JP2003325629A - Manual breathing apparatus for resuscitation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manual breathing apparatus for resuscitation that can be used even by a beginner, suppressing an air leak and capable of positively feeding air to a patient. <P>SOLUTION: The manual breathing apparatus 1 for resuscitation includes a pump 3 discharging internal air from a discharge opening during manual compression, and a mask 2 connected to the discharge opening 5 of the pump and covering the mouth and nose of the patient receiving a resuscitative measure. It is characterized in that gel synthetic resin with high flexibility and low repulsion is provided in a portion of the mask 2 contacting the patient. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation that can manually and efficiently inject air into the respiratory tract to perform artificial respiration on a patient who has stopped breathing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When performing artificial respiration on a patient whose breathing has stopped, the most reliable method is to insert an intubation tube into the trachea and perform artificial respiration. However, endotracheal intubation is a difficult procedure and cannot be promptly intubated even if the doctor is not used to it. In addition, it is impossible for an unfamiliar ordinary person to perform endotracheal intubation and artificial respiration, and therefore, it is not suitable for emergency resuscitation performed by an ordinary person when a large-scale disaster such as an earthquake occurs. Therefore, artificial respiration using a mask has been proposed so that ordinary people can handle it.

Conventionally, a simple ventilator provided with a bag called an AMBU bag and a mask has been provided for this kind of purpose. This AMBU bag is made of a rubber bag that pushes air out by grasping it with your hand and then pulls it out, and a soft material such as rubber that is attached to the air outlet of this bag via a valve. And a mask. The mask is connected to the side of the bag, so that one hand holds the mask in close contact with the patient's mouth and nose while the other hand compresses and opens the bag to ensure the patient's breathing. Has become.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-96007 discloses a resuscitation device including a telescopic air pump connected to a mask to be put on the mouth and nose of a person to be resuscitated. The pump in this resuscitation device includes cylindrically fitted slidable outer and inner members, which are provided with openings and valves, and whose inner air is resuscitated by the reciprocating movement of the outer member. It is configured so that it can be supplied to people. An opening is formed in the vicinity of the mask so that the air discharged by the person to be resuscitated can be discharged.

Further, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-51356, a pair of end plates, a shaft for pivotally supporting the pair of end plates so as to be retractable between the end plates, and the pair of end plates are provided between the end plates. A pump chamber, a grip portion provided on the end plate to allow the both end plates to rotate relative to each other, and a repulsion means for returning between the two end plates that are relatively rotated and contracted by the operation of the grip portion. When,
A manual pump having a face mask provided on the manual pump is disclosed.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned conventional manual respirator has the following problems. The AMBU bag and the devices described in JP-A-5-96007 and JP-A-2000-51356 use a soft pad containing air at the contact portion of the mask with the face to fit the face as much as possible. However, when the mask is pressed against the face, the airtightness of the soft pad or the like was insufficient. In other words, it is impossible to give a certain degree of airtightness to all different patients such as the size and shape of the patient's face, the degree of undulations (irregularities), the degree of flesh, etc. There is a gap between them, and air leakage easily occurs through the gap,
There was a problem that it was difficult to deliver the effective air volume for resuscitation to the patient.

Further, the AMBU bag has a mask with one hand and covers the patient's mouth and nose while pressing it,
The other side of the mask presses the pump next to the mask to send in air, and the operation of pressing the mask and the operation of compressing the pump are performed separately, resulting in sufficient operation for pressing the mask. However, there is a problem that the mask pressing force becomes weak and air easily leaks from the gap between the mask and the patient's face. In particular, when a beginner who has no prior knowledge performs artificial respiration treatment using this, there is a problem that the leak amount becomes extremely large and the effective air amount for resuscitation cannot be sent to the patient. In addition, the one with the bellows type bag on the mask has the force to push the bag,
Although the directions in which the mask is pressed against the patient are the same, the axial direction of the force for pressing the bag easily shifts, and air leaks easily occur between the mask and the face.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a manual resuscitation apparatus for emergency resuscitation that can be used even by a beginner, does not easily leak air, and can reliably supply air to a patient.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pump for discharging internal air from a discharge port during manual compression, and a patient who is connected to the discharge port of the pump and undergoes resuscitation treatment. In a manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation including a mask covering a mouth and a nose, a part of the mask that comes into contact with a patient is provided with a highly elastic and low-resilience gel-like synthetic resin. Provide a manual breathing apparatus for use.

In the manual resuscitation apparatus for emergency resuscitation according to the present invention, the pump is arranged on the mask so that the compression pressing direction of the pump and the pressing direction for pressing and holding the mask against the patient are substantially the same. It is preferable to have a structure. Further, the discharge port of the pump and the mask may be connected by a tube, and the mask may be provided with a locking means for fixing the pump detachably. Further, the gel synthetic resin is preferably at least one of polyethylene gel and silicone gel. Furthermore, the gel-like synthetic resin may be made of a softer material on the side in contact with the patient than on the side in contact with the mask. Further, when the pump is pressed, the lower end on the face side of the pump may be located closer to the face than the upper end of the mask around the mask.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a manual respirator for emergency resuscitation (hereinafter referred to as a manual respirator) of the present invention. This manual breathing apparatus 1 connects a pump 3 that discharges internal air from a discharge port 5 during manual compression, and a mouth and a nose of a patient who is connected to the discharge port 5 of the pump 3 through a tube and undergoes resuscitation. And a mask 2 for covering. This manual breathing apparatus 1 is characterized in that a highly elastic and low-resilience gel-like synthetic resin 11 is provided on the portion of the mask 2 that comes into contact with the patient. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the mask is applied to a position where the nose and mouth are closed.

The mask 2 is made of a transparent synthetic resin and has a substantially cup-shaped mask body 9 capable of completely covering the nose and mouth when the mask body 9 is applied to the patient's face.
And an annular gel-like synthetic resin 11 fixed to the lower surface side (the patient's face side) of the peripheral portion of the. The synthetic resin material forming the mask main body 9 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected and used from various conventionally known synthetic resin materials, but is preferably a transparent synthetic resin so that the inside can be observed. Composed of. Further, the mask body 9 may be made of a hard synthetic resin or a soft material such as silicone rubber. The size of the mask main body 9 may be such that it can completely cover the nose and mouth when it is applied to the patient's face, but depending on the age of the patient, it can be used for adults and children, or small, medium, large, etc. It is preferred to provide several sizes. In this mask body 9,
An inlet (not shown) for supplying air into the mask body 9 through the tube 4 is provided. The patient's exhaled air may be discharged to the outside through an outlet provided near the inlet, or an exhaust port having an exhaust valve may be provided separately.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mask body 9 is provided with a plurality of small holes along the peripheral edge thereof.
On the other hand, on the upper surface of the gel-like synthetic resin 11 formed in an annular shape, a projection 13 forcibly fitted in the small hole is provided. The shape of the protrusion 13 may be such that the gel-like synthetic resin 11 can be easily fixed without slipping out or wobbling after being forcibly fitted into the small hole on the side of the mask body 9. You can choose. To attach the gel-like synthetic resin 11 to the mask body 9, the projection 13 of the gel-like synthetic resin 11 is aligned with the position of the small hole of the mask body 9, and the projection 13 is forcedly fitted into the small hole. By pulling up the protrusions 13 from above the small holes by using an appropriate tool such as tweezers, all the protrusions 13 are removed from the mask main body 9
It is carried out by forcibly fitting it into the small hole of.

As the gel-like synthetic resin 11, a highly elastic and low-resilience gel containing a thermoplastic synthetic resin or a thermosetting resin as a main component is used. For example, polyethylene gel manufactured by Cosmo Keiki Co., Ltd. ), A silicone gel manufactured by Toray (trade name Toray Silicone Gel), and the like. These gels have the flexibility of easily deforming according to the applied pressure without breaking when pressure is applied. As shown in FIG. 4, the gel-like synthetic resin 11 is an annular sheet having a thickness that provides sufficient airtightness when it is fixed to the mask body 9 and pressed against the face, and the thickness is 4 to 4.
The length is about 20 mm, preferably about 6 to 15 mm.

The hardness of the gel-like synthetic resin 11 may be constant in the thickness direction, or the side contacting with the patient may be made of a softer material than the material fixed on the mask body 9. May be. The hardness of the gel can be controlled by changing the content of the plasticizer or the degree of crosslinking of the polymer. As described above, the side that contacts the patient is made of a softer material than the side that is fixed to the mask body 9, so that the holding force of the gel-like synthetic resin 11 on the mask body 9 is improved and it becomes difficult to remove it. In addition, the adhesiveness of the gel-like synthetic resin 11 to the face is improved, and the airtightness of the mask 2 can be improved.

The pump 3 is made of a soft resin hollow body such as rubber, and discharges internal air from the discharge port 5 when the body is pressed by hand to compress it, and the discharge state is released by releasing the compressed state. Inlet 6 with check valve provided on the opposite side of
Air can be introduced from here. This pump 3
Is a volume that can sufficiently obtain the amount of air required when performing resuscitation, and is usually about 1 to 5 liters, preferably about 2 liters.

The pump 3 may be constructed separately from the mask 2 as long as it is connected to the mask 2 via a tube 4, but is preferably fixed on the mask 2 for use. As a means for fixing the pump 3 on the mask 2, a cotton fastener or the like can be used to detachably engage the both. Further, a part of the pump 3 may be adhered or fusion-bonded (thermocompression bonded) onto the mask 2, or a locking groove provided on one side may be locked with a locking protrusion provided on the other side. Alternatively, both can be detachably coupled by using a fixing means for forcibly fitting the protrusion provided on the other side into the recess provided on one side or a fastening means such as a bolt. In this way, by forming the pump 3 on the mask 2, the direction of pressing the mask 2 and the direction of compressing the pump 3 are substantially the same, and the pump 3
When the pump 3 is compressed by placing a hand on the face, the mask 2 is pressed against the face side by the force, the mask pressing force is increased and the airtightness is enhanced, the leakage of air is reduced, and the air is efficiently discharged. It can be delivered to the patient (see Figure 6).

The pump 3 may have any shape as long as the internal air can be efficiently discharged from the discharge port 5 when the body is pressed by hand and compressed. The shape of the pump 3 is cylindrical, barrel, polygonal, rugby ball, or the like. It can be formed into various shapes such as a bale shape, a pillow shape, a spherical shape, and a thick plate shape. As a preferred embodiment, the pump 3
The lower end on the face side is positioned closer to the face than the upper end on the mask 2. In this way, the lower end of the pump 3 is attached to the mask 2
By positioning the pump 3 and the mask 2 on the face side with respect to the upper end, it is possible to prevent the problem that the pump 3 and the mask 2 are coupled with each other and are displaced from the mask 2 when compressing the pump 3.

A tube 4 connecting the pump 3 and the mask 2
Is made of a soft synthetic resin such as silicone rubber or a soft vinyl chloride resin, and is connected to the mask 2 via a check valve 8. The check valve 8 introduces air discharged from the pump 3 and sent through the tube 4 from an inlet (not shown) of the mask 2 and exhaled air of a patient from an outlet (not shown) of the mask. It is adapted to be discharged from another outlet of the check valve 8. The check valve 8 is preferably arranged at a position where the height of the mask 2 is made as small as possible. By making the height of the mask 2 as small as possible, the extra internal volume of the mask 2 is reduced, and the supply air can be efficiently sent to the patient.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the mask 2. In this example, by providing an inner peripheral wall portion facing the peripheral wall portion of the mask main body 9 with a predetermined distance, the lower surface side (patient (Face side) of the box-shaped groove that opens toward the. The shape of the holding groove portion 10 is not limited to this example, and may be any other shape as long as it can hold the gel-like synthetic resin 11. For example, one or more of the holding groove portions 10 may be provided at desired positions in order to enhance the gel holding force. Protrusions or recesses can be provided. The width of the holding groove portion 10 is usually 5
It is about 30 mm, preferably about 10-15 mm.

When the gel-like synthetic resin 11 is held in the holding groove portion 10 of the mask body 9, as shown in FIG. 5, an appropriate gap 12 is provided between the gel-like synthetic resin 11 and the bottom of the holding groove portion 10. It is desirable to have it. Such a gap 1
2 is provided so that when the mask 2 is pressed against the face, the gap 12 forms a gel-like synthetic resin 11
Can be freely deformed and moved, and the thickness can be changed according to the unevenness of the face, and the degree of fitting to the face can be increased. Furthermore, if a gap is provided between the bottom of the holding groove and the gel-like synthetic resin, the air in this gap acts as an air spring when compressed, so that the sealing property is further improved.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case where an artificial respiration procedure (resuscitation) is performed using the manual respiration device 1 shown in FIG. When performing the artificial respiration procedure, the airway of the patient is secured before using the manual breathing apparatus 1. Securing the airway is the first step of the emergency resuscitation method, and there are various methods for that.
In the case of emergency resuscitation, it is desirable that the method be as simple as possible. For example, it is performed by a series of motions of head flexion, mandibular forward movement (or lower jaw elevation), and opening. This prevents subsidence of the tongue. If there is a foreign body in the mouth, remove it immediately.

Subsequently, the mask 2 is applied to the face of the patient to cover the mouth and nose, and as shown in FIG. 6, the pump 3 fixed on the mask 2 is pressed by hand from top to bottom. In this manual breathing apparatus 1, by providing a highly elastic and low-resilience gel-like synthetic resin 11 on the face side of the mask 2, this gel fits the face and good airtightness is obtained. The amount of air leaking from 2 is reduced. Also, the mask 2
With the structure in which the pump 3 is overlaid, the direction in which the mask 2 is pressed and the direction in which the pump 3 is compressed are substantially the same, and when a hand is placed on the pump 3 to compress the pump 3, The mask 2 is pressed to the face side by the force, the mask pressing force is increased, the airtightness is enhanced, the leakage of air is reduced, and the air can be efficiently delivered to the patient.

The pump 3 is pushed to such an extent that the patient's chest wall is lifted up, and then the bag is rapidly loosened to perform exhalation.
The patient's breathing is secured by repeating this operation.
Furthermore, if the patient has an acute cardiac arrest, artificially circulate the blood with a heart massage, etc. as soon as possible,
It is necessary to supply oxygen to the brain.

In this respirator, the gel-like synthetic resin 11 having high elasticity and low resilience is provided on the face side of the mask 2, so that the gel fits on the face and good airtightness is obtained. The amount of air leaking from the mask 2 is reduced.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a manual breathing apparatus that can be used even by a beginner, is less likely to cause air leakage, and can reliably supply air to a patient.

[0026]

[Example] Conventional artificial respirator (AMBU bag)
And a manual breathing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 were used to compare the leak rates using a dummy imitating a human body capable of measuring the air leak rate (hereinafter referred to as the leak rate). Ten men and women were selected as subjects (experimenter who carried out artificial respiration). The breakdown is 7 males and 3 females. In addition, among the subjects, 5 persons who have practiced artificial respiration with a conventional artificial respiration device (AMBU bag) at least once (hereinafter referred to as artificial respiration experienced persons) are included, and the remaining 5 persons are once. I had never practiced (hereinafter referred to as "inexperienced artificial respiration").

(Example) As shown in FIG. 1, a manual breathing apparatus equipped with a pump 3 having an internal volume of 2 liters and a mask 2 equipped with polyethylene gel (trade name: Cosmogel, manufactured by Cosmo Keiki Co., Ltd.) was prepared. , Used for this experiment. The gel-like synthetic resin used had a thickness of 10 mm and a width of 20 mm. Each subject was given artificial respiration and the leak rate was measured. Note that the "leak rate" is the leak rate = {(X- when the total air supply amount is X (unit: liter, hereinafter referred to as L) and the dummy intratracheal effective air supply amount is Y (L).
It was calculated as Y) / X} × 100 (%). If this leak rate is small, it means that the amount of air sent from the pump leaks from the mask is small and effectively reaches the patient's respiratory tract. Conversely, if the leak rate is high, the air leaking from the mask is small. It indicates that the amount of air is large and the amount of air reaching the airway is small. The results are summarized in Table 1.

(Comparative Example) Conventional AMBU bag (AM
(Manufactured by BU Co.) was used in this experiment as it was, and each subject was subjected to artificial respiration, and the leak rate was measured. The bag (pump) content of the conventional product is the same as that of the embodiment. The results are summarized in Table 1.

[0029]

[Table 1]

From the results of Table 1, in the example according to the present invention in which the gel-like synthetic resin was provided on the face side of the mask, the conventional product (A
It shows that the leak rate is lower than that of the MBU bag, the amount of air leaking from the mask is large, and the amount of air reaching the airway is small. In particular, the leak rate was significantly increased in women who were weaker than men and were considered to have weaker mask retention. Further, it has been found that a person who has experienced artificial respiration can supply air with almost no air leakage, and if he gains experience using the manual breathing apparatus of the present invention, it will be extremely effective in resuscitation. Furthermore, in the manual breathing apparatus of the example, when the pump was fixed on the mask and artificial respiration was performed as shown in FIG. 6, the leak rate was further improved.

[0031]

According to the present invention, even a beginner can use it,
It is possible to provide a manual breathing apparatus that is unlikely to cause air leakage and can reliably supply air to a patient.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a mask is applied.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the mask.

6 is a perspective view for explaining a state in which an artificial respiration procedure (resuscitation) is performed using the device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Manual breathing device (manual breathing device for emergency resuscitation) 2 mask 3 pumps 4 tubes 5 outlets 9 Mask body 10 Holding groove 11 Gel synthetic resin 12 gaps 13 Projection

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation comprising a pump for discharging internal air from a discharge port during manual compression, and a mask connected to the discharge port of the pump and covering a mouth and a nose of a patient undergoing resuscitation treatment. 2. A manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation, wherein a highly elastic and low-resilience gel-like synthetic resin is provided in a portion of the mask that contacts the patient. 2. The manual for emergency resuscitation according to claim 1, wherein the pump is arranged on the mask so that the compression pressing direction of the pump and the pressing direction for pressing and holding the mask against the patient are substantially the same. Breathing apparatus. 3. The emergency resuscitation system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port of the pump and the mask are connected by a tube, and the mask is provided with a locking means for removably fixing the pump. Manual breathing apparatus for. 4. The gel-like synthetic resin is at least one of polyethylene gel and silicone gel.
A manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation according to any one of 1 to 3. 5. The manual for emergency resuscitation according to claim 1, wherein the gel-like synthetic resin is made of a softer material on the side in contact with the patient than on the side in contact with the mask. Breathing apparatus. 6. The manual resuscitation device for emergency resuscitation according to claim 1, wherein when the pump is pressed, the lower end on the face side of the pump is located closer to the face than the upper end of the mask around the mask. .