JP2003340595A - Small-sized automatic press machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized automatic press machine in which a bottom dead center position of a slide is automatically corrected by improving a structure even if a connecting rod is dimensionally changed by temperature fluctuation in a direct acting small-sized high-speed automatic press machine in which the slide is directly moved vertically by driving a crankshaft via the connecting rod. <P>SOLUTION: The connecting rod 7 is horizontally arranged. The large end part 8 of the connecting rod 7 is connected to an eccentric part 6 of the crankshaft, and at the same time, the small end part 9 is supported horizontally movably. A link 22 is hung down from the middle of the large end part 8 and the small end part 9 of the connecting rod 7. The slide 24 is connected to the other end of the link 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called direct-acting type small automatic press machine in which a crankshaft is driven and a slide is directly moved up and down via a connecting rod.
This is particularly effective when it is desired to prevent the lowering of the bottom dead center accuracy due to the temperature change of the connecting rod.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a press machine that drives a connecting rod fitted to an eccentric part of the crankshaft by rotation, the temperature of the driving part rises with the lapse of operating time and the connecting rod expands in the longitudinal direction. Since the expansion changes to the contraction when the operation is stopped, the bottom dead center position of the slide changes due to the temperature fluctuation of the connecting rod.

Various improvements have been made to improve the bottom dead center accuracy of the press machine. For example, Japanese Patent Publication 3-162
Reference numeral 38 indicates that each link constituting the toggle mechanism is a metal having a linear expansion coefficient smaller than that of the connecting rod, preferably about 0.56 times or less of the linear expansion coefficient of the connecting rod, and slides due to temperature rise of the toggle link and the connecting rod. Disclosed is a knuckle press machine capable of reducing the amount of thermal displacement at the bottom dead center to zero as much as possible.

[0004]

However, since the reduction ratio near the bottom dead center of the knuckle press machine is larger than that of the direct-acting type press machine, the influence of the dimensional change of the connecting rod on the bottom dead center accuracy is originally caused. Moreover, since the swing of the toggle link is a motion within a narrow angle range, the amount of heat generated is small, and therefore the temperature change between the stop and the operation is small, and therefore the dimensional change is also small. Furthermore, the knuckle press machine is difficult to operate at a high spm of 1,000 strokes / minute or more due to its structure.

An object of the present invention is to provide a direct-acting small high-speed automatic press machine in which a crankshaft is driven and a slide is directly moved up and down through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is made of a special metal having a small coefficient of linear expansion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a press machine in which the bottom dead center position of the slide is automatically corrected even if the connecting rod is dimensionally changed due to temperature fluctuations by improving the structure.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 arranges a connecting rod in a horizontal direction, and connects the large end of the connecting rod to an eccentric part of a crankshaft. , A small size characterized in that the small end is supported movably in the horizontal direction, a link is hung from the middle of the large end and the small end of the connecting rod, and a slide is connected to the other end of the link. It is an automatic press machine.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the connecting rods, which are normally arranged in the vertical direction, are arranged in the horizontal direction, so that the thermal dimensional change of the connecting rod due to the temperature fluctuation caused by the driving or stopping of the crankshaft is horizontal. Ripple in the direction but not in the vertical direction. Therefore,
The thermal dimensional change of the connecting rod can be ignored and the bottom dead center accuracy is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the connecting rod comprises a large end portion, a small end portion and a rod portion connecting them, and the rod portion extends along the tangent line from the small end portion to the outer circumference circle of the large end portion. It is a small automatic press machine characterized in that it is arranged in a V shape, and a slide is connected to its small end.

Usually, since the large end and the small end of the connecting rod are directly connected in a rod shape, the thermal dimensional change of this portion results in the change of the length of the connecting rod. In the invention of claim 2, since the rod portion branched from the small end portion into a V shape is arranged along the tangent to the outer circumference of the large end portion, the diameter of the large end portion changes due to the temperature variation of the inner diameter portion of the large end portion. However, since the distance between the centers of the large end and the small end hardly changes, the bottom dead center accuracy of the slide is improved due to the temperature fluctuation of the connecting rod.

[0010]

1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a compact automatic press machine according to claim 1 of the present invention. 1 is a front view of a partial cross section of the press machine when the slide is at the top dead center, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a main part of the press machine showing a drive system of a dynamic balancer, and FIG. 3 is a drive section of the press machine. FIG.

A crankshaft 3 is rotatably supported in the frame 2 of the press machine 1 in the front-rear direction, and the rotational force of a main motor (not shown) is transmitted to the crankshaft 3 via a flywheel 4 and a clutch / brake 5. Has been done.

The first eccentric portion 6 of the crankshaft 3 has two left and right sides.
The large ends 8, 8 of the individual connecting rods 7, 7 are connected. In the present embodiment, the large end portion 8 of the left connecting rod 7 is branched and connected, and the large end portion 8 of the right connecting rod 7 is sandwiched. Then, the connecting rods 7, 7 are arranged in the horizontal direction, and their small ends 9, 9 are restricted to the left and right sides of the frame 2, respectively, by the restraining links 11, 11 and the pins 12, 12 of the slide adjusting mechanisms 10, 10. Are connected by.

The slide adjusting mechanism 10 includes a housing 18
A wheel 13 rotatably held therein and an adjusting screw 14 screwed into an inner screw thereof are provided, and when the worm 15 is rotated, the adjusting screw 14 moves up and down while rotating. The adjusting screw 14 has a lock piston 16 which is hydraulically actuated, so that the housing 1 is constantly operated while the press machine 1 is in operation.
It is fixed in place within 8. The top of the adjusting screw 14 is connected to the restraint link 11 by a pin 17.

Therefore, when the connecting rod 7 swings due to the rotation of the crankshaft 3, the pin 12 at the small end 9 thereof is constrained in the vertical direction and moves in the horizontal direction.
At this time, since the pin 12 is connected to the restraint link 11, strictly speaking, it moves along an arc, but the restraint link 11
Since the distance between the pins 12 and 17 at both ends of is sufficiently larger than the eccentricity of the first eccentric portion 6 of the crankshaft 3, it can be considered that the pins 12 and 17 move substantially horizontally. Note that it is possible to replace the restraint link 11 with a horizontal slider.

A link 22 is hung by a pin 21 at an intermediate portion between the large end 8 and the small end 9 of the connecting rod 7, and the link 22 is connected to a slide 24 by a pin 23. The slide 24 is vertically movable and vertically guided by a guide post 25.

The crankshaft 3 is provided with a second eccentric portion 26 having the same eccentricity but a phase difference of 180 ° from the first eccentric portion 6, and the second eccentric portion 26 has a connecter for driving a dynamic balancer. The large end 28 of the rod 27 is connected. The small end 29 of the connecting rod 27 for driving the dynamic balancer is connected to the dynamic balance weight 30 which is vertically movably fitted to the dynamic balancer guide post 19 hanging from the frame 2. In this way, the vertical movement of the slide 24 is balanced by the vertical movement of the balance weight 30 to absorb the vibration of the press machine 1.

Therefore, in this press machine 1, the connecting rods 7 arranged in the horizontal direction according to thermal conditions are used.
Even if the length of the connecting rod 7 changes, it does not affect the change in the vertical position of the link 22 that is hung from the middle of the large end 8 and the small end 9 of the connecting rod 7. Dimensional changes can be ignored and bottom dead center accuracy is improved.

In the first embodiment described above, the two connecting rods 7 are arranged horizontally on both sides of the crankshaft 3, but in the case where the two connecting rods are arranged horizontally on one side of the crankshaft. This will be shown as a second embodiment.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the compact automatic press machine according to claim 1 of the present invention. 4 is an explanatory view showing a partial cross section of the main part of the drive unit of the press machine when the slide is at the top dead center, FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 4, and FIG. It is a B line sectional view.

A crankshaft 33 is rotatably supported in the left-right direction on a frame 32 of the press machine 31, and the rotational force of a main motor (not shown) is transmitted via a flywheel 34 and a clutch / brake 35.

The first eccentric portion 36 of the crankshaft 33 has two
The large ends 38, 38 of the individual connecting rods 37, 37.
, And the two connecting rods 37, 37 are arranged horizontally, and their small ends 39, 39 are fitted with fixed fulcrum pins 42 provided on the frame 32 by pins 40, respectively. 41, 41 is connected to the other end.

A link 52 is hung by a pin 51 at an intermediate portion between the large end 38 and the small end 39 of the connecting rod 37, and the lower end of the link 52 has a slide adjusting mechanism 43.
It is connected to the slide 54 via.

On the crankshaft 33, in the middle of the two first eccentric portions 36, 36, the eccentricity is equal but the phase is 180 °.
A different second eccentric portion 56 is provided, and the large end portion 58 of the connecting rod 57 for driving the dynamic balancer is connected to the second eccentric portion 56. The small end portion 59 of the connecting rod 57 for driving the dynamic balancer has one end connected to the fixed fulcrum pin 42 and the other end of the dynamic balance weight 60 that swings up and down. In this way, the vertical movement of the slide 54 is balanced by the vertical movement of the balance weight 60 to absorb the vibration of the press machine 31.

In such a press machine 31, even if the length of the connecting rod 37 arranged in the horizontal direction changes due to thermal conditions, the connecting rod 37 has an intermediate portion between the large end portion 38 and the small end portion 39 of the connecting rod 37. Link 52 hung from
Since it does not affect the change in the vertical position of the connecting rod 37, the change in the thermal dimension of the connecting rod 37 can be ignored, and the bottom dead center accuracy is improved. In this example, the crankshaft 33 is arranged in the left-right direction of the press machine 31,
It is also possible to arrange them in the front-back direction.

Next, an embodiment of a compact automatic press machine according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described as a third embodiment with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11. 7 is an explanatory view of a connecting rod for explaining the basic concept, FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a front view of the connecting rod, and FIG. 10 uses the connecting rod of FIG. The front view which shows a press machine in a part cross section, FIG. 11 is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

In FIG. 7, the center of the large end of the connecting rod is O, the center of the small end is Q, and the outer circle of the large end is C.
Then, the tangent line L from the center Q of the small end portion to the outer peripheral circle C of the large end portion is in contact with the contact point H. When the large end portion and the small end portion are connected by the rod portion along the tangent line L, the connecting rod is driven to raise the temperature of the large end portion and the contact point H
Even if the position is displaced to the contact point H1 due to expansion, the change in the distance P between the center O of the large end and the center Q of the small end is extremely small compared to the displacement amount.

Further details will be described with reference to FIG. When one end of the rod portion R intersects with a point F on the outer circumference circle of the large end portion of the center O, the case where the angle OFQ is an obtuse angle is shown in FIG. 8A, and the case where the angle OFQ is also a right angle is shown in FIG. ), Likewise the corner OF
The case where Q is an acute angle is shown in FIG. In these drawings, the amount of dimensional change when the outer circumference circle expands and contracts is enlarged and displayed.

First, assuming that the outer circumference circle of the large end portion expands and contracts due to a change in temperature, but the length of the rod portion does not change at this time, as shown in FIG. 8A, the angle OFQ is an obtuse angle. At this time, when the temperature of the large end portion rises from the reference temperature, the point F on the outer circumference circle of the large end portion moves to F1 due to expansion, so the center Q of the small end portion moves and the center O of the large end portion moves. And the distance P between the center Q of the small end is longer than that at the reference temperature.
Conversely, when the temperature drops, the center O of the large end and the center Q of the small end
The distance P between and becomes shorter than that at the reference temperature.

As shown in FIG. 8B, when the angle OFQ is right, even if the temperature of the large end portion rises or falls from the reference temperature, the center O of the large end portion and the center Q of the small end portion are formed. The distance P does not change. As shown in FIG. 8C, when the angle OFQ is an obtuse angle, the distance P becomes shorter when the temperature of the large end rises from the reference temperature, and the distance P becomes longer when the temperature of the large end rises, contrary to the case of the acute angle.

Next, assuming that when the outer circumference of the large end portion expands and contracts due to a change in temperature, the rod portion R also changes in temperature due to heat transfer and its length changes, and when the angle OFQ is an obtuse angle, As shown by the arrow in FIG. 8A, when the temperature rises, the distance P becomes longer due to expansion of the rod portion R,
When the temperature drops, the length of the rod becomes shorter due to the contraction of the rod.

When the corner OFQ is right, the same is true for FIG.
As indicated by the arrow in (b), the distance P becomes longer when the temperature rises and becomes shorter when the temperature falls and moves away from the position of the center Q at the reference temperature. When the angle OFQ is an obtuse angle, FIG.
As indicated by the arrow in (c), the distance P is shortened by the expansion of the rod portion when the temperature rises, and the center Q at the reference temperature is reduced.
When the temperature falls, the distance P is extended by the contraction of the rod portion R and approaches the center Q.

As described above, when the angle OFQ is an acute angle which is extremely close to a right angle, the temperature of the large end of the connecting rod fluctuates, and the heat transfer therefrom changes the temperature of the rod portion R connected to the small end. However, the distance P between the center points of the large end and the small end of the connecting rod does not change. Therefore, if an appropriate angle OFQ, the diameter of the outer peripheral circle at the large end, and the length of the rod portion R are adopted from the expected temperature fluctuation range,
The thermal dimensional change of the connecting rod can be ignored, and the bottom dead center accuracy can be improved.

An example of a press machine based on such a basic concept is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. Connecting rod 6
As shown in FIG. 9, 7 is composed of a large end portion 68, a small end portion 69, and rod portions 70, 70 connecting them, and these rod portions 70, 70 extend from the small end portion 69 to the large end portion 68. Are arranged in a V shape along a tangent to the outer circle of the. At this time, the angle OFQ formed by the center O of the large end portion 68, the point F on the outer circumference circle thereof, and the center Q of the small end portion is set to an acute angle that is extremely close to a right angle.

Therefore, when the temperature of the large end portion 68 rises and the outer circumference circle expands, the point F moves to the point F1. However, if the length of the rod portion 70 does not change at this time, the small end portion 6 is formed.
The center Q of 9 moves to Q1, but the rod portion 7
Since 0 also expands due to heat transfer, the center Q1 is close to Q. Therefore, even if the temperature near the large end portion 68 changes, the distance between the center O of the large end portion 68 and the center Q of the small end portion 69, that is, the length of the connecting rod 67 hardly changes. In addition, in FIG. 9, the displacement amount from the point F to the point F1 is enlarged and displayed.

As shown in FIG. 10, a crankshaft 63 is rotatably supported on the frame 62 of the press machine 61 in the left-right direction, and the rotational force of a main motor (not shown) drives a flywheel 64 and a clutch / brake 65. Is transmitted through. First eccentric parts 6 at two positions of the crankshaft 63
6 and 66 respectively include the connecting rod 67 described above.
The large end 68 of the is connected to the slide 72, and the small end 69 thereof is connected to the slide 72 via the slide adjusting mechanism 71.

As shown in FIG. 10, the dynamic balancer 7 is provided on the second eccentric portion 73 provided on the crankshaft 63, which has the same eccentricity as the first eccentric portion 66 but a phase difference of 180 °.
A connecting rod 75 for driving 4 is connected.

In such a press machine 61, the connecting rod 67 has a very small change in length due to temperature change as described above, so that thermal dimensional change can be ignored and bottom dead center accuracy is improved. To do.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a connecting rod showing a fourth embodiment of the compact automatic press machine according to claim 2 of the present invention. In this connecting rod 80, a triangular large end portion 81 and a V-shaped small end portion 82 are connected by two connecting pins 83, 83. An angle OFQ formed by the center O of the large end portion 84, the center F of the pin 83 and the center Q of the small end portion 85 is set to an acute angle which is extremely close to a right angle. Therefore, also in the connecting rod 80, since the length variation due to the temperature change is extremely small, the thermal dimensional change can be ignored and the bottom dead center accuracy is improved.

[0039]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by arranging the connecting rods which are normally arranged in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction, the thermal dimensional change of the connecting rod due to the temperature fluctuation caused by the driving or stopping of the crankshaft is prevented. , It affects horizontally but does not affect vertically. Therefore, the thermal dimensional change of the connecting rod can be ignored, and the bottom dead center accuracy is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the rod portion branched from the small end portion into a V-shape is arranged along the tangent line to the outer circumference of the large end portion, the large end portion diameter changes due to the temperature change of the large end portion inner diameter. Even if it changes, the distance between the centers of the large end and the small end hardly changes, so that the bottom dead center accuracy due to the temperature change of the connecting rod is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a partial cross section of a press machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the main part of the press machine showing the drive system of the dynamic balancer.

[Fig. 3] Similarly, an explanatory view of a drive unit.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a partial cross section of a main part of a drive unit of a press machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a connecting rod for explaining the basic concept of the press machine in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the connecting rod.

10 is a front view showing a partial cross-section of a press machine using the connecting rod of FIG.

11 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a connecting rod of a press machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Reference Signs] 1 is a press machine, 2 is a frame, 3 is a crankshaft, 4 is a flywheel, 5 is a clutch / brake, 6 is a first eccentric portion, 7 is a connecting rod, 8 is a large end portion, and 9 is Small end portion, 10 is a slide adjusting mechanism, 11 is a restraint link, 12
Is a pin, 13 is a wheel, 14 is an adjusting screw, 15 is a worm, 16 is a locking piston, 17 is a pin, 18 is a housing, 19 is a dynamic balancer guide post, 21 is a pin, 22 is a link, 23 is a pin, 24 Is a slide, 25
Is a guide post, 26 is a second eccentric portion, 27 is a connecting rod for driving a dynamic balancer, 28 is a large end portion, 29 is a small end portion, 30 is a balance weight, 31 is a press machine, 3
2 is a frame, 33 is a crankshaft, 34 is a flywheel, 35 is a clutch / brake, 36 is a first eccentric part, 3
7 is a connecting rod, 38 is a large end, 39 is a small end, 40 is a pin, 41 is a restraining link, 42 is a fixed fulcrum pin, 43 is a slide adjusting mechanism, 51 is a pin, 52 is a link, 54 is a slide, 56 is a second eccentric part, 57 is a connecting rod for driving a dynamic balancer, 58 is a large end part, 59
Is a small end portion, 60 is a dynamic balance weight, 61 is a press machine, 62 is a frame, 63 is a crankshaft, 64 is a flywheel, 65 is a clutch / brake, 66 is a first eccentric portion, 67 is a connecting rod, 68 Is the large end, 69
Is a small end portion, 70 is a rod portion, 71 is a slide adjusting mechanism,
72 is a slide, 73 is a second eccentric portion, 74 is a dynamic balancer, 75 is a connecting rod, 80 is a connecting rod, 81 is a large end portion, 82 is a small end portion, 83 is a connecting pin, and 84 is a large end. , 85 is a small end portion, C is a large end portion outer circumference circle, F and F1 are points on a large end portion outer circumference circle, H and H1 are contact points, L is a tangent line, O is a large end portion center, and P is Distances between the center of the large end and the center of the small end, Q and Q1 are the centers of the small ends.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A connecting rod is arranged horizontally,
Connect the large end of the connecting rod to the eccentric part of the crankshaft, support the small end so that it can move horizontally, and hang the link from the middle of the large end and the small end of the connecting rod. , A small automatic press machine characterized by connecting a slide to the other end of the link. 2. A connecting rod comprising a large end portion, a small end portion and a rod portion connecting them, the rod portion being arranged in a V shape along a tangent line from the small end portion to the outer circumference circle of the large end portion. , A small automatic press machine characterized by connecting a slide to its small end.