JP2003339239A - Method for controlling plant growth, method for soil solidification and method for soil water-repelling - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technology with which a plurality of effects of plant growth control, soil solidification and soil water-repelling effects are simultaneously obtained by one operation for directly adding a specific hydrogen donor to object soil. <P>SOLUTION: The typical constitution comprises directly adding the specific hydrogen donor to the soil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant growth inhibition method utilizing the function of converting excess nitrogen components into nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria (hereinafter referred to as denitrification), a biodegradation product of a hydrogen donor and soil. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil solidification method of binding grains, and a soil water repellent method of forming a coating film having water repellency on soil grains with a biodegradation product of a hydrogen donor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional method for suppressing plant growth, a method for suppressing a plant growth using a pesticide utilizing physiologically inhibiting functions such as photosynthesis inhibition and hormone transfer inhibition has been mainstream.

As a method for solidifying the soil, a method is known in which a substance having an anion group is added to the soil to bind to the anion group in the soil (for example, JP-A-59-5).
9119, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-49525, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-172300). As a method for repelling soil, a method of coating a hydrophobic substance such as silicone in advance (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-269463, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-23559) is known.

[0004]

However, among these conventional prior arts, the method for suppressing plant growth is to kill plants. For example, in the case of suppressing only weeds of grass, the grass itself is yellowed. Not only will it change the appearance of the pesticide, but the environmental impact of the pesticide itself will remain fundamental.

On the other hand, among the conventional prior arts, as a method for solidifying soil, the solidifying performance greatly changes depending on the nature of soil,
In particular, there is a problem that it depends largely on the amount of cations in the soil.

[0006] Among the conventional prior arts, the water repellent method for soil requires that the soil be coated in advance, and it cannot be easily applied in situ.

Further, these three conventional prior arts are:
Each requires separate treatments, for example, when controlling weeds and soil solidification at the same time, it was necessary to carry out two prior arts simultaneously.

The present invention provides a technique capable of simultaneously obtaining a plurality of effects of plant growth inhibition, soil solidification and soil water repellent effect by one operation of directly adding a specific hydrogen donor to a target soil. The purpose is to

[0009]

In order to solve these conventional problems, the present inventors have earnestly studied, and as a result, found that using the following means can effectively solve the problems of the present invention, The present invention has been completed.

1. A plant growth inhibition method in which a hydrogen donor of denitrifying bacteria is directly added to soil and nitrogen components are removed from the soil by denitrification.

2. A soil solidification method in which a hydrogen donor of a denitrifying bacterium is directly added to the soil, and the soil particles are bound by a biodegradation product of the hydrogen donor.

3. A soil water repellent method in which a hydrogen donor of a denitrifying bacterium is directly added to soil, and a biodegradation product of the hydrogen donor forms a coating film having water repellency on soil particles.

4 Hydrogen donor is a saturated fatty acid having 10 or more carbon atoms, an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms, or 1 carbon atom
A plant growth suppression method, a soil solidification method, and a soil water repellent method, which comprise, as a main component, an ester of 0 or more saturated fatty acid and an alcohol of 12 or more carbon atoms.

5 A plant growth inhibiting method, wherein the hydrogen donor is composed of sulfur and an alkali supplier.

6 A plant growth inhibition method, a soil solidification method and a soil water repellent method in which a hydrogen donor is composed of a biodegradable fat.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the method for suppressing plant growth of the present invention, a hydrogen donor is added directly to the soil so that nitrogen components necessary for plants can be produced by the action of denitrifying bacteria (proliferation of denitrifying bacteria) grown around the hydrogen donor. It will be released from the soil into the atmosphere as nitrogen gas (due to the nitrogen reaction).

Here, it has been found that the feature of the present invention is that the nitrogen component essential to the plant can be controlled by the denitrification method which is a natural phenomenon, so that only the growth can be suppressed without dying the plant body. In point.

That is, the height, number of leaves, leaf area, etc. of the plant can be effectively suppressed, and for example, in the seedling cultivation, the size of the seedling can be preserved in a small state for a certain period of time. It is possible to control the height of weeds together with the lawn without increasing the degree of freedom at the time of planting or dying the lawn in yellow, and the maintenance of the lawn is greatly eased.

Since the principle of the present invention is to eliminate the essential elements of plants, there is almost no environmental influence such as pesticide spraying.

Furthermore, since the hydrogen donor used in the present invention is solid at around room temperature and is insoluble in water, it is possible to stop at the site for a long time and continue supplying hydrogen.

The soil solidification method of the present invention physically binds soil particles by utilizing the adhesiveness of biodegradation products that are eluted in a small amount when the hydrogen donor added to soil undergoes biodegradation by the force of microorganisms. It depends on the nature of the soil.

The soil water repellent method of the present invention coats soil particles by utilizing the hydrophobicity of a biodegradation product which is eluted in a small amount when a hydrogen donor added to soil undergoes biodegradation by the force of microorganisms. Creates a water-repellent soil, which allows in-situ treatment of the target soil.

Of the hydrogen donors used in the present invention, those other than sulfur and alkali donors are easily biodegraded in soil, and most of them move in soil as lower fatty acids having 6 or less carbon atoms (usually liquids). It is possible to form a hydrophobic film by binding the soil grains to each other by easily permeating between the soil grains.

The greatest feature of the present invention is that the above three methods (plant growth inhibition method, soil solidification method, soil water repellent method).
However, it can be achieved in the same way by one means of adding a specific hydrogen donor to soil (when sulfur and an alkali donor are selected as hydrogen donors, only the plant growth inhibitory effect is obtained). Is the biggest difference with.

The first specific example of the hydrogen donor used in the present invention is a saturated fatty acid having 10 or more carbon atoms or 1 carbon atom.
It is an ester of 2 or more alcohols or saturated fatty acids having 10 or more carbon atoms and alcohols having 12 or more carbon atoms.

When the number of carbon atoms is less than 10 or 12, the melting point may be below room temperature, so that it is not preferable because it easily moves in the soil and does not stop at the intended site. Even if the carbon number is 10 or 12 or more, the melting point is generally lowered, which is not preferable.

Examples of the fatty acids satisfying the above requirements include decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, lignoceric acid, behenic acid, and mixtures of these fatty acids, salts and hydrogenated products. To be done.

The mixture may be an artificial mixture of simple fatty acids, or a natural mixture of beef tallow fatty acid, coconut oil fatty acid and the like.

Examples of alcohols satisfying the above requirements include lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures and salts of these alcohols.

As the mixture, simple alcohols may be artificially mixed, or a natural mixture may be used.

As the ester satisfying the above requirements, myristyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, methyl stearate, butyl stearate, cholesteryl stearate, batyl stearate, octyldodecyl behenate, behenyl behenate, And a mixture of these esters and a fatty acid such as distearyl phthalate, sorbitan monomyristyrate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan tristearate, solibitan monobehenate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, polyethylene glycol distearate, sorbitan sesquistearate, sol tristearate Tan, hexaoxystearic acid polyoxyethylene sorbite, and mixtures of these esters, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene behenyl ether, glycerin cetyl ether, glycerin stearyl ether, polyoxy Examples thereof include ethers such as ethylene polyoxypropylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene decyl tetradecyl ether, and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether.

The second specific example of the hydrogen donor used in the present invention is a combination of sulfur and an alkali supplying agent.

Sulfur donates hydrogen to a bacterium called sulfur bacterium, and is neutralized by an alkali supplier that coexists with the decrease in PH by sulfuric acid generated at that time, thereby denitrifying the soil without significantly changing the PH. The reaction will occur.

As the alkali supplier, those containing calcium carbonate as a main component, which can also serve as a carbon source essential for synthesizing the cells of denitrifying bacteria, are preferable, and representative examples thereof include rough calcium carbonate, shellfish, coral. And limestones.

The third specific example used in the present invention is a biodegradable resin, more preferably a biodegradable resin having an ester bond with excellent biodegradability.

Specific examples include lactic acid polymers, copolymers of hydroxybutyric acid and hydroxyvaleric acid, condensation polymers of polyols and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and poly (ε-caprolactone).

[0037]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Embodiment 1) A shoulder slope of an expressway (angle 3
2 degrees) 45m²Is divided into two from the center, and beef tallow on one slope
Composition of 85% by weight of fatty acid and 15% by weight of lauryl alcohol
0.4 kg / m ²What is the area and the test area
A test section was also set up in which it was not sprayed.

The test was carried out from March to December, and weeds were removed under the same conditions at the initial stage.

As a result of measuring the amount of weeds in both plots as of September, the test plot was 310 g / m ² , and the comparison plot was 2570 g / m ^2.
And a remarkable weed control effect was observed.

The shape of the slope as of December is 2 for the test section.
There was a ditch through which the water of the book flowed, but in the comparison area a depth of 30
As a result of the formation of 14 grooves of m or more, the initial shape was remarkably changed, and the soil solidifying effect in the test section was verified.

(EXAMPLE 2) Surface layer 1 at the brink of an experimental tea garden
A composition containing 60% by weight of stearic acid, 30% by weight of palmitic acid, and 5% by weight of myristic acid at about 0 cm was used as a test area for indentation with an areal density of 0.8 kg / m ² .

Commercially available fertilizer containing ammonium sulfate as a main component was applied at a rate of 55 kg / 10a at the same time, and groundwater after natural rainfall infiltrated underground was sampled from a sampling port reaching the groundwater layer, and the total nitrogen concentration was measured.

A section in which only the same fertilizer was given was provided in a mixed portion of the same tea garden 10 m away from the same position as a comparison section.

As a result, the average total nitrogen concentration for one year was 15.5 mg / L in the test section and 40.3 mg / L in the comparison section, demonstrating the denitrification effect of this example.

Further, the annual average soil water content of the test plot was 75% of that of the comparative plot, and the water repellent effect of the soil was confirmed, and the surface organic matter of the soil of about 5 cm from the ground surface was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A large number of organic acids having about 2 to 6 carbon atoms were detected, and it was found that the biodegradation product of the added hydrogen donor covers the surface.

Further, almost no organic matter was detected on the soil surface of the comparison plots.

Further, the soil in the test plot after one year was in a solidified state, and the initial shape of the puddle remained almost unchanged even after the rainfall, whereas in the comparison plot, the puddle was collected without stopping the initial prototype. Had been formed.

(Example 3) Eighty seedling pots of Komatsuna germinating about 1 cm were divided into 20 pots, each containing 90% by weight of butyl stearate and 10% by weight of behenyl alcohol (average particle size of about 1 mm). Ward 1), yellow sulfur and calcium carbonate powder (average particle size about 1 m)
m) A mixture group (hereinafter referred to as test group 2), a 1 mm powder of β-polyhydroxybutyric acid group (hereinafter referred to as test group 3), and an additive-free group.

In the areas other than the non-added area, each hydrogen donor was uniformly sprayed on the soil surface in an amount of 0.4% by weight based on the weight of dry soil, and twice the week was irrigated with about 1.5 times the saturated water content of the soil. went.

Excess leaked water from the bottom of the pot was appropriately sampled and used for measurement of total nitrogen concentration.

At the end of the test for about 2.5 months, the soil-grown seedlings were removed from the pots in each section and the height was 30%.
From the cm, the collapsible property of the soil in the root pot portion was evaluated by the ratio of the number of collapsed pieces by allowing them to fall naturally on a wooden board.

As a result, the average total nitrogen concentration in test plot 1 was 1
The denitrification effect of this example was confirmed to be 2.3 mg / L, the test section 2 was 17.2 mg / L, the test section 3 was 10.6 mg / L, and the comparative section was 47.0 mg / L.

In all the test plots, the height of Komatsuna was 4.5 to 6 cm, and the average of the comparison plots was 14.
Growth was suppressed compared to 3 cm.

The color of Komatsuna is almost the same in all plots,
As a result of planting 5 Japanese mustard spinach from each test section in the field, the growth rate calculated from the height shows about 3 times the growth in the pot, and the physiological function of Komatsuna is not hindered. It can be seen that it was suppressed within.

From the evaluation of soil disintegration property, it was confirmed that the test plots 1 and 3 had the collapse numbers 3 and 6, respectively, and the other plots had all collapsed, and the soil solidification properties of the test plots 1 and 3 were confirmed.

[0057]

[Effects of the Invention] By one operation of directly adding a specific hydrogen donor to a target soil, it is possible to simultaneously obtain a plurality of effects such as plant growth inhibition, soil solidification, and soil water repellent effect.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masaru Makino             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazumi Nomura             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method for inhibiting plant growth in which a hydrogen donor of a denitrifying bacterium is directly added to soil and nitrogen components are removed from the soil by denitrification. 2. A method for solidifying soil, in which a hydrogen donor of a denitrifying bacterium is directly added to soil, and the soil particles are bound by a biodegradation product of the hydrogen donor. 3. A soil water repellent method in which a hydrogen donor of denitrifying bacteria is directly added to soil, and a biodegradation product of the hydrogen donor forms a coating film having water repellency on soil particles. 4. The hydrogen donor is a saturated fatty acid having 10 or more carbon atoms, an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms, or 10 carbon atoms.
The plant growth suppressing method, soil solidification method, and soil water repellent method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, which comprises, as a main component, the ester of a saturated fatty acid and an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms. 5. The method for inhibiting plant growth according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen donor is composed of sulfur and an alkali supplier. 6. The plant growth inhibiting method, soil solidification method and soil water repellent method according to claim 1, 2 and 3, wherein the hydrogen donor is composed of a biodegradable resin.