JP2003322605A - Method of calculation for moisture permeable characteristics of moisture permeable film - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of calculation of transferring mass of water vapor under same partial vapor pressure under isobaric and isothermal condition wherein it is able to represent the moisture permeable characteristics of the moisture permeable film, and also to provide a calculation method of pressure ratio of transferring mass of water vapor useful for selection or design for vapor traveling control device for more than 3 sheets. <P>SOLUTION: The moisture permeable film is provided on the passage between two spaces of isothermal and isobar which are kept in temperature of -30 to 150°C, and in pressure of 0.5 to 800 mmHg. The relative humidity of one space is set at RH<SB>s</SB>of film characteristic inspection and that of another space is at RH<SB>h</SB>which is higher than the RH<SB>s</SB>, and the transfer mass m<SB>vh</SB>of the water vapor is measured with time. Then the relative humidity of former space is set at RH<SB>l</SB>lower than RH<SB>s</SB>, the transfer mass of water vapor m<SB>vl</SB>is measured with time. And the relative humidity of latter space is set at RH<SB>s</SB>same as that of the former space RH<SB>s</SB>, the transfer mass m<SB>v</SB>of the water vapor is calculated from m<SB>v</SB><SP>h</SP>, m<SB>v</SB><SP>l</SP>, RH<SB>h</SB>, RH<SB>l</SB>, and RH<SB>s</SB>being in proportional relation using eq. (1). m<SB>v</SB>=m<SB>vl</SB>+(m<SB>vh</SB>-m<SB>vl</SB>)*(RH<SB>s</SB>-RH<SB>l</SB>)/(RH<SB>h</SB>-RH<SB>l</SB>)...(1). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a method for calculating the moving mass of water vapor at equal relative humidity under isobaric and isothermal conditions capable of accurately evaluating the moisture permeation characteristics of a permeable membrane, and using three or more permeable membranes. The present invention relates to a method for calculating the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor in each film, which is the basis of the humidity control design of a water vapor transfer control device. Especially, the design of the moisture permeable membrane in the device that adjusts the humidity of the room space to the specified humidity by adjusting the moving mass of the water vapor through the water vapor movement control device with the external space such as the atmosphere where the humidity and temperature fluctuate. Useful for methods.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional device for adjusting the humidity in a room is
It is often done using the dehumidification function of the air conditioner. The air conditioner required a fan, a compressor, a motor and a heat exchanger, and was large, and the equipment cost was high, and the running cost was high. The present inventor has solved these problems and developed a water vapor transfer control device in which at least two small chambers are formed between three moisture-permeable membranes that are small in size, inexpensive and do not require running costs. However,
It was difficult to select and design the moisture permeable membrane. The difference between the water vapor partial pressures D ₁ and D ₂ before and after the membrane determines the propulsive force Pm due to the partial pressure difference before and after the membrane. At this time, the thickness L is related, and α: moisture permeability coefficient is obtained. Pm = α * (D ₁ −D ₂ ) / L As a characteristic of the conventional moisture permeable membrane, in the gas permeation method, 1 is applied to the sample.
The moisture permeability characteristics added with atm are determined according to JIS K7126. Further, in the steam tester LYSSY system, the pressure change at the time of measuring the moisture vapor transmission characteristics of the film in contact with the saturated steam depends on the temperature measurement, and thus the error is large. When the difference in concentration between the front and the rear of the membrane is used as a model of the membrane moisture permeability, both of them tend to result in neglecting the heat exchange in the membrane. None of them was able to express the accurate moisture permeability of the moisture permeable membrane. Therefore, the design of the water vapor transfer control device is also inaccurate.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these problems in the prior art and to accurately evaluate the moisture permeability of a moisture permeable membrane, that is, to make the partial pressures before and after movement equal. Then, a method for determining the pressure condition under equal pressure (generally atmospheric pressure) and determining the water vapor transfer characteristics under the condition that the water vapor concentration before and after the film is equal is provided. With this method, it is possible to precisely determine the temperature change on the surface of the membrane and the characteristics of heat exchange. And a method of calculating the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor in the water vapor permeable film, which provides a guideline for designing a water vapor transfer control device using the water vapor permeable film.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above problems is as follows: 1) Temperature is -30 ° C to 150 ° C and pressure is 0.5 to 80.
A moisture permeable membrane to be inspected is attached to the air passages of two spaces of equal pressure and isothermal in the range of 0 mmHg, the relative humidity of one space is set as the relative humidity RH _s for the membrane characteristic inspection, and the relative humidity of the other space is The moving mass m _vh of water vapor through the membrane is measured with time as the high relative humidity RH _h , and then the relative humidity of the other space is set to a relative humidity R _s lower than the set relative humidity RH _s.
The moving mass m _vl of water vapor through the membrane as H _l is measured with time, and the moving mass m _v of water vapor when the other space has the same set relative humidity RH _s as one space is given by the above mathematical formula 1
Calculation method of the moving mass of water vapor of the moisture permeable membrane at the same water vapor partial pressure with equal pressure and isothermal space on both sides of the membrane, 2) Communicate between the room space for humidity control and the external space where humidity and temperature fluctuate An air passage is provided, and at least three moisture permeable membranes, the first film, the second film, and the third film, are provided in the same air passage at predetermined intervals to form at least two small chambers between the air passages and the moisture permeability. In a water vapor transfer control device using a moisture permeable membrane that configures a water vapor transfer control device with a membrane and a small chamber, and controls the moving mass of water vapor between two spaces by the water vapor transfer control device to adjust the indoor humidity, The moving masses m _v1 , m _v2 , m _v3 of the moisture permeable membranes whose relative humidity is set as the average relative humidity at the isobaric isothermal of the average pressure and the average temperature of the external space are set on the external space of the moisture permeable membrane. Attach so that the membrane surface to face one of the spaces, and steam the water in 1) above. Of the moving mass of the water vapor of the moisture permeable membrane of the water vapor transfer control device for calculating the pressure ratio of the moving mass of the water vapor of each moisture permeable membrane by the mathematical formula 2 above. It is in the ratio calculation method.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The moisture permeable membrane has a moisture permeability and a moving mass of water vapor depending on the membrane material, the laminated structure of the membrane, and the presence or absence of the membrane surface or a conductive mesh (porous body) provided in the vicinity of the membrane surface. Characteristics such as pressure ratio and water vapor movement direction can be changed. Therefore, the selection of the moisture-permeable film of the present invention is to select an appropriate moisture-permeable film having different materials for the moisture-permeable film, the laminated structure, the presence / absence of a mesh, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to use as a criterion for selecting and designing a moisture permeable membrane so that the moving mass of water vapor has a predetermined value that can correspond to the target indoor humidity. The "room" of the present invention refers to a box in which electric equipment or the like is housed, a living space for humans, a storage room for articles, a storage room for articles, or the like, and a space in which movement of air and vapor with respect to an external space is small. . In the calculation according to the formulas 1 and 2 of the present invention, the measurement value and the formula are partially corrected in consideration of the measurement error and the measurement condition.
It can be corrected. When the cross-sectional structure of the film is asymmetric, there are two characteristic values of the moving mass of water vapor. Determine the characteristic value to be used in the usage method.

[0006]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention and phenomena relating to water vapor transfer will be described below. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the water vapor movement control by the water vapor movement control device of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a time change diagram of the moving mass of water vapor depending on the moving direction of the moisture permeable membrane. This drawing shows the amount of water absorption of each film when the nonwoven fabric surface is in contact with the saturated water vapor pressure in the water repellent surface direction from the nonwoven fabric surface. FIG. 3 is a time change diagram of the moving mass of water vapor depending on the moving direction of the moisture permeable membrane. This drawing shows the amount of water absorption when the water repellent surface is in contact with saturated water vapor when moving from the water repellent surface to the nonwoven fabric surface. 2 and 3 show the amount of water absorption when in contact with saturated steam, the performance evaluation cannot be obtained. It becomes a resistance display for movement. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are explanatory views for explaining the principle of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a time change diagram of the moving mass of water vapor of 65% RH. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram in which the measurement result of 65% RH of water vapor in the film is used and is considered as a pressure increasing factor for indoor and outdoor humidity. FIG. 10: is explanatory drawing which shows the moving mass of the water vapor of the boundary surface which forms the difference of the moving mass of the water vapor. Fig. 11 shows 95% RH indoors and 65% RH outside air, 21
It is a time change figure of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of the steam of ° C.
FIG. 12 is a time change diagram of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor at 65% RH in the room, 95% RH in the outside air, and 21 ° C. FIG.
[Fig. 4] is a time change diagram of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor at room temperature of 95% RH and outside air of 65% RH and 21 ° C. FIG. 14 is a time change diagram of the relative humidity when the water repellent surface is directed to the outdoor air side of the room 95% RH outdoor air 65% RH and 21 ° C. and when the non-woven fabric surface is directed. Fig. 15 shows 65% RH indoor and 95% R outside air
It is a time change figure of relative humidity in a room when the water repellent surface is turned to the outside air side of H and 21 ° C. Fig. 16 shows the case of indoor 95% RH outside air 65% RH, 21 ° C and indoor 65% RH outside air 95
It is a time change figure of relative humidity in a room in case of% RH and 21 degreeC. The median value indicates the humidity control ability over time. Figure 1
FIG. 7 is a time change diagram of the relative humidity inside the room of the acrylic box body humidified by the outside air of 21 ° C. and 65% RH. FIG. 18 shows the outside air 2
It is a time change figure of the room temperature of the acrylic box which humidified 1 ° C 65% RH indoors. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the procedure of temperature correction and water vapor pressure correction in this embodiment. Figure 20
[Fig. 4] is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the first, second, and third moisture permeable membranes of Examples. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a humidity control state of the water vapor transfer control device according to the embodiment. In the figure, R is a box-shaped room, RS
Is a room space, OS is an outside space that is the atmosphere (also referred to as outside air), CHD is a water vapor transfer control device, AP is a ventilation path of the water vapor transfer control device, and F1 is a first moisture permeable membrane provided on the indoor space side. Membrane, F2 is the second membrane of the moisture permeable membrane provided in the middle,
F3 is a third film of a moisture permeable film provided on the external space OS side, SR
1, SR2 are the first, second and third films F1, F2, F3 of the moisture permeable film.
It is a small chamber formed between. First, second and third films F1, F
A cross-sectional view of F2 and F3 is shown in FIG. The dotted line on the top is a mesh of conductors. "Box" in the specification and drawings,
The “box” and the “box” are the room R. In addition, in the present specification and drawings, "water vapor transfer amount" and "water vapor transfer mass" mean "water vapor transfer mass".

The phenomenon, theory and data of water vapor transfer in this embodiment will be described in detail below. In this embodiment, the first film F1 is arranged on the chamber R side, which is a box,
It is an example of a water vapor transfer control device CHD in which three moisture permeable membranes, a first film F1, a second film F2, and a third film F3 are sequentially provided from the chamber side. In the water retention test, a prototype steam transfer control device CH
The first membrane F1 arranged on the chamber side of D showed a high water retention rate. Therefore, the following study was made on the case where the water content was wet under the influence of mist such as fog even under the meteorological condition. Effective diameter of prototype membrane: 23 [m
m], radius 11.5 [mm], the diameter of the cross-sectional area of the small chambers SR1 and SR2 is 25 [mm], and the difference of 2 mm is due to the dimensional difference of the joint. The membrane area is 1.15 × 1.15 × 3.14 = 4.152.
The mass per unit area of the 65 [cm ² ] film is 1.1416 ×
10 ⁻² [g / cm ² ] and the mass of the membrane area is
It was 0.04741 [g]. Similarly, the mass per unit area of the hydrated membrane was calculated to be 2.3809 × 10.
The mass of the membrane hydrated at ^-2 [g / cm ² ] is 2.3809.
It was x10 ^-2 x 4.1265 = 0.09887 [g]. Therefore, the water content m _v is m _v = 0.09887−0.04741 = 0.0514
6 [g] The volume V of the room R used for the outdoor long-term test is 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 = 0.125 [m ³ ] If the temperature of the room R is 20 ° C. Water vapor pressure: e
Is the following expression 3.

[0008]

[Equation 3]

When wet air is treated as an ideal gas and the relative humidity U is obtained, the following equation 4 is obtained.

[0010]

[Equation 4]

Therefore, the first film F1 having the maximum water retention rate
Even if the water contained in is completely evaporated into the chamber R via the two small chambers SR1 and SR2, the humidity increase in the chamber R is such that the humidity control considers the rusting dangerous humidity in the relative humidity. It only increases by 2.39 [% RH] in relative humidity. Further, in the case where the third film F3 is positioned in the direction in which the temperature tends to be low, it is considered that this effect is reduced when the water retention rate of the third film F3 is low. When considering the movement of water vapor, the fact that the surface temperature fluctuates due to ventilation has been obtained from the infrared imaging test results, so the influence of the ventilation speed on humidity control must be taken into consideration. When utilizing the effects of the small chambers SR1 and SR2 forming the ventilation path AP, the adjustment amount obtained only by the moisture permeable membrane portion that forms the boundary of the movement described in this paper is small, and a very large dehumidifying effect cannot be expected. . The above-mentioned equation based on Newton's cooling law used in the heat exchange device is shown in the following expression 5.

[0012]

[Equation 5]

Considering that heat exchange is always occurring in the water vapor transfer control device CHD, it can be seen from Equation 5 that the influence of the area involved in heat conduction must be taken into consideration. Here, the amount of permeated water vapor of the moisture permeable membrane portion that forms the boundary of the passage is examined again. The movement from the non-woven fabric surface toward the water repellent surface is as shown in FIG. The movement from the water repellent surface toward the nonwoven fabric surface is as shown in FIG.

Regarding the moving mass of water vapor, the difference in the mass of water vapor depending on the moving direction of each film is shown in FIGS. These results are summarized based on the moving direction based on the results of moisture permeability measurement. Therefore, this result can be considered as the moving mass in the state where the boundary surface of the movement is in contact with the saturated steam. At the boundary of movement, the moving mass of water vapor varies depending on the moving direction and constituent materials with the passage of time, and this tendency is considered to have a great influence on the movement of water vapor. From FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the moisture permeable membrane forming the boundary surface may be slightly wet depending on the moving direction. Further, a moisture permeable membrane having a nonwoven fabric made of a material having a high water absorption exhibits the opposite property as compared with a moisture permeable membrane having a low water absorption.

Therefore, it can be inferred from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the reason why the humidity in the room R is kept in a controlled state during long-time rainy weather is that a film having a different hygroscopic tendency is used between the small rooms. It Membranes having different moisture vapor permeability are arranged between the small chambers in the moving direction. However, since one of the three membranes is connected to the external space OS and the other side is connected to the chamber R, the inside of the chamber R and the external space OS are continuous to the atmospheric pressure through the ventilation path AP. Except when a sudden temperature change occurs, the pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure is maintained. Therefore, each moisture permeable film whose moisture vapor transmission rate changes with time is sandwiched between the chamber R and the atmosphere and undergoes a constant pressure change, and the vapor and air move. At this time, when the air permeability of the air passage gradually decreases due to moisture absorption, the chamber R and the outer small chamber SR1 separated by one are sandwiched by the membranes having a tendency to increase or decrease humidity in opposite directions. Therefore, considering the process in which saturated water vapor is absorbed inside the three types of moisture permeable membranes, the movement is limited by the opposite water vapor pressures in opposite directions.

External space OS shown in principle and structure of humidity control method
In FIG. 1, which shows the principle of adjusting the humidity inside the chamber R by the water vapor transfer control device CHD based on the fluctuation of the conditions, the external space OS is shown.
Assuming that the water vapor pressure of V fluctuates in a 24-hour cycle, the action of the moisture permeable membrane, which restricts the passage of water vapor, causes the heat of steam in the external space OS to cause a time delay in the heat of steam inside the chamber R. , And also has the effect of reducing the amplitude. This state is shown in FIG. This precondition is the result of the standard temperature being a constant value of 21 ° C. Under natural conditions, up and down movements of about 20 ° C. can be frequently observed.
Since the external space OS condition is high humidity, a problem arises if the room R accommodating the electric device cannot be opened for maintenance. Therefore, in addition to the humidity control, it is necessary to treat the water vapor that has entered the chamber R to a humidity level that can prevent dew condensation to some extent in a short time.

The principle of the present invention will be described using an RC circuit. 4 shows one membrane, FIG. 5 shows two membranes and one chamber, and FIG. 6 shows three membranes and two chambers. The right ends of these are connected to the chamber R, respectively. This is an evaluation of the electric circuit characteristics from the air permeability measurement results, using the above-mentioned thermal simulation circuit as the lumped constant of the four-terminal circuit based on the numerical values approximate to the measurement results without the mesh. The periodic function is a schematic diagram obtained by substituting fixed values. In addition, the permeation characteristic is the time [se required to pass 100 cc of air having an initial value of about 50% RH]
c] was used. However, in actual measurement, a slight change appears in the concentration of water vapor passing through the membrane. Since there is no great difference between the moving direction from the water repellent surface to the non-woven fabric surface and the numerical value from the non-woven fabric surface to the water repellent surface, the influence of the moisture permeability characteristics due to the directionality hardly appears on the graph. The analysis method using the 4-terminal model is
It is considered to be an excellent method as an evaluation means after the environment in which the water vapor transfer control device CHD is set is known and the selection of the basic air passage membrane of the water vapor transfer control device CHD is fixed. Further, as a performance evaluation, it is possible to evaluate how much humidity is stable and how the phase easily appears. Then, as shown in the model test, the humidity inside the room R is set to 65% RH and the inside of the room R is suddenly changed to 9%.
How to design the characteristics when changing to 5% RH will be described. The movement of water vapor from the chamber R to the external space OS (atmosphere: outside air in the embodiment) is considered to be a decrease in the water vapor partial pressure. On the contrary, the movement of water vapor from the external space OS to the chamber R is considered to be an increase in the partial pressure of water vapor inside the chamber R. By adding the small chambers SR1 and SR2, the volumes of the small chambers SR1 and SR2 increase from the movement source to the movement destination in the movement path of the chamber R and the external space OS. In addition, the same small chamber, when considering the pressure before and after the movement by equal pressure change,
When the amount of heat is stored during the movement, it also means that a buffer cavity is provided between the movement source and the movement destination.

It is considered that the transfer of the heat quantity of water vapor is affected by the environment of heat conduction at the transfer destination. As for the transfer of thermal energy, it is known that the transfer of thermal energy is promoted as compared with the condition that the fluctuation of thermal energy is less likely to occur if the fluctuation of thermal energy is allowed to change freely because the thermal energy is not stored. Has been. Although the amount of work is consumed by the thermal expansion when the temperature of the constant pressure rises, the specific heat of the constant pressure is larger than the specific heat of the constant volume because the heat cannot be expanded when the temperature of the constant volume rises. In the movement from the chamber R to the external space OS, the pressure in the external space OS is released, but when the movement from the external space OS to the chamber R is started from the equal pressure, the vapor pressure inside the chamber R becomes The driving pressure corresponding to the pressure difference from the water vapor pressure in the external space OS can be obtained. Through the small chambers SR1 and SR2, the small chamber SR
Since the volumes of 1 and SR2 are smaller than that of the chamber R, they pass through the space having a reduced volume in the direction of the external space OS from the chamber R. On the contrary, small rooms SR1 and S from the external space OS in the room R direction
Move to room R via R2. Considering the equal pressure change, V
= NRT / P and P = nRT / V, the temperature rises as the pressure rises. However, since it moves so that this pressure increase does not occur, the temperature rise of the amount of heat transferred, which is considered that the moved water vapor is a heat carrier, appears in the chamber R.
The movement of the temperature can be divided into two directions depending on whether the movement is toward the external space OS or the room R.

If heat exchange is considered in the course of the movement of water vapor as described above, there is a drawback that it becomes complicated. Therefore, as shown, a circuit of only R without C is considered for a DC power supply. In the case of FIG. 7, there is no element of time delay,
The water vapor that has passed through each resistance is considered as the permeated water vapor of the moisture permeable membrane part that becomes the moving boundary of the water vapor. External space O at this time
Without considering the temperature fluctuation of S, without considering the effect of convection at a constant temperature, the model water vapor transfer is simulated from the moving mass of water vapor in the film based on the measurement result under atmospheric pressure.

When the transmission delay between the films between the resistors is not considered R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃ constant pressure specific heat is -30 ° C to 150 ° C, 0.5 to 800 mmH
It is supposed to be almost constant up to g, and Ja (= 1.846)
It is [kJ / (kg · K)]. Therefore, the moisture permeability curve at 65% RH can be obtained based on the results of the moisture permeability measurement and the air permeability measurement.

For these moving masses, the permeation mass of water vapor from the non-woven fabric surface toward the water repellent surface and the permeation mass of water vapor from the water repellent surface to the non-woven fabric surface are determined for each membrane. Figure 8
Is a schematic diagram thereof. For the moving mass of water vapor from 95% RH to 65% RH, the moving mass m _v of water vapor per unit area is determined from the results of the moisture permeability test described above. Also, 50
The moving mass of water vapor from% RH to 65% RH is converted to a unit membrane area from the result of the air permeability test, and the moving mass m _{v of} water vapor corrected for pressure due to cylinder lowering is obtained. Here, the room R and the external space OS are even at 21 ° C. and 65
The moving mass m _v of water vapor in the state of being placed in% RH is calculated by the equation 1. This relationship is shown in FIG. 21 ° C, 65
The reason for considering based on% RH is that the average humidity is around 65% RH and the measurement result is obtained at 21 ° C. If the room R becomes 95% RH, + 30% R
The water vapor pressure of H is applied from the inside of the chamber R toward the external space OS. Further, when the external space OS is + 30% RH and 95% RH, the water vapor pressure is applied from the external space OS in the direction of the chamber R. The measurement of the moving mass of water vapor at 21 ° C. and 65% RH is the result of measurement at about 1 atm, and thus the change of the moving mass due to the pressurization condition applied from the chamber R or the external space OS can be obtained. However, when considering the movement of water vapor between the moisture permeable membranes, which is set as the boundary of water vapor movement, it is considered that the results of the model test show that the pressure change is constant when the temperature is constant. Further, since the moving masses of water vapor in the respective membranes are different in order to cause the isobaric change, the pressure ratio can be obtained by connecting to the chamber R. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the chamber R is connected to the first, second and third membranes.

[0022]

[Equation 6]

As a result, by using the pressures of P ₁ , P ₂ and P ₃ obtained by the equation 6 with the chamber R pressure as 1, respectively, the _first , _second , _third
The moving water vapor amount of the membranes F1, F2, F3 is calculated. Here, it is assumed that water vapor moves at the boundary of all movements at the same time, and if convection in the small chambers SR1 and SR2 and temperature change due to convection are not considered, movements of m _v1 , m _v2 , and m _v3 occur simultaneously. Shall occur. In this calculation, the transfer of water vapor is regarded as the transfer of heat and is regarded as R. Therefore, R in FIG. 7 is R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃ . As a result, the pressure ratio of the boundary surface of each movement is obtained under the condition of constant pressure change. A description of these equations is given in Equation 7. That is,
The pressure distribution ratio by the connection condition to the chamber R and the isobaric change is obtained, and the moving mass of water vapor is obtained from this result.

[0024]

[Equation 7]

According to equation 7, the moving mass of water vapor at 21 ° C. obtained under 1 atm has a pressure due to the permeating mass of water vapor in the chamber according to each pressure ratio when the first, second and third membranes are arranged from the chamber R side. Suppose it changes. This relationship is expressed by Equation 7 as a pressure change corresponding to a change in the water vapor mass of the chamber R. As for the moving ratio, the pressure ratios of the respective conditions when the condition that the chamber R pressure is 1 are followed are calculated by the equation 7. From the above, the pressure ratio of the moving water vapor mass was calculated as a test condition of the model under the condition that the chamber R of 30 × 30 × 40 cm is 21 ° C. and the outer space OS pressure and the chamber R inner pressure are equal. It Since the ratio of this moving pressure is set to 1 in the chamber R, the mass of water vapor in the chamber R is calculated back by the moving mass of water vapor in the film portion connected to the chamber R. By this method,
When the water vapor pressure in the room R is 30% RH higher (95% R in the room R
H, external space OS 65% RH) and the case where the external space OS side is higher than the room R (50% RH in the room R,
The external space OS was 65% RH). In addition, the setting method of the film is only in the case where the water repellent surface is directed to the external space OS side in the model, but in this simulation calculation, the case where the water repellent surface is directed to the room R was also calculated. In the specification and drawings, the outside air is the external space OS.

FIG. 11 shows a room R with 95% RH and an external space O.
The pressure ratio of S65% RH and 21 ° C is shown. FIG. 12 shows the pressure ratio of the chamber R 65% RH, the external space OS 95% RH, and 21 ° C. Fig. 13 shows 95% RH in the room R and O in the external space
The case where the film arrangement opposite to the model is assumed at S65% RH and the water-repellent surfaces of all three types of films are directed to the chamber R side is shown. From the above, when the humidity in the room R decreases from 95% RH and when the humidity in the room R decreases to 65% RH, the external space OS 95%
When the humidity increased from RH, the mass of water vapor in the chamber R under each condition was determined as an initial value. The results are shown in Figure 14,
Shown in 15. Fig. 14 shows the 95% RH outside space OS6 in the room R
Starting from 5% RH and 21 ° C., two types are shown in the case where the water repellent surface and the non-woven fabric surface of the three kinds of films face the external space OS side.
Fig. 15 shows 65% RH in room R and 95% RH outside space OS, 2
Starting from 1 ° C., the state where water vapor enters the chamber R from the external space OS is shown, and the case where the water repellent surfaces of the three types of films are directed to the external space OS side is shown. In addition, considering the amount of heat carried by each moving steam mass, the results of correcting the temperature change amount and the pressure that change due to the movement are shown.

These simulated calculations are shown in FIGS.
The synthetic pressure ratio of the moving mass pressure ratio of the steam of the synthetic formula considering the directionality of It is calculated as the humidity of the generated water vapor. In FIG. 16, when the water-repellent surface of all three types of films simulating the results of the model test is directed to the external space OS, movement from the room R side to the external space OS direction and movement from the external space OS into the room R are performed. Summarized. In this figure, 95% at 21 ° C
Respiration phenomena of RH and 65% RH occurred, and as a result of movement of water vapor after a lapse of 360 minutes, an intermediate value between them was shown. This intermediate value indicates the progress of movement after breathing after the lapse of 360 minutes, and shows the movement characteristic of water vapor corresponding to the elapsed time. Also, the initial value of these intermediate values and 360 m
When the amount of descent after [in 6 hours] is connected with a dotted line, it is about 4.5.
% RH drop is obtained. FIG. 17 shows the humidity change in the acrylic test chamber R of the model test results, and FIG. 18 shows the temperature change. In the acrylic chamber R, there is a strong tendency for the temperature change to be preserved, but the temperature drop peculiar to the metallic chamber R does not easily occur. Compared to the model test result and the numerical simulation result shown in FIG. 16, there is a large difference in the 60-minute value, but the humidity after 360 minutes has elapsed is about 72% RH in the simulated calculation result, but in the model, About 76% RH
Is shown. The simulated calculation result of FIG. 16 is considered to be a condition similar to the result of the model because the moving mass of heat accompanying the movement of water vapor passing through the membrane is corrected. FIG.
The data used for the above is the moving mass of water vapor of 65% RH based on the measurement result of the moisture permeability and the air permeability of each film, and is the measurement result of the environment in which sufficient heat exchange was performed.
In addition, since the measurement results are for only the film, resistance elements for movement such as convection and radiation due to small chambers are not included.

However, in the model, the elements of the ventilation resistance due to the convection and radiation in the small chamber and the heat conduction of the ventilation passage structure are added as the factors for inhibiting the movement in the small chamber. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, the temperature fluctuation of each part due to the movement of water vapor is shown in FIG.
Not included in. The calculated humidity drop has a larger initial change than the model test results. The shape of the descent curve is steeper, and the model shows a gradual change. The simulation calculation result shown in FIG. 16 shows the behavior of water vapor according to the calculation result when there is no transfer resistance. The premise of the simulation calculation is that it is assumed that the movements occur simultaneously in all the membranes, but it is considered that the actual movements of water vapor do not occur at the same time, considering from Equation 3. But,
Small room SR that separates the moisture permeable membrane, which is the boundary of each movement
1, the method of simulating the movement in SR2 is complicated. Therefore, this method was used to calculate the basic movement characteristics of water vapor in the breathing process of the water vapor movement control device CHD. Further, in the moving direction toward the external space OS, the amount of heat is released to the external space OS, but toward the room R, the amount of heat is the moving direction in which the amount of heat is accumulated. Regarding the temperature characteristics of the chamber R, it is considered that the temperature change influences the pressure change because one end of the breathing air passage is connected to the chamber R. However, when considering the transfer of heat, it is easier to first exclude the temperature characteristic of the chamber R and obtain the humidity control characteristic. The room R used in the model test of FIG. 17 is made of acrylic resin, and has a specific heat larger than that of water, which may affect the movement process of the ventilation passage in the small chamber and the heat exchange during the movement process of the room R. Can be considered.
FIG. 19 shows the procedure for temperature correction and water vapor pressure correction. Figure 20
[FIG. 3] is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of first, second, and third films F1, F2, F3 of the example. FIG. 21 shows a humidity control state by the water vapor transfer control device of the embodiment.

In order to consider mass transfer, a finite element method often used is a method of constructing an ideal model and explaining the discrete model from the mathematical model. Among them, the construction of the ideal model is one of these basic issues and occupies an important position. When the external space OS is considered as an AC power source, it is possible to roughly predict the change in the room R with respect to the external space OS condition. In addition, the response characteristics under constant temperature and humidity conditions can be obtained by considering the model as a DC power supply, but in actuality, the transmission delay due to the influence of the mass and thermal conductivity of the generated heat transfer substance is included. Absent.
In this example, when the arrangement of the membranes is changed, the first, second, and third membranes are determined by the arrangement, and the vapor migration characteristics of the arrangement of the membranes can be known by performing the calculation in the above procedure.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the moving mass of water vapor and the three water vapor permeable membranes under the isobaric water vapor partial pressure under the isobaric isothermal conditions, which can accurately evaluate the vapor permeation property of the vapor permeable film, are used. The pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor of the water vapor movement control device can be calculated and can be used as a reference for designing humidity control.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing water vapor movement control by a water vapor movement control device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a time change diagram of a moving mass of water vapor depending on a moving direction of a moisture permeable membrane.

FIG. 3 is a time change diagram of a moving mass of water vapor depending on a moving direction of a moisture permeable membrane.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a time change diagram of moving mass of water vapor of 65% RH.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram in which the measurement result of 65% RH of water vapor in a film is used as a pressure increasing factor for indoor and outdoor humidity.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a moving mass of water vapor on a boundary surface forming a difference in moving mass of water vapor.

FIG. 11 is a time change diagram of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor at room temperature 95% RH, outside air 65% RH, and 21 ° C.

FIG. 12 is a time change diagram of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor at 65% RH in the room, 95% RH in the outside air, and 21 ° C.

FIG. 13 is a time change diagram of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor at room temperature 95% RH, outside air 65% RH, and 21 ° C.

FIG. 14 is a time change diagram of relative humidity when the water repellent surface is directed to the outside air side of the room 95% RH and the outside air is 65% RH and 21 ° C. and the nonwoven fabric surface is directed.

FIG. 15 is a time change diagram of relative humidity in the room when the water repellent surface is directed to the outside air side of the room 65% RH outside air 95% RH, 21 ° C.

FIG. 16 is a time change diagram of relative humidity in the room when the indoor 95% RH outdoor air is 65% RH and 21 ° C. and when the indoor 65% RH outdoor air is 95% RH and 21 ° C. The median value indicates the humidity control ability over time.

FIG. 17 is a time change diagram of the relative humidity in the room of an acrylic box body humidified in the outside air of 21 ° C. and 65% RH.

FIG. 18 is a time change diagram of the room temperature of the acrylic box body humidified in the outside air of 21 ° C. and 65% RH.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure of temperature correction and water vapor pressure correction in the present embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of first, second, and third moisture permeable membranes of the example.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a humidity control state of the water vapor transfer control device according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

R room RS room space OS external space CHS steam transfer control device AP air passage F1 first film F2 second film F3 Third film SR1, SR2 small room

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A temperature of −30 ° C. to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 0.
A moisture permeable membrane to be inspected is attached to the air passages of two spaces of equal pressure and isotherm in the range of 5 to 800 mmHg, and the relative humidity of one space is set as the set relative humidity RH _s of the film characteristic inspection, and the relative humidity of the other space is set. The moving mass m _vh of water vapor through the membrane is measured over time as a higher relative humidity RH _h , and then the relative humidity of the other space is measured through the membrane as a relative humidity RH _l lower than the set relative humidity RH _s. Moving mass of water vapor m _vl
Is calculated with time, and the moving mass m _v of water vapor when the other space has the same set relative humidity RH _{s as} the one space is calculated by the following mathematical formula 1. A method for calculating the moving mass of water vapor in a moisture permeable membrane at partial pressure. [Equation 1] 2. A ventilation passage that connects a chamber space for humidity control and an external space in which humidity and temperature fluctuate are provided, and at least three first, second and third moisture-permeable membranes are provided in the ventilation passage. At least two small chambers are formed between the membranes by separating them by a predetermined distance, and a water vapor transfer control device is configured by the air passage, the moisture permeable membrane and the small chambers, and the water vapor transfer control device transfers the water vapor between the two spaces. In a water vapor movement control device using a moisture permeable membrane to control the mass to control the humidity in the room, the average relative humidity in the isobar of the average pressure of the external space and the average temperature is set as the set relative humidity. The moving masses m _v1 , m _v2 , m _v3 of the moisture permeable membrane are attached so that the membrane surface of the moisture permeable membrane facing the outer space faces one space. And then the moving mass pressure of water vapor in each moisture permeable membrane Calculating the rate, calculation method of the pressure ratio of the moving mass of water vapor moisture permeable membrane steam movement controller. [Equation 2]