JP2003286803A - Stirling refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lessen the loss of power by lessening the resistance of lubricating oil in a balancer of a crank shaft in a Stirling refrigerator and at the same time supply the lubricating oil in a mechanically sliding portion stably by reducing the dissipation of the lubricating oil. <P>SOLUTION: The balancer 57 smoothly contacts in a condition of small resistance applied from the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of a crank chamber 5 by attaching the balancer 57 of a blade profile in cross section to the crank shaft 7 when the balancer 57 of the blade profile rotates together with the crank shaft 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Stirling refrigerator, and more particularly to a structure of a balancer attached to a crankshaft of a Stirling refrigerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as a refrigerating device as an alternative to CFCs for global environmental problems, and having a wider operating temperature than conventional cooling devices, therefore, cold or heat utilization equipment for business use such as freezer, refrigerator, throw-in cooler, etc. , Low temperature liquid circulator, low temperature incubator, constant temperature bath, heat shock test device, freeze dryer, temperature characteristic test device, blood / cell storage device, cold cooler, and various other cooling and heating devices The Stirling refrigerator is in the spotlight as a refrigerator that can be applied to cold heat utilization equipment, is compact, has a high coefficient of performance, and has good energy efficiency.

In a Stirling refrigerator, a working gas is hermetically sealed in a housing which constitutes a main body and has a crank chamber and a motor chamber. On the other hand, the working gas flows between the compression chamber (high temperature chamber) and the expansion chamber (low temperature chamber),
A heat exchanger for cooling (low temperature side heat exchanger) and a heat exchanger for radiating heat (high temperature side heat exchanger) arranged along this flow path perform heat exchange with the cold heat refrigerant and the heat radiating refrigerant, respectively. Be seen.

[0004]

A balancer is attached to the crankshaft in order to balance the rotation of the crank mechanism. The conventional balancer has a substantially semi-circular shape, and its flat bottom surface has a large contact area so as to collide with the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the crank chamber.Therefore, the resistance of the lubricating oil to the balancer is large and the power loss is large. And the amount of lubricating oil scattered becomes larger than necessary, and the lubricating oil cannot be stably supplied to the sliding portion between the connecting rod and the crank portion.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems with conventional balancers, in which the balancer is brought into smooth contact with little resistance to the lubricating oil to reduce power loss and the amount of the lubricating oil scattered. It is an object of the present invention to reduce the oil consumption and to supply the lubricating oil stably to the mechanical sliding portion.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a crank chamber, a cylinder fixed to the top of the crank chamber, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, and a crank chamber. In a Stirling refrigerator provided with a crankshaft that is driven by a motor and operates a piston, a balancer is attached to the crankshaft, and the balancer has an outer surface intersecting an outer surface of the crankshaft. Provided is a Stirling refrigerator, which has a blade shape so as to be continuous without forming a corner portion.

It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the outer surface of the balancer and the flat surface of the crankshaft are continuous so as to have a wing shape.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on examples with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are diagrams illustrating a Stirling refrigerator to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating the entire configuration of the Stirling refrigerator 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a main part of the Stirling refrigerator 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram partially showing a right side view of a cross section.

The housing 2 formed of the casting of the Stirling refrigerator 1 is filled with He and is held in a semi-sealed state, and the motor chamber 4 and the crank chamber 5 which communicate with each other through the partition wall 3. Have and. A motor 6 capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions is disposed in the motor chamber 4, and in the crank chamber 5, a crankshaft 7, connecting rods 8 and 9 which are rotationally driven by the motor 6, and cross guide heads 10 and 1 are provided.
A drive mechanism such as 1 is provided.

Two crank parts 1 of the crankshaft 7
Reference numerals 2 and 13 are formed with a phase difference so that the crank portion 13 moves ahead of the crank portion 12 when the motor 6 rotates in the normal direction. As this phase difference, a phase difference of about 90 degrees is generally adopted. Connecting rods 8 and 9 are attached to the crank portions 12 and 13, and cross guide heads 10 and 11 are attached to the connecting rods 8 and 9.

A cylinder block 15 is attached to the upper portion of the crank chamber 5 in the housing 2 with a bolt 16 via a seat portion 14. The cylinder block 15 forms a compression cylinder 17 and a part (lower part) of the expansion cylinder 18.

The space above the compression piston 19 (compression space) that reciprocates in the compression cylinder 17 is the high temperature chamber 20,
In this, the working gas He is compressed and becomes high temperature.
The compression piston rod 21 connects the compression piston 19 and the cross guide head 10, and is provided so as to extend from the crank chamber 5 to the compression cylinder 17. The oil seal bellows 22 is used for the compression piston rod 21 and the housing 2.
Is installed between the upper parts of the cylinders, and seals between the compression cylinder 17 and the crank chamber 5 to prevent oil from rising from the crank chamber 5.

On the other hand, the expansion cylinder 18 has a lower portion composed of the cylinder block 15 as described above, and an upper portion thereof,
It is composed of an inner cylinder 23 of a heat radiating heat exchanger 29 described later and an inner cylinder 24 of a cooling heat exchanger. An upper space (expansion space) of the piston 25 that slides back and forth in the expansion cylinder 18 is a low temperature chamber 26, in which the working gas expands and becomes a low temperature.

The expansion piston rod 27 connects the expansion piston 25 and the cross guide head 11 and extends from the crank chamber 5 into the expansion cylinder 18. An oil seal bellows 28 is attached between the expansion piston rod 27 and the upper portion of the housing 2 to seal between the expansion cylinder 18 and the crank chamber 5 and prevent oil from rising from the crank chamber 5. The expansion piston 25 is the compression piston 19
It moves ahead by 90 degrees in phase.

A heat-radiating heat exchanger (high-temperature-side heat exchanger) 29, a regenerator 30, and a cooling heat-exchanger (low-temperature-side heat exchanger) 31 communicate with each other and are annularly arranged so as to surround the expansion cylinder 18. It is set up. A manifold (flow path for working gas) 32 is formed around the lower end of the heat radiating heat exchanger 29 and around the expansion cylinder 18.

At the upper end of the compression cylinder 17,
Communication hole 33 for communicating the high greenhouse 20 and the manifold 32
Are formed. The high greenhouse 20 and the low temperature chamber 26 are configured to sequentially communicate with each other through the communication hole 33, the manifold 32, the heat radiating heat exchanger 29, the regenerator 30, and the cooling heat exchanger 31.

The cylinder block 15 has a heat radiating heat exchange housing 34 on its upper part. A heat exchanger tube 37 is fitted between the heat radiating heat exchange housing 34 and the inner cylinder 23, and the heat radiating heat exchanger (high temperature side heat exchanger) 2
9 is composed. The heat exchanger tube 37 has, on its inner surface,
It has a narrow groove 35 that forms a flow path of the working gas, and has a radiation fin 36 on the outer surface.

The working gas passes through the narrow groove 35, and the cooling water flows through the heat radiating path 38 between the heat radiating heat exchange housing 34 and the radiating fins 36, whereby the warm heat of the working gas is radiated to the cooling water. A lid plate 39 is watertightly fixed to both left and right side surfaces of the cylinder block 15, and a cooling water passage 40 is formed between the lid plate 39 and the cylinder block 15. The cooling water passage 40 communicates with the inlet 41 and the heat dissipation passage 38.
And is formed so as to surround the compression cylinder 17 and the expansion cylinder 18.

A cooling water inflow port 42 is provided in the heat radiation path 38, an outflow port 43 is provided in the cooling water path 40, and the inflow port 40 and the outflow port 43 are not shown in the drawing, but are not shown in the drawing. It is connected to an air-cooled radiator (radiator) having a cooling fan via a water circulation pump.

The lower part of the inner cylinder 24 is fitted with the inner cylinder 23 and constitutes a part of the expansion cylinder 18. A cooling heat exchange housing 44 is arranged on the upper outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 24. It is detachably fixed to the cylinder block 15. The heat exchange housing 44 for cooling has a plurality of narrow grooves 45 on its inner surface, is fitted with the inner cylinder 24 to form a working gas passage 46, and has cooling fins 47 on its outer surface.
This constitutes the cooling heat exchanger (low temperature side heat exchanger) 31.

The cooling heat exchanger 31 cools the cold heat refrigerant of the cold heat utilizing equipment utilizing the cold heat of the Stirling refrigerator of the present invention. Air, water, alcohol, HFE, PFC or the like is used as the cold heat refrigerant.

A regenerator 30 made of a cold storage material such as a metal mesh is arranged in an annular space between the inner cylinder 24 and the cooling heat exchange housing 44.

The space between the oil seal bellows 28 and the expansion piston 25 (the same applies to the space between the oil seal bellows 22 and the compression piston 19) is called a buffer space (buffer chamber) 48. The buffer space 48 is connected to the buffer tank 51 by a pipe 49,
The buffer tank 51 is connected to the crank chamber 5 (or the motor chamber 4) of the housing 2 by a pipe 50.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the crank chamber 5. In FIG. 4, through a hollow lubrication supply passage 52 and lubricating oil holes 53 and 54 provided in the crankshaft 7,
Lubricating oil is sent to the sliding portions between the crank portions 12 and 13 and the connecting rods 8 and 9 for lubrication.

Further, the lubricating oil passes through the lubrication supply passages 55 and 56 provided in the connecting rods 8 and 9, and the connecting pin 1 between the connecting rods 8 and 9 and the cross guide heads 10 and 11.
It is sent to the sliding parts of 0'and 11 'for lubrication. This lubricating oil falls in the crank chamber 5 and is stored at the bottom thereof.

As shown in FIG. 4, a balancer 57 is attached to the crankshaft 7. The Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention is characterized in that the balancer 57 is formed in a blade shape. FIG. 5: is a figure explaining the balancer attached to the crankshaft 7 of a Stirling refrigerator compared with a prior art example.

FIG. 5A shows a structure in which a conventional balancer 58 is attached to the crankshaft 7. The conventional balancer 58 has a substantially semicircular shape, and the bottom surface 59 of the semicircular shape is formed into a substantially flat surface. When the balancer 58 is attached to the crankshaft 7, the balancer 5
The bottom surface 59 of 8 and the outer surface of the crankshaft 7 intersect each other to form a corner 60.

Therefore, when the balancer 58 rotates together with the crankshaft 7, the bottom surface 59 of the balancer 58 is rotated.
However, the area of the bottom surface 59 that comes into contact with the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the crank chamber 5 so as to collide therewith is large, and since there is a corner, the resistance of the lubricating oil to the balancer 58 is large and the power loss becomes large. At the same time, the amount of lubricating oil scattered becomes unnecessarily large, the amount of lubricating increases and decreases with the rotation cycle of the balancer, and the supply of lubricating oil cannot be stabilized.

In order to solve such a problem, in the Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention, the balancer attached to the crankshaft 7 has a blade-shaped cross section as shown in FIGS. 5 (b) and 5 (c). 57 is adopted.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5B, the blade-shaped balancer 57 has a portion 61 having a substantially semicircular cross section, a recess 62 for mounting on the crankshaft, and both sides of the recess 62. It is composed of the left and right portions 63 located at. The recess 62 has the same cross section as the cross section of the crankshaft 7 to be fitted and attached to the crankshaft 7.

This balancer 58 is used for the crankshaft 7
And are attached with screws 65 as shown in FIG. 5 (c). In the state of being attached in this manner, the flat surface 6 of the crankshaft 7 from the portion 61 having a substantially semicircular cross section.
The outer surfaces of the left and right portions 63 are formed into a curved surface so as to be continuously in contact with 4.

When the blade-shaped balancer 57 is rotated, the balancer 57 has a structure in which the outer surfaces of the left and right portions 63 are formed in a curved shape and continuously contact the flat surface 64 of the crankshaft 7. The smooth contact can be made with less resistance received from the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the oil, the amount of lubricating oil scattered can be reduced, the lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the sliding parts due to scattering, and power loss Can be reduced to improve the COP (coefficient of performance) of the Stirling refrigerator and reduce the required input.

(Operation) Next, the operation of the Stirling refrigerator of the above embodiment of the present invention will be described. The motor 6 rotates the crankshaft 7 in the forward direction, and the crank portions 12 and 13 in the crank chamber 5 rotate 90 degrees out of phase.
The connecting rod 8 connected to the crank portions 12 and 13,
The compression piston 19 and the expansion piston 25 reciprocate through the cross guide heads 10 and 11, the compression piston rod 21, and the expansion piston rod 27 with a phase difference of 90 degrees.

While the expansion piston 25 is moving 90 degrees ahead and moving slowly near the top dead center, the compression piston 19 rapidly moves near the middle toward the top dead center to compress the working gas. The compressed working gas flows into the narrow groove 35 of the heat radiating heat exchanger 29 through the communication hole 33 and the manifold 32, and radiates heat to the cooling water flowing through the heat radiating passage 38. Further, the working gas is cooled by the cold heat stored in the regenerator 30, passes through the narrow groove 45, and flows into the low temperature chamber 26 (expansion space).

When the compression piston 19 is slowly moving near the top dead center, the expansion piston 25 rapidly moves toward the bottom dead center, and the working gas flowing into the low temperature chamber 26 (expansion space) rapidly expands. Then cold heat is generated. As a result, the head portion (called a cold head) 48 including the heat exchanger 31 for cooling is cooled to a low temperature.

Then, in the cooling heat exchanger 31, the cold heat refrigerant for the equipment utilizing cold heat, which is in contact with the cooling fins 47, is cooled. When the expansion piston 25 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the compression piston 19 moves from the intermediate position to the bottom dead center, and the working gas flows from the low temperature chamber 26 through the narrow groove 45 of the cooling heat exchanger to the regenerator. Cold heat flowing into the working gas 30 and contained in the working gas is stored in the regenerator 30. The cold heat stored in the regenerator 30 is transferred from the high temperature chamber 20 to the heat radiating heat exchanger 29 as described above.
The working gas sent through is reused for cooling again.

Then, the cold heat refrigerant cooled in the cooling heat exchanger is sent from the outflow pipe 64 to various cold heat utilizing devices and used for cooling. For example, the cold heat refrigerant is sent to a cold heat refrigerant pipe in a cold heat utilization apparatus such as a freezer, and performs a freezing or cooling action in the cold heat utilization apparatus. Then, the cold heat utilization equipment circulates back to the cooling heat exchanger 31 through the inflow pipe 65 and is cooled again.

The cooling water sent from the radiator (radiator) flows into the heat radiating heat exchanger 38 through the inlet 42, passes through the heat radiating passage 38, and cools the working gas. Further, this cooling water flows into the cooling water passage 40 and flows around the compression cylinder 17 and the expansion cylinder 18. As a result, the compression cylinder 17 and the expansion cylinder 18 formed inside the cylinder block 15 are cooled from the surroundings. After that, the cooling water flows out from the outflow port 43, is cooled by the cooling fan in the radiator, and is circulated again to the heat radiation heat exchanger 29.

The buffer tank 51 has a buffer space 48.
The housing 2 has a uniform pressure, absorbs pressure fluctuations in the buffer space 48, and absorbs pressure fluctuations in the housing 2 so as not to affect the buffer space.

When the operation of the Stirling refrigerator is started, the lubricating oil is supplied from the lubricating oil supply passage 52 of the crankshaft 7 to the crank portions 12 and 13 and the connecting rod 8.
9 is sent to the sliding portion with the connecting rod 9, and the lubricating oil is further supplied from the lubricating oil supply passages 55, 56 of the connecting rods 8, 9 to the connecting rod 8,
9 and the connecting pin 10 'of the cross guide heads 10 and 11,
Lubricating oil is sent to the sliding portion 11 ′ for lubrication, and the lubricating oil is collected at the bottom of the crank chamber 5.

By the way, in the Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 (b) and 5 (c), the balancer 57 attached to the crankshaft 7 is a balancer having a blade-shaped cross section, The portion 63 is formed in a curved surface and is continuously connected to the flat surface 64 of the crankshaft 7.

Therefore, when the blade-shaped balancer 57 rotates together with the crankshaft 7, the balancer 57 can make smooth contact with the resistance received from the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the crank chamber 5 in a small state. The amount of lubricating oil scattered can be reduced, the lubricating oil can be supplied stably, and the power loss can be reduced to reduce CO in the Stirling refrigerator.
P can be improved.

Although the embodiment of the Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, the present invention is
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the technical matters described in the claims.

[0044]

According to the Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention having the above-described structure, the balancer can be brought into smooth contact with the lubricating oil in a state of low resistance, so that the power loss is reduced and the amount of the dispersed lubricating oil is reduced. The lubricating oil can be stably supplied to the mechanical sliding portion by reducing the amount.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view for explaining the overall configuration of a Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of the Stirling refrigerator of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a right side partially cutaway front view illustrating a Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main part of a crank chamber of a Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a conventional example and a balancer of a Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention in comparison. (A) is the figure which looked at the state which attached the conventional balancer to the crankshaft from the direction of an axis of a crankshaft, (b) is a perspective view of the balancer of the present invention, and (c) shows the balancer of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the state attached to the crankshaft from the axial direction of the crankshaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Stirling Refrigerator 2 Housing 3 Partition Wall 4 Motor Chamber 5 Crank Chamber 6 Motor 7 Crank Shafts 8, 9 Connecting Rods 10, 11 Cross Guide Heads 10 ', 11' Connecting Pins 12, 13 Cranks 14 Seats 15 Cylinder Blocks 16 Bolts 17 compression cylinder 18 expansion cylinder 19 compression piston 20 upper space (compression space) high temperature chamber 21 compression piston rod 22 oil seal bellows 23 inner cylinder 24 inner cylinder 25 of cooling heat exchanger expansion piston 26 upper space (expansion space) is low temperature Chamber 27 Expansion piston rod 28 Oil seal bellows 29 Heat dissipation heat exchanger (high temperature side heat exchanger) 30 Regenerator 31 Cooling heat exchanger (low temperature side heat exchanger) 32 Manifold (working gas flow path) 33 Communication Hole 34 heat dissipation housing 35 for heat dissipation of the inner surface of the heat exchanger tube Fine groove for working gas flow path 36 Radiating fins 37 Heat exchanger tube 34 Radiating heat exchange housing Radiating path between radiation fins 39 Lid plate 40 Cooling water channel 41 Inlet 42 Cooling water inflow port 43 of cooling channel Outlet 44 of the cooling heat exchange housing 45 a plurality of fine grooves on the inner surface of the cooling heat exchange housing 46 working gas flow path 47 cooling fins 48 buffer space (buffer chamber) 49 tube 51 buffer tank 51 buffer tank 52 lubrication supply passage 53 , 54 Lubricating oil holes 55, 56 Lubricating supply passage 57 Balancer
58 Conventional balancer
59 Conventional balancer bottom
60 Conventional balancer corners 61 Balancer airfoil portion 62 Balancer recesses for mounting on the crankshaft 63 Balancer left and right parts 64 Crankshaft flat surface 65 Screw

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Takehiro Nishikawa             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideyuki Inoue             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Atomic             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinya Itabashi             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuya Kato             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A crank chamber, a cylinder fixed to the top of the crank chamber, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, and a crank shaft provided in the crank chamber and driven by a motor to operate the piston. In the provided Stirling refrigerator, a balancer is attached to the crankshaft, and the balancer is continuous so that its outer surface does not intersect with the outer surface of the crankshaft to form a corner. A Stirling refrigerator, which has a wing shape. 2. The Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the balancer and the flat surface of the crankshaft are blade-shaped so as to be continuous with each other.