JP2003313485A - Pencil lead - Google Patents

Pencil lead

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Publication number
JP2003313485A
JP2003313485A JP2002124544A JP2002124544A JP2003313485A JP 2003313485 A JP2003313485 A JP 2003313485A JP 2002124544 A JP2002124544 A JP 2002124544A JP 2002124544 A JP2002124544 A JP 2002124544A JP 2003313485 A JP2003313485 A JP 2003313485A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pencil lead
graphite
lead
pencil
fired
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002124544A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsuo Deguchi
出口勝男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pentel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Pentel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pentel Co Ltd filed Critical Pentel Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002124544A priority Critical patent/JP2003313485A/en
Publication of JP2003313485A publication Critical patent/JP2003313485A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pencil lead which has a sufficient abrasion wear and a high density, retains practical breaking strength, and gives a pure black tint unlike writing lines obtained by a conventional photoreflective lead body comprising graphite as an extender material. <P>SOLUTION: The baked or unbaked pencil lead is obtained by using at least a binding material and an extender material as the main materials, kneading the materials and extrusion molding the kneaded product into a small-gage wire, and contains flat titanium diboride as an extender material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鉛筆芯、シャープ
ペンシル用芯(以下、まとめて、鉛筆芯と表現する)に
関するもので、純黒の筆記線を与える鉛筆芯に関する。 【0002】 【従来の技術】鉛筆芯には、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩素化ポ
リエチレン、フラン樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール、スチ
ロール樹脂、アクリル樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂、
ポリエステル樹脂などの合成樹脂よりなる結合材と、黒
鉛、窒化硼素、マイカ、カーボンブラック、タルクなど
の体質材と、必要に応じて使用される着色材、気孔形成
剤、可塑剤、溶剤などとを共にニーダー、ヘンシェルミ
キサー、二本ロールなどで均一分散させ、押し出し成形
したものを乾燥してそのまま使用する非焼成鉛筆芯と、
押し出し成形した後、800℃〜1200℃の高温で焼
成して結合材を炭化させた焼成芯に、種々の油脂類(ス
ピンドル油など)を焼成体の気孔に含浸した焼成鉛筆芯
とがある。 【0003】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、鉛筆芯の体質材
として黒鉛が主に使用されている。黒鉛を使用すること
の利点は、黒鉛特有の滑らかな書き味、そして押し出し
成形時に押し出し方向への黒鉛の強い配向が生じ、この
ため折損強度が高いという優れた特性を有している点で
ある。逆に欠点は、鉛筆芯中の黒鉛の配向性が筆記線上
でも維持され、水平にきれいに配向するため、よって筆
記線を見る角度によっては黒鉛により光の反射が強くな
り、筆跡が鉛色に見える、即ち筆跡が黒く見えないとい
う点である。 【0004】上記のような黒鉛の配向による筆記線の反
射を押さえ、筆記線を純黒の筆跡にしようとする試みが
なされている。例えば純黒のカーボンブラックと黒鉛を
併用することで色相を黒くする試みや、扁平状・板状物
質(窒化硼素やタルク、マイカ等)上に結合材である合
成樹脂を焼成炭化させて得られた炭素を沈着させて、黒
色の扁平状または板状物質とすることで、色相を黒くす
る試みである。しかしながら、これらの試みは、十分な
効果がなかった。 【0005】ちなみに純黒のカーボンブラックを添加す
ると、筆記線は黒味を増すが、焼成処理を施すとカーボ
ンブラック粒子間、カーボンブラックと樹脂炭化物との
結合が強くなり芯体全体の強度が強くなる。そのため黒
鉛特有の潤滑性が損なわれ、筆記時、鉛筆芯の摩耗が極
端に減少し、滑らかさが極端に落ちてしまう(所謂、筆
記感がガリガリ)という問題があった。 【0006】また、扁平状または板状の物質(窒化硼
素、タルク、マイカ等)上に結合材である合成樹脂を焼
成炭化させて得られた炭素を沈着させた黒色の扁平状ま
たは板状物質を黒鉛の一部と置換えて併用すると、確か
に黒鉛特有の配向による光の反射を減少させることは可
能となる。 【0007】しかし、上記黒色の扁平状または板状物質
を黒鉛の代わりに置換えた場合、その置換え量の増加と
ともに、鉛筆芯の磨耗量が低下して筆跡濃度が極端に低
下してしまう欠点があった。そこで、濃度低下を防ぐ為
に、黒鉛量を増やせば黒鉛特有の配向が強くなり筆記線
の光りの反射が強くなり鉛色に見えてしまう。即ち、こ
の相反する特性を共に向上する技術手段は見いだせなか
った。 【0008】鉛筆芯全体の磨耗量を促進する為に、鉛筆
芯のカサ密度を低いものとする提案もあった。この方法
により得た鉛筆芯は、摩耗量が確保でき黒味を強くする
ことはできるが、極端に折損強度が低下してしまい、筆
記時すぐ折れるという欠点がでてしまった。 【0009】シャープペンシルに用いる細径の鉛筆芯の
ように、折れにくさ(折損強度が高い)が必要な場合、
焼成温度を1000℃以上の高温焼成する焼成鉛筆芯と
していた。しかし、この場合も、焼成温度を高くすれば
折損強度は上がるものの、逆に上述の様に磨耗が極端に
低下して鉛筆芯の濃度が著しく低下してしまうという問
題を残していた。 【0010】そこで、本発明は、磨耗量が十分あり且つ
濃度が濃く、そして実用折損強度を維持し、従来の黒鉛
を体質材とした光の反射のある芯体の筆記線とは異な
り、純黒の色味有する鉛筆芯とを提供することを課題と
する。 【0011】 【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、少なくとも結
合材と体質材を主材として使用し、混練、細線状に押し
出し成形した焼成のまたは非焼成の鉛筆芯において、扁
平状二硼化チタンを体質材として含んでなる鉛筆芯を要
旨とする。 【0012】以下、詳述する。本発明の鉛筆芯は、従来
公知の方法により配合・混練・成形(必要によって焼
成)することで芯体を形成し、この芯体に必要に応じて
油脂類を浸漬した後、余剰の油脂類を表面より除去する
ことによって得ることができる。 【0013】鉛筆芯の構成材料は従来用いられている構
成材料が使用でき、この構成材料に、扁平状二硼化チタ
ンを添加し、上記鉛筆芯の一般的製造方法で作成でき
る。具体的には、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩素化ポリエチレ
ン、フラン樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール、スチロール樹
脂、アクリル樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ポリエス
テル樹脂などの合成樹脂を結合材として使用し、体質材
として扁平状二硼化チタン微粉末を使用する。必要に応
じて黒鉛、窒化硼素、タルク、マイカ等の体質材を使用
することもできる。また有機顔料や無機顔料などの着色
材、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)などの気孔
形成剤、フタル酸ジオクチル(DOP),フタル酸ジブ
チル(DBP)、燐酸トリクレジル(TCP)などの可
塑剤、水、アルコール、ケトン、エステル、芳香族炭化
水素などの溶剤の1種または2種以上を必要に応じて配
合しても良い。 【0014】本発明に使用する扁平状二硼化チタンは近
年知られる様になった。一般製法としては、原料として
酸化チタン粉末、硼酸粉末、金属マグネシウム粉末を混
合した後、高温で焼成することで作製できる。その際触
媒に酸化マグネシウムを微量添加する。 【0015】さらに詳細に説明するとトルエン中にルチ
ル型酸化チタン微粉末、酸化マグネシウム微粉末を加
え、ボールミルで十分分散混合し、順次金属マグネシウ
ム微粉末、硼酸微粉末を添加し、ボールミルで十分混合
する。次に取り出し乾燥させることで原料の混合粉体微
粉末ができる。この混合粉体微粉体を500℃〜800
℃で焼成する。そして、1規定塩酸程度の酸で洗浄、濾
過して不純物を取り除くことで純粋な扁平状二硼化チタ
ンを容易に作ることができる。反応は下記反応式に示す
通りである。 TiO2+B2O3+5Mg→TiB2+5Mg 【0016】得られた扁平状二硼化チタン微粉末の結晶
構造は扁平状の六方晶結晶構造である。黒鉛も同様の六
方晶結晶構造を有しており、扁平状二硼化チタンが有す
る潤滑性はこの結晶構造によると推察される。そして扁
平状二硼化チタンの色相は黒鉛の様な光の反射がない純
黒色を呈している。 【0017】これらの配合組成物をニーダー、ヘンシェ
ルミキサー、二本ロールなどで均一に十分混練した後、
押し出し成形機により線細状に押し出し成形し、芯体を
得る。なお、焼成鉛筆芯を作成する場合、次いで焼成す
ることで焼成芯体が得られる。 【0018】焼成芯体にスピンドル油などの油脂類を含
浸すると滑らかな筆記感になるので、100℃程度に加
熱させた油脂類に焼成芯体を浸漬させる方法や、焼成芯
体を油脂類に浸漬し、加圧または減圧状態となして含浸
する方法をとっている。浸漬後は適宜、遠心分離機など
で焼成芯体表面の余剰な油脂類を除去して鉛筆芯とすれ
ば良い。但し、非焼成鉛筆芯は油脂類の含浸は実施しな
い。 【0019】 【作用】扁平状二硼化チタンは黒鉛と同様の潤滑性と、
黒鉛にはない黒色を呈しているという特長を有してい
る。即ち、扁平状二硼化チタンは黒色な黒鉛のように機
能する。そのため、黒鉛との単純な入れ替えが可能であ
り体質材として使用すると純黒芯になる。 【0020】 【実施例】以下、実施例に基づき本発明を説明するが、
本発明は実施例のみに限定されるものではない。 上記材料を配合物として、ニーダー及び二本ロールによ
り十分に混練後、細線状に押出成形し、空気中で300
℃まで加熱し、更に、不活性雰囲気中で1000℃まで
加熱し、呼び直径0.5mmの焼成芯体を得た。これに
100℃に加熱したスピンドル油を含浸した。16時
間、浸漬後、表面上の余剰な油を除去して鉛筆芯を得
た。 【0021】 上記原料を実施例1と同様になして、鉛筆芯を得た。 【0022】 上記原料を実施例1と同様になして、鉛筆芯を得た。 【0023】<実施例4>実施例1における原料をニー
ダーおよび2本ロールで十分混練後、細線状(呼び径
1.3mm)に押し出し成形して非焼成芯を得た。 【0024】<比較例1> 天然鱗片状黒鉛(平均粒径4μm) 50重量部 塩化ビニル樹脂 40重量部 ジオクチルフタレート 10重量部 ステアリン酸亜鉛 2重量部 メチルエチルケトン 30重量部 上記原料を実施例1と同様になして、鉛筆芯を得た。 【0025】<比較例2>比較例1の原料を実施例4と
同様になし非焼成を得た。 【0026】上記各例により得られた鉛筆芯の折損強
度、濃度、Y値について試験した。結果を表1に示す。 【0027】 【表1】 【0028】注)1.折損強度測定はJIS S 60
05に準じて測定した。数字の単位は(MPa) 2.濃度の測定はJIS S 6005に準じて測定し
た。 3.筆記線の黒味の代用特性としてY値を測定した。荷
重600gでケント紙に面塗り(同磨耗量になるように
10回厚塗り)したものをSMカラーコンピューターS
M−5−1S−2B型(スガ試験機■製)を用いて測定
した:Y値は小さい値程反射率が小さく黒味が高いこと
を示す 【0029】 【発明の効果】本発明によれば従来の黒鉛と併用した場
合においても、黒鉛を使用した鉛筆芯と同程度の折損強
度を持ちなおかつ光の反射が抑えられているため黒い筆
記線の鉛筆芯を得られることができる。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pencil lead and a lead for a mechanical pencil (hereinafter collectively referred to as a pencil lead). For giving a pencil lead. [0002] Pencil cores include polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, furan resin, polyvinyl alcohol, styrene resin, acrylic resin, urea resin, melamine resin,
A binder made of a synthetic resin such as a polyester resin, an extender such as graphite, boron nitride, mica, carbon black, and talc, and a coloring agent, a pore former, a plasticizer, and a solvent that are used as needed. Both are undispersed with a kneader, Henschel mixer, two rolls, etc., and a non-fired pencil lead that is dried and extruded and used as it is,
A fired core obtained by extruding and firing at a high temperature of 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C. to carbonize a binder includes a fired pencil lead in which pores of a fired body are impregnated with various fats and oils (such as spindle oil). [0003] Conventionally, graphite has been mainly used as a constitution material of a pencil lead. The advantage of using graphite is that it has excellent characteristics such as graphite-like smooth writing and strong orientation of graphite in the extrusion direction at the time of extrusion molding, and therefore high breaking strength. . On the contrary, the drawback is that the orientation of the graphite in the pencil lead is maintained even on the writing line, and it is oriented horizontally and neatly, so depending on the angle at which the writing line is viewed, the graphite reflects light more strongly, and the handwriting looks like a lead color That is, the handwriting does not look black. [0004] Attempts have been made to suppress the reflection of writing lines due to the orientation of graphite as described above, and to make the writing lines pure black handwriting. For example, an attempt is made to blacken the hue by using pure black carbon black and graphite together, or by firing and carbonizing a synthetic resin as a binder on a flat or plate-like substance (boron nitride, talc, mica, etc.). This is an attempt to blacken the hue by depositing carbon that has been deposited into a black flat or plate-like substance. However, these attempts have not been sufficiently effective. [0005] By the way, when pure black carbon black is added, the writing line becomes darker. However, when the baking treatment is performed, the bond between carbon black particles and the bond between carbon black and resin carbide becomes stronger, and the strength of the whole core body becomes stronger. Become. Therefore, there is a problem that the lubricity peculiar to graphite is impaired, and abrasion of a pencil lead is extremely reduced at the time of writing, and the smoothness is extremely lowered (so-called writing feeling is gritty). Further, a black flat or plate-like substance obtained by depositing carbon obtained by calcining and carbonizing a synthetic resin as a binder on a flat or plate-like substance (boron nitride, talc, mica, etc.) Is replaced by a part of graphite, and it is possible to reduce the reflection of light due to the orientation unique to graphite. However, when the black flat or plate-like substance is replaced with graphite, the drawback is that the amount of replacement increases, the amount of wear on the pencil lead decreases, and the density of the handwriting extremely decreases. there were. Therefore, if the amount of graphite is increased in order to prevent the concentration from decreasing, the orientation specific to graphite becomes stronger, the reflection of the light of the writing line becomes stronger, and the lead line looks like a lead color. That is, no technical means for improving both of these contradictory characteristics has been found. There has also been a proposal to reduce the bulk density of the pencil lead in order to promote the amount of wear of the entire pencil lead. The pencil lead obtained by this method can secure a sufficient amount of abrasion and can increase the blackness, but has a disadvantage that the breaking strength is extremely reduced and the pencil breaks immediately upon writing. [0009] When it is difficult to break (having a high breaking strength) like a small diameter pencil lead used for a mechanical pencil,
The sintering temperature was 1000 ° C. or higher. However, in this case as well, although the breaking strength increases when the firing temperature is increased, the problem still remains that the wear is extremely reduced and the density of the pencil lead is significantly reduced as described above. In view of the above, the present invention provides a pure line, which has a sufficient amount of wear and a high density, maintains a practical breakage strength, and is different from a conventional writing line made of graphite and having a light reflection. It is an object to provide a pencil lead having a black tint. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a baked or non-fired pencil core formed by kneading and extruding a thin wire at least using a binder and a body material as main materials. The gist is a pencil lead containing titanium boride as a constitutional material. The details will be described below. The pencil lead of the present invention is formed by kneading, kneading and molding (firing if necessary) by a conventionally known method to form a lead body, and, if necessary, immersing fats and oils in the lead body and then removing excess fats and oils. Can be obtained by removing from the surface. As a constituent material of the pencil lead, a conventionally used constituent material can be used, and flattened titanium diboride is added to this constituent material, and the pencil lead can be produced by the above-mentioned general method of producing a pencil lead. Specifically, a synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, furan resin, polyvinyl alcohol, styrene resin, acrylic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, and polyester resin is used as a binder, and the flat material is used as a body material. Use fine titanium boride powder. If necessary, a body material such as graphite, boron nitride, talc, and mica can be used. Coloring agents such as organic pigments and inorganic pigments; pore-forming agents such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and tricresyl phosphate (TCP); water and alcohol One or more solvents such as ketones, esters, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like may be blended as necessary. The flat titanium diboride used in the present invention has recently become known. As a general production method, it can be produced by mixing a titanium oxide powder, a boric acid powder, and a metal magnesium powder as raw materials and then firing at a high temperature. At that time, a small amount of magnesium oxide is added to the catalyst. More specifically, rutile-type titanium oxide fine powder and magnesium oxide fine powder are added to toluene, sufficiently dispersed and mixed by a ball mill, and then a metal magnesium fine powder and a boric acid fine powder are sequentially added and thoroughly mixed by a ball mill. . Next, by taking out and drying, a mixed powder fine powder of the raw material is obtained. This mixed powder is mixed at 500 ° C. to 800
Bake at ℃. Then, pure flat titanium diboride can be easily produced by washing with an acid of about 1 N hydrochloric acid and filtering to remove impurities. The reaction is as shown in the following reaction formula. TiO2 + B2O3 + 5Mg → TiB2 + 5Mg The flat titanium diboride fine powder obtained has a flat hexagonal crystal structure. Graphite also has a similar hexagonal crystal structure, and the lubricity of the flat titanium diboride is presumed to be due to this crystal structure. The hue of the flat titanium diboride is a pure black having no light reflection like graphite. After these compounded compositions are uniformly and thoroughly kneaded with a kneader, Henschel mixer, two rolls, etc.,
Extrusion molding is performed by an extruder to obtain a core. In the case of producing a fired pencil lead, a fired lead body is obtained by firing. If the fired core is impregnated with a fat or oil such as spindle oil, a smooth writing feeling is obtained. Therefore, a method of immersing the fired core in oil or fat heated to about 100 ° C. A method of immersion and impregnation under pressure or reduced pressure is adopted. After immersion, a surplus of oils and fats on the surface of the fired core body may be removed by a centrifugal separator or the like to obtain a pencil lead. However, the non-fired pencil lead is not impregnated with fats and oils. The flat titanium diboride has the same lubricity as graphite,
It has the feature of exhibiting a black color not found in graphite. That is, the flat titanium diboride functions like black graphite. Therefore, it can be simply replaced with graphite, and when used as a constitutional material, it becomes a pure graphite core. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.
The present invention is not limited only to the embodiments. After kneading the above material as a compound and sufficiently kneading with a kneader and two rolls, extruding it into a thin wire,
C. and further heated to 1000.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere to obtain a fired core having a nominal diameter of 0.5 mm. This was impregnated with spindle oil heated to 100 ° C. After immersion for 16 hours, excess oil on the surface was removed to obtain a pencil lead. [0021] The above raw materials were made in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pencil lead. [0022] The above raw materials were made in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pencil lead. Example 4 The raw material in Example 1 was sufficiently kneaded with a kneader and two rolls, and extruded into a thin wire (nominal diameter: 1.3 mm) to obtain a non-fired core. Comparative Example 1 Natural flaky graphite (average particle size 4 μm) 50 parts by weight Vinyl chloride resin 40 parts by weight Dioctyl phthalate 10 parts by weight Zinc stearate 2 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 30 parts by weight Then, a pencil lead was obtained. Comparative Example 2 The raw material of Comparative Example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 to obtain a non-fired material. The pencil cores obtained in the above examples were tested for breaking strength, concentration and Y value. Table 1 shows the results. [Table 1] Notes: 1. Breaking strength measurement is JIS S60
05 was measured. The unit of the number is (MPa). The concentration was measured according to JIS S6005. 3. The Y value was measured as a substitute for the darkness of the writing line. A Kent paper surface-coated with a load of 600 g (thick coating 10 times so as to have the same abrasion amount) was used as SM Color Computer S
It was measured using M-5-1S-2B type (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.): The smaller the Y value, the lower the reflectance and the higher the blackness. [0029] According to the present invention, For example, even when used in combination with conventional graphite, a pencil lead having a black writing line can be obtained because it has the same breaking strength as a pencil lead using graphite and suppresses light reflection.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 少なくとも結合材と体質材を主材として
使用し、混練、細線状に押し出し成形した、焼成のまた
は非焼成の鉛筆芯において、扁平状二硼化チタンを体質
材として含んでなる鉛筆芯。
Claims 1. In a fired or non-fired pencil core kneaded and extruded in a thin wire shape using at least a binder and a body material as main materials, flat titanium diboride is used. A pencil lead included as a constitutional material.
JP2002124544A 2002-04-25 2002-04-25 Pencil lead Pending JP2003313485A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002124544A JP2003313485A (en) 2002-04-25 2002-04-25 Pencil lead

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002124544A JP2003313485A (en) 2002-04-25 2002-04-25 Pencil lead

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003313485A true JP2003313485A (en) 2003-11-06

Family

ID=29539556

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002124544A Pending JP2003313485A (en) 2002-04-25 2002-04-25 Pencil lead

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2003313485A (en)

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