JP2003249122A - Molecular electric wire, molecular electric wire circuit, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a molecular electric wire that is formed of an environmentally benign ecological material and enables a microscopic wiring, a molecular electric wire circuit using the molecular electric wire and an effective method for manufacturing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The molecular electric wire is formed of an electroconductive material carried by a rod-shaped organic molecule. A molecular electric wire circuit uses the molecular electric wire. Further, in the method for manufacturing the molecular electric wire, a pattern is first formed on a substrate by way of lithographic method, and then rod-shaped organic molecules each having a bonding site that can be bonded to the pattern and carrying the electroconductive material are bonded to the pattern at a bonding sites. Thus, the circuit comprising the electroconductive material is formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a molecular electric wire which is made of an eco-friendly eco material and enables micro wiring.
Also, the present invention relates to a molecular electric wire circuit using the same and an efficient manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, information technology, biotechnology,
Nanotechnology has attracted a great deal of attention as a key to solving many fields such as medical care, energy problems, and environmental problems. If an electric circuit that makes full use of nanotechnology can be designed, it does not require a space or the like as in the past, so it is also possible to design a display such as paper. A molecular electric wire that enables micro wiring is required for such displays, but it is formed of an eco-friendly eco-material and is practically used as a molecular electric wire that enables micro wiring and an electric circuit using the same. The current situation is that the target ones have not been provided yet.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention meets the above-mentioned various demands of the prior art, and is a molecular electric wire formed of an eco-friendly eco material and capable of micro wiring, and a molecular electric wire using the molecular electric wire. An object is to provide an electric wire circuit and an efficient manufacturing method thereof.

[0004]

Means for solving the above problems relating to the molecular electric wire of the present invention and the molecular electric wire circuit using the molecular electric wire are as follows. That is, <1> A molecular electric wire comprising a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance. <2> The molecular electric wire according to <1>, wherein the conductive substance is carried on at least one of the inside, the end and the peripheral side surface of the rod-shaped organic molecule. <3> An amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end is arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lengthwise direction and the lipophilic portion ends are located on the same side. It is characterized in that two rod-shaped organic molecule rows formed by arranging a plurality of them are arranged such that either ends of the lipophilic part or ends of the hydrophilic part are in contact with each other with a conductive substance interposed therebetween. It is a molecular electric wire. <4> A molecular electric wire, wherein one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance are brought into contact with each other. <5> The rod-shaped organic molecule is amphipathic having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end, and one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and the other end of the other rod-shaped organic molecule are both hydrophilic or lipophilic. The molecular electric wire according to <4>, which is the end. <6> The molecular electric wire according to <4> or <5>, wherein a conductive substance is interposed between one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule. <7> Among amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecules having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end, one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule are brought into contact with each other. It is a characteristic molecular electric wire. <8> A rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, and the capture target bound to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule are specifically captured. And a trapping structure for producing a molecular electric wire. <9> A rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, and a capture target bound to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule are specifically captured. A plurality of unit conductive molecules having a capturing structure for capturing, a target to be captured in one unit conductive molecule is captured in a capturing structure in another unit conductive molecule, It is a molecular electric wire. <10> The molecular electric wire according to <8> or <9>, wherein the capture target is a conductive substance. <11> The above-mentioned <1> in which the rod-shaped organic molecule is a helical molecule.
> To <10>. <12> The molecular wire according to <11>, wherein the helical molecule is selected from α-helix, DNA and amylose. <13> From <1> above, wherein the conductive substance is at least one selected from a metal atom, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide, a carbon compound, an ionic compound and a halogen atom.
12> The molecular electric wire according to any one of 12>. <14> The conductive substance is a dopant used for doping an aromatic π-conjugated polymer, <1> to <1>
The molecular electric wire according to any one of 2>. <15> A molecular electric wire circuit using the molecular electric wire according to any one of <1> to <14>.

The molecular electric wire described in the above item <1> comprises a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance. Therefore, when the electrodes are brought into contact with both ends of the molecular electric wire to be energized, a current flows through the molecular electric wire. In the molecular electric wire according to <2> above, in <1> above, a conductive substance is carried on at least one of the inside, the end portion, and the peripheral side portion of the rod-shaped organic molecule. Therefore, when an electrode is brought into contact with both ends of the molecular electric wire to energize it, an electric current efficiently flows through the molecular electric wire.

In the molecular electric wire according to <3>, an amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end is provided in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the lipophilic portion. Two rod-shaped organic molecule rows formed by arranging a plurality of them so that their ends are located on the same side contact each other with either the lipophilic part ends or the hydrophilic part ends with a conductive substance interposed. It is placed close to each other. Therefore, the array (arrangement) of conductive substances sandwiched by the amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecules functions as an electric wire, and a current flows along the array (arrangement) of the conductive substances. The molecular electric wire according to <4> is configured such that one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance are brought into contact with each other. Therefore, the molecular electric wires are in contact with each other so as to be able to conduct electricity, and the molecular electric wires can be extended.

The molecular electric wire according to the above <5> is the molecular electric wire according to the above <4.
>, The rod-shaped organic molecule is amphipathic having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end, and one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule are both hydrophilic portion ends (hydrophobic portion). End) or the lipophilic part end. For this reason, the molecular electric wire is easily extended by bringing the hydrophilic portions of the rod-shaped organic molecules and the lipophilic portions of the molecular electric wire into contact with each other. In the molecular electric wire according to <6>, in <4> or <5>, a conductive substance is interposed between one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule. Therefore, the molecular electric wires do not generate a large electric resistance at their abutting interfaces, and the electric conductivity is good.

The molecular electric wire according to <7> is one amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecule having a hydrophilic end and a lipophilic end, and one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule and another rod-shaped organic molecule. Abutting one end of. Therefore, the molecular electric wires are in contact with each other so as to be able to conduct electricity, and the molecular electric wires can be extended. The molecular electric wire according to <8> above,
A rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, and a capture structure specifically capturing the capture target bound to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule Having a body. Therefore, the capture structure in one molecular electric wire captures the capture target in another molecular electric wire, so that the molecular electric wire can be energized and easily extended.

The molecular electric wire according to <9> above has a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, and the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule. And a capture structure for specifically capturing the capture target, wherein the capture target in one unit conductive molecule is a capture structure in another unit conductive molecule. Trapped in the body. Therefore, in the molecular electric wire, the binding force between the unit conductive molecules is sufficient, so that disconnection or the like does not occur and the connection is easy, and arbitrary wiring is possible. In the molecular electric wire according to <10> above, in <8> or <9>, the capture target is a conductive substance. Therefore, a large electric resistance does not occur at the interface between the molecular electric wires and the interface between the unit conductive molecules, and the electrical conductivity is good.

The molecular electric wire according to the above <11> is the molecular electric wire according to the above <
In 1> to <10>, the rod-shaped organic molecule is a helical molecule. For this reason, an electric current flows along the helical molecule, so that it can be suitably used as wiring in an electric circuit. The molecular electric wire according to <12> above,
The helical molecule is alpha-helix, DN
A and amylose. Therefore, micro wiring is possible, and safety and handleability are excellent.

The molecular electric wire according to <13> above is
1> to <12>, the conductive substance is at least one selected from a metal atom, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide, a carbon compound, an ionic compound and a halogen atom. Therefore, it has excellent conductivity. In the molecular electric wire according to <14>, in <1> to <12>, the conductive substance is a dopant used for doping an aromatic π-conjugated polymer. When these dopants are doped, for example, positive charges are delocalized in the π-conjugated system,
When a voltage is applied, the charge moves and a current flows.

The electric circuit according to <15> above,
A molecular electric wire circuit characterized by using the molecular electric wire according to any one of 1> to <14>. The molecular electric wire circuit does not require a large space, and when applied to a display or the like, a display such as paper can be manufactured.

The means for solving the above-mentioned problems relating to the method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention are as follows. That is, <16> After a pattern is formed on a base material by lithography using a resist, the binding site in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is formed. A method of manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit, which is characterized by forming a circuit by the conductive molecules by being bonded to the pattern. <17> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to <16>, wherein the pattern is formed of any material of a base material and a resist. <18> The molecule according to <16> or <17>, wherein the base material is conductive and the resist is insulative, and the base material is insulative and the resist is conductive. It is a method of manufacturing an electric wire circuit. <19> The resist according to any one of <16> to <18>, wherein the resist is at least one selected from a negative resist and a positive resist, and the lithography is performed by at least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure. It is a method of manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit. <20> The substrate is insulative, the resist is at least one selected from dielectric methanofullerene, chromium, ITO, and a conductive polymer, and the lithography is performed by electron beam irradiation. <16> to <19>> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of the above items. <21> After forming a pattern on a substrate using a beam, the binding site in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is bound to the pattern A method of manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit is characterized by forming a circuit by the conductive molecule. <22> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to <21>, wherein the beam is selected from a laser beam, a plasma jet beam, an ion beam, an electron beam, and a cluster ion beam. <23> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to <21> or <22>, wherein the base material has a volume resistance value of 1 × 10 ⁰ Ω · cm or more. <24> After a layer of rod-shaped organic molecules supporting a conductive substance is formed on a substrate, a portion of the layer other than the pattern-forming portion is removed by etching to remove the conductive molecules. A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises forming a circuit. <25> After forming a pattern of a capture target that can be captured by the capture structure on the substrate, the capture target has a capture structure capable of capturing the capture target and a conductive substance. The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit is characterized in that a circuit formed by the conductive molecules is formed by capturing the capturing structure in the rod-shaped organic molecules carried. <26> After forming a pattern by an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive substrate, the binding site in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises forming a circuit by the conductive molecule by developing the electrostatic latent image by being combined with a pattern. <27> After a hydrophilic or hydrophobic pattern is formed on a substrate, amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecules carrying a conductive substance are bonded to the pattern to form a circuit by the conductive molecule. And a method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit. <28> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to <27>, wherein the substrate is a hydrophilic substrate and the circuit pattern is hydrophobic. <29> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to <27>, wherein the substrate is a hydrophobic substrate and the circuit pattern is hydrophilic. <30> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of <16> to <29>, in which a plurality of rod-shaped organic molecules are arranged in parallel so as to face each other via a pattern. <31> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of <16> to <26>, in which a plurality of rod-shaped organic molecules are arranged in series along a pattern. <32> Any one of the above <16> to <19>, wherein the resist is a negative type resist and the lithography is performed by at least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure to a portion of the resist other than a portion where a pattern is formed. The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit described in 1. <33> The resist according to any one of <16> to <19>, wherein the resist is a positive type resist, and the lithography is performed by at least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure to a pattern forming portion of the resist. It is a method of manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit. <34> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of <16> to <26>, wherein the binding site is at least one kind selected from a group having a hetero atom, a halogen atom and a group capable of forming a complex. Is. <35> The molecular electric wire according to <34>, wherein the group having a hetero atom is a thiol group, an amino group, a phosphoric acid group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, and the halogen atom is fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. It is a method of manufacturing a circuit. <36> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of <16> to <25>, wherein the pattern is formed of at least one selected from gold, silver, platinum, silicon and titanium oxide. <37> A cluster ion beam heats and vaporizes a solid substance at room temperature and ejects it from a nozzle to generate clusters. A cluster ion beam heats a gaseous substance at room temperature and ejects it from a nozzle. The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to the above <22>, wherein the method is selected from gas cluster ion beams that generate clusters. <38> The above <16> to <20, wherein the base material is formed of at least one selected from resins and ceramics.
> The method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit according to any one of the above items.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.

[Molecular electric wire] As the embodiment of the molecular electric wire of the present invention, the following first to fourth embodiments are preferable.

The first aspect is a molecular electric wire comprising a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance.

In the second aspect, an amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end is provided in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lengthwise direction, and the lipophilic portion ends are adjacent to each other. Two rod-shaped organic molecule rows formed side by side so as to be located on the same side are brought into contact with each other at their lipophilic part ends or hydrophilic part ends with a conductive substance interposed. It is the arranged molecular electric wire.

As the third aspect, a molecular electric wire in which one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance and one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance are brought into contact with each other. Is. In other words, in the first aspect, one end of one molecular electric wire is in contact with one end of another molecular electric wire. By branching this contact portion, branched wiring is possible.

In the fourth aspect, a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, an object to be captured bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, and a rod-shaped organic molecule bound to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule It has a plurality of unit conductive molecules having a capture structure that specifically captures a capture target, and a capture target in one unit conductive molecule is captured in a capture structure in another unit conductive molecule. It is a molecular electric wire.

<Rod-Shaped Organic Molecules> Examples of the rod-shaped organic molecules include biopolymers and polysaccharides. Examples of the biopolymer include conductive fibrous protein and α
-Helix polypeptides, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
And the like. Examples of the conductive fibrous protein include α-keratin, myosin, epidermin,
Examples thereof include those having an α-helix structure such as fibrinogen, tropomycin, silk fibroin and the like. Suitable examples of the polysaccharides include amylose and the like.

Among the rod-shaped organic molecules, the rod-shaped organic molecule can be stably maintained, and other substances are intercalated in the inside according to the purpose (synonymous with “supported inside”).
The same applies hereinafter. It is preferable that the helical organic molecule has a helical structure, and among the above-mentioned helical organic molecules, α-helix polypeptide, DNA, amylose and the like are preferable. .

[Α-Helix Polypeptide] The α
-A helix polypeptide is one of the secondary structures of a polypeptide and has one turn (1 turn for every 3.6 amino acid residues).
Form a helix) and form a hydrogen bond between the imide group (-NH-) and the carbonyl group (-CO-) of every 4th amino acid, which is almost parallel to the helical axis, and repeats with 7 amino acids as one unit. Has an energy-stable structure.

The helical direction of the α-helix polypeptide is not particularly limited and may be right-handed or left-handed. From the viewpoint of stability, only the right-handed helical direction exists in nature.

The amino acid forming the α-helix polypeptide is not particularly limited as long as it can form an α-helix structure, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Those that are easy to form are preferable, and examples of such amino acids include aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), histidine (His), asparagine (Asn), glutamine (G).
In, serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), alanine (Ala), valine (Val), leucine (Le)
u), isoleucine (Ile), cysteine (Cy
s), methionine (Met), tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp)
And the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The affinity of the α-helix polypeptide can be changed to hydrophilic, hydrophobic or amphipathic by appropriately selecting the amino acid. As an amino acid, serine (S
er), threonine (Thr), aspartic acid (As
p), glutamic acid (Glu), arginine (Ar
g), lysine (Lys), asparagine (Asn), glutamine (Gln) and the like are preferable, and when the above-mentioned hydrophobicity is given, the amino acids include phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp), isoleucine (Ile). , Tyrosine (Tyr), methionine (Me
t), leucine (Leu), valine (Val) and the like.

In the α-helix polypeptide, the carboxyl group which does not form a peptide bond in the amino acid forming the α-helix can be made hydrophobic by esterification. The esterified carboxyl group can be rendered hydrophilic by hydrolyzing it.

The amino acids include L-amino acids and D
-It may be any of amino acids and derivatives thereof whose side chain portions are modified.

The number of amino acids bound (degree of polymerization) in the α-helix polypeptide is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
It is preferably 5000. Number of bonds (degree of polymerization)
However, if it is less than 10, the polyamino acid may not be able to form a stable α-helix, and if it exceeds 5000, it may be difficult to perform vertical alignment.

Specific examples of the α-helix polypeptide include poly (γ-methyl-L-glutamate), poly (γ-ethyl-L-glutamate) and poly (γ-benzyl-L-glutamate). , Poly (L-glutamate-γ-benzyl), poly (n-hexyl-L-
Glutamate) and other polyglutamic acid derivatives, poly (β
-Benzyl-L-aspartate) and other polyaspartic acid derivatives, poly (L-leucine), poly (L-alanine), poly (L-methionine), poly (L-phenylalanine), poly (L-lysine)- Poly (γ-methyl-L
-Glutamate) and the like.

The α-helix polypeptide may be commercially available or may be appropriately synthesized or prepared according to the method described in publicly known documents.

As an example of the synthesis of the α-helix polypeptide, a block copolypeptide [poly (L-lysine) ₂₅ -poly (γ-methyl-L-glutamate) is used.
₆₀ ] The synthesis of PLLZ ₂₅ -PMLG ₆₀ is shown here: That is, the block copolypeptide [poly (L-lysine) ₂₅ -poly (γ-methyl-L-glutamate) ₆₀ ] PLZ ₂₅ -PMLG ₆₀ uses n-hexylamine as an initiator as shown in the following formula. , N ^ε -carbobenzoxy L-lysine N ^α -carboxyanhydride (LLZ-NCA) is polymerized, and then γ-methyl L-glutamate N-carboxyanhydride (MLG-NCA) is polymerized. It can be synthesized by

[0032]

[Chemical 1]

The synthesis of the α-helix polypeptide is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and it can be synthesized by a genetic engineering method. Specifically, it can be produced by transforming a host cell with an expression vector into which a DNA encoding the desired polypeptide is incorporated, and culturing the transformant. Examples of the expression vector include a plasmid vector, a phage vector, a chimera vector of a plasmid and a phage, and the like. Examples of the host cells include prokaryotic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeast, and animal cells.

The α-helix polypeptide is prepared by cutting out the α-helix structure portion from a natural conductive fibrous protein such as α-keratin, myosin, epidermin, fibrinogen, tropomycin, silk fibroin. May be.

[DNA] Although the DNA may be a single-stranded DNA, it is a double-stranded DNA because it can stably maintain a rod shape and can intercalate other substances inside. Preferably. The double-stranded DNA has a double-helix structure formed by arranging two right-handed helical helical strands extending in opposite directions around one central axis. The polynucleotide chain is formed of four kinds of nucleobases of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C), and the nucleobase in the polynucleotide chain is:
They exist so as to protrude inward from each other in a plane perpendicular to the central axis, and form so-called Watson-Crick base pairs.Thymine is specific for adenine and cytosine is specific for guanine. Are hydrogen-bonded together. As a result, in the double-stranded DNA, the two polypeptide chains are complementarily bound to each other.

The above-mentioned DNA is a known PCR (Polym).
erase Chain Reaction) method, LC
R (Ligase chain Reaction)
Method, 3SR (Self-sustained Sequ)
ence Replication) method, SDA (St
rand Displacement Amplifi
Cation) method or the like, but among these, the PCR method is preferable.

The DNA may be prepared by enzymatically directly cutting out a natural gene with a restriction enzyme, prepared by a gene cloning method, or prepared by a chemical synthesis method.

In the case of the gene cloning method, for example, a product obtained by amplifying a normal nucleic acid is incorporated into a vector selected from a plasmid vector, a phage vector, a chimera vector of a plasmid and a phage, and a prokaryotic microorganism such as Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis. A large amount of the DNA can be prepared by introducing it into any proliferative host selected from eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeast and animal cells. Examples of the chemical synthesis method include a liquid phase method such as a triester method and a phosphorous acid method, or a solid phase synthesis method using an insoluble carrier. In the case of the chemical synthesis method, a double-stranded DNA is prepared by preparing a large amount of single-stranded DNA using a known automatic synthesizer and then performing annealing.
Can be prepared.

[Amylose] The amylose is a polysaccharide having a helical structure in which D-glucose constituting starch, which is a homopolysaccharide for storage of higher plants, is linearly linked by α-1,4 bonds. . The amylose has a number average molecular weight of preferably several thousand to 150,000. The amylose may be commercially available or may be appropriately prepared according to a known method. The amylose may partially contain amylopectin.

The length of the rod-shaped organic molecule is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

The diameter of the rod-shaped organic molecule is not particularly limited, but in the case of the α-helix polypeptide, it is about 0.8 to 2.0 nm.

All of the rod-shaped organic molecules may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, or a part of them may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, and the other part may have the opposite affinity to the part. It may be amphipathic as shown. It is preferable that the rod-shaped organic molecule is the amphipathic one in that an emulsion is obtained by dispersing the rod-shaped organic molecule in the oil phase or the water phase, and film formation is easy.

An example of the amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is
It has a hydrophobic portion 1a on one end side and a hydrophilic portion 1b on the other end side.

<Conductive Material> The rod-shaped organic molecules carry the conductive material. Therefore, the rod-shaped organic molecule has good conductivity and excellent electrical conductivity.

The conductive substance is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include metal atoms, metal hydroxides, metal oxides, metal sulfides, carbon compounds and ionic compounds. , Halogen atoms and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The metal atom is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include platinum, gold, silver, copper, chromium, iron, nickel, cobalt, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, tin and indium. The metal oxide is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, oxides of the metal atom, and zinc white, titanium oxide, red iron oxide,
Preferable examples include chromium oxide, iron black, complex oxides, titanium yellow, cobalt blue, cerulean blue, cobalt green, and tin oxide / indium (ITO).
The metal hydroxide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydroxides of the above metal atoms, such as alumina white, yellow iron oxide, and pyridian.
The metal sulfide is not particularly limited, for example,
Examples thereof include sulfides of the above metal atoms, and examples thereof include cadmium yellow, cadmium red, vermilion, and lithbon.

The carbon compound is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanoclusters, and fullerenes.

The ionic compound is not particularly limited, but chromic acid, sulfate, carbonate, silicate, phosphate,
Arsenates, ferrocyanines, dyes and the like are preferable, and examples thereof include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ultramarine blue, angan violet, cobalt violet, emerald green, and dark blue. Among these, cationic dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, azo dyes, acridine orange, ethidium bromide and the like are preferably mentioned, and examples of the cationic dyes include basic dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, cyanine dyes and heterocyclic dyes. Can be mentioned.
Among these, acridine orange is preferable, and when acridine orange is intercalated in the rod-shaped organic molecule, irradiation with visible light turns on the light irradiation.
It is advantageous in that photocurrent can flow along the rod-shaped organic molecule in response to -OFF.

The halogen atom is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include fluorine, chlorine, iodine and bromine.

The conductive substance may also be an aromatic π.
Preferable are the dopants used for doping the conjugated polymer. By doping with these dopants, for example, the positive charges are delocalized in the π-conjugated system, so that by applying a voltage, the charges are moved and the conductivity is exhibited.

Examples of the dopant include an acceptor (electron acceptor) dopant and a donor (electron donor) dopant. Examples of the acceptor (electron acceptor) dopant include halogens (chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine iodide, chlorine iodide, bromine iodide, etc.), Lewis acids (PF ₆ , AsF ₅ , SbF ₆ , B).
F ₃ , BCl ₃ , BBr _3, etc.), a protic acid (HF,
HCl, HNO ₃ , H ₂ SO ₄ , HClO ₄ ), transition metal compounds (FeCl ₃ , TiCl ₃ , ZrCl ₄ , Nb)
Cl ₅ MoCl ₆ , WCl _{6 and the} like) are suitable. As the donor (electron donor) dopant,
For example, alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, etc.), alkaline earth metals (Ca, Sr, Ba, etc.), lanthanoids (Eu, etc.) are suitable.

The method for supporting the conductive substance on the rod-shaped organic molecule is not particularly limited and may be carried out according to a known method. For example, the rod-shaped organic molecule in a liquid containing the conductive substance. It can be performed by immersing in. The amount of the conductive substance supported on the rod-shaped organic molecules can be appropriately selected according to the application.

The "supporting" mode is preferably such that the conductive substance is supported on at least one of the inside, the end and the peripheral side surface of the rod-shaped organic molecule. A mode in which it is interposed at the contact portion between the electric wire and another molecular electric wire is also preferable. In this case, a large electric resistance is not generated at the interface between the molecular electric wires,
It is advantageous in terms of excellent electrical conductivity. The method of interposing the conductive substance between the molecular electric wires is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.

<Capture Structure and Capture Target> The capture structure is not particularly limited as long as it can capture the capture target, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.

The mode of trapping is not particularly limited, but physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and the like can be mentioned. They are,
For example, it may be formed by hydrogen bond, intermolecular force (van der Waals force), coordination bond, ionic bond, covalent bond and the like.

Specific examples of the above-mentioned capture structure include, for example, inclusion compounds (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “host”), antibodies, nucleic acids, hormone receptors, lectins, physiologically active substance receptors and the like. . Among these, in that any wiring can be easily formed,
Nucleic acid is preferable, and single-stranded DNA and RNA are more preferable.

As the target to be captured, each of the capture structures is a guest (a component to be included) in the case of the inclusion compound, an antigen in the case of the antibody, and a nucleic acid in the case of the nucleic acid. Are nucleic acids, tubulin, chitin and the like, hormones in the case of the hormone receptor, sugars and the like in the case of the lectin, and physiologically active substances in the case of the physiologically active substance receptor.

The capture structure is single-stranded DNA or RNA
When single-stranded DNA or RNA complementary to these is the target to be captured, the connection is easy and the conductive substance can be intercalated between these nucleic acids. Is preferred.

The inclusion compound is not particularly limited as long as it has a molecular recognition ability (host-guest binding ability), and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a tubular (one-dimensional) cavity can be used. Preferable ones include those having a layered (two-dimensional) cavity, those having a cage (three-dimensional) cavity, and the like.

Examples of the inclusion compound having a cylindrical (one-dimensional) cavity include urea, thiourea, deoxycholic acid, dinitrodiphenyl, dioxytriphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, methylnaphthalene, spirochroman, PHTP. (Perhydrotriphenylene), cellulose, amylose, cyclodextrin (however, in the solution, the cavity is a cage) and the like.

Examples of the target to be captured which can be captured by urea include n-paraffin derivatives and the like.
Examples of the capture target that can be captured by thiourea include branched or cyclic hydrocarbons. Examples of the capture target capable of capturing deoxycholic acid include paraffins, fatty acids, and aromatic compounds. Examples of the capture target that can be captured by dinitrodiphenyl include diphenyl derivatives.

Examples of the target to be captured by the dioxytriphenylmethane include paraffins and n-
Examples include alkenes and squalene. Examples of capture targets that can be captured by triphenylmethane include paraffins. Examples of the target to be captured by the methylnaphthalene include C ₁₆
Up to n-paraffins, branched paraffins and the like. Examples of capture targets that can be captured by spirochroman include paraffins. Examples of capture targets that can be captured by PHTP (perhydrotriphenylene) include chloroform, benzene, and various polymer substances. Examples of the capture target capable of capturing cellulose include H ₂ O, paraffins, CCl ₄ , dyes, iodine, and the like. The target to be captured by the amylose,
Examples include fatty acids and iodine.

The cyclodextrin is a cyclic dextrin produced by the decomposition of starch with amylase, and three types of α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin are known. In the present invention, as the cyclodextrin, a part of these hydroxyl groups is another functional group, for example, an alkyl group,
Also included are cyclodextrin derivatives in which an allyl group, an alkoxy group, an amide group, a sulfonic acid group or the like is changed.

Examples of the target to be captured by the cyclodextrin include thymol, eugenol, resorcin, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether,
Phenol derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, benzoic acid derivatives such as salicylic acid, methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate and the like, steroids such as cholesterol, vitamins such as ascorbic acid, retinol and tocopherol,
Hydrocarbons such as limonene, allyl isothiocyanate, sorbic acid, iodine molecule, methyl orange, congo red, 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid potassium salt (TNS) and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the layered (two-dimensional) clathrate compound include clay mineral, graphite, smectite,
Examples include montmorillonite and zeolite.

Examples of the target to be captured by the clay mineral include hydrophilic substances and polar compounds. Examples of the target to be captured by the graphite include O, HSO ₄ ⁻ , halogen, halide, and alkali metal. Examples of the target to be captured by the montmorillonite include brucine, codeine, o-phenylenediamine, benzidine,
Examples thereof include piperidine, adenine, guianine and liposide thereof. Examples of the target to be captured by the zeolite include H ₂ O and the like.

Examples of the cage-like (three-dimensional) clathrate compound include hydroquinone, gas hydrate, tri-o-thymotide, oxyflavan, dicyanoamminenickel,
Cryptand, calixarene, crown compounds and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the target to be captured by the hydroquinone include HCl, SO ₂ , acetylene, rare gas elements and the like. The target to be captured by the gas hydrate, for example, halogen, rare gas element,
Examples include lower hydrocarbons. Examples of the capture target capable of capturing the tri-o-thymotide include cyclohexane, benzene, chloroform and the like. Examples of capture targets that can be captured by the oxyflavan include organic bases. Examples of the capture target capable of capturing the dicyanoammine nickel include, for example,
Examples include benzene and phenol. Examples of the target to be captured by the cryptand include NH
⁴⁺ , various metal ions, and the like.

The calixarene is a cyclic oligomer in which a phenol unit synthesized from phenol and formaldehyde under appropriate conditions is bound with a methylene group,
4-8 nuclides are known. Among these, examples of capture targets that can be captured by pt-butylcalixarene (n = 4) include chloroform, benzene, and toluene. Examples of capture targets that can be captured by pt-butylcalixarene (n = 5) include:
Examples include isopropyl alcohol and acetone.
Examples of capture targets that can be captured by pt-butylcalixarene (n = 6) include chloroform and methanol. Examples of the target to be captured by pt-butyl calixarene (n = 7) include chloroform.

The crown compound includes not only a crown ether having oxygen as an electron-donating donor atom, but also a macrocyclic compound having a donor atom such as nitrogen or sulfur as a ring structure-constituting atom as an analog thereof. Also included are multicyclic crown compounds consisting of two or more rings representing cryptands, such as cyclohexyl-
12-crown-4, dibenzo-14-crown-4,
t-Butylbenzo-15-crown-5, dibenzo-1
8-crown-6, dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6, 18-crown-6, tribenzo-18-crown-6, tetrabenzo-24-crown-8, dibenzo-26-crown-6 and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the target to be captured by the crown compound include various metal ions such as alkali metals such as Li, Na and K, alkaline earth metals such as Mg and Ca, NH ⁴⁺ and alkyl ammonium ions, Examples thereof include guanidinium ion and aromatic diazonium ion, and the crown compound forms a complex with them. In addition to these, as capture targets that can be captured by the crown compound, C—H (acetonitrile, malonnitrile, adiponitrile, etc.) having a relatively high acidity, NH (aniline, aminobenzoic acid, amide) , Sulfamide derivatives), polar organic compounds having OH (phenol, acetic acid derivatives, etc.) units, and the crown compounds form a complex with them.

The size (diameter) of the cavity of the clathrate compound is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but it can exhibit a stable molecular recognition ability (host-guest binding ability). From the viewpoint, it is preferably 0.1 nm to 2.0 nm.

The method for connecting the capture structure and the capture target to the rod-shaped organic molecule is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected depending on the types of the capture structure, the capture target, the rod-shaped organic molecule, and the like. You can choose.

Here, regarding another example of the molecular electric wire,
Description will be made with reference to FIG. The molecular electric wire shown in FIG.
An amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule 10 having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end is provided in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lengthwise direction, and the ends of the lipophilic portion (hydrophobic portion) 10a are on the same side. The two rod-shaped organic molecule rows formed by arranging so as to be positioned are arranged such that the ends of the lipophilic parts (hydrophobic parts) 10a thereof (even the ends of the hydrophilic parts 10b) with the conductive substance 12 interposed therebetween. Good). Then, electrodes are connected (contacted) to both ends of the molecular electric wire, and the electrodes are electrically connected to a power source. Here, when the power source is turned on, the arrangement of the conductive substances 12 sandwiched by the amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecules 10 functions as an electric wire, and a current flows along the line of the conductive substances 12.

Another example of the molecular electric wire will be described with reference to FIG. The molecular electric wire shown in FIG. 2 has an end of the lipophilic part (hydrophobic part) 10a in one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 having amphiphilic part and an end of lipophilic part and another part of amphiphilic part. The end of the lipophilic part (hydrophobic part) 10a of the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is brought into contact with the end of the hydrophilic part 10b of the one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 and the end of another amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecule 10 The hydrophilic portion 10b is brought into contact with the end of the hydrophilic portion 10b and is appropriately extended. Then, electrodes are connected (contacted) to both ends of the molecular electric wire, and the electrodes are electrically connected to a power source. Here, when the power is turned on, a current flows through the molecular electric wire.

Another example of the molecular electric wire will be described with reference to FIG. The molecular electric wire shown in FIG. 3 has a capture structure in one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 in which the capture structure 2 is connected to one end and a capture target 3 that is specifically captured by the capture structure 2 is connected to the other end. 2 captures the capture target 3 in another rod-shaped organic molecule 10, and the capture target 3 in the one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is further captured by the capture structure 2 in another rod-shaped organic molecule 10, and Connected and extended. Then, electrodes are connected (contacted) to both ends of the molecular electric wire, and the electrodes are electrically connected to a power source. Here, when the power is turned on, a current flows through the molecular electric wire.

Since the molecular electric wire of the present invention is made of an eco-friendly eco-material and enables micro wiring, it can be suitably used in many fields such as information technology, biotechnology, medical care and energy. Can be particularly preferably used in the following molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention.

[Molecular Electric Wire Circuit] The molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention comprises the molecular electric wire of the present invention. The molecular electric wire circuit comprises at least the molecular electric wire, preferably the molecular electric wire is fixed to a substrate or the like, further comprising an electrode and a power source for energizing the molecular electric wire,
It has other equipment such as a condenser appropriately selected according to the purpose. The other devices are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

Since the molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention is formed of an eco-friendly eco-material and uses the molecular electric wire of the present invention which enables micro wiring, it can be used for information technology, biotechnology, medical care, energy, etc. It can be suitably used in many fields. The method for producing the molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it can be suitably produced by the method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention described below.

[Method for producing molecular electric wire circuit] As the method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention, the following first to sixth aspects are preferably mentioned.

In the first aspect, first, a pattern is formed on the base material by lithography using a resist. Next, the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is bound to the pattern. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecule.

In the second aspect, first, a pattern is formed on the substrate by using a beam. Next, the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is bound to the pattern. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecule.

In the third aspect, first, a layer of rod-shaped organic molecules carrying a conductive substance is formed on a base material. Next, the portion of the layer other than the portion for forming the pattern is removed by etching. as a result,
A circuit is formed by the conductive molecule.

In the fourth aspect, first, a pattern is formed on the base material by the capture target that can be captured by the capture structure. Next, the capture target is made to capture the capture structure in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a capture structure capable of capturing the capture target and carrying a conductive substance. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecule.

In the fifth aspect, first, an electrostatic latent image of a pattern is formed on a photosensitive substrate. Next, the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is bound to the pattern. As a result, the electrostatic latent image is developed and a circuit is formed by the conductive molecules.

In the sixth aspect, first, a hydrophilic or hydrophobic pattern is formed on the substrate. Next, amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecules supporting a conductive substance are bonded to the pattern. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecule.

<First Mode> In the first mode, first, a pattern is formed on a base material. -Substrate-The substrate can be appropriately selected from those known as substrates for electric and electronic circuits, and there is no particular limitation on its size, structure, etc., and its shape is also not particularly limited. However, it is usually a plate-shaped substrate, and the material is not particularly limited, and may be a conductive material or an insulating material.

The conductive material is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include metals, alloys, metal oxides, conductive ceramics and conductive polymers. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The metal is not particularly limited, for example, platinum,
Gold, silver, copper, chromium, iron, nickel, cobalt, zinc,
Examples thereof include magnesium, aluminum, tin and indium. Examples of the alloy include alloys of the above metals. Examples of the metal oxide include tin oxide / indium oxide (ITO). Examples of the conductive ceramics include aluminum nitride, tungsten carbide, and tungsten carbide. As the conductive polymer,
For example, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole and the like can be mentioned.

The insulating material is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include resins, fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) and ceramics. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the resin include thermoplastic resins, curable resins, polymer alloys, polymer blends, and the like. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, ABS resin and AS.
Resin, PVA resin, PET resin, general-purpose resin such as polyvinylidene chloride, engineering plastics such as polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polybutylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide imide, polyether ether ketone, polyether imide Super engineering plastics such as polyimide,
And the like. Examples of the curable resin include unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, silicone resin, thermosetting resin such as polyurethane resin, and photocurable resin. Suitable examples of the fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) include those obtained by reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and aramid fibers with the resin. Suitable examples of the ceramic include glass, zirconium oxide, and silicon.

A conductive base material may be formed by coating the surface of the insulating material base material with the conductive material. In this case, the conductive material on the surface of the base material of the insulating material, laminating method, sputtering method,
The coating can be performed by a vapor deposition method, an electroless plating method, or the like.

The formation of the pattern is carried out by lithography using a resist. Usually, after coating the resist on the substrate to form a film (layer) of the resist, electron beam irradiation and exposure are carried out. It can be performed by performing the above.

The resist is not particularly limited,
Depending on the material of the substrate and the like, it can be appropriately selected from known ones, for example, photoresist, heat-resistant photoresist, dry film photoresist, electrodeposition photoresist, dielectric methanofullerene, chromium,
Examples thereof include ITO and conductive polymers. They are,
They may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the photoresist include a positive photoresist and a negative photoresist. As the positive photoresist, for example,
Examples thereof include a mixture of a photosensitizer obtained by esterifying o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid with a novolac resin, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone or tetrahydroxybenzophenone, and a cresol type novolac resin. Examples of the negative photoresist include a water-soluble photoresist obtained by adding dichromate to a water-soluble polymer such as casein, glue, and polyvinyl alcohol, and a cinnamic acid-based resist obtained by reacting PVA with cinnamic acid chloride. , Natural rubber, cyclized polyisoprene,
Examples thereof include rubber-based resists obtained by adding a bisazide compound as a photosensitizer to polybutadiene, photopolymerizable resists, and the like.

Examples of the heat-resistant photoresist include positive heat-resistant photoresist and negative heat-resistant photoresist. Examples of the positive type heat-resistant photoresist include those obtained by introducing an o-nitrobenzyl group or an o-naphthoquinonediazide group into a polyimide precursor as a photoreactive group. Examples of the negative heat resistant photoresist include those having a structure in which a methacryloyl group is a photosensitive group and ester-bonded to a carboxyl group of polyacic acid, and an amine compound having a photosensitive group is introduced into polyacic acid by an ionic bond. , A photosensitive polyoxazole precursor obtained by polycondensing a fluorine-containing diamine having a hydroxyl group and p-phenylenediacrylic acid.

Examples of the dry film photoresist include known photopolymerization type photopolymers, which mainly contain methyl methacrylate as a binder polymer, various (meth) acrylates, styrene, acrylonitrile, and (meth) acryl. Examples thereof include copolymers with acids and the like.

Examples of the electrodeposition photoresist include positive electrodeposition photoresist and negative electrodeposition photoresist. Examples of the negative-type electrodeposition photoresist include those containing a binder polymer, a photopolymerizable polyfunctional acrylate monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, a thermal polymerization inhibitor, and the like.

Examples of the photofabrication resist include a positive photoresist and a negative photoresist. Examples of the positive type photofabrication photoresist include a mixture of an o-naphthoquinonediazide compound and a cresol type novolac resin. Examples of the negative-type photofabrication photoresist include a water-soluble photoresist obtained by adding dichromate to a water-soluble polymer such as casein, glue, or polyvinyl alcohol, and a cinnamon skin obtained by reacting PVA with cinnamic acid chloride. Examples thereof include acid-based resists, natural rubber, cyclized polyisoprene, polybutadiene, and other rubber-based resists obtained by adding a bisazide compound as a photosensitizer, and photopolymerizable resists.

The dielectric methanofullerene, chromium, I
TO and a conductive polymer can be preferably used when the base material is insulative.

The dielectric methanofullerene is a fullerene (C ₆₀ ) chemically modified, and is C ₈₉ H
Methanofullerene (a) represented by ₃₀ O ₄ , C ₈₁ H
Examples include methanofullerene (b) represented by ₃₄ O ₁₀ . The dielectric methanofullerene has a small molecular size, has a high resolution of the order of 10 nanometers, can be spin-coated, has a sensitivity of 1 mC / cm ² which is higher than the fullerene by an order of magnitude, and has a high dry etching resistance. Since the spherical structure of C ₆₀ distorted by the chemical modification of fullerene is easily destroyed by irradiation with an electron beam, it functions as a negative resist in which the non-irradiated portion of the electron beam remains.

Examples of the conductive polymer include polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline and the like.

In the present invention, as the resist,
When the base material is conductive, an insulating material can be preferably used, and when the base material is insulating, a conductive material can be suitably used.

The method and conditions of the lithography are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the type of the resist and the like, and for example, it is preferable to perform at least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure. .

The electron beam irradiation can be performed using a known electron beam (beam) drawing device or the like. The electron beam irradiation, the resist is the dielectric methanofullerene,
When it is chromium, ITO or a conductive polymer, it can be suitably adopted as the method of the lithography. The exposure can be performed by using a known exposure device and the like, and examples of the light for the exposure include infrared rays, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and laser rays.

At the time of the lithography, when the resist is a negative type resist, it is preferable that at least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure is performed on a portion of the resist other than a pattern forming portion,
When the resist is a positive type resist,
At least one of electron beam irradiation and exposure is preferably performed on a portion of the resist where a pattern is formed.

The pattern is formed by the lithography. The pattern is formed of any material of a base material and a resist, but considering the easiness of binding with the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule, the pattern is gold, silver, platinum, silicon, titanium oxide. It is preferably formed of

In the first embodiment, next, rod-shaped organic molecules are bonded to the pattern. The binding can be performed by a method appropriately selected according to the purpose, and for example, by coating the rod-shaped organic molecule on the substrate on which the pattern is formed, the binding in the rod-shaped organic molecule is performed. It can be easily carried out by self-organizing by the interaction between the site and the material forming the pattern.

In the first embodiment, the rod-shaped organic molecule and the conductive substance are as described above in the section "Molecular electric wire" of the present invention.

In the first aspect, as described above,
A circuit is formed by the conductive material in the rod-shaped organic molecules arranged in association with the pattern. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of the rod-shaped organic molecules may be arranged in parallel facing each other through the pattern (here, the conductive substance may be present on the pattern, or a plurality of the rod-shaped organic molecules may be arranged in parallel). Exist in the rod-shaped organic molecules juxtaposed and the conductive substances may be present adjacent to each other),
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality may be arranged in series along the pattern (here, the conductive substances may be present in the plurality of rod-shaped organic molecules arranged in series and adjacent to each other). .

<Second Mode> In the second mode, first, a pattern is formed on the base material described in the first mode.

Among the above-mentioned base materials, insulating ones can be preferably used, and the volume resistance value of the base material is 1 ×.
10 is preferably at ^{0 Ω} · cm or more.

The pattern is formed by using a beam. The beam is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, for example, a laser beam,
Plasma jet beam, ion beam, electron beam,
Suitable examples include cluster ion beams.

Examples of the laser beam include excimer laser, CO ₂ laser, ArF laser, KrF laser, and XeCl laser. Examples of the plasma jet beam include microwave discharge plasma, high frequency discharge plasma, and ECR plasma. Preferable examples of the ion beam include those irradiated by a hot cathode type ion gun, an electron cyclotron type ion gun, a duoplasma type ion gun, and the like. As the cluster ion beam,
For example, a cluster ion beam that heats and vaporizes a solid substance at room temperature and ejects it from a nozzle to generate clusters, a substance that is gaseous at room temperature (argon, carbon dioxide gas, oxygen gas, B ₁₀ H ₁₄ , SF _6). A gas cluster ion beam that heats (e.g., etc.) and ejects it from a nozzle to generate clusters, and the like. The irradiation conditions of the beam are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and the beam can be irradiated using a known device or the like.

In the second aspect, next, the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule described in the first aspect is bound to the pattern. The binding can be performed in the same manner as in the first aspect. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecules as in the first aspect.

<Third Mode> In the third mode, first, a layer of rod-shaped organic molecules is formed on the base material described in the first mode. The rod-shaped organic molecule is
As described in the first aspect, the conductive material is supported. The conductive material is as described in the first aspect. In the third aspect,
Next, the portion of the layer other than the portion for forming the pattern is removed by etching. The etching method is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from known methods. As a result, a layer made of the rod-shaped organic molecules remains in a pattern, and a circuit made of the conductive molecules carried by the rod-shaped organic molecules is formed as in the first embodiment.

<Fourth Mode> In the fourth mode, first, a pattern is formed on the base material described in the first mode. The pattern is formed by a capture target that can be captured by the capture structure. The method for forming the capture target as a pattern on the substrate is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the lithographic method in the first aspect and the second aspect. The method using a beam in the above, a printing method such as an inkjet method, a coating method, a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, and the like are preferable.

[0116] In the fourth aspect, next, the capture target is made to capture the capture structure in the rod-shaped organic molecule. The capture can be performed in the same manner as in the case of the binding in the first aspect. As a result, a circuit is formed by the conductive molecules as in the first aspect.

The rod-shaped organic molecule is as described in the first embodiment except that it has a trapping structure capable of trapping the target substance, and carries a conductive substance.
The conductive material is as described in the first aspect.

The trapping structure and the trapping object are as described above in the section “Molecular electric wire” of the present invention.

<Fifth Mode> In the fifth mode, first, a pattern of an electrostatic latent image is formed on a photosensitive substrate.

Examples of the photosensitive base material include those which are photosensitive among the base materials described in the first embodiment, and may be appropriately selected from the same materials as known photosensitive drums and the like. It can be selected, for example, a zinc oxide photoconductor, selenium and selenium alloys, cadmium sulfide, an organic photoconductor such as polyvinylcarbazole, a composite multi-layer photoconductor,
And so on.

The formation of the electrostatic latent image can be carried out by a method similar to a known electrophotographic system, ionographic system or the like, but it can be suitably carried out by a method similar to the electrophotographic system. Can be suitably performed by charging the photosensitive substrate with a charging device and then exposing it with an exposing device.

The charger is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a corotron and a scorotron having a corona discharge mechanism, a contact charging roller having a contact charging mechanism, and a contact charging brush. . The exposure device is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a general copying optical system using a fluorescent lamp, a semiconductor laser optical system, an LED optical system,
A printer light source using a liquid crystal shutter optical system or the like can be used.

In the fifth aspect, next, the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule described in the first aspect is bound to the pattern. The binding can be performed in the same manner as in the first aspect. As a result, the electrostatic latent image is developed, and a circuit formed of the conductive molecules is formed as in the first aspect. The rod-shaped organic molecule is as described in the first aspect, and carries a conductive substance. The conductive material is as described in the first aspect.

<Sixth Aspect> In the sixth aspect, first, a hydrophilic or hydrophobic pattern is formed on the substrate described in the first aspect. The method for forming the hydrophilic or hydrophobic pattern is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, after using a hydrophilic material or a hydrophobic material, The method by lithography in one aspect, the method by beam in the second aspect, the etching method, the sputtering method, the vapor deposition method, the coating method, the printing method,
And the like.

In the sixth aspect, the rod-shaped organic molecule which is amphipathic and has been described in the first aspect is bound to the pattern.

Similar to the first embodiment, the bonding can be carried out by utilizing the self-organization phenomenon by merely coating the rod-shaped organic molecules on the substrate, and the pattern can be formed. When it is hydrophilic, the hydrophilic portions in the rod-shaped organic molecule are arranged on the pattern by self-assembly, and when the pattern is hydrophobic, hydrophobicity in the rod-shaped organic molecule is provided on the pattern. The parts are arranged by self-assembly. The rod-shaped organic molecule is as described in the first aspect except that it is essential to be amphipathic, and carries a conductive substance. The conductive material is as described in the first aspect.

As described above, as in the case of the first aspect, a circuit formed of the conductive molecules is formed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, the rod-shaped organic molecules are arranged in parallel facing each other via the pattern (here, the conductive substance may be present on the pattern, The conductive substances may be present in the rod-shaped organic molecules juxtaposed in parallel to each other).

Here, a specific example of the molecular electric wire circuit manufactured by the method for manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the molecular electric wire circuit shown in FIG. 1, a pattern is formed on the substrate. The substrate is hydrophilic, and both sides of the pattern on the substrate are surface-hydrophobicized along the pattern. A typical example of the hydrophilic substrate is a glass substrate that has been washed with a weak alkali, but a silicon substrate that has been hydrophilized by silicate treatment with a strong alkali, silanol modification, and adsorption of a surfactant. It is also possible to use those which have been subjected to a treatment or the like, and those whose surface has been made hydrophilic by subjecting a hydrophobic film to corona discharge treatment or glow discharge treatment. The molecular electric wire circuit has a hydrophobic portion 10a at one end, a hydrophilic portion 10b at the other end, and a binding site capable of binding to the conductive substance 12 and the pattern at the end of the hydrophobic portion 10a. The binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 having is bonded to the pattern. At this time, since both sides of the pattern are subjected to surface hydrophobization treatment, the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is
As shown in, the hydrophobic part 10a is located adjacent to the pattern, the hydrophilic part 10b is located away from the pattern, and the length direction thereof is oriented substantially orthogonal to the pattern. Multiple are in parallel. Then, at this time, since the conductive substance 12 in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 exists at the end of the hydrophobic portion 10a, the conductive substance 12 exists substantially along the pattern in the molecular electric wire circuit. A circuit is formed by the conductive substance 12, and the circuit is electrically connected to an ammeter and a power source to form a molecular electric wire circuit. Therefore, when the power source is turned on, the arrangement of the conductive substances 12 functions as a molecular electric wire, and the conductive substances 12 are aligned along the line (along the pattern).
An electric current flows.

In the molecular electric wire circuit shown in FIG. 2, a pattern is formed on the substrate. The molecular electric wire circuit has a hydrophobic portion 10a at one end and a hydrophilic portion 1 at the other end.
0b, a conductive substance 12 is carried along the length direction inside, and the binding site in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 has a plurality of binding sites capable of binding to the pattern on the circumferential side surface along the length direction. Are bound to the pattern. Since the plurality of binding sites in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 are present on the circumferential side surface along the length direction of the rod-shaped organic molecule 10, when the binding sites are bound to the pattern, the rod-shaped organic molecules 10 are bound to follow the pattern. Are arranged. Also,
The rod-shaped organic molecule 10 has a hydrophobic portion 10a and a hydrophilic portion 10b.
As shown in FIG. 2, among the rod-shaped organic molecules arranged along the pattern, adjacent ones have the same parent part (hydrophobic part or parent part) due to self-assembly. Are facing each other. Then, at this time, since the conductive substance 12 in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is carried along the length direction thereof, the conductive substance 12 exists substantially along the pattern in the molecular electric wire circuit,
A circuit is formed by the conductive material 12, and the circuit is connected to an ammeter and a power source so as to be able to conduct, thereby forming a molecular electric wire circuit. Therefore, when the power source is turned on, the arrangement of the conductive substances 12 functions as a molecular electric wire, and a current flows along the line of the conductive substances 12 (along the pattern).

The molecular electric wire circuit manufactured by the method for manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention includes, in addition to the circuit made of the above-mentioned conductive material, electrodes selected for energization, a power source, a capacitor, etc., which are selected as necessary. It has the equipment of.

According to the method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention, it can be suitably used in many fields such as information technology, biotechnology, medical care, energy, etc.
It is possible to efficiently manufacture a molecular electric wire circuit using a molecular electric wire that is formed of an eco-friendly eco-material and enables micro wiring.

[0133]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Example 1) α as the rod-shaped organic molecule
-As a helix polypeptide, α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA
₁₈ ) was prepared as follows. That is, using n-hexylamine as an initiator, N ^ε -carbobenzoxy L-lysine N ^α -carboxyanhydride (LLZ-N
CA) followed by polymerization of γ-methyl L-glutamate N-carboxyanhydride (MLG-NCA), the degree of polymerization of the PLLZ part is 25, PML.
Block copolypeptide PLLZ having a degree of polymerization of G part 60
_25- PMLG ₆₀ was prepared. After that, the PMLG segment is partially hydrolyzed and L-glutamic acid (LG
A) makes the α-helix copolypeptide PLL
Z ₂₅ -P a _(MLG 42 / _{LGA 18)} was prepared.

Next, α-helix copolypeptide PL
LZ₂₅-P (MLG₄₂/ LGA ₁₈), Cyanine
By soaking in a liquid containing a dye, the α
-Helix copolypeptide PLLZ₂₅-P (MLG
₄₂/ LGA₁₈) Is loaded with the cyanine dye on its peripheral surface.
Let Based on the above, cyanine dyes are amphiphilic α-helicides.
Xucopolypeptide PLLZ₂₅-P (MLG₄₂/
LGA₁₈) To obtain a molecular electric wire
It was

A plurality of the molecular electric wires were arranged as shown in FIG. That is, the amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is arranged on the substrate in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lengthwise direction, and the ends of the lipophilic part (hydrophobic part) 10a are located on the same side. Then, a row of two rod-shaped organic molecules 10 formed by arranging a plurality of them is in a state in which the conductive substance 12 is interposed, the ends of the lipophilic portions (hydrophobic portions) 10a of the rod-shaped organic molecules 10 or the hydrophilic portions. It was arranged so that the ends of 10b were in contact with each other. An electrode electrically connected to a power source was brought into contact with both ends of the line formed by arranging the conductive material 12 to form an electric circuit. An ammeter was connected to a part of this electric circuit, and when the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, it was confirmed that a current of 40 μA was flowing in the molecular electric wire.

(Example 2) The rod-shaped organic molecule prepared in Example 1 was loaded with a cyanine dye on the peripheral side surface in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a molecular electric wire.
As shown in FIG. 3, the substrate was fixed and arranged in a straight line on the substrate. Specifically, the end of the lipophilic part (hydrophobic part) 10a in one amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecule 10 and the lipophilic part (hydrophobic part) 10a in another amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecule 10 are formed. The ends are brought into contact with each other, and the end of the hydrophilic portion 10b of the one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 and another rod-shaped organic molecule 10 having amphipathic properties.
The end of the lipophilic part 10b was abutted and extended, and an electrode electrically connected to a power source was abutted on both ends of the extended molecular electric wire to form an electric circuit. An ammeter is connected to a part of this electric circuit, and the power is turned on for 100 m.
When a current of V was passed, it was confirmed that a current of 20 μA was flowing in the molecular electric wire.

Example 3 A rod-shaped organic molecule prepared in Example 1 was loaded with a cyanine dye on the peripheral side surface in the same manner as in Example 1, and the organic rod-shaped molecule was used as the capture target at one end. A molecular electric wire having iodine bound thereto and cyclodextrin as the trapping structure bound at the other end was prepared.

This molecular electric wire was linearly connected and fixed and arranged on the substrate as shown in FIG. Specifically, iodine in one rod-shaped organic molecule 10 having one end bound to iodine as the capture target 3 and the other end connected to cyclodextrin as the capture structure 2 is used as the capture target 3 at one end. Other rod-shaped organic molecule 10 to which iodine of is bound and cyclodextrin as the capture structure 2 is connected to the other end
Electrodes electrically connected to a power source were contacted with both ends of the molecular electric wire extended by being trapped by the cyclodextrin in (1) to form an electric circuit. An ammeter was connected to a part of this electric circuit, and when the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, it was confirmed that a current of 20 μA was flowing in the molecular electric wire.

(Example 4) The rod-shaped organic molecule prepared in Example 1 was loaded with a cyanine dye on the peripheral side surface in the same manner as in Example 1, and the organic rod-shaped molecule was used as the capture target at one end. , TTTTTT thymine pentamer was bound, and the other end was bound with the GGGGGG guanine pentamer as the capture structure, and the rod-shaped organic molecule prepared in Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 cyanine dye Of the organic rod-shaped molecule, the adenine pentamer of AAAAA is bound to one end of the organic rod-shaped molecule as the capture target, and the other end of the organic rod-shaped molecule is CCCCCC as the capture structure.
And the molecular electric wire to which the cytosine pentamer of was bonded.

The two types of molecular electric wires were linearly connected and fixed and arranged on the substrate as shown in FIG. Specifically, the thymine pentamer of TTTTT as the capture target 3 is bound to one end, and GGGGGG as the capture structure 2 is attached to the other end.
Rod-shaped organic molecule 1 to which the guanine pentamer of
GGGGGG guanine pentamer at 0 is bound to one end with the adenine pentamer of AAAAA as the capture target 3 and the other end is connected with the cytosine pentamer of CCCCC as the capture structure 2
In the rod-shaped organic molecule 10, the thymine pentamer of TTTTT in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10 is complementary to the adenine pentamer of AAAAA as the capture structure 2 in the rod-shaped organic molecule 10. An electric circuit was formed by abutting electrodes connected to a power source so that they could be energized on both ends of the extended molecular electric wire. An ammeter was connected to a part of this electric circuit, and when the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, it was confirmed that a current of 20 μA was flowing in the molecular electric wire.

Example 5 A rod-shaped organic molecule prepared in Example 1 was loaded with a cyanine dye on the peripheral side surface in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a molecular electric wire, and the obtained α-helix copolypeptide was obtained. PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / L
In GA ₁₈ ), a thiol group was introduced into the end of the poly L-lysine moiety (PLLZ ₂₅ ) as the hydrophobic moiety by directly reacting with a halogenated alkylthiol under weak basicity.

A plurality of the amphipathic α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) was formed into a pattern of gold atoms by an ion beam gun, and the gold atom was formed on both sides of the pattern along the pattern. And applied on a substrate that has been subjected to a surface hydrophobic treatment. Then, the gold atom forming the pattern and the thiol group in the amphiphilic α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) were bound. Here, when the substrate was washed, the amphiphilic α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / LG that did not bind to a gold atom was used.
A ₁₈ ) was removed from the substrate. Then, the two medium parent of α- helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -
On the substrate, P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) is such that its hydrophobic portion is located adjacent to the pattern, its hydrophilic portion is located away from the pattern, and its length direction is the pattern. And a plurality of them were arranged in parallel in a state of being oriented in a substantially orthogonal direction.

In the molecular electric wire circuit obtained as described above, both ends of the pattern were connected to an ammeter and a power source to form a molecular electric wire circuit. Then, when the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, the arrangement of the conductive substances 12 functions as a molecular electric wire, and a current of 40 μA flows along the conductive substances 12 (along the pattern). Was confirmed.

Example 6 In Example 5, the thiol group is amphiphilic α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ.
_A molecular electric wire circuit was formed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that a plurality of _25- P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) were introduced on the circumferential side surface along the length direction. Amphiphilic α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ /
LGA ₁₈ ) has a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion,
Among the rod-shaped organic molecules arranged along the pattern, adjacent ones had mutually the same philic portion (hydrophobic portion or philic portion) facing each other due to self-assembly. In the formed molecular electric wire circuit, turn on the power to 100 mV
It was confirmed that the array of the conductive substances 12 functions as a molecular electric wire, and a current of 20 μA flows along the line of the conductive substances 12 (along the pattern).

(Example 7) In Example 5, except that the pattern was formed not by the gold atom but by the iodine atom as the trapping object, and the cyclodextrin as the trapping structure was used in place of the thiol group. A molecular electric wire circuit was formed in the same manner as in. In this molecular electric wire circuit, the amphoteric α-helix copolypeptide PLLZ ₂₅ − along the pattern is obtained by capturing an iodine atom by cyclodextrin, not by binding a gold atom and a thiol group.
P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) is fixedly arranged on the substrate. In the formed molecular electric wire circuit, when the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, the conductive material 12
It was confirmed that the arrangement of # 2 functions as a molecular electric wire, and a current of 20 μA flows along the row of the conductive material 12 (along the pattern).

(Example 8) In Example 5, a pattern was formed with a thymine pentamer of TTTTT as a capture target instead of a gold atom, and an adenine pentamer of AAAAA as a capture structure was used instead of a thiol group. A molecular electric wire circuit was formed in the same manner as in Example 5 except for the above. In this molecular electric wire circuit, not the bond between the gold atom and the thiol group but the T by the adenine pentamer of AAAAA.
The capture of the thymine pentamer of TTTT leads to amphiphilic α-helix copolypeptide P along the pattern.
LLZ ₂₅ -P (MLG ₄₂ / LGA ₁₈ ) is fixedly arranged on the substrate. In the formed molecular electric wire circuit,
When the power was turned on and a current of 100 mV was passed, the arrangement of the conductive substances 12 functioned as a molecular electric wire, and 20 μm was formed along the line of the conductive substances 12 (along the pattern).
It was confirmed that the current of A was flowing.

[0148]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a molecular electric wire, which is made of an eco-friendly eco-material and enables micro wiring, and a molecular electric wire circuit using the molecular electric wire, in response to the above-mentioned various requirements in the related art. And an efficient manufacturing method thereof.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of a molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of the molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of the molecular electric wire circuit of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ··· Capture structure 3 ・ ・ Capture target 10 ... Rod-shaped organic molecule 10a ··· New oily part (hydrophobic part) 10b ... hydrophilic part 12 ... Conductive material

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A molecular electric wire comprising a rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance. 2. An amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecule having a hydrophilic portion end and a lipophilic portion end so that the lipophilic portion ends are located on the same side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the length direction thereof. The two rod-shaped organic molecule rows formed by arranging in parallel with each other are arranged by abutting either of the lipophilic part ends or the hydrophilic part ends of each other with a conductive substance interposed therebetween. And a molecular electric wire. 3. A molecular electric wire, wherein one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance is brought into contact with one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance. 4. Among amphiphilic rod-shaped organic molecules having a hydrophilic end and a lipophilic end, one end of one rod-shaped organic molecule is brought into contact with one end of another rod-shaped organic molecule. A molecular electric wire characterized by that. 5. A rod-shaped organic molecule carrying a conductive substance, and a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule,
A molecular electric wire, comprising: a capture structure that is attached to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule to specifically capture the capture target. 6. A rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a conductive substance, and a capture target bound to one end of the rod-shaped organic molecule,
A plurality of unit conductive molecules having a capture structure that specifically binds to the capture target, which is bound to the other end of the rod-shaped organic molecule, are provided, and the capture target in one unit conductive molecule is , A molecular electric wire characterized by being trapped in a trapping structure in another unit conductive molecule. 7. A molecular electric wire circuit comprising the molecular electric wire according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. A rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance, after forming a pattern on a substrate by lithography using a resist, A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises forming a circuit by the conductive molecules by being bonded to the pattern. 9. A pattern is formed on a substrate by using a beam, and then the binding site in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern and carrying a conductive substance is formed into the pattern. A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, comprising forming a circuit of the conductive molecule by binding to a molecule. 10. After forming a layer of rod-shaped organic molecules supporting a conductive substance on a substrate, the conductive layer is formed by removing a portion of the layer other than the pattern forming portion by etching. A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises forming a circuit by molecules. 11. A pattern having a target to be captured that can be captured by the capturing structure is formed on a substrate, and then the target to be captured has a capturing structure capable of capturing the target to be captured and is electrically conductive. A method for producing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises trapping the trapping structure in a rod-shaped organic molecule supporting a substance to form a circuit by the conductive molecule. 12. A binding site in a rod-shaped organic molecule having a binding site capable of binding to the pattern after forming a pattern by an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive substrate and carrying a conductive substance. Is bonded to the pattern to develop the electrostatic latent image to form a circuit by the conductive molecule. 13. A hydrophilic or hydrophobic pattern is formed on a substrate, and then amphipathic rod-shaped organic molecules carrying a conductive substance are bonded to the pattern to form the conductive molecule. A method of manufacturing a molecular electric wire circuit, which comprises forming a circuit according to the above.