JP2003253346A - Process for screening aluminum alloy scrap - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a practical and economical process for screening Al alloy scrap which is inevitable for recycling Al alloy scrap or malleable Al alloy scrap present in mixed scrap, as melting materials for standard malleable Al alloy. <P>SOLUTION: Upon screening aluminum alloy scraps 1a and 1b, the Si contents in the aluminum alloy scraps 1a and 1b are measured using a portable arc emission spectrometer 2. The scrap is screened by determining the kind of alloy of the scrap based on the measured Si contents. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material (hereinafter, aluminum is simply referred to as Al) which sorts aluminum alloy waste and mixed waste mixed with various aluminum alloy materials according to the type of alloy material. The present invention relates to a method for sorting waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art AA to JIS 3000 series, which has high strength and excellent moldability, is used for the body of automobiles and other transportation equipment and general structural parts.
5000 series and 6000 series with excellent moldability and bake hardenability (hereinafter,
3000 series, 5000 series to 6000 series), rolled sheet material,
Various Al alloy wrought materials such as extruded shapes and forged materials are used in combination. Also, these Al alloy wrought materials and Al alloy cast materials (including castings and die castings) are often used in combination.

As the use amount of the vehicle body and the structural parts increases, the recycled use of Al alloy scraps (scraps) that have been scrapped for these purposes or that have occurred in the manufacturing process of these, has resulted in environmental protection and resource saving. From the point of view, it is socially necessary.

The recycling of these Al alloy scraps in the original meaning means that the scraps of the Al alloy wrought material are not the melting raw material for lower castings, but the standard for the wrought material. It is to reuse as a melting raw material of Al alloy. Of course, in the case of Al alloy cast material scrap, it is to be reused as a melting raw material of the Al alloy cast material.

For example, 6000 series Al alloy expanded material scrap (Si: 0.2 to 1.5%, Mg: 0.2 to 1.5%), which has a small amount of alloying elements, is used together with 6000 series and various kinds of aluminum alloy such as 3000 series and 5000 series. It is possible to reuse 100% as a raw material for melting drawn materials.

However, the Al alloy material scraps generated from each of the above applications are
There are many scraps whose history is unknown, except for scraps whose history (type of alloy material) is clear. Moreover, the Al alloy material scraps are
In many cases, it is a mixed waste containing various Al alloy materials, including alloy wrought materials.

As described above, scraps whose history is unknown and mixed scraps cannot be reused as they are as a melting raw material for an Al alloy wrought material. In particular, if the Al alloy cast material scraps and the like remain mixed, the Al alloy wrought material scraps in the mixed scraps cannot be reused as a melting raw material for the Al alloy wrought material.
This depends on the mixed amount of Al alloy cast material waste in the mixed waste, but since the Si content of the Al alloy cast material waste is very high at 4.0 to 18%, the molten metal is diluted by the molten raw material of Al ingot. This is because it is difficult to keep the components of the molten metal within the Si standard amount of the wrought Al alloy material.

Therefore, in particular, including Al alloy casting scraps
In order to reuse Al alloy mixed waste as an Al alloy melting raw material for wrought material, it is essential to separate and remove Al alloy cast material waste from mixed waste as much as possible, and to leave only Al alloy wrought material waste. Become. Further, even if the wrought materials are mixed with each other, it is necessary to select each of the wrought material scraps according to the alloy type when used as a melting raw material for the wrought material.

In this way, when reusing as a standard Al alloy melting raw material for the original wrought material, it is necessary to select from each type of alloy material from scraps mixed with various Al alloy materials including casting materials. If it is possible, it becomes possible to recycle in the original meaning.

[0010] When sorting from mixed scraps of various Al alloy materials whose history is unknown according to the type of alloy material, it is first necessary to determine the kind of alloy material of each scrap.

As this type of metal component composition (elemental component) analyzer, generally, a non-contact type is used, for example, an arc emission analyzer, a laser emission analyzer, a color difference analyzer, or a contact type. Is an X-ray fluorescence analyzer,
Are widely used.

[0012]

However, in many cases, a coating film is applied to the surface of the Al alloy material scraps used for the vehicle bodies of transportation machines such as automobiles and general structural parts. Also,
The surface may be contaminated or a thick oxide film may have formed.

When such a coating film, an oxide film, or a stain is present on the surface of the Al alloy material scraps, in particular, in the above-mentioned non-contact type analyzer, a single composition having a single composition is left as it is.
There is a problem that it is not possible to analyze accurately regardless of Al alloy material waste or mixed waste. This can be said also in the measurement of the Si content, which can be the index of the alloy type discrimination of the Al alloy cast material and the like.

Further, even in the above-mentioned contact type analyzer,
By directly contacting the analyzer with the surface of the Al alloy material scraps in the presence of such a coating film, oxide film, dirt, etc., the Si content in each of the mixed scraps can be determined. It was completely unknown whether or not the alloy type could be measured at a level where it could be discriminated. For example, even in the case of a contact type analyzer, it is common sense that the coating film, oxide film, or stain on the surface of the Al alloy material, which is a disturbance of these measurements, is usually removed and measured as much as possible.

Even if the non-contact type or contact type analyzer can analyze the components by removing the coating film, the oxide film, the dirt, etc. on the surface of the Al alloy material scrap. The pretreatment work for this analysis becomes very complicated in the field of Al alloy material scrap sorting.

In particular, in the field of Al alloy material waste sorting, the shape of the Al alloy material mixed waste may be the shape of the vehicle body component or the structural component as it is, and may also be the shape of fine crushed pieces obtained by crushing these. . Such analysis of a large number of Al alloy material mixed scraps having various shapes requires a great deal of cost by itself with an ordinary analyzer installed in a room. Moreover,
When the pretreatment work for the analysis is added, whether it is a non-contact type or a contact type, in a normal analyzer, including sampling and arrangement of samples from individual Al alloy material scraps, The analysis work itself is very complicated and costly.

The complexity involved in determining the type of alloy material such as Al alloy waste and mixed waste is in the recycling system that requires low-priced Al alloy waste. It is fatal in terms of cost competitiveness with barrels. Therefore, from Al alloy scrap and mixed scrap
The significance itself of selecting an Al alloy wrought material as a melting raw material for the Al alloy wrought material is lost.

Therefore, at present, Al alloy material scraps, especially
Al alloy mixed scraps, such as Al alloy casting scraps mixed,
Most of these Al alloy scraps and mixed scraps do not need to be distinguished or sorted because there is no practical and economical method to distinguish alloy wrought scraps. Actually, it is used as a raw material.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a situation, and an object thereof is to make Al alloy wrought material scrap mixed with Al alloy material waste and mixed waste into a standard Al for wrought material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for sorting Al alloy scrap, which is indispensable for reuse as an alloy melting raw material, and which can practically and economically separate Al alloy scrap.

[0020]

In order to achieve this object, a method for sorting aluminum alloy material scrap according to the present invention is claimed.
The gist of is that when sorting aluminum alloy scraps, using a portable arc emission spectrometer, the Si content in the aluminum alloy scraps is measured, and the measured Si content is used as an index. It is to sort out the waste after determining the type.

In the present invention, a portable arc emission spectrometer is used to select and measure the Si content (or further the Mg content) in the scraps and use it as an index for determining the alloy material type of the scraps.

In the present invention, it is possible to carry and move freely by only the human hand or only the operator.
A compact and lightweight portable arc emission spectrometer is used. Thereby, regardless of the form and mixed state, shape and size of the Al alloy scrap, at the place where the Al alloy scrap is placed or sorted, or brought to the place, efficiently determine,
Furthermore, it can be selected. On the other hand, this is not convenient for general large arc emission analyzers that are installed in an analysis room and can be transported or moved only by using machines or tools, or by disassembling a large number of people or devices. There is no.

Further, when the portable arc emission spectrometer is used, the pretreatment work for the above-mentioned conventional analysis for removing the coating film, oxide film or dirt on the scrap surface is unnecessary. It was also found that Therefore, the aluminum alloy scrap can be directly analyzed without the pretreatment work for analysis which is usually required.

Further, as an index for discriminating the type of scrap alloy material,
By selecting the alloying element of Si or Mg, even if the above-mentioned coating film, oxide film or dirt on the scrap surface is present,
It was also found that, unlike other alloy elements other than Si and Mg, which can usually be used as a discrimination index, the content can be measured with an accuracy equivalent to wet analysis.

Therefore, as described in claim 3, the present invention is applied to the case where the aluminum alloy material waste is a mixed waste of various aluminum alloy materials, in which discrimination of the alloy material type of the waste is more complicated and difficult. Preferably. When selecting this mixed waste for each alloy material type, using the portable arc emission spectrometer, measuring the Si content in each mixed waste, the measured Si content as an index, mixed In addition, it is possible to efficiently select the mixed waste after determining the type of the alloy material of each waste.

Further, in the present invention, as described in claim 2, it is preferable that, in addition to the Si content, the Mg content is also measured by using the portable arc emission spectrometer. Using these measured Si content and Mg content as an index, the alloy material types of scraps and mixed scraps with similar component composition,
It can be more easily and accurately determined.

Further, according to the present invention, as described in claim 4, recycling in the original meaning described above is possible.
It is preferably applied to aluminum alloy material mixed waste including aluminum alloy cast scrap and aluminum alloy wrought scrap.

[0028]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a discriminating method of the present invention using a portable arc emission spectrometer.

In FIG. 1, 1a, 1b and 1c are Al alloy scraps to be sorted which are to be discriminated. On the other hand, 2 is a portable arc emission spectrometer, and a specific example is a trade name portable checker (model PORT-500II) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
This portable arc emission spectrometer 2 is provided with a detector 3 provided at the tip of the body 4, a grip 6 provided at the bottom of the body 4, a switch 8 provided at the grip 6, and a detector 3. The argon supply means 9 of FIG. Further, it has a cable section 7 connected from the main body section 4 to the calculation or arithmetic unit (not shown) and a power source via the grip section 6.

Here, although not shown, the detection unit 3 contains, for example, a tungsten electrode in an argon atmosphere, a spectroscope having a photomultiplier light receiving element, and the like. Further, the main body section 4 contains a main spectroscope having a photodiode array light receiving element and a power source for the spark discharger. Then, the spectroscope of the detection unit 3 and the main spectroscope of the main body unit 4 are connected by an optical fiber.

In FIG. 1, among the Al alloy scraps to be discriminated,
It shows a mode in which the Al alloy scrap 1a is first selected and discriminated.
In Fig. 1, there is a coating film, an oxide film, and dirt on the surface of the Al alloy scrap 1a, in other words, directly without any pretreatment such as polishing or etching, and the detection part of the portable arc emission spectrometer 2 is directly used. An arc discharge (arc light) 5 is generated by directing 3 toward the surface of the Al alloy scrap 1a.

Then, by splitting the arc light 5 by the spectroscope of the detection part 3 and the main spectroscope of the main body part 4, only the Si content in the Al alloy scrap 1a, or the Si content and the Mg content only. Was measured, using the measured Si content and Mg content as an index,
After discriminating the alloy material type of the Al alloy scrap 1a, the Al alloy scrap 1a is sorted. After the analysis and determination of the Al alloy scrap 1a, the portable arc emission analysis device 2 is moved to the next sorting target Al alloy scrap 1b and 1c, and the analysis and determination are sequentially performed. The principle and mechanism of the analysis of the Si and Mg contents of these portable arc emission spectrometers are basically the same as those of ordinary arc emission analyzers.

The calculation or arithmetic unit connected to the main body 4 of the portable arc emission spectrometer 2 has a program or software for discriminating the amount of alloying elements in advance. For example, basically, it is easy to use if it is possible to directly display the Si and Mg contents of the measurement waste. Also, some criteria
(Al alloy standard) The Si and Mg contents of the sample are measured in advance, and based on the measured Si and Mg contents, the Al alloy standard (Al alloy standard)
A function of discriminating the type of alloy material) may be provided in advance.

The portable arc emission spectrometer used in the present invention is exemplified in FIG. 1 as long as it can measure the respective contents of Si and Mg in scraps with the same accuracy as in the wet analysis method described later. Other than that, a commercially available portable analyzer can be appropriately used.

FIG. 2 shows the result of measuring the Si content of each scrap of the 5182 and 6061 Al alloy wrought scraps mixed with various Al alloy casting scraps such as AC4C, AC4A and ADC12 by the method of the present invention. Indicates.

The measuring method was carried out by using the portable arc emission spectrometer shown in FIG. 1 and the measuring mode in a state where a coating film, an oxide film, etc. were present on the surface of each scrap (a state without pretreatment). There is. Further, FIG. 2 shows the results obtained by correlating the Si content measured by the method of the present invention with the vertical axis and the Si content measured by wet analysis of each of the scraps as the horizontal axis for comparison.

As is clear from FIG. 2, according to the method of the present invention, the Si content is the same as the Si content measured by the wet analysis, even in the state where a coating film, an oxide film, stains, etc. are present on each scrap surface. The contents are in good agreement regardless of the size. As a result, according to the method of the present invention, depending on the Si content, not only the distinction between the Al alloy wrought material and the Al alloy cast material, but also the Al alloy wrought material, the discrimination between the Al alloy cast material castings, and the alloy It turns out that the species itself can be identified (determined).

Further, Table 1 shows the contents of Mg, Fe, Cu, Ni and Zn other than the Si content in the 5182 and 6061 Al alloy plate scraps and the Al alloy casting scraps such as AC4A and ADC12. The results measured by the method of the present invention and the wet analysis are shown together with the Si content.

As is clear from Table 1, in addition to the Si content, the Mg and Ni contents were measured by wet analysis, and
The contents are in good agreement regardless of the size. Therefore, from the viewpoint of measurement accuracy, it can be seen that the contents of Mg and Ni can be applied to the determination of alloy type. However, Ni does not have a large quantitative difference between wrought alloys and cast alloys, and cannot be applied to distinguish alloys.

On the other hand, the Mg content has a large quantitative difference between the wrought alloy alloy species and the cast alloy alloy species, and can be applied to discrimination of alloy species similarly to the Si content. However, when considering the mixing of casting material scraps, it is the Si content that has a larger quantitative difference between the wrought material alloy species and between the cast material alloy species.
Therefore, in the present invention, the Si content is preferentially applied to the determination of the alloy type, and when the types of mixed scraps are wide-ranging, the same alloy system, etc., more detailed, with high accuracy. When it is necessary to determine the alloy type, the Si content and the Mg content are used together and used for the determination.

On the other hand, as is clear from Table 1, Fe, Cu, Zn
Regardless of the size of the content, the content does not match or approximate to the result measured by the wet analysis, and the tendency of the measured value such as a larger amount or a smaller amount does not match. Therefore, it cannot be applied to the determination of alloy type from the viewpoint of measurement accuracy.

The reason why the accuracy of measuring the contents of each of Fe, Cu and Zn in the scrap by the portable arc emission spectrometer is not good is that the coating film, oxide film and dirt on the scrap surface have a great influence. It is thought that it is doing. That is, when measuring the element content by a portable arc emission spectrometer,
The content of Si and Mg is less affected by the state of the scrap surface,
Elements other than Mg have a great influence on the state of the scrap surface. Therefore, it can be seen that the content of elements other than Si and Mg cannot be accurately measured without the pretreatment of the scrap surface, which is basically unnecessary in the present invention.

From these results, it is clear that the Si content and the Mg content have a distinctive significance which is not found in other alloy elements. Further, it is clear that the selection of the Si content and the Mg content as the indexes for determining the alloy type is peculiar to the present invention.

[0044]

[Table 1]

The form of the Al alloy waste to be measured is
Any shape or size such as a lump or a crushed piece may be used as long as the detection portion of the portable arc emission spectrometer can be directed toward the waste surface for analysis. Further, the mixed state of the Al alloy scraps does not matter whether the scraps are joined or dispersed with each other, such as when the Al alloy scraps whose history is unknown are alone or mixed.

In other words, by using a compact, lightweight, portable arc emission spectrometer which can be freely transported and moved manually, it is possible to determine the shape, mixed state, shape and size of these Al alloy scraps. In spite of this, the present invention has an advantage that efficient discrimination and further sorting can be performed at a place where Al alloy scraps are placed or sorted.

The method of sorting the discriminated Al alloy scraps is as follows:
General-purpose human or mechanical selection means are appropriately selected. Then, the sorting of Al alloy scrap is also roughly divided into casting material and wrought material, further divided by alloy type of casting material and wrought material, for example, a method of putting together with an alloy system such as 6000 series is melted. It is appropriately selected according to the form such as the alloy system used as the raw material.

Further, by setting the arc emission analyzer so as to be able to distinguish foreign materials such as steel scraps and other non-ferrous metal scraps for Al alloy scraps, even if these dissimilar materials are mixed in the scraps, Si This can also be discriminated by using the Mg content or the Mg content as an index.

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned effects, as an Al alloy wrought material, 1000 series, 2000 series, 3000 series, 5000 series, 6000 series
It can be applied to the discrimination and separation / sorting of various Al alloy wrought product scraps such as 7000 series and 7000 series and scraps mixed with these wrought product scraps. Also, as Al alloy cast material scraps, AC1A to AC3A, AC3A to AC9
B, ADC1 to ADC14, and other various Al alloy cast material scraps, and the scraps mixed with these cast material scraps or mixed with the Al alloy wrought product scraps can be applied to discrimination and separation / sorting.

[0050]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, an Al alloy which is indispensable for reusing Al alloy wrought material mixed with Al alloy material and mixed material as a standard Al alloy melting raw material for wrought material It is possible to provide a method for sorting Al alloy scrap that can separate scraps realistically and economically. Therefore, it has an industrial value in that it can promote the recycling of the wrought Al alloy material and thus can be used for a wider range of transportation equipment such as automobiles, vehicles, and ships.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention using a portable arc emission spectrometer.

[Fig. 2] Using a portable arc emission spectrometer,
It is explanatory drawing which shows the result of having measured Si content.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Al alloy scrap, 2: Portable arc emission spectrometer, 3: Detection part, 4: Main body part, 5: Arc, 6: Gripping part, 7: Cable part,
8: switch,

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 2G043 AA01 BA01 BA02 BA03 BA07                       CA05 EA09 FA05 HA05 JA01                       LA02 LA03                 4K001 AA02 BA22 CA02

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. When selecting aluminum alloy material scraps, a portable arc emission spectrometer is used to measure the Si content in the aluminum alloy material scraps, and the measured Si content is used as an index to form an alloy of the scraps. A method for sorting aluminum alloy scrap, which comprises sorting the scrap after determining the type of material. 2. In addition to the Si content, the Mg content is also measured by directly contacting the scrap surface with the portable arc emission spectrometer, and the measured Si content and Mg content are measured. The method for sorting aluminum alloy material scraps according to claim 1, wherein an alloy material type of scraps is determined as an index. 3. The method for sorting aluminum alloy material scraps according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy material scraps are mixed scraps of various aluminum alloy materials. 4. The method for sorting aluminum alloy material scraps according to claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy material mixed wastes include aluminum alloy cast material wastes and aluminum alloy wrought material wastes.