JP2003279742A - Electro-optical device, polarizing plate, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deterioration of function of a polarizing plate resulted form iodine decoloring by moisture. <P>SOLUTION: A peripheral end surface of polarizing plates 5 and 6 of a liquid crystal panel 4 is coated by unidirectionally permeable films 7 and 8 in order to prevent water from entering from outside. Also, steam inside is effused outside in order to prevent dew condensation. By doing so, the iodine contained in a PVA film 9 composing the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are decolorized, and this prevents the deterioration of the function of the polarizing plates 5 and 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to OA equipment such as copying machines, facsimiles, printers, portable electronic equipment such as personal computers and word processors, equipment such as cash dispensers and ticket vending machines, and image display equipment such as flat-screen televisions and projectors. The present invention relates to an electro-optical device, a polarizing plate, and an electronic device which can be used as a display unit of the present invention and can prevent functional deterioration of the polarizing plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device 500 includes a liquid crystal panel 4 configured by enclosing a liquid crystal 3 between two glass substrates 1 and 2, and polarizing plates 5 and 6 attached on both surfaces of the liquid crystal panel 4. Have. The liquid crystal panel 4 is configured by disposing two glass substrates 1 and 2 having different sizes so as to face each other. The polarizing plates 5 and 6 have a rectangular shape smaller than the glass substrates 1 and 2 forming the liquid crystal panel 4, and the end portions thereof are located inside the end portions of the glass substrates 1 and 2.

Polarizing plates 5 and 6 have a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film 9 absorbing a dye substance such as iodine, and then the PVA film 9 is stretched in one direction to orient the molecules such as iodine in a certain direction. Then, a triacetate (TAC) film 10, 1 is formed on both front and back surfaces of this polarizing element.
It is made by sticking 0.

[0004]

Usually, the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are used.
Since one original plate is cut out and used, the side surfaces of the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are exposed to the outside. Electronic devices and the like using a liquid crystal display device are often used in a humid environment. In such a case, moisture penetrates into the inside of the side surfaces of the polarizing plates 5 and 6, and iodine is decolorized to cause the polarizing plates 5 and 6. There is a problem that the function of 6 deteriorates.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and it prevents electrochromic discoloration due to moisture absorption of the polarizing plate and does not deteriorate the function of the polarizing plate even in a humid environment, and an electronic device. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an electro-optical device according to the present invention comprises an electro-optical panel and a side end portion of a polarizing plate using a PVA layer containing iodine as a polarizing element. A polarizing plate is provided, at least a part of which is covered with a one-way permeable material that prevents water from permeating and allows water vapor to pass therethrough.

According to the present invention, the unidirectionally permeable material prevents moisture from entering, and allows the internal water vapor to permeate and release it to the outside, thereby suppressing the decolorization of iodine in the PVA layer and reducing the polarization function. It can be prevented. In addition, the PVA
For example, a TAC layer is laminated on the layers to form a polarizing plate.

An electro-optical device according to the next invention uses an electro-optical panel and a PVA layer containing iodine as a polarizing element, and has a TAC layer on both sides of the PVA. A polarizing plate is provided, which covers at least a part of the layer together with the TAC layer with a unidirectionally permeable material that prevents water from permeating and allows water vapor to pass therethrough.

By covering the PVA layer with the TAC layer,
Water can be effectively prevented from entering the PVA. Therefore, it is possible to further prevent the iodine in the PVA layer from being decolorized and deteriorating the polarization function. Further, forming the unidirectionally transparent material only on the side end portions of the polarizing plate is a top-down manufacturing process, but if the TAC is covered, the manufacturing becomes simple.

An electro-optical device according to the next invention is characterized in that, in the above structure, a hygroscopic cushioning material is further provided for the unidirectionally transmitting material.

By providing a hygroscopic cushioning material, the one-way permeable material absorbs the moisture that is prevented from entering the inside,
In addition, since it absorbs water vapor released from the inside, PVA
Can be further prevented from being exposed to a humid environment. Further, the buffering function can prevent the electro-optical device from being damaged even when it is impacted by being dropped or the like.

In the electro-optical device according to the next invention, in addition to the above structure, the unidirectionally transparent material is used for the PVA.
It is characterized in that the layer is covered and the unidirectionally transmitting material is made to have a light-shielding property and is formed to the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the polarizing plate to be used as a parting portion.

By forming the parting portion with the unidirectionally transparent material, it is not necessary to separately provide the parting portion, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display device is simplified. It is preferable that the one-way transmissive material has a shade based on black in order to provide a light shielding property.

The electro-optical device according to the next invention is characterized in that, in the above structure, the one-way permeable material is made of a porous material having a pore diameter smaller than that of water droplets and larger than water vapor molecules.

This unidirectionally permeable material has a function of preventing the intrusion of water from the outside because the pore size is smaller than that of water droplets, and at the same time, has a function of releasing the internal water vapor to the outside because the pore size is larger than the water vapor molecule. . The unidirectionally permeable material may be of any material and shape as long as it has such a structure and has the above-mentioned function.

The electro-optical device according to the next invention further comprises an illuminating means for illuminating the electro-optical panel in the above structure, and covers the PVA layer with the unidirectionally transparent material and shields the unidirectionally transparent material. It is characterized in that it is formed to the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the polarizing plate and is used as a means for regulating the illumination area of the illumination device.

According to the present invention, since it is used as the illumination area regulating means, it is not necessary to separately provide means for regulating the illumination. Therefore, the configuration of the electro-optical device can be simplified.

The electro-optical device according to the next invention further comprises a plate-shaped illuminating device for illuminating the electro-optical panel in the above structure, and the unidirectionally transparent material is formed up to the peripheral upper surface of the polarizing plate, and It is characterized in that the plate-shaped illuminating means is attached to the unidirectionally transparent material formed to the upper surface of the peripheral edge.

The plate-shaped illuminating means is attached to the unidirectionally transparent material formed on the upper surface of the periphery of the polarizing plate to seal the space between the polarizing plate and the illuminating means. For this reason, the water entry path becomes complicated, and almost no water can enter the PVA. Examples of the plate-shaped illumination means include a combination of an LED light source and a light guide plate.

In the polarizing plate according to the next invention, at least a part of the side end of the polarizing plate using the iodine-containing PVA layer as a polarizing element is a one-way transmissive material that prevents water from permeating and allows water vapor to pass therethrough. It is characterized by being covered with a material.

The polarizing plate according to the next invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned constitution, the unidirectionally permeable material is formed of a porous material having a pore size smaller than a water droplet and larger than a water vapor molecule.

An electronic apparatus according to the next invention is characterized by including the above electro-optical device and a housing for accommodating the electro-optical device.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The constituent elements of this embodiment include elements that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art, or elements that are substantially the same.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2
It is a top view of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. The liquid crystal display device 100 includes a liquid crystal 3 between a pair of glass substrates 1 and 2.
A liquid crystal panel 4 formed by encapsulating the liquid crystal, polarizing plates 5 and 6 attached to both surfaces of the liquid crystal panel 4, and polarizing plates 5 and 6
And the unidirectional transparent films 7 and 8 attached so as to cover the side surface of the. The liquid crystal panel 4 is configured by arranging two glass substrates 1 and 2 having different sizes so as to face each other, and a protruding region 29 for forming a drive circuit or the like is provided on the larger glass substrate 2. The polarizing plates 5 and 6 have a rectangular shape smaller than the glass substrates 1 and 2 forming the liquid crystal panel 4, and their ends 5a and 6a are located inside the glass substrate ends.

The polarizing plates 5 and 6 are made of PVA film 9 (PV
(A layer) absorbs a pigment substance such as iodine, and then the PV
A film 9 is stretched in one direction to orient molecules such as iodine in a certain direction, and TA on both sides of this polarizing element.
It is manufactured by laminating the C film 10 (TAC layer). The polarizing plates 5 and 6 are attached to the liquid crystal panel 4 by the adhesive layer 11.

The one-way permeable films 7 and 8 are provided on the upper surfaces 5 of the peripheral portions of the polarizing plates 5 and 6 with the adhesive layers 12 and 13 interposed therebetween.
b, 6b to the upper surface of the glass substrates 1a, 2a,
The PVA film 9 exposed on the cut surfaces of the polarizing plates 5 and 6 is completely covered. As a result, a certain distance can be gained from the end portions 7a, 8a of the unidirectionally transparent films 7, 8 to the cut surface of the polarizing plates 5, 6 (PVA film 9). It is possible to effectively prevent water from penetrating from between 8 and the polarizing plates 5 and 6 to reach the PVA film 9.

The functions required of the unidirectionally transparent films 7 and 8 are that moisture from the outside is not permeated into the inside and that moisture inside is released to the outside. By providing such a function, it is possible to prevent the PVA film 9, which is weak against humidity, from coming into contact with water, effectively suppress the dew condensation inside, and prevent the deterioration of the polarization function due to the decolorization of iodine. As a specific example of the unidirectionally permeable films 7 and 8, it is preferable that the unidirectionally permeable films 7 and 8 are made of a porous material having a large number of pores smaller than water droplets and larger than water vapor. Further, it is preferable that the surfaces of the unidirectionally transparent films 7 and 8 are treated to be water repellent or that the surface of the unidirectionally transparent films 7 and 8 is provided with a fabric layer having a water repellent function.

For example, Gore-tex (Gore-tex)
GORE-TEX Membrane used for (registered trademark) laminate is suitable. GORE-TEX Membrane is made by specially stretching polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has approximately 1.4 billion fine holes per square centimeter (pore diameter 0.
It is a porous film having a thickness of 05 μm to 100 μm, preferably about 0.2 μm). Since these micropores are 5,000 to 20,000 times less than the water droplets in which water molecules are concentrated, they do not pass through the water droplets, and are larger than the water vapor molecules (about 700 times the water vapor molecules), so water vapor, gas, etc. Is transparent. As a result, the unidirectional transparent film 7,
Water vapor generated inside 8 can be released to the outside, so PVA
Condensation does not easily occur on the film 9, and moisture from the outside does not enter the inside, so that the PVA film 9 does not come into contact with moisture.

That is, the unidirectionally permeable films 7 and 8 can be adopted as a constituent element of the present invention as long as they are made of a porous material and have a function of allowing water vapor to pass therethrough without allowing water to pass therethrough. For example, a large number of fine holes may be formed in a metal thin film by etching, the metal thin film may be cut out into a rectangular shape, bent, and attached to an end surface of a polarizing plate (not shown). Further, it is preferable that the surface of the metal thin film be treated to be water-repellent so that the wettability becomes low. Further, as the unidirectionally permeable films 7 and 8, a non-woven fabric formed by pressing and molding fibers having an extremely small diameter may be used.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are
All exposed cut surfaces (TAC film 10 and P
Although the VA film 9) is covered with the unidirectional transparent films 7 and 8, only the PVA film 9 may be covered. The PVA film 9 and the TAC film 10 provided on one side of the front and back surfaces of the PVA film 9 and the unidirectional transparent film 7,
You may coat with 8.

An acrylic adhesive can be used as the adhesive layer, and the acrylic adhesive can be applied directly or can be used as a double-sided tape using the adhesive.

On the back side of the liquid crystal panel 4, an illuminating device composed of an LED light source (not shown) and a rectangular light guide plate 14 is arranged. The light guide plate 14 includes a unidirectional transparent film 8 with a double-sided tape 15 on four sides of the rectangle.
Pasted on. By sticking the light guide plate 14 to the unidirectional transmissive film 8, the light guide plate 14 and the polarizing plate 6 positioned opposite thereto are sealed, so that the polarizing plate 6 and the unidirectional transmissive film 8 are provided. It is possible to prevent water from entering through the adhesive layer 13 with. The lighting device is an organic EL.
It may be an (electroluminescence) panel.

As the unidirectionally transparent films 7 and 8, it is preferable to use black or a color close to this, which has a high light-shielding property. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal display device 100 is provided with a parting portion 17 based on black color outside the active area 16 or along the active area 16. The parting portion 17 is usually located inside the window frame 18 of the housing that houses the liquid crystal display device 100, and is located at a position that can be recognized by the user. The active area 16 is an area where a dot matrix formed by the stripe-shaped electrode patterns formed on the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 crossing each other with the liquid crystal 3 interposed therebetween is present. In the present invention, the parting portion 1 of the liquid crystal display device 100 is used.
7 also serves as the unidirectional transparent film 7.

Further, by using the one-direction permeable film 7 having a high light-shielding property, the illumination area of the backlight can be regulated so that an unnecessary portion is not displayed. Further, the parting portion 17 can be made inconspicuous by using a material having a color tone based on black for the unidirectional transparent film 7.
Regarding the light shielding and the color tone, the same effect can be obtained by using the adhesive layer 12 having a light shielding property, preferably a color tone based on black. According to such a configuration, it is not necessary to separately form a parting portion, so that the manufacturing of the liquid crystal display device 100 can be simplified.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the unidirectional transparent film 7 may be provided on a part of the peripheral portion of the polarizing plate 5. For example, in the case of the mobile phone shown in the figure, the housing 20 and the liquid crystal display device 100 are close to each other on three sides 21, 22, 2
The sample No. 3 is easily affected by the external temperature and also allows the entry of water. On the other hand, the side 24 on the side where the circuit board 25, the battery, and the like are stored is less affected by the external temperature, and moisture is unlikely to enter. Therefore, the unidirectional transparent film 7 may be provided only on the three sides 21, 22, and 23, and may not be provided on the one side 24. In particular, in the case of a mobile phone, the projecting region 29 for mounting the drive circuit 26 such as a driver IC is located on the circuit board 25 side from the viewpoint of the need to make the housing 20 compact and the connection with the circuit board 25. It is preferable that the unidirectional transparent film 7 is not provided in the overhang area 29 in such a case.
This is preferable from the viewpoint of avoiding short circuit of the wiring pattern formed on the overhang region 29, connection and routing of the nted circuit).

As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment, since the side end portions of the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are covered with the unidirectional transparent films 7 and 8, invasion of water from the outside is prevented. At the same time, the internal water vapor is released to the outside to prevent dew condensation, so that it is possible to prevent the decolorization of iodine due to water and the deterioration of the polarization function.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This liquid crystal display device 200 is the liquid crystal display device 1 of the first embodiment.
00 one-way permeable film 7,8 on the outside of the cushioning material 2
The feature is that 7, 28 are provided. Since other configurations are similar to those of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted and the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

The cushioning materials 27 and 28 are formed so as to be overlapped over substantially the entire outer sides of the unidirectionally transparent films 7 and 8.
Further, the cushioning materials 27 and 28 are attached to the unidirectional transparent films 7 and 8 by an adhesive layer (not shown). A hygroscopic material is used for the cushioning materials 27 and 28, and has a function of absorbing water from the outside and absorbing water released from the inside through the unidirectional permeable films 7 and 8.

Specific examples of the cushioning material include foamed resin films such as acrylic foam, urethane foam, styrene foam and polyethylene foam.

Further, even if a shock is applied to the housing housed by the liquid crystal display device 200 being dropped due to the shock absorbing function of the shock absorbing materials 27 and 28, the shock absorbing material is absorbed by the shock absorbing materials 27 and 28. Substrates 1 and 2 and drive circuit 26
It is possible to prevent damage such as. In addition, the cushioning material may be provided only in a place where the cushioning function is particularly required, or may be provided only in a place where the water absorbing function is particularly required, that is, the cushioning material or the water absorbing function is importantly arranged. You can also

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a polarizing plate according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the polarizing plate of FIG. This polarizing plate 300 is PV
After absorbing a pigment substance such as iodine in the A film 301, the PVA film 301 is stretched in one direction to orient the molecules such as iodine in a certain direction, and the TAC film 302 is attached to both front and back surfaces of this polarizing element. To match. Then, the unidirectional transparent film 303 is provided on the cut surface of the light distribution plate that is cut and cut.

The unidirectional transparent film 303 is similar to that of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6A,
The unidirectional transparent film 303 is attached so that the PVA film 301 is completely covered, or the unidirectional transparent film 303 is bent and attached to the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the TAC film as shown in FIG. To do so.
The unidirectional transparent film 303 is attached using the same adhesive as in the first embodiment.

As in the first embodiment, the one-way permeable film 303 is made of a porous material and has a function of allowing water vapor to pass therethrough without allowing water to pass therethrough. Can be adopted as For example, a large number of fine holes may be formed in a metal thin film by etching, the metal thin film may be cut out into a rectangular shape, bent, and attached to an end surface of a polarizing plate (not shown). Further, it is preferable that the surface of the metal thin film be treated to be water-repellent so that the wettability becomes low. Further, as the unidirectional permeable film 303, a non-woven fabric formed by pressing and molding fibers having an extremely small diameter may be used.

As described above, since the side surface of the polarizing plate 300 is covered with the one-way permeable film 303, it prevents the invasion of water from the outside and also releases the internal water vapor to the outside to prevent dew condensation. Thereby, it is possible to prevent iodine from being decolorized and deteriorating the polarization function. Therefore, it is suitable for an electro-optical device used in a humid environment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a modification of the polarizing plate according to the third embodiment of the present invention. This polarizing plate 350
Is a configuration in which the unidirectionally transparent film 306 is sandwiched by TAC films 305 attached to both sides of the PVA film 304, as shown in FIG. As a result, in this polarizing plate 350, as shown in FIG.
The unidirectional transparent film 306 is arranged on the entire outer circumference of the PVA film 304. TAC film 30
5 and the side surface of the PVA film 304,
It is fixed by the adhesive shown in the first embodiment. With this configuration, it becomes difficult for water to enter the PVA film 304, so that deterioration of the polarization function can be effectively prevented.

In the first to third embodiments described above, the liquid crystal display device formed of the glass substrate is disclosed, but the present invention is also applicable to the liquid crystal display device formed of the flexible substrate. In addition, a two-terminal type switching element represented by TFD (Thin Film Diode) and a TFT (Thin Film Diode).
The present invention can be applied to any active matrix type liquid crystal display device using a three-terminal switching element represented by Film Transistor), and also to a passive matrix type liquid crystal display device having no switching element.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal as the electro-optical material is illustrated, but an EL element represented by an organic EL element is used as the electro-optical material. The present invention can be applied to various devices that perform display by the electro-optical effect.
Moreover, it is similarly applicable to a plasma display panel.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, electronic equipment using the liquid crystal display device (electro-optical device) according to the present invention will be described. First, an example in which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied to a display unit of a portable personal computer (so-called notebook computer) will be described. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a personal computer. As shown in the figure, the personal computer 400 includes a main body portion 402 having a keyboard 401 and a display portion 403 to which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied.

Next, an example in which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied to the display portion of a mobile phone will be described. Figure 9
[FIG. 3] is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile phone. As shown in the figure, the mobile phone 450 has a plurality of operation buttons 451.
In addition to the earpiece 452 and the mouthpiece 453, a display unit 454 to which the electro-optical device according to the invention is applied is provided.

As an electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention can be applied, in addition to the personal computer 400 shown in FIG. 8 and the mobile phone 450 shown in FIG. Monitors Direct-view video tape recorders, car navigation devices, pagers, electronic organizers, calculators, word processors, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, digital still cameras, etc.

[0051]

As described above, in the electro-optical device of the present invention, the electro-optical panel and the P containing iodine are used.
Since a polarizing plate is provided, which covers at least a part of a side end portion of a polarizing plate using the VA layer as a polarizing element, with a unidirectionally permeable material that prevents water from permeating and transmits water vapor,
It is possible to prevent deterioration of the polarizing function of the polarizing plate.

Further, in the electro-optical device of the present invention, the electro-optical panel and the PVA layer containing iodine are used as the polarizing element, and the side end portion of the polarizing plate having the TAC layers on both sides of the PVA is provided. Since the PVA layer is provided with a polarizing plate that covers the TAC layer with a unidirectionally permeable material that blocks water permeation and water vapor transmission, it is possible to further prevent the polarizing function of the polarizing plate from being deteriorated. . It also simplifies manufacturing.

Further, in the electro-optical device of the present invention, since the hygroscopic cushioning material is provided for the unidirectionally transparent material, the polarization function of the polarizing plate is further prevented from being deteriorated, and Can prevent damage.

Further, in the electro-optical device of the present invention, the PVA layer is covered with the unidirectionally transparent material, and the unidirectionally transparent material is made to have a light-shielding property and is formed up to the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the polarizing plate to be used as a parting portion. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a parting portion, and the configuration of the liquid crystal display device is simplified.

In the electro-optical device according to the present invention, the unidirectionally transparent material is made of a porous material having a pore size smaller than that of water droplets and larger than water vapor molecules.
Since contact of water with the A layer can be suppressed, deterioration of the polarization function can be prevented.

The electro-optical device of the present invention further comprises an illuminating means for illuminating the electro-optical panel, the PVA layer is covered with the unidirectionally transparent material, and the unidirectionally transparent material has a light-shielding property and is polarized. Form up to the peripheral upper surface of the plate,
Since it is used as the regulation means for the illumination area of the illumination device, the structure of the electro-optical device can be simplified.

Further, the electro-optical device of the present invention is provided with a plate-shaped illuminating means for illuminating the electro-optical panel, and the unidirectional transparent material is formed up to the peripheral upper surface of the polarizing plate, and the plate-like illuminating means is provided. Since it is attached to the unidirectionally transparent material formed up to the upper surface of the peripheral edge, infiltration of water can be further suppressed, so that functional deterioration of the polarizing plate can be effectively prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a modification of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a polarizing plate according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the polarizing plate of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a modification of the polarizing plate according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a personal computer.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile phone.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 liquid crystal display 1, 2 glass substrate 3 liquid crystal 4 LCD panel 5,6 Polarizer 7,8 Unidirectional transparent film 9 PVA film 10 TAC film 11 Adhesive layer

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A unidirectional transmissive material which prevents water from permeating and allows water vapor to pass through at least a part of a side end portion of an electro-optical panel and a polarizing plate using a PVA layer containing iodine as a polarizing element. An electro-optical device comprising: a polarizing plate covered by. 2. An electro-optical panel, a PVA layer containing iodine as a polarizing element, and at least a part of a PVA layer at a side end portion of a polarizing plate having TAC layers on both sides of the PVA is moisture. And a polarizing plate covering the TAC layer with a unidirectionally permeable material that prevents the permeation of the TAC layer and allows water vapor to pass therethrough. 3. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a hygroscopic cushioning material provided to the one-way permeable material. 4. The unidirectionally permeable material further comprises PV.
4. The unidirectionally transparent material, which covers the layer A and has a light-shielding property, is formed up to the peripheral upper surface of the polarizing plate, and is used as a parting portion. Electro-optical device. 5. The one-way permeable material according to claim 1, wherein the unidirectionally permeable material is made of a porous material having a pore size smaller than that of water droplets and larger than water vapor molecules. Electro-optical device. 6. An illumination means for illuminating the electro-optical panel is further provided, the PVA layer is covered with the unidirectionally transmissive material, and the unidirectionally transmissive material has a light-shielding property and extends to the upper surface of the periphery of the polarizing plate. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optical device is formed and used as a means for restricting an illumination area of the illumination device. 7. A plate-shaped illuminating means for illuminating the electro-optical panel is further provided, the unidirectional transmissive material is formed up to a peripheral upper surface of the polarizing plate, and a plate-shaped illuminating means is formed up to the peripheral upper surface. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the electro-optical device is attached to the unidirectionally transparent material. 8. A unidirectionally permeable material that blocks penetration of water and allows water vapor to pass through at least a part of a side end portion of a polarizing plate using a PVA layer containing iodine as a polarizing element. Polarizing plate. 9. The polarizing plate according to claim 8, wherein the unidirectionally permeable material is made of a porous material having a pore size smaller than that of water droplets and larger than water vapor molecules. 10. An electronic apparatus comprising: the electro-optical device according to claim 1, and a housing that houses the electro-optical device.