要図である。
【図6】同他の例を示す概要図である。
【符号の説明】
A,A1,A2 給水タンク
B 浄化タンク
C 浄化器
1 供給管
2 給水管
3 容器
4 蓋
5 流入管
6 流出管
7 循環ポンプ
8 フィルター
9 光触媒充填層
紫外線照射手段
開閉弁
17 送水管
18 送水ポンプ
20a,20b,20c,20d 切換弁
21a,21b 分岐管
22a,22b 取出管
23a,23b 取込管
24a,24b 配分管
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a water purification apparatus that removes harmful substances such as organic impurities mixed in drinking water such as tap water using a titanium oxide photocatalytic reaction, and particularly, stores drinking water such as tap water. The present invention relates to a circulation type water purification device for purifying water quality of a water supply tank or a hot water supply tank to be used.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The tap water used for drinking is usually ensured by the Ministry of Health and Welfare's tap water quality standards, but it is present in the source water in the standard purification treatment performed today. It is a situation where harmful substances such as hardly decomposable organic substances cannot be completely removed. In water purification treatment, chlorine injection for disinfecting various microorganisms and ozone injection for oxidative decomposition of various harmful compounds are usually performed, but they react with aquatic microorganisms and humic substances in the water, The fact is that trihalomethanes, which are known as carcinogens, and by-products such as aldehydes are produced, which threatens the safety of drinking water.
[0003]
At present water treatment plants, in order to effectively remove various pollutants, in addition to general water treatment processes, advanced water treatment using ozone and granular activated carbon is performed. However, such an advanced water purification process not only requires a large amount of equipment and maintenance costs, but also generates carcinogens generated by chlorine injected for sterilization purposes and ozone treatment. The removed by-products are supplied to ordinary households without being removed. Also, the injection of chlorine causes it to react with the ammonia contained in tap water to generate a strong irritating odor.
[0004]
Tap water is also contaminated while being supplied from a water treatment plant to consumers such as ordinary households. That is, the tap water passes through the pipe, and causes secondary pollution such as elution of lead by the lead pipe and generation of red water due to corrosion of the iron pipe. In a condominium, etc., a water supply tank is installed on the roof and water is supplied to each household from the water supply tank. However, water quality deteriorates and algae are generated in dead water areas where water stagnates in the water supply tank.
[0005]
In addition, use of water purifiers is increasing in homes and the like in order to obtain safe and delicious water for drinking. The Japan Water Works Association-approved water purifier is a water treatment device that uses activated carbon or a combination of activated carbon and other filter media. However, activated carbon has excellent adsorption capacity, but the adsorbing place is buried with the passage of water passage time, and the removal capacity is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the activated carbon cartridge from time to time. Activated carbon also has the action of decomposing and removing chlorine, so that bacteria do not die and cause bacterial contamination, which is regarded as a problem. Some of them incorporate a special filter called a hollow fiber membrane, but this also cannot completely prevent the passage of bacteria. There is also a problem that the bacteria accumulated in the purifier grows without using the purifier for many days. Therefore, the current tap water purification method cannot provide sufficient safety as drinking water.
[0006]
Therefore, in recent years, a method has been developed in which a contaminant generated in the purification treatment step, a multiplied bacterium, and the like are decomposed and sterilized by a photochemical treatment using titanium oxide as a photocatalyst. Although various methods have been proposed, titanium oxide is mainly used as a method of coating titanium oxide on a titanium oxide powder or a fixed carrier.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method using powdered titanium oxide, this is suspended in water to treat contaminants in water.However, the fine particles of titanium oxide powder have a large specific surface area, so there are many opportunities for catalysis with contaminants, and treatment efficiency is high. However, there is a problem that a separate recovery device is required for reuse, equipment costs are high, and maintenance and management are troublesome.
[0008]
In the method of coating fixed carriers and pellets, etc., there is no difficulty in separation and recovery, but since the contact area with contaminants is small, the efficiency of removing harmful substances is extremely low, and coating is not performed. It is difficult to make light reach all of the carriers and the like, and the activity of the photocatalyst is reduced in many cases, and there is a problem that the contact efficiency of contaminants is further reduced.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, using a sheet-like titanium oxide carrier having a large contact area with contaminants, high removal efficiency of harmful substances, and high flexibility, A new type of water purification system with sufficient activation of the photocatalyst that is easy to maintain and manage, and is particularly suitable for water tanks, hot water tanks, solar systems, and household drinking water. It is.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention basically provides a circulating pump with tap water for drinking or hot water thereof, a water supply tank for using boiling water, and a purifier containing a photocatalyst sheet in a container that transmits ultraviolet light. It is connected by a circulation line provided, circulates water in a water supply tank through a purifier, and removes, sterilizes, deodorizes, and decomposes and removes contaminants by a photocatalytic reaction.
[0011]
The photocatalyst sheet is formed by spraying a titanium oxide photocatalyst onto a nonwoven fabric such as polyethylene or polypropylene without a binder, and welding the titanium oxide photocatalyst to the fibers of the nonwoven fabric. As a result, a photocatalyst sheet which has a large contact area with contaminants, is flexible, has good workability, and can be washed is obtained.
[0012]
The water in the water supply tank circulates through the storage tank and the purifier, and the oxidation and reduction by the photocatalyst decompose, remove, remove bacteria, sterilize, and deodorize organic impurities contained in the water. The water molecules are subdivided to purify the water in the water supply tank.
[0013]
The photocatalyst sheet in the purifier is externally irradiated with solar ultraviolet light or ultraviolet light generated by the light emitting element to maintain the titanium oxide photocatalytic reaction. As a means for irradiating ultraviolet rays, when a purifier is installed and used outdoors or the like exposed to sunlight, the sunlight itself is used as an irradiation source, and no special ultraviolet irradiation means may be provided. When the purifier is installed and used indoors where sunlight is difficult to reach, a means for irradiating the photocatalyst sheet in the purifier with ultraviolet rays is installed adjacent to the purifier.
[0014]
Further, in the present invention, water purification treatment, a combination of a purification tank and a purifier, and a water supply tank for storing and using the purified water are installed, and after purifying water in the purification tank for a required time, the purified water is purified The water can be sequentially fed into and stored in a water supply tank, and the stored water can be used as drinking water. In this case, the water purifying tank and the water supply tank may be separately provided, or both tanks may be provided separately in a single tank.
[0015]
Further, in the present invention, a plurality of combinations of a water supply tank and a purifier can be installed, and each set can be used alternately as a batch-type purifier.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment thereof, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show a third embodiment thereof. is there.
[0017]
First, a first basic embodiment of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, A is a water supply tank for storing and supplying potable water (tap water) or hot and cold water for home use or business use, and is formed in a spherical, horizontal, or vertical cylindrical shape. A supply pipe 1 for raw water such as tap water is connected to an upper part thereof, and a water supply pipe 2 to be sent to a demand destination is connected to a lower part thereof.
[0018]
C is a purifier for purifying water in the water supply tank A using a photocatalytic reaction, and a detachable lid 4 is attached to an upper end of a vertical cylindrical container 3 made of a material that transmits ultraviolet light. One side (lower part) is connected to the lower part of the water supply tank A by an inflow pipe 5, and the other side (upper part) is connected to the upper part of the water supply tank A by an outflow pipe 6. A circulation pump 7 is provided in the inflow pipe 5, and the water in the water supply tank A is sent to the purifier C and circulated to the water supply tank A by the operation of the circulation pump 7.
[0019]
In the container 3 of the purifier C, a filter member 8 for capturing impurities mixed in water is disposed at a lower portion and an upper portion thereof, and a photocatalyst is filled between the two filter members 8. A layer 9 is provided. As the photocatalyst, a photocatalyst sheet obtained by spraying a titanium oxide photocatalyst on a non-woven fabric such as polyethylene or polypropylene without spraying a binder is used. The photocatalyst sheet is filled, for example, by winding a strip-shaped sheet into a roll, or by stacking sheet pieces cut along the cross-sectional shape in the container 3.
[0020]
In the above-described apparatus, raw water such as tap water flows into the water supply tank A from the supply pipe 1 and is stored therein, and used water is discharged from the supply pipe 2 through a faucet of a household water supply. Normally, the inside of the water supply tank A is almost full, and raw water is supplied to the water supply tank A from the supply 1 at any time according to the amount of water used.
[0022]
On the other hand, the water stored in the water supply tank A is sent from the lower part of the water supply tank A to the lower part, which is one side of the container 3 of the purifier C, from the lower part of the water supply tank A by the driving of the circulation pump 7. And flow from the upper end (other side) through the outflow pipe 6 to the upper part of the water supply tank A, and repeat the circulation of the water supply tank A → the inflow pipe 7 → the container 3 → the outflow pipe 6 → the water supply tank A. become.
[0023]
When the water circulating from the water supply tank A to the container 3 passes through the container 3, impurities are filtered by the filter 8, and decomposition and removal of organic substances are performed by the titanium oxide photocatalytic reaction of the filled photocatalyst sheet. Bacteria, sterilization and deodorization are performed, and the treated water is returned to the water supply tank A. By circulating the water, the water in the water supply tank A is purified by repeatedly receiving the titanium oxide photocatalytic reaction. When the filter 8 or the photocatalyst sheet is clogged, the lid 4 of the container 3 is removed, the filter 8 and the photocatalyst sheet can be taken out, washed, and reused.
[0024]
Titanium oxide photocatalysts are activated when exposed to ultraviolet light in an environment with water, and immediately react with organic substances (such as bacteria and dirt), exhibiting functions of decomposition, disinfection, sterilization, deodorization, and detoxification. Therefore, the purifier B is installed in a place exposed to sunlight, such as outdoors. For example, when used in an apartment house such as a condominium, it can be installed in a sunny place near the water supply tank A installed on the roof or the like. In addition, when used in an individual house, generally, the water supply tank A may be installed indoors such as a kitchen, and the purifier C may be installed outdoors with good sunlight.
[0025]
FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which the above-mentioned purifier C is provided with light (ultraviolet) irradiation means 10. That is, an ultraviolet irradiation lamp 10 for the photocatalyst filled in the container 3 is attached near the container 3 of the purifier B, and the photocatalyst is always activated by the irradiation of the ultraviolet light. In the case of this device, the purifier C can be installed indoors together with the water supply tank A, and the entire device combining the purifier C and the water supply tank A can be made compact, and the photocatalyst is always activated. And high purification efficiency can be maintained. Except that the light irradiating means 10 is provided, the configuration is the same as that of the example shown in FIG.
[0026]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. This apparatus is characterized in that it has a part for purifying a fixed amount of water and a part for storing and supplying the treated water (purified water).
[0027]
FIG. 3 shows an example thereof, in which the purification processing portion is a combination of the purification tank B and the purifier C. The purification tank B is formed in a spherical shape, a horizontal type, a vertical type or the like cylindrical shape. The upper part thereof is connected to the raw water supply pipe 1 provided with an on-off valve 16, and the lower part thereof is provided with a water supply pump 18. A water pipe 17 is attached.
[0028]
The purifier C is provided with the purifier C as described above, and the lower part of the purifier C and the lower part of the purifier tank B are connected by the inflow pipe 5 provided with the circulation pump 7. The upper part of the purifier C and the upper part of the purification tank B are connected by an outflow pipe 6, and the water of the purification tank B is sent to the purifier C and circulated to the purification tank B by the operation of the circulation pump 6. Has become. Since the purifier C is the same as in the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. A water supply tank A is provided separately from the purification tank B, and the other end of the water supply pipe 17 attached to a lower part of the purification tank B is connected to an upper part of the water supply tank A. A water supply pipe 2 is connected to a lower part of the water supply tank A.
[0029]
In this apparatus, the on-off valve 16 is opened and the water from the water pipe 1 is supplied to the purification tank B so that the water from the water pipe 1 is almost full without operating the water supply pump 18. Then, the circulation pump 7 is driven to circulate the water in the purification tank B to the purification tank B through the purifier C. Thereby, the water is purified by the action of the titanium oxide photocatalyst described above. When the water in the purification tank B is purified, the on-off valve 16 is closed and the water pump 18 is driven to send the purified water from the purification tank B to the supply tank A and store it. The water stored in the supply tank A is supplied to the consumer from the water supply pipe 2.
[0030]
After the water in the purification tank B becomes almost empty by the water supply to the water supply tank A, the operation of the water supply pump 18 is stopped again, the on-off valve 16 is opened, the purification tank B is filled with tap water, and the circulation pump 7 To perform the purification process. By repeating the above steps, the water purification process and its supply are continued. In this case, the purifier C can be provided with a light irradiation means 10 as shown in FIG.
[0031]
In the apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a water supply tank A and a purification tank B can be provided separately in the same tank. In this case, as shown in the figure, in the case where the purification tank B and the water supply tank A are arranged vertically, a water supply pipe 17 connecting both tanks A, B is provided with an opening / closing valve 19 instead of the water supply pump 18 to purify the water. Water supply from the tank B to the water supply tank A and its stop can be performed by opening and closing the on-off valve 19. In the case where both tanks A and B are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, it is preferable to provide a water supply pump 18 in the water supply pipe 17 as in the example of FIG. Also, in the case of the apparatus of FIG. 4, the light irradiating means 10 can be additionally provided to the purifier C as in the example of FIG.
[0032]
In the apparatus according to the second embodiment, the water in the purification tank B after the purification processing is sent to the water supply tank so that the water can be used. Therefore, the water purification processing can be sufficiently performed, and safer water can be obtained. It can be supplied.
[0033]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. This device is characterized in that a plurality of devices in which the water supply tank A and the purifier C shown in the first embodiment are combined are installed so that the purification process and the water supply can be performed alternately.
[0034]
FIG. 5 shows an example of such a case, in which a plurality of (two shown) water purifiers A1 and A2 are each provided with a purifier C, and as in the example shown in FIG. Is connected to the water supply tank A1 (A2) by an inflow pipe 5 provided with a circulation pump 7, and the upper part (outflow side) of the purifier C and the water supply tank A1 (A2) are connected to an outflow pipe. Water is circulated from the water supply tanks A1 and A2 to the respective purifiers C by the driving of the circulation pump 7, and purification treatment is performed.
[0035]
In this apparatus, branch pipes 21a and 21b from the switching valve 20 provided in the supply pipe 1 are connected to upper portions of the water supply tanks A1 and A2, respectively. The outlet pipes 22a and 22b from the provided switching valve 20 are connected. In the processing in this apparatus, the switching valve 20a is operated to allow the tap water to be processed into either one of the water supply tanks A1 and A2 (for example, A1) to flow from the supply pipe 1 through the branch pipe 21a so as to be substantially full. . In this case, the switching valve 20a is closed. In this state, the circulation pump 7 provided on the water supply tank A1 side is driven to circulate water from the water supply tank A1 to the purifier C. Note that the configuration and operation of the purifier C are as described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0036]
When the water in one of the water supply tanks A1 is purified, the switching valve 2a is operated to convert the inflow of the raw water from the branch pipe 21a to the branch pipe 21b, and the other water supply tank A2 is substantially filled. At this time, the switching valve 20b is operated to stop the water in the water supply tank A2 from flowing out of the discharge pipe 22b and to connect the discharge pipe 22a of the water supply tank A1 to the water supply pipe 2. Thereby, the water in the water supply tank A1 after the purification processing can be used. On the other hand, in the water supply tank A2, the circulation pump 7 is driven to circulate the water from the water supply tank A2 to the purifier C to perform the water purification processing of the water supply tank A2. In this way, in the apparatus of the third embodiment, the above steps are repeated so that the water in one of the water supply tanks A1 (A2) can be purified while the water in the other water supply tank A2 (A1) is being used. -ing
[0037]
In the apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the purifier C can be shared for the purification of the plurality of water supply tanks A1 and A2. In this case, one purifier C is arranged as shown. Further, a switching valve 20c is further provided on the inflow pipe 5 having the circulation pump 7 connected to a lower portion (inflow side) of the purifier C, and this switching valve 20c and each of the water supply tanks A1 and A2 are taken in by intake pipes 23a and 23b. Connecting. The upper part (outflow side) of the purifier C and each of the water supply tanks A1 and A2 are provided with a switching valve 20d in the outflow pipe, and are connected to the water supply tanks A1 and A2 by distribution pipes 24a and 24b. Note that the other configuration is the same as that of the device 6 in FIG. 5, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0038]
In the apparatus of FIG. 6, the switching operation of the switching valve 20d is synchronized with the switching valve 20a of the water supply tanks A1 and A2, and the switching operation of the switching valve 20c is performed in synchronization with the operation of the switching valve 20b. The water purification processing of each of the water supply tanks A1 and A2 can be performed by switching. 5 and 6, the purifier C can be provided with the ultraviolet irradiation means 10 as in the apparatus of FIG.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a water supply tank and a purifier having a water purification function using a titanium oxide photocatalyst are combined to purify water supplied to the water supply tank by circulating the water between the water supply tank and the purifier. As a result, removal of contaminants contained in tap water, sterilization, sterilization, and deodorizing purification can be performed efficiently and the equipment can be made compact, which is particularly suitable for use in homes and offices. It can be provided as a water purification device for drinking water. If the purifier is installed outdoors where the sunshine is good, the titanium oxide photocatalyst is activated, and the function of the purifier can be maintained. Further, in a device in which the purifier is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation means, the purifier can be installed and used indoors, and the installation can be made more compact and the range of use can be expanded.
[0040]
In particular, for the titanium oxide photocatalyst, a photocatalyst sheet formed by spraying and fusing titanium oxide on a nonwoven fabric was used, so that the contact area with water was large, the purification treatment efficiency was high, and the photocatalyst sheet was It is excellent in flexibility and processability, can be used for various containers, is easy to maintain and manage, can be washed freely, and can be used for a long time.
[0041]
In the apparatus of the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the water supply part of the purification treatment part is separate, and the water after the purification treatment is sufficiently stored in the water supply part (tank), and the water is stored in the water supply part (tank). Since water can be supplied, it is possible to provide drinking water with good water quality and high safety.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view provided with the ultraviolet irradiation means.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another example.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List A, A1, A2 Water tank B Purification tank C Purifier 1 Supply pipe 2 Water supply pipe 3 Container 4 Cover 5 Inflow pipe 6 Outflow pipe 7 Circulation pump 8 Filter 9 Photocatalyst packed layer UV irradiation means opening / closing valve 17 Water supply pipe 18 Water supply pump 20a , 20b, 20c, 20d Switching valves 21a, 21b Branch pipes 22a, 22b Extraction pipes 23a, 23b Intake pipes 24a, 24b Distribution pipes

Claims (4)

水道水等原水の供給管と給水管を接続した給水タンクと、不繊布に酸化チタン光触媒を溶射、溶着して形成した光触媒シートを、紫外線を透過できる材料で形成した容器内に充填してなる浄化器とを備え、この浄化器の一側と給水タンクとを循環ポンプを設けた流入管で接続するとともに、浄化器の他側と給水タンクを流出管で接続し、給水タンクと浄化器とに水を循環して水質の浄化処理を行えるようにした、酸化チタン光触媒による水質浄化装置。A water supply tank that connects the supply pipes of raw water such as tap water and a water supply pipe, and a photocatalyst sheet formed by spraying and welding a titanium oxide photocatalyst on a nonwoven fabric, and filled in a container formed of a material that can transmit ultraviolet rays. A purifier is provided, and one side of the purifier is connected to a water supply tank by an inflow pipe provided with a circulation pump, and the other side of the purifier is connected to a water supply tank by an outflow pipe. Water purification device using titanium oxide photocatalyst, which can purify water by circulating water. 開閉弁を設けた原水の供給管を接続した浄化タンクと、不繊布に酸化チタン光触媒を溶射、溶着して形成した光触媒シートを、紫外線を透過できる材料で形成した容器内に充填してなる浄化器と、給水管を接続した給水タンクとを備え、浄化器の一側と浄化タンクとを循環ポンプを設けた流入管で接続するとともに、浄化器の他側と浄化タンクとを流出管で接続し、また、浄化タンクと給水タンクとを、送水ポンプを設けた送水管で接続し、給水タンクと浄化器とに水を循環して水質の浄化処理を行い、その処理水を供給タンクに送入、貯留して使用できるようにしたことを特徴とする、酸化チタン光触媒による水質浄化装置。A purification tank connected to a raw water supply pipe equipped with an on-off valve, and a photocatalyst sheet formed by spraying and welding a titanium oxide photocatalyst on a non-woven fabric into a container made of a material that can transmit ultraviolet light. And a water supply tank connected to a water supply pipe. One side of the purifier and the purification tank are connected by an inflow pipe provided with a circulation pump, and the other side of the purifier and a purification tank are connected by an outflow pipe. In addition, the purification tank and the water supply tank are connected by a water supply pipe provided with a water supply pump, water is circulated through the water supply tank and the purifier to purify water, and the treated water is sent to the supply tank. A water purification device using a titanium oxide photocatalyst, characterized in that it can be put in, stored and used. 複数の給水タンクと、不繊布に酸化チタンを溶射、溶着して形成した光触媒シートを、紫外線を透過できる材料で形成した容器に充填してなる浄化器とを備え、上記給水タンクには、そのどちらか一方の給水タンクに選択的に原水を送入する手段を設けた供給管と、そのどちらか一方の給水タンクに、その水を選択的に取り出す手段を設けた給水管を接続し、上記浄化器の一側と各給水タンクとを循環ポンプを設けた流入管で接続するとともに、浄化器の他側と各給水タンクとを流出管で接続し、各給水タンク別に、給水タンクと浄化器とに水を循環して水質の浄化処理を行ない、浄化処理を終えた給水タンクの水を使用するようにしたことを特徴とする、酸化チタン光触媒による水質浄化装置。A plurality of water supply tanks, a titanium oxide is sprayed on the non-woven cloth, a purifier formed by filling a photocatalyst sheet formed by welding, into a container formed of a material that can transmit ultraviolet light, the water supply tank, A supply pipe provided with a means for selectively feeding raw water to one of the water supply tanks, and a water supply pipe provided with a means for selectively taking out the water to one of the water supply tanks, One side of the purifier and each water tank are connected by an inflow pipe provided with a circulation pump, and the other side of the purifier and each water tank are connected by an outflow pipe. A water purification apparatus using a titanium oxide photocatalyst, wherein water is circulated and water purification processing is performed, and the water in the water supply tank after the purification processing is used. 浄化器に、紫外線の照射手段を付設したことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3記載の酸化チタン光触媒による水質浄化装置。4. A water purification apparatus using a titanium oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the purifier is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation means.
JP2002168002A 2002-06-10 2002-06-10 Water cleaning apparatus using titanium oxide photocatalyst Pending JP2004008979A (en)

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