JP2003336717A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To securely operate an actuator in shifting between 4L and 4H even when the gear ejection load is large. <P>SOLUTION: In the actuator, a spring 30 is mounted in the middle of a power transmitting passage between an input side rotary member 10 rotated/driven by a motor and an output side rotary member 20 connected to a driven object. When the rotation of the output side rotary member is impossible because of the increase of the load applied from the driven object, the rotation torque from the motor is accumulated as the flexure energy of the spring. When the output side rotary member is rotatable, the output side rotary member is rotated with the rotation torque accumulated in the spring and the driving force is given to the driven object by a waiting mechanism. The actuator has a first spring receiving member 40 and a second spring receiving member 50 for receiving both ends of the spring respectively, and the first spring receiving member 40 and the second spring receiving member 50 have an input rotation direct transmitting part DI respectively for directly transmitting the rotation force on the driving side to the driven side without through the spring 3 by striking each other when both spring receiving members relatively rotate at least at a prescribed angle α. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive
(4H) and low (4L) switching, two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive
Actuators used for switching operations such as switching
About eta. 2. Description of the Related Art Actuators for performing this type of switching operation
Data has a so-called "waiting mechanism" (waiting function)
ing. The waiting mechanism (waiting function) is a drive source
Power between the motor and the output shaft that applies driving force to the driven object
A spring is interposed in the middle of the transmission path,
When rotation of the output shaft is not possible due to increase of applied load,
Rotational torque from the motor is combined with spring deflection energy.
When the output shaft can be rotated.
The output shaft with the rotational torque stored in the spring.
A mechanism that applies a driving force to a driven object by rotating it
(Function). [0003] This type of actuator with a waiting mechanism
As a conventional example, it is described in JP-A-2001-225662.
Are known, and this prior art
This will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 8 shows the actuator
9 (a) to 9 (d) are exploded perspective views of a data waiting mechanism.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the waiting mechanism. [0004] As shown in FIG.
Is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown) as a driving source.
Input-side rotating member (wheel gear) 110 and output shaft 1
22, an output-side rotating member 120 connected to the input-side rotating member.
Power transmission path from member 110 to output side rotation member 120
When the output side rotating member 120 cannot rotate,
The rotation torque given from the input side rotation member 110 to the
Spiral spring 130 to store as body flex
And outer peripheral end 131 and inner peripheral end 1 of this spring 130.
32 respectively and according to the relative rotation of both
A first spring receiving portion for giving a flexure to the spring 130
And a second spring receiving member 150.
You. The input-side rotating member 110 and the output-side rotating member
Member 120, first spring receiving member 140, second spring
Receiving members 150 are freely rotatable on the same rotation center S.
It is provided in. In the center of the spring 130, the second
The cylindrical portion 152 of the spring receiving member 150 is passed therethrough,
The outer peripheral end 131 of the spring 130 is
Spring engaging part 1 formed on projecting piece 141 of member 140
43, the inner peripheral end 132 of the spring 130
The thread formed in the cylindrical portion 152 of the second spring receiving member 150
It is engaged with the pulling engagement portion 153. [0006] The input side rotating member 110 and the first spring receiver
The input side rotating member 110 is rotated forward (A direction) on the member 140.
), The forward rotation of the input side rotating member 110
Forward rotation input rotation transmitting section to be transmitted to spring receiving member 140
AI (described later) is provided, and the second spring receiving member 150 is provided.
And the output side rotating member 120 includes the second spring receiving member 1.
When 50 rotates forward, the second spring receiving member 150
Output rotation transmission during forward rotation that transmits rotation to output side rotation member 120
A section AO (described later) is provided. The input-side rotating member 110 and the second split
The input-side rotating member 110 is reversely rotated on the ring receiving member 150.
(Rotation in the direction B), the reverse of the input-side rotating member 110
Reverse rotation input rotation for transmitting rotation to the second spring receiving member 150
A first spring receiving portion provided with a rotation transmitting portion BI (described later);
The first spring is attached to the member 140 and the output side rotating member 120.
When the receiving member 140 is reversed, the first spring receiving member 1
Output at the time of reverse rotation transmitting reverse rotation of 40 to output side rotating member 120
A rotation transmission unit BO (described later) is provided. [0008] Each of the rotation transmitting parts AI, AO, BI, BO
In detail, as shown in FIG.
The input rotation transmitting unit AI is a protruding piece 1 of the input side rotation member 110.
11 and the projection 141 of the first spring receiving member 140
A pair of abutting portions 111a and 141a
The rotation output rotation transmitting portion AO is provided with the second spring receiving member 15.
0 of the protrusion 151 and the protrusion 121 of the output side rotating member 120.
It consists of a set of abutment parts 151a and 121a which abut each other.
You. Further, as shown in FIG.
The force rotation transmitting unit BI is provided with the protrusion 11 of the input side rotation member 110.
Of the projections 151 of the first and second spring receiving members 150
It is composed of a set of abutting portions 111b and 151b,
The time output rotation transmitting portion BO is provided with a first spring receiving member 140.
Of the projection 141 of the output side rotating member 120 and the projection 141 of the output side rotating member 120.
It comprises a set of abutting portions 141b and 121b. Next, the operation of the waiting mechanism 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
Will be described. Actuate including this waiting mechanism 100
Data, for example, for switching between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive
Used and wait mechanism when switching to one
100 finally becomes the state of (a), and switches to the other
When the waiting is performed, the waiting mechanism 100 finally reaches the state shown in FIG.
State. In these stable states, the input side rotation
Projecting piece 111 of member 110 and projecting piece of output side rotating member 120
121 and the projection 14 of the first spring receiving member 140
Between the first and second protrusions 151 of the second spring receiving member 150
, By the urging force of the spring 130. Now, the state of (a) is switched to the state of (b).
When switching, the input side rotating member 110 is
Let Then, the input-side rotating member 110 in the A direction is
First, the rotation torque is applied to the protrusion 11 of the input side rotation member 110.
1 presses the projection 141 of the first spring receiving member 140.
As a result, the input rotation transmission unit AI during normal rotation (the abutment unit 111)
a, 141a) to the spring 130,
From the spring 130, the second spring receiving member 150
The protrusion 151 pushes the protrusion 121 of the output side rotating member 120.
Thus, the forward rotation output rotation transmission unit AO (the abutment unit 151)
a, 121a) to the output side rotating member 120.
It is. [0012] Here, from the object to be switched to the output side rotating unit
When the load on the member 120 is small, the spring 1
30 hardly bends, the input side rotating member 110
The rotation torque is transmitted to the output side rotation member 120 as it is.
Thus, the output shaft 122 rotates following the input side rotating member 110.
Turn over. As a result, the state shown in FIG.
Transfer. On the other hand, the state shown in FIG.
When switching, if the switching load is heavy,
And the output side rotation member 120 receives from the switching target.
When the load is large, the state shown in FIG.
Transition to the waiting state, and then, as the switching load decreases
To the state (b). That is, the rotation of the motor causes the rotation member on the input side to rotate.
110 rotates, the rotation of the output side rotation member 120
Can not follow. Therefore, the spring 13
The first sp is located on the input side and the output side
Phase of ring receiving member 140 and second spring receiving member 150
The spring 130 is bent by the amount corresponding to the rotation angle (winding).
Tightening), the input rotational torque is bent by the spring 130
Stored as energy. This state is the waiting state shown in FIG.
State. And the load acting on the output side is small.
The load accumulates on the spring 130
When the rotational torque is reduced to less than the
When the lugi is released, the second spring receiving member
The 150 projections 151 are the projections 12 of the output side rotating member 120.
1 to rotate the output side rotating member 120, and
From the state to the state of (b), and the switching is achieved.
You. Next, the state of (b) is switched to the state of (a).
When switching, the input side rotating member 110 is reversed in the direction B.
Invert. Then, the input-side rotating member 11 in the B direction
First, the rotation torque of 0
111 presses the projection 151 of the second spring receiving member 150.
As a result, the input rotation transmitting unit BI at the time of reverse rotation (the abutment unit 11)
1b, 151b) to the spring 130.
From the spring 130, the first spring receiving member 14
0 of the projection 141 is the projection 121 of the output side rotating member 120.
By pushing, the output rotation transmission unit BO at the time of reverse rotation (abutment unit 1)
41b, 121b) to the output side rotating member 120.
Is reached. [0016] Here, from the switching object to the output side rotating unit
When the load on the member 120 is small, the spring 1
30 hardly bends, the input side rotating member 110
The rotation torque is transmitted to the output side rotation member 120 as it is.
Thus, the output shaft 122 rotates following the input side rotating member 110.
Turn over. As a result, the state shown in FIG.
Transfer. On the other hand, the state shown in FIG.
When switching, if the switching load is heavy,
And the output side rotation member 120 receives from the switching target.
When the load is large, the state shown in FIG.
Transition to the waiting state, and then, as the switching load decreases
To the state (a). That is, the rotation of the motor causes the rotation member on the input side to rotate.
110 rotates, the rotation of the output side rotation member 120
Can not follow. Therefore, the spring 13
The second sp is located on the input side and the output side
Phase of ring receiving member 150 and first spring receiving member 140
The spring 130 is bent by the amount corresponding to the rotation angle (winding).
Tightening), the input rotational torque is bent by the spring 130
Stored as energy. This state is the wait state shown in (d).
State. And the load acting on the output side is small.
The load accumulates on the spring 130
When the rotational torque is reduced to less than the
When the lugi is released, the first spring receiving member
The protrusion 141 of the 140 is the protrusion 12 of the output side rotating member 120.
1 to rotate the output side rotation member 120, and
The state is changed from the state to the state (a), and the switching is achieved. [0019] By the way, four-wheel drive
High-low (4H / 4L) switching operation
When using an actuator with a waiting mechanism, change the previous gear
It is necessary to change the gear by pulling out and shifting to the next gear
However, the spring of the actuator with the waiting mechanism described above is used.
Depending on the torque setting conditions, especially during the gear removal process
May not work well,
Could cause. The following describes it.
You. FIG. 10 shows a 4L / 4H switching mechanism.
It is a schematic diagram. In the figure, L is a low gear, H is a higi
G is a slide gear, and (a) is a slide gear G
Indicates a neutral state. Slide gear G
Reciprocating slide in the direction of the arrow by an unillustrated actuator
By engaging with the low gear L as shown in FIG.
A low gear of “4L” is achieved, and the high gear H
A high speed stage of "4H" is achieved by meshing with.
In (b) and (c), the thick arrow indicates the driving force transmission path.
Is shown. Now, when switching from 4L to 4H,
In this case, remove the slide gear G from the low gear L
An operation of shifting to the gear H is required. Also, 4H to 4L
When switching to, slide gear G
It is necessary to remove the gear from the gear H and insert it into the low gear L.
You. In either case, "gear" and "gear" the gear
A series of switching operations is required. At this time, the load torque applied to the actuator is
Investigating luk, according to the operating angle of the output shaft,
A load torque characteristic as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained. FIG.
In response to the gear change operation of
In the section of the period, the load when pulling out the gear that should be pulled
You. The load is significantly reduced in the idle section following the gear
In the last section, the load to be put into the next gear is
Take it. When the next gear should go smoothly
Means that the gear is engaged with almost no increase in load.
If the gears to be
Becomes maximal. This "when the gear to be engaged does not engage"
Means that the actuator is locked and impact is applied
Not only that, the lock current
You. Depending on the gear synchronization, this condition may last for a long time
Therefore, the above-mentioned waiting mechanism is required. Waiting machine
The mechanism is that the gear to be engaged does not enter and the actuator
By bending the spring when the output shaft does not move,
The motor's rotational torque and stop the motor.
After the gear has entered the situation where the gears enter smoothly,
A machine that turns the output shaft with the force of the pulling gear to engage
Perform the function. FIG. 12 shows the load when the gear to be disengaged is disengaged.
(Hereinafter referred to as “pulling load”) is the maximum rotation of the spring
Torque (= Spring up to scheduled maximum angle in waiting mechanism
Rotation torque generated when the shaft is bent)
Characteristics when gears can be disengaged smoothly.
are doing. (A) shows the relationship between load torque and output shaft operating angle.
FIG. Note that the output shaft operating angle is
Actuator gear (ACT
(R gear = input side rotating member). (B)
When the gear to be engaged smoothly enters (the incoming load is
Of the output shaft and actuator gear
The figure showing the change (upper figure) and the change in the spring deflection angle
FIG. (C) shows the gear to be engaged
The same figure as (b) when there is no (when the incoming load is large)
You. In addition, the load when the "gear to be engaged" is
Here, it is referred to as “incoming load”. (B) As can be seen from the upper and lower figures,
When the "pull load" is small and the "load" is small
Is the operating angle of the output shaft, the actuator gear (ACTR
(The gear = input-side rotating member).
Also, since the load fluctuation is small, the spring is almost bent
No. On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG.
In addition, if the "pull load" is small and the "load" is large,
Operating angle of the output shaft
Actuator gear actuation until locked before
It changes according to the angle, but hits the gear to be engaged.
At the stage of the lock, it does not change due to an increase in the load. One
In other words, the output shaft is not rotating and the actuator gear
Injuries rotate. Actuator gear rotates to the expected position.
After stopping completely, it is held at that position and the output shaft stops.
It remains stopped. At this time, the rotation of the actuator gear
Regardless of the rotation, the output shaft is stopped.
1. The relative rotation angle of the second spring receiving member increases,
The spring flexes accordingly, and the actuator gear
When the gear stops, the spring
Is stored as deflection energy. This state
Waiting. In this state, for example, the slide gear
The load on the output shaft decreases rapidly in synchronization with the gear to be engaged
With the rotation torque stored in the spring,
The output shaft is rotated, and the slide gear
Will enter. FIG. 13 shows the load when the gear to be disengaged is disengaged.
(Extraction load) is larger than the maximum rotation torque of the spring.
Characteristic when gear cannot be pulled out smoothly and smoothly
Is shown. (A) shows the relationship between load torque and output shaft operating angle.
FIG. (B) indicates that the gear to be engaged is smooth.
Output shaft and actuator when entering
A diagram showing the change in the operating angle of the tutor gear (upper figure),
It is a figure (lower figure) which shows the change of a spring deflection angle. (C)
When the gear to be engaged does not engage (when the incoming load is large)
(B) is the same figure as (b). (B) As can be seen from the upper and lower figures,
When the “pull load” is large, the operating angle of the output shaft
It does not change regardless of the operating angle of the actuator gear. Immediately
That is, the output shaft remains stopped. Therefore, the first and second
Spring is increased by increasing the relative rotation angle of the spring receiving member.
Is bent. However, the bending angle increased,
Even if the maximum rotational torque can be achieved,
If the removal load of the gear to be engaged is higher,
Remains undisturbed. And make sure that the previous gear does not come off
Of course, it is impossible to switch to the next gear
Function, the spring is flexed, and the output shaft reaches the end.
Rotation cannot be performed, and switching cannot be performed. Toes
Irrespective of whether the “incoming load” is large or small,
Inability to change gears due to gears not being disengaged
become. In consideration of the above circumstances, the present invention considers the
The gear can be reliably removed even when the removal load is large.
A series of gear change from "pull" to "pull"
Actuator that enables smooth operation
The purpose is to provide data. According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a driving apparatus.
Motor as a source and input driven by the motor
A side rotation member, an output side rotation member to which the output shaft is connected,
On the power transmission path from the input side rotating member to the output side rotating member
Input side when the output side rotating member cannot rotate
The rotational torque given by the rotating member as its own deflection
The spring to store and both ends of this spring
While receiving the deflection according to the relative rotation between the two.
A first spring receiving member and a second spring applied to the spring
The input-side rotating member and the output-side rotating member.
Rolling member, first spring receiving member, second spring receiving member
Are rotatably provided on the same rotation center,
The input side rotation member is provided on the rotation member and the first spring receiving member.
When the forward rotation of the input side rotating member is performed, the first spring
A forward rotation input rotation transmitting portion for transmitting to the receiving member;
The second spring is attached to the spring receiving member and the output side rotating member.
When the bearing member rotates forward, the second spring receiving member rotates forward.
Output rotation transmission section for transmitting rotation to the output side rotating member is provided.
And the input side rotating member and the second spring receiving member
When the input side rotating member is reversed, the input side rotating member
Reverse rotation input rotation transmission for transmitting reverse rotation to the second spring receiving member
And a first spring receiving member and an output side rotating portion.
When the first spring receiving member is reversed, the first
At the time of reverse rotation transmitting the reverse rotation of the pulling receiving member to the output side rotating member
In an actuator provided with an output rotation transmission unit,
The first spring receiving member and the second spring receiving member
When the two rotate relative to each other by more than a predetermined angle,
The spring on the driven side
An input rotation direct transmission unit that transmits directly without intervention is provided.
It is characterized by being. In this actuator, the spring is
If the gear does not come off with the force
The torque of the motor directly through the spring
This can be transmitted to the output side rotating member without being performed. Therefore,
Regardless of the maximum rotation torque of the spring,
The gear can be disengaged by the force from the motor,
A series of switching operations from
I can. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
It will be described based on the following. FIG. 1 shows an actuator according to an embodiment.
Exploded perspective view, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an enlarged main part thereof.
It is. The actuator 1 includes a motor as a drive source.
2 and the waiting mechanism unit 3 are combined and integrated.
Things. The casing 4 of the motor 2 is provided with a waiting mechanism unit.
The waiting mechanism unit 3 is connected to the housing 5 of the
The main components of the waiting mechanism 6 are inside the housing 5
It is stored. And these main components are housed
By storing the cover in the ring 5 and covering the cover 7,
The structural unit 3 is configured. Driving force from motor 2
The worm 9 provided at the tip of the armature 8
An input-side rotating member (wheel) which is an input element of the waiting mechanism 6
Gear) 10. Worm 9 and wheel gear
In the case of meshing, the rotation of the worm 9 is stopped.
The wheel gear can be fixedly held in place
it can. In other words, the motor rotates in reverse due to the force from the wheel gear.
Can not be. The waiting mechanism 6 is rotationally driven by the motor 2.
The input-side rotating member (wheel gear) 10
Lever-shaped output-side rotating member 20 connected to force shaft 22
And the movement from the input side rotating member 10 to the output side rotating member 20.
The output side rotation member 20 is interposed on the force transmission path,
Rotary torque provided by the input-side rotating member 10 when operable
Spiral-shaped spring that stores the stress as its own deflection
30, an outer peripheral end 31 and an inner peripheral end 3 of the spring 30.
2 respectively, and according to the relative rotation of both
Lever-shaped first split that gives deflection to spring 30
Receiving member 40 and disk-shaped second spring receiving member 50
And The input side rotation member 10 and the output side rotation
Member 20, first spring receiving member 40, second spring
The receiving members 50 are rotatably provided on the same rotation center S.
Have been. That is, it is integrated with the output side rotating member 20.
Output shaft 22 is rotatable about housing 5 and cover 7
Supported on the outer periphery of the output shaft 22 on the input side.
Member 10, first spring receiving member 40, second spring
Support so that the receiving members 50 can rotate independently
Have been. The arrangement order is from the top, the input side rotating member 1
0, the first spring receiving member 40, the output side rotating member 20,
A second spring receiving member, and a second spring receiving portion.
The outer periphery of a cylindrical portion (not shown) projecting from the center of the lower surface of the material 50
A spring 30 is provided, and the lower surface of the spring 30 is
The plate 60 is disposed between the inner bottom surface of the jing 5 and the plate 60.
You. Then, the outer peripheral end 31 of the spring 30 is
Engage with a projecting piece 43 projecting from the arm 41 of the ring receiving member 40.
And the inner peripheral end 32 of the spring 30 is
Spring member formed on a cylindrical portion (not shown) of the bearing member 50
It is engaged with a joint (not shown). FIGS. 3A and 3B show the input-side rotating member 1.
0, output side rotation member 20, first spring receiving member 40,
The mutual engagement relationship between the second spring receiving members 50 will be described.
FIG.
Bell. As shown in FIG. 3A, the input-side rotating member
10 and the first spring receiving member 40 include an input side rotating member.
When 10 rotates forward (rotates in the A direction), the input-side rotating member
10 for transmitting the forward rotation of 10 to the first spring receiving member 40.
A forward rotation input rotation transmission unit AI (described later) is provided,
The spring receiving member 50 and the output side rotating member 20 are provided with a second switch.
When the spring receiving member 50 rotates forward, the second spring
A forward rotation for transmitting the forward rotation of the member 50 to the output side rotating member 20.
A rotation output rotation transmission unit AO (described later) is provided. Further, as shown in FIG.
The rotation member 10 and the second spring receiving member 50 have an input side rotation.
When the rolling member 10 rotates in the reverse direction (rotates in the direction B), the input-side rotation is performed.
The reverse rotation of the rolling member 10 is transmitted to the second spring receiving member 50.
Reverse rotation input rotation transmission section BI (described later) for
The first spring receiving member 40 and the output side rotating member 20 include:
When the first spring receiving member 40 reverses, the first spring
The reverse rotation of the ring receiving member 40 is transmitted to the output side rotation member 20.
A reverse rotation output rotation transmission unit BO (described later) is provided.
You. Further, the first spring receiving member 40 and the second spring
The spring receiving member 50 has both of them at a predetermined angle or more.
When they rotate against each other, they rotate against the drive side (input side).
Apply the rolling force directly to the driven side (output side) without passing through the spring 30.
An input rotation direct transmission section DI is provided.
You. Each of these rotation transmitting parts AI, AO, BI,
BO and input rotation direct transmission section DI are input side rotation section
Material 10, output side rotating member 20, first spring receiving member 4
0, the second spring receiving member 50, respectively.
It is composed of a arm, a projection, a projection, and the like. Those
Refer to Fig. 2 for the arm, projection, projection, etc.
To explain, first, on the lower surface of the input side rotating member 10,
Are driving projections not shown in FIG. 2 but shown in FIG.
Key 11 is formed. The driving projection 11 is provided with a rotation center S
Are arranged in a pair at positions 180 degrees opposite to each other. Next, the output side rotating member 20 has a rotation center.
A pair of substantially sector-shaped planar views at positions 180 degrees opposite each other across S
Arm 21 is provided, and one of the pair of arms 21
On the other hand, a protruding piece 23 bent downward is formed.
You. The first spring receiving member 40 has a rotation center S
A pair of substantially fan-shaped planar views
An arm 41 is provided, and one of the pair of arms 41 is provided.
Is formed with a protruding piece 43 bent downward.
As described above, the outer circumference of the spring 30 is
End 31 is engaged. In addition, a third disk-shaped
2 Center the rotation center S on the upper surface of the spring receiving member 50
A pair of substantially sector-shaped first protrusions at positions opposed by 180 degrees with each other.
A protrusion 51 is provided, and the first protrusion 51 and the first protrusion 51 are formed at a predetermined angle.
In a position that is 180 degrees apart from each other,
A pair of substantially fan-shaped second protrusions 52 are provided in plan view. As shown in FIG. 3A, the input-side rotating member
When 10 rotates in the A direction, the rotation is
The forward rotation input rotation transmitting section AI transmitted to the receiving member 40
Drive projection 11 of side rotation member 10 and first spring receiving member
Abutment portions 11a, 41 of the 40 arms 41 which abut each other
a, and the second spring receiving member 50 moves in the direction A.
When rotated, the rotation is transmitted to the output side rotation member 20.
The rotation output rotation transmitting portion AO is provided with a second spring receiving member 50.
Of the first projection 51 and the arm 21 of the output-side rotating member 20.
It is composed of a set of abutting portions 51a and 21a. Further, as shown in FIG.
When the rolling member 10 rotates in the B direction, the rotation is
Reverse input rotation transmission section BI transmitted to ring receiving member 50
Are the drive projection 11 of the input side rotating member 10 and the second spring
Butting portion 1 of first projection 51 of receiving member 50 that abuts each other
1b, 51b, and the first spring receiving member 40
Is rotated in the B direction, the rotation is output side rotation member 20
The reverse rotation output rotation transmission part BO transmitted to the first spring
The projecting piece 43 of the receiving member 40 and the arm 2 of the output side rotating member 20
1 is composed of a set of abutting portions 41b and 21b which abut each other.
You. FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show a collision.
Although no state is shown, the first spring receiving member 40 and
The second spring receiving member 50 has relatively rotated by a predetermined angle or more.
Input rotary damper that directly transmits the torque on the drive side to the driven side
The eject transmission section DI is provided with an arm of the first spring receiving member 40.
Arm 41 and the second projection 52 of the second spring receiving member 50
It comprises a set of abutting portions 41d and 52d which abut each other. FIGS. 4 and 5 are plan views of main parts of the waiting mechanism 6. FIG.
As shown in FIG.
The stoppers 65 and 66 provided on the inner periphery
The range that can be turned is specified by the contact of the protruding piece 23 provided.
Have been. Further, the input side rotating member 10 is not shown.
The motor 2 is stopped by the signal of the position detection switch.
As a result, it can rotate only within a predetermined angle range
I have. Next, this actuator 1 is driven by a four-wheel drive.
High / low (4H / 4L) switching operation, that is, FIG.
When used for moving the slide gear as shown in Fig. 0
The operation of will be described. 4 (a) to 4 (d) show 4L to 4L.
A plane showing the state change of the waiting mechanism 6 when switching to H
FIG. 5A to FIG. 5D show switching from 4H to 4L.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state change of the waiting mechanism 6 in a case. First, cutting from 4L to 4H using FIG.
The operation when the replacement is performed will be described. (A) is a 4L shape
(D) shows the state of 4H. Switching between these
In a later stable state, the arm 21 of the output side rotation member 20
A projecting piece 23 provided at the tip is provided on the inner periphery of the housing 5.
By hitting the stoppers 65 and 66, respectively, the output shaft 2
Two positions are defined. Now, from the 4L state shown in FIG.
When switching to the state of 4H shown in FIG.
By driving, the input-side rotating member 10 rotates forward in the A direction.
Let it. Then, the input-side rotating member 10 in the A direction is
First, the rotation torque is applied to the drive projection 1 of the input side rotation member 10.
1 pushes the arm 41 of the first spring receiving member 40
As a result, the input rotation transmitting portion AI (forward contact portions 11a,
1a) to the spring 30 and the spring
30, the first projection 51 of the second spring receiving member 50
By pressing the arm 21 of the output side rotating member 20, the correct
Via the rotation output rotation transmission unit AO (abutment units 51a, 21a)
As a result, it is transmitted to the output side rotation member 120. Here, the switching object (for example, FIG.
Output side rotating member 20 receives from the slide gear shown in FIG.
Load is small ("low load" + "low load")
), The spring 30 hardly bends.
The rotation torque of the input side rotating member 10 is
20 as it is, and the output shaft 22 is
It rotates following the material 10. As a result, the state of (a)
Directly go to the state of (d). That is, the "pulling load"
When small, the small deflection of the spring 30
When the gear is disengaged by the generated torque and the "load on" is small
The torque generated by the small deflection of the spring 30
The gears come in When the state of (d) is reached, the output
The projecting piece 23 of the side rotation member 20 is
By hitting the topper 66, the "4H" position is assured
Done in On the other hand, from the 4L state shown in FIG.
Switching load when switching to the 4H state shown in
Is large, that is, the object to be switched (slide gear
Etc.), the "pulling load" received by the output side rotating member 20 is large.
(A)
From the state to the intermediate state of (b) or (c),
The state shifts to the state (d) later. First, a case where the "pulling load" is large
To explain, when the "pulling load" is large,
Timing of gear removal (timing of gear synchronization)
Wait until the spring 30 bends until the load
Is reduced, the deflection reaction force of the spring 30 causes
Gear will come off, but the unloading load will not decrease
To the angle at which the spring 30 exhibits the maximum rotational torque.
If the gear does not come out even if it is deflected by
In this actuator, as shown in FIG.
The arm 41 of the ring receiving member 40 is
Abutting against the second projection 52 of the material 50, and
The first spring receiving member 40 is directly driven by the second
By pushing the spring receiving member 50, the output side rotating member 20 is
Rotate the output shaft 22 without the spring 30
The gear is pulled out by turning the motor 2 by force. That is, the first
The pulling receiving member 40 is moved relative to the second spring receiving member 50.
Relative rotation more than a predetermined angle (regulation angle) α (see (a))
By doing so, the input rotation direct transmission unit DI (first spur)
Arm 41 of ring receiving member 40 and second spring receiving member
50 through the abutting portions 41d, 52d) of the second projections 52.
The second spring from the arm 41 of the first spring receiving member 40.
The rotation protrusion of the motor 2 is attached to the second protrusion 52 of the coupling receiving member 50.
Torque is transmitted directly and the rotation applied to the input side rotating member 10
The force is applied to the output side rotating member 20 without passing through the spring 30.
Directly communicated. And directly with the power of motor 2
Pull out the gear. Thus, when the gear comes off, the spring
30 flexures are released. Thereafter, when the "load" is small
When the state directly shifts to the state of (d) and the "load" is large
The state shifts to the state (c). Next, the case where the "load" is large
To explain, when the "entry load" is large,
The output shaft 22 locks before entering the "gear gear"
As a result, the input side rotating member 10 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 2.
But the output side rotation member 20 does not follow the rotation.
Become. Therefore, the input side and the output
The first spring receiving member 40 and the second
The spring is moved by an amount corresponding to the relative rotation angle of the spring receiving member 50.
The spring 30 is bent (tightened), and the spring 30
The input rotational torque is stored as bending energy
Become. The input-side rotating member 10 includes the first spring receiving member 4.
0 of the second spring receiving member 50
It rotates until just before the collision with the starting point 52, and the signal of the position detection sensor
The motor stops at the position
You. Therefore, at this stage, the rotation of the motor 2 is
Is not transmitted to the output side rotating member 20. This state
This is the waiting state shown in FIG. And act on the output side
The load was reduced and accumulated in the spring 30
When the rotational torque is reduced to less than the
When the lugi is released, the second spring receiving member
The first protrusion 51 of the arm 21 of the output side rotating member 20
Press and rotate to move from the state of (c) to the state of (d).
And a gear change is achieved. Next, cutting from 4H to 4L using FIG.
The operation when the replacement is performed will be described. (A) is the shape of 4H
(D) shows the state of 4L. Now in (a)
Switching from the 4H state shown to the 4L state shown in (d)
In this case, by driving the motor 2,
The material 10 is reversed in the B direction. Then, in the B direction
First, the rotation torque of the input side rotating member 10
The drive projection 11 of the member 10 is
By pressing the first projection 51, the input rotation transmitting portion at the time of reverse rotation
The spring 30 is connected via the BI (abutment portions 11b and 51b).
To the first spring receiving portion from the spring 30
The arm 41 of the material 40 is the arm 21 of the output side rotating member 20.
By pressing, the output rotation transmission unit BO at reverse rotation (abutment unit)
41b, 21b) to the output side rotating member 20.
Will be. Here, the switching object (for example, FIG. 10)
Output side rotating member 20 receives from the slide gear shown in FIG.
Load is small ("low load" + "low load")
), The spring 30 hardly bends.
The rotation torque of the input side rotating member 10 is
20 as it is, and the output shaft 22 is
It rotates following the material 10. As a result, the state of (a)
Directly go to the state of (d). That is, the "pulling load"
When small, the small deflection of the spring 30
When the gear is disengaged by the generated torque and the "load on" is small
The torque generated by the small deflection of the spring 30
The gears come in When the state of (d) is reached, the output
The projecting piece 23 of the side rotation member 20 is
By hitting the topper 65, "4L" position is assured
Done in On the other hand, from the state of 4H shown in FIG.
Switching load when switching to the 4L state shown in
Is large, that is, the object to be switched (slide gear
Etc.), the "pulling load" received by the output side rotating member 20 is large.
(A)
From the state to the intermediate state of (b) or (c),
The state shifts to the state (d) later. First, when the “pulling load” is large
To explain, when the "pulling load" is large,
Timing of gear removal (timing of gear synchronization)
Wait until the spring 30 bends until the load
Is reduced, the deflection reaction force of the spring 30 causes
Gear will come off, but the unloading load will not decrease
To the angle at which the spring 30 exhibits the maximum rotational torque.
If the gear does not come out even if it is deflected by
In this actuator, as shown in FIG.
The second projection 52 of the ring receiving member 50 is the first spring receiving portion.
It is the drive side at the time of reverse rotation by abutting against the arm 41 of the material 40.
The second protrusion 52 of the second spring receiving member 50 is directly driven.
Push the arm 41 of the first spring receiving member 40
Then, the output side rotating member 20 is rotated, and the output shaft 22 is spun.
Forcibly turn with the power of the motor 2 without going through the ring 30
Pull out the gear. That is, the second spring receiving member 50 is
A predetermined angle (restriction angle) α with respect to the spring receiving member 40
[See (a)] By rotating above, the input rotation
Transmission part DI (the arm 41 of the first spring receiving member 40).
Of the second projection 52 of the second spring receiving member 50
1d, 52d) through the second spring receiving member 50
The rotation torque of the motor 2 is applied to the first spring receiving member 40 from
Directly communicated. And directly with the power of motor 2
Pull out the gear. Thus, when the gear comes off, the spring
30 flexures are released. Thereafter, when the "load" is small,
When the state directly shifts to the state of (d) and the "load" is large
, The state shifts to the state of (c). Next, a case where the "load" is large
To explain, when the "entry load" is large,
The output shaft 22 locks before entering the "gear gear"
As a result, the input side rotating member 10 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 2.
But the output side rotation member 20 does not follow the rotation.
Become. Therefore, the input side and the output
The first spring receiving member 40 and the second
The spring is moved by an amount corresponding to the relative rotation angle of the spring receiving member 50.
The spring 30 is bent (tightened), and the spring 30
The input rotational torque is stored as bending energy
Become. The input-side rotating member 10 includes the second spring receiving member 5.
The second projection 52 of the first spring receiving member 40
It rotates until just before it collides with the
The motor stops at the position
You. Therefore, at this stage, the rotation of the motor 2 is
Is not transmitted to the output side rotating member 20. This state
This is the waiting state shown in FIG. And act on the output side
The load was reduced and accumulated in the spring 30
When the rotational torque is reduced to less than the
When the lugi is released, the first spring receiving member
40 arm 41 is connected to the arm 21 of the output side rotating member 20.
Press to rotate the output side rotating member 20 and check whether it is in the state of (c).
Shifts to the state of (d), gear change is achieved
You. The above operation can be summarized as follows.
In performing the replacement, in each of the following cases ~
4. The states shift in the order shown by the arrows in FIG. (A) when "low load" + "low load"
(D) When "large load" + "low load", (a) →
(B) → (d) When “large load” + “large load”, (a) →
(B) → (c) → (d) When “low load” + “high load”, (a) →
(C) → (d) Next, the above operation is performed by using the operating angle and the spring.
Let's take a look at the change in deflection angle. Figure 6 illustrates these characteristics.
The results are shown below. However, in this case,
The load when pulling out (pulling load) is the maximum rotation of the spring
Larger than the torque, the gear can be pulled out smoothly
It shows the characteristics when there is not. (A) of the figure
Gear when entering smoothly (when the incoming load is small)
Output shaft and actuator gear (input side rotating member 10)
(Upper figure) showing the change in the operating angle of
It is a figure (lower figure) which shows the change of a bending angle. (B)
When the gear to be engaged does not engage (when the incoming load is large)
It is the same figure as (a). As can be seen from the upper and lower views of (a) and (b).
When the "pulling load" is large, the section for pulling out the gear
In the first half, the operating angle of the output shaft is
It does not change regardless of the operating angle of the gear (input side rotating member).
No. That is, the output shaft remains stopped. Therefore,
1. The relative rotation angle of the second spring receiving members 40 and 50
Due to the increase, the spring 30 bends. However,
Deflection angle is increased, and the expected maximum rotational torque can be exhibited
If the gear comes out of the gear
If so, the gear will not be pulled out. Therefore, in this actuator,
That is, the spring 30 is bent by the predetermined angle α.
The gear cannot be disengaged despite the
The first spring receiving member 40 and the second spring receiving member 50
Directly abut by the input rotation direct transmission unit DI
You. Then, both spring receiving members 40 and 50 are in direct abutment.
As a result, the output can be directly output by the force of the input side
The gear is pulled out by rotating the side rotation member 20. Its forcibly
The section where the gear is removed is the direct push section indicated by. This
In the section of, the actuator gear (input side rotating member)
The operating angle of the output shaft follows the operating angle of 10). On the other hand,
Pulling 30 does not bend any more and maintains constant bending
(Angle restriction). When the gear comes off in this way, the spring 30
When the deflection of the output shaft is released, the output shaft rotates suddenly.
section). In the next section, as shown in FIG.
When the gear smoothly enters the gear to be
Since the shaft is not particularly heavily loaded,
Following the rotation of the heater gear, the spring 30 is particularly bent.
The gear is engaged and the switching is completed without any delay. On the other hand, in the section, as shown in FIG.
When the gear does not enter the "gear to be put" smoothly
Has a large load on the output shaft after the idle running period.
Therefore, the output shaft does not follow the rotation of the actuator gear.
And the spring 30 bends, accumulating rotational torque.
Waiting. And that the gears are in sync
The output shaft is turned by the force stored in the spring 30 and
The switching is achieved. The spring deflection angle is different from the pulling load.
The relationship can take various forms. P1 in FIG. 7 is negative
When the load torque is very large and the spring
Shows the characteristics, P2 is the load torque is the maximum rotation of the spring
The graph shows characteristics at a level that balances with the torque. As described above, the actuator of the embodiment
By using, reliable switching operation of 4L · 4H
Can do the work. Also, when the gear slippage is bad
Pulls the gear directly with the power of the motor without going through the spring
Therefore, lower the maximum rotation torque of the spring.
Even if it is fixed, the gear can be reliably removed. vice versa
In other words, there is no need to use strong springs
This is advantageous in terms of cost. It should be noted that the input rotation direct transmission section DI is structured.
The second spring receiving member 50 provided for
The protrusion 52 is formed by a first protrusion 51 provided on the member 50.
It may be configured as one continuous projection without separation
No. In the above embodiment, the activator of the present invention is used.
Performs switching operation between 4L and 4H for four-wheel drive
The case where the actuator of the present invention is used is shown.
Of course can be used for switching between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive.
Wear. As described above, according to the present invention,
Reliable switching operation even when the gear removal load is large
As a result, reliability can be improved. Also, gear removal
Directly without a spring when the load is large
To the output side to execute the pulling operation
So don't increase the spring set torque too much
Also gets better.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an overall configuration of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an enlarged main part of the actuator. 3A and 3B are plan views used to describe the engagement relationship of components of a waiting mechanism provided in the actuator. FIG. 3A illustrates the engagement relationship when the input-side rotating member rotates in the A direction (forward rotation). FIG. 6B is a plan view showing an engagement relationship when the input-side rotating member rotates (reversely rotates) in the B direction. FIG. 4 shows states (a) to (d) of a waiting mechanism when switching from 4L to 4H is performed by the same actuator.
FIG. FIG. 5 shows states (a) to (d) of a waiting mechanism when switching from 4H to 4L is performed by the same actuator.
FIG. 6A and 6B are characteristic diagrams of the same actuator, in which FIG. 6A is a characteristic diagram when a “gear to be engaged” smoothly enters, and FIG. 6B is a characteristic diagram when a “gear to be engaged” does not smoothly enter. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of characteristics of the actuator. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a waiting mechanism provided in a conventional actuator. FIGS. 9A to 9D are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the waiting mechanism. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a four-wheel drive 4H / 4L switching structure. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing load torque characteristics acting on an actuator when switching between 4H and 4L is performed. 12A and 12B are characteristic diagrams of a conventional actuator, in which FIG. 12A is a diagram showing load torque characteristics when the withdrawal load torque is smaller than the set torque of the spring, and FIG. 12B is a diagram when the "gear to be engaged" smoothly enters. The characteristic diagram (c) is a characteristic diagram when the "gear to be engaged" does not enter smoothly. 13A and 13B are characteristic diagrams of a conventional actuator, in which FIG. 13A shows a load torque characteristic when the withdrawal load torque is greater than the set torque of the spring, and FIG. 13B shows a case where the "gear to be engaged" smoothly enters. The characteristic diagram (c) is a characteristic diagram when the "gear to be engaged" does not enter smoothly. [Description of Signs] 1 Actuator 2 Motor 3 Waiting mechanism unit 6 Waiting mechanism 10 Input rotating member (wheel gear) 20 Output rotating member 30 Spring 40 First spring receiving member 50 Second spring receiving member AI Normal rotation input rotation Transmission unit AO Forward rotation output rotation transmission unit BI Reverse rotation input rotation transmission unit BO Reverse rotation output rotation transmission unit DI Input rotation direct transmission unit

Claims (1)

1. A motor as a drive source, an input-side rotating member rotationally driven by the motor, an output-side rotating member connected to an output shaft, and an output from the input-side rotating member. A spring interposed on the power transmission path to the side rotating member, storing the rotational torque given from the input side rotating member as its own flexure when the output side rotating member is unable to rotate, and receiving both ends of the spring and A first spring receiving member and a second spring receiving member for giving a deflection to the spring according to the relative rotation of the input side rotating member, the output side rotating member, the first spring receiving member, and the second spring receiving member. Are rotatably provided on the same center of rotation, and the input side rotating member and the first spring receiving member receive an input when the input side rotating member rotates forward. A forward rotation input rotation transmitting portion that transmits forward rotation of the side rotation member to the first spring receiving member is provided, and when the second spring receiving member rotates forward, A forward rotation output rotation transmitting portion for transmitting the forward rotation of the second spring receiving member to the output side rotating member is provided, and the input side rotating member and the second spring receiving member are provided when the input side rotating member reversely rotates. A reverse rotation input rotation transmitting portion for transmitting the reverse rotation of the input-side rotating member to the second spring receiving member, wherein the first spring receiving member and the output-side rotating member have a second rotation when the first spring receiving member reversely rotates; An actuator provided with a reverse rotation output rotation transmitting portion for transmitting reverse rotation of one spring receiving member to an output side rotating member, wherein the first spring receiving member and the second spring receiving member have a predetermined angle. Actuator, characterized in that input rotation direct transmission unit for transmitting directly without passing through the spring to the driven side is provided abutting to a rotational force of the drive-side to each other when the relative rotation or more.