JP2003258513A - 90-degree hybrid of plane circuit shape - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized 90-degree hybrid of plane circuit shape. <P>SOLUTION: The hybrid includes: a metallic film 7 configuring a center conductor clamped in a dielectric body 1 or a microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric body; an X-shaped slit 9 placed in the inside of the metallic film; and four terminals 3, 4, 5, 6 placed at an outer circumferential part of the metallic film, the metallic film is shaped to be rectangle, circular, elliptic, an axis symmetry shape or an optional shape, and the X-shaped slit is formed such that two optionally shaped slits are crossed with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compact plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a conventional 90-degree hybrid shown in, for example, "Technical report MW90-11 of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Microwave Research Group," Study of 90-degree hybrid using rectangular plane circuit ". It is a configuration diagram of, in the figure,
Reference numeral 1 is a dielectric substrate, and 2 is a ground metal film. Reference numeral 3 is a first terminal, 4 is a second terminal, 5 is a third terminal, and 6 is a fourth terminal. Reference numeral 7 is a square metal film, and 8 is a capacitive stub. Here, the dimensions of the rectangular metal film 7, the dimensions of the capacitive stub 8, and the mounting positions of the first terminal 3, the second terminal 4, the third terminal 5, and the fourth terminal 6 are determined by electromagnetic field analysis. , The matching condition and the equal power distribution condition are satisfied.

Next, the operation will be described. A signal is input from the first terminal 3 with the second terminal 4 serving as a reflectionless termination. Then, signals having the same amplitude but different phases by 90 degrees are output to the third terminal 5 and the fourth terminal 6.

[0004]

Conventional planar circuit type 90
Since the degree hybrid is configured as above,
There is a problem in that a in FIG. 8 has a size corresponding to 0.30 wavelength and the circuit becomes large.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a small-sized plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid.

[0006]

A planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention is provided inside a metal film and a metal film which constitutes a central conductor sandwiched between dielectrics or a microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric. The X-shaped slit is provided and four terminals are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the metal film.

In the planar circuit 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention, the metal film has a rectangular shape.

In the plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention, the metal film has a circular or elliptical shape.

In the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention, the metal film has an axially symmetrical shape.

In the plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention, the metal film has an arbitrary shape.

In the plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the present invention, the X-shaped slit has a shape in which two slits having an arbitrary shape intersect with each other.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Embodiment 1. 1 is a configuration diagram of a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a dielectric substrate and 2 is a ground metal film. Three
Is a first terminal, 4 is a second terminal, and 5 is a third terminal.
, And 6 is a fourth terminal. Reference numeral 7 is a rectangular metal film, and 9 is an X-shaped slit. The plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the present invention has a double symmetric structure with respect to the line AA 'and the line BB'.

Next, the operation will be described. If the even mode / odd mode analysis method is applied to this circuit, the line A- in FIG.
A'and the line BB 'are open or short-circuited faces.
Assuming that the reflection coefficient of the 1/4 plane circuit surrounded by the line A-O and the line B-O in FIG. 1 is Γαβ, a hybrid having the first terminal 3 as the input terminal and the second terminal 4 as the isolation terminal is Obtained when the following conditions are met:

Γoo = −Γso (Equation 1) Γos = −Γss (Equation 2) Γos−Γoo = π / 2 (Equation 3) where the subscript α indicates the boundary condition of the line AO and the subscript β indicates the line. The boundary condition of B-O is shown. When α and β are o, they represent an open condition, and when α and β are s, they represent a short circuit condition.

As in the conventional planar 90 degree hybrid shown in FIG. 8, there is no slit in the 1/4 planar circuit,
If the size of the circuit is smaller than the wavelength, ∠Γoo
And ∠Γss are large, ∠Γso, ∠Γos, ∠Γ
The difference between ss becomes small because the vicinity of the input terminal is short-circuited. For this reason, in the conventional planar 90-degree hybrid, in order to obtain the hybrid characteristics, the dimension a needs to be about 0.30 wavelength at the center frequency.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the reflection coefficient of the X-shaped slit 9 on the phase. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis represents phase difference (degree). FIG. 2 shows a simulation result in the 6 GHz band. In FIG. 2, the symbol ∠Γαβ | slit indicates the phase when the X-shaped slit 9 is provided, and the symbol ∠Γαα
β indicates the phase when the X-shaped slit 9 is not provided. Figure 2
Represents the angle formed by the diagonal line CC ′ and one side of the X-shaped slit 9.

The circuit has a = b = 8.75 mm and d = 1.5.
3 mm, relative permittivity εr = 2.53. As shown in FIG. 2, the influence of the X-shaped slit 9 on ∠Γoo and ∠Γss is small, but the influence on ∠Γso and ∠Γos is large. Therefore, the planar 90-degree hybrid of the present invention can satisfy (Equation 3) with small a and b.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing S-parameters of the prototype 90 ° hybrid according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, S ₁₁ represents the reflection at the terminal 3, S ₂₁ represents the passage from the terminal 3 to the terminal 4, S ₃₁ represents the passage from the terminal 3 to the terminal 5, and S ₄₁ represents the terminal 3 to the terminal 6. Represents the passage to.

A = 7.2 mm, b = 6 mm, l = 4.7
mm, w = 0.5 mm, d = 1.53 mm, εr = 2.
53. In FIG. 3, the solid line represents the measured value and the broken line represents the calculated value. The experimental and calculated values are in good agreement. a is a dimension corresponding to 0.22 wavelength, which is about half the area of the conventional plane 90-degree hybrid.

As described above, the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the first embodiment includes the metal film 7 forming the central conductor sandwiched between the dielectrics 1 or the microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric, and the metal film. X-shaped slit 9 provided inside
And four terminals 3, 4, provided on the outer periphery of the metal film.
5 and 6, and the metal film 7 has a rectangular shape.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the X-shaped slit is provided inside the rectangular metal film, the reflection coefficient is affected and the size of the metal film can be reduced. It is possible to obtain the effect of realizing a small plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid.

Embodiment 2. 4 is a configuration diagram of a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 10 is a circular or elliptical metal film. 1 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 1 except that the shape of the metal film 10 is changed from the rectangular shape of the planar circuit 90-degree hybrid metal film 7 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 to a circular shape or an elliptical shape. Indicates an element.

Next, the operation will be described. Also in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the second embodiment, the X-shaped slit 9 operates similarly to the case of the first embodiment.

As described above, in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the second embodiment, the metal film 10 constituting the central conductor sandwiched between the dielectrics 1 or the microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric and the metal film 10 are formed. The X-shaped slit 9 provided inside and the four terminals 3, 4, provided on the outer peripheral portion of the metal film.
5 and 6, the metal film 10 has a circular or elliptical shape.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the X-shaped slit is provided inside the circular or elliptical metal film, the reflection coefficient is affected and the size of the metal film is affected. Can be made smaller, and is a compact planar circuit type 9
The effect that a 0-degree hybrid can be realized is obtained.

Embodiment 3. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 11 is a metal film having an axially symmetric shape with respect to line BB ′. 1 is the same as that of FIG. 1 except that the shape of the metal film 11 is changed from the rectangular shape of the metal film 7 of the plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Indicates.

Next, the operation will be described. Also in the planar circuit 90-degree hybrid of the third embodiment, the X-shaped slit 9 operates similarly to the case of the first embodiment.

As described above, in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the third embodiment, the metal film 11 constituting the central conductor sandwiched between the dielectrics 1 or the microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric and the metal film 11 are formed. The X-shaped slit 9 provided inside and the four terminals 3, 4, provided on the outer peripheral portion of the metal film.
5 and 6, the metal film 11 has an axially symmetric shape.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, since the X-shaped slit is provided inside the metal film having the axially symmetrical shape, the size of the metal film is affected by affecting the reflection coefficient. The effect that it can be made small and a small plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid can be realized is obtained.

Fourth Embodiment 6 is a configuration diagram of a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 12 is a metal film having an arbitrary shape. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components except that the shape of the metal film 12 is changed from the rectangular shape of the metal film 7 of the plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, the operation will be described. Also in the planar circuit 90-degree hybrid of the fourth embodiment, the X-shaped slit 9 operates similarly to the case of the first embodiment.

As described above, in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fourth embodiment, the metal film 12 constituting the central conductor sandwiched between the dielectrics 1 or the microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric and the metal film 12 are formed. The X-shaped slit 9 provided inside and the four terminals 3, 4, provided on the outer peripheral portion of the metal film.
5 and 6, the metal film 12 has an arbitrary shape.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, since the X-shaped slit is provided inside the metal film having an arbitrary shape, the size of the metal film can be reduced by affecting the reflection coefficient. It is possible to obtain the effect of realizing a small plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid.

Embodiment 5. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an X-shaped slit 9 used in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, (a), (b),
Six types of configuration examples of (c), (d), (e), and (f) are shown. The X-shaped slit 9 may have any shape as long as the two slits intersect each other, and the symmetry with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes may be broken.

Next, the operation will be described. Also in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the X-shaped slit 9 operates similarly to the case of the first embodiment.

When the X-shaped slit 9 of the fifth embodiment is provided on the metal film 12 having an arbitrary shape, the mounting positions and shapes of the metal film 12 having the arbitrary shape, the X-shaped slit 9 and the four terminals are optimized. Therefore, the distribution condition of equal amplitude and 90 ° phase difference is realized.

As described above, in the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the metal film 7/10/11 / which constitutes the central conductor sandwiched between the dielectrics 1 or the microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric 7/10/11 / 12, X-shaped slits 9 provided inside the metal film, and 4 provided on the outer periphery of the metal film.
It has three terminals 3, 4, 5, and 6.

In the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the metal film 7 has a rectangular shape.

In the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the metal film 10 has a circular or elliptical shape.

In the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the metal film 11 has an axially symmetrical shape.

In the flat circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the metal film 12 has an arbitrary shape.

In the planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid of the fifth embodiment, the X-shaped slit 9 has a shape in which two slits having an arbitrary shape intersect with each other.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, the X-shaped slit having a shape in which two slits having an arbitrary shape intersect with each other is provided inside the metal film, so that the reflection coefficient is improved. As a result, the size of the metal film can be reduced, and a small planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid can be realized.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the X-shaped slit is provided inside the metal film,
There is an effect that the size of the metal film can be reduced by influencing the reflection coefficient and a small plane circuit type 90 degree hybrid can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the reflection coefficient of an X-shaped slit on the phase.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing S parameters of a prototype 90 ° hybrid according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an X-shaped slit used in a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional 90-degree hybrid.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Dielectric Substrate, 2 Ground Metal Film, 3 First Terminal, 4
2nd terminal, 5 3rd terminal, 6 4th terminal, 7
Square metal film, 8 capacitive stubs, 9 X-shaped slits, 1
0 circular or elliptical metal film, 11 metal film of symmetrical shape, 12 metal film of arbitrary shape.

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kazuhisa Yamauchi             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Yamanaka             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Otsuka             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Shuji Ishida             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid having a triplate or microstrip structure, a metal film constituting a central conductor sandwiched between dielectrics or a microstrip conductor on the surface of the dielectric, and provided inside the metal film. A planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid having an X-shaped slit formed therein and four terminals provided on the outer peripheral portion of the metal film. 2. The plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to claim 1, wherein the metal film has a rectangular shape. 3. The planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to claim 1, wherein the metal film has a circular or elliptical shape. 4. The plane circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to claim 1, wherein the metal film has an axially symmetric shape. 5. The planar circuit type 90-degree hybrid according to claim 1, wherein the metal film has an arbitrary shape. 6. The planar circuit type 90 degrees according to claim 2, wherein the X-shaped slit has a shape in which two slits having an arbitrary shape intersect with each other. hybrid.