JP2003248894A - Electronic license plate and electronic license plate application system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exchange necessary information with specific equipment on a road vehicle and to transmit a message even when a vehicle is being parked and even when the engine is stopped. <P>SOLUTION: An electronic license plate 2 is provided with a temporary information storage part 5 and the information to be exchanged and the message to be sent are written and communicated. Further, the electronic license plate 2 is provided with an interface 6 for connection with on-vehicle equipment to enable access to the temporary information storage part 5. Access authority is set for the information to be written to the temporary storage part 5 and only a specific system is able to access the information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic license plate and an electronic license plate application system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, FIG. 11 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a crackdown on a parking violation by a police officer. In actual cracking, a plurality of vehicles are processed simultaneously in parallel, but in this example, a procedure for cracking only one vehicle is described for simplicity of explanation.

When a police officer cracks down on a parking violation, it is first checked whether or not a vehicle prohibition-excluded designated vehicle mark is attached to a vehicle parked in a parking prohibition place (step S101). If this mark is not attached, the line that crosses both the wheels of the parked vehicle and the road is marked with a chalk during the first round of traveling (step S10).
2). After a lapse of the parking violation time (step S103), the police officer makes a round trip again, and if there is a vehicle marked during the first round (step S104), confirms whether the marked state has changed. If there is no change in the mark state, it is determined that the vehicle is a violating vehicle that has continuously parked from the time of the first round of patrol (step S105), and parking violation information is recorded (step S106). Since the driver of the vehicle is away from the scene, the offending parking mark is attached for contact (step S107).

[0004]

Since the engine is stopped while the vehicle is parked, the in-vehicle device is not operating and the system outside the vehicle cannot exchange information with the vehicle. Therefore, in order to leave a message to the driver via the vehicle when the driver is away from the parked vehicle, it is necessary to attach a sticker with the message written on the vehicle. Work is needed. For example, when the driver is away from the vehicle, it is necessary to install a violating parking mark on the vehicle due to the prohibition of parking. In addition, at the time of crackdown on parking violations, there is also work to check whether or not the target vehicle has a parking prohibition exclusion designated vehicle mark attached, which is an obstacle to automation of processing.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and is not limited to the enforcement of prohibition of parking, but is not limited to the case where the engine is stopped while the engine is stopped or the vehicle is running. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic license plate and an electronic license plate application system capable of exchanging necessary information and transmitting a message.

[0006]

An electronic license plate according to the invention of claim 1 wirelessly communicates automobile registration information stored on an electronic circuit formed on an IC chip in response to an inquiry from an external communication device. In an electronic license plate, a temporary information storage unit for storing temporary information including information on an object to be transmitted, and an interface for reading and writing temporary information between an in-vehicle device and the temporary information storage unit And an access authority for limiting the transmission target object on the side of access for each piece of information stored in the temporary information storage unit, the wireless communication unit performing communication between the temporary information storage unit and the external communication device. Is set so that the information of only the transmission object for which the access right is set can be read from the temporary information storage unit.

In the electronic license plate according to the second aspect of the present invention, the information held in the temporary information storage section is provided with an expiration date, and the expiration date is valid based on the timer information from the temporary information storage section. It is designed so that information cannot be read.

In the electronic license plate according to a third aspect of the present invention, the transmission object is the vehicle exterior system including the external communication device or the vehicle-mounted device including at least the display means.

An electronic license plate application system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is an electronic license plate according to any one of the first to third aspects, a communication means for communicating with a wireless communication section of the electronic license plate, and the communication. A control means for controlling the operation of the means, and setting an access right for limiting the transmission target object on the side of access for each information stored in the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate, the transmission target object Information is written in the information storage unit, and only the transmission object reads the information from the temporary information storage unit.

In the electronic license plate application system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a document whose authenticity is guaranteed by an electronic signature is written in the temporary information storage section of the electronic license plate, and the transmission target is the electronic license number. It has a function of judging the validity of the document read from the temporary information storage section of the plate.

In the electronic license plate application system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the information written to the temporary information storage unit from the external communication device while the engine of the vehicle is stopped is the object to be transmitted when the engine of the vehicle is started. Is read out and the information input / output is notified to the driver by the display means.

In the electronic license plate application system according to the invention of claim 7, after the expiration of the effective period based on the timer information, the information with the effective period held in the temporary information storage section of the electronic license plate cannot be read out. It is the one.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
It will be described with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining an electronic license plate application system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment substantially applies an electronic license plate to a parking violation control system. Figure 1
In the figure, 1 is a vehicle, and 2 is an electronic license plate attached to the vehicle 1. In the electronic license plate 2, 3 is a wireless communication unit, 4 is a vehicle verification information storage unit, 5 is a temporary information storage unit, and 6 is an interface. Further, in the vehicle 1, 7 is an in-vehicle server and 8 is a display means. On the roadside, 9 is a parking violation control system, 10 is a roadside communication device,
Reference numeral 11 is a control unit.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating roadside-vehicle communication using the electronic license plate 2. In FIG. 2, 1
Reference numeral 2 denotes an IC chip incorporated in the electronic license plate 2, which includes a wireless communication unit 3, a vehicle verification information storage unit 4, a temporary information storage unit 5, and an interface 6. 13 is a roadside communication device 1
It is the communication coverage area by the antenna of 0.

Road-to-vehicle communication using the electronic license plate 2 is narrow-range wireless communication using microwaves. As shown in Figure 2,
The coverage area 13 that can communicate with the roadside communication device 10 is limited to a narrow range, and in this example, it is an area where only one vehicle 1 is provided.
The electronic license plate 2 is assumed to be powered by a battery (not shown) mounted on the vehicle 1. Therefore, the vehicle 1
Even when the vehicle is parked, the electronic license plate 2 can perform road-vehicle communication. The vehicle verification information storage unit 4 of the electronic license plate 2 holds the items described in the vehicle verification. Further, the temporary information storage unit 5 can hold a parking permit or the like and write a message or the like.

Next, the operation of the parking violation control system 9 will be described. FIG. 3 is an example in which the vehicle 1 is determined to have a parking violation. It is assumed that the vehicle 1 parks in the covered area 13 of the roadside communication device 10 at time t1. At this time, the parking violation control system 9 detects that the vehicle 1 has started parking by communication between the roadside communication device 10 and the electronic license plate 2, and starts measuring the parking time. After that, the roadside communication device 10 reads information from the vehicle verification information storage unit 4 of the electronic license plate 2 at regular intervals to monitor that the same vehicle 1 is continuously parked.

Time t1 + when the parking violation judgment time T has elapsed
At T, the parking violation of the vehicle 1 is confirmed. The control unit 11 of the parking violation control system 9 performs a parking violation process, and transmits a parking violation message to the vehicle 1 from the roadside communication device 10 to the electronic license plate 2. The electronic license plate 2 writes the received message in the temporary information storage unit 5.

At time t2 when the driver starts the engine of the vehicle 1, the information stored in the temporary information storage section 5 in the electronic license plate 2 is displayed on the display means 8 from the interface 6 via the vehicle-mounted server 7. To be done. Thereby, the driver can confirm the fact that the parking violation has occurred. In the example of FIG. 4, the parking time of the vehicle 1 is shorter than the parking violation determination time T. In this case, it is not a parking violation.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the operation of the parking violation control system 9. The control unit 11 operates the roadside communication device 10 at regular intervals to perform roadside-vehicle communication. If it is the communication time (step S110), information is read from the electronic license plate 2 (step S111). Vehicle 1
Has been issued a parking permit at this point in advance, that is, it is not a parking prohibition applicable vehicle (step S
No of 112), it is excluded from the judgment of parking violation. If there is no parking permit, that is, if the vehicle is a parking prohibition applicable vehicle (YES in step S112), it is confirmed from the vehicle verification information whether the vehicle 1 is already detected vehicle 1 (step S113).

If it is a newly detected vehicle 1, that is, if it is not a detected vehicle (NO in step S113),
Start the parking time measurement timer (step S11)
4). If the vehicle 1 is being continuously detected, that is, if it is a detected vehicle (YES in step S113), the parking time measurement timer is added (step S115). It is determined whether or not the timer value has passed the parking violation determination time (step S116), and if it has not elapsed (step S11).
If the timer value has passed the parking violation determination time (NO in step S116), the determination operation is continued.
ES) and record the parking violation (step S117). In addition, a message notifying that parking has been violated is transmitted to the electronic license plate 2 of the vehicle 1 (step S1).
18).

As described above, by using the electronic license plate 2, information can be exchanged and messages can be transmitted between the roadside vehicles even when the vehicle 1 is parked and the engine is stopped. Thereby, labor is not required as a means for managing the vehicle 1, and labor can be saved.

Although the first embodiment is an example in which the parking violation control system 9 is installed on the road, it may be replaced with a system mounted on a police vehicle, and the same effect can be obtained.

Second Embodiment FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an electronic license plate application system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the parking violation control system 9 is the roadside communication device 1
The antenna coverage area 0 of 0 is set so as to be able to communicate with a plurality of vehicles 1. In this example, three vehicles A (1a), B (1b), and C (1c) are parked in the coverage area 13.

Three vehicles A (1a), B (1b), C
It is assumed that the parking state of (1c) is FIG. 7. In this example, since the parking time of the vehicle A (1a) and the vehicle C (1c) exceeds the parking violation determination time, it is a parking violation. Since the vehicle B (1b) is parked for less than the parking violation determination time, it is not a parking violation. In this way, even in the coverage area 13 in which a plurality of vehicles 1 enter, the parking violation control system 9 communicates with the electronic license plate 2 attached to each vehicle 1 individually, so that the parking violation is parallel. You can crack down.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 8 shows the relationship between various electronic license plate application systems and access rights to information in the electronic license plate 2. The electronic license plate application system may be a vehicle registration system, a garage certificate issuance system, a passage permit issuance system, a parking permit issuance system, or the like that is managed by a public institution. Also,
A parking management system, a parking violation control system 9, and the like are conceivable as those installed on the roadside. On the vehicle 1 side, various systems can be constructed by connecting the electronic license plate 2 to various in-vehicle devices via the interface 6.

In the electronic license plate 2, information is stored in the vehicle verification information storage unit 4 or the temporary information storage unit 5 depending on the type. The temporary information storage unit 5 can be divided into public information and private information for storage.

The public information is an electronic file of a certificate or permit issued by a public institution. Electronic signatures are added to these documents in order to guarantee the authenticity of the documents. A public key cryptosystem is used for the electronic signature, and a signature encrypted with the private key of the signer is added to the document. The system that reads the signed document uses the signer's public key to decrypt the signature and confirms whether the content is correct. The electronic signature confirms that the document has not been forged by a third party.

The private information is written by a message from the vehicle-mounted device and transmitted to the roadside electronic license plate application system, or conversely, by writing a message from the roadside electronic license plate application system and transmitted to the vehicle-mounted device.

The vehicle registration system is for newly registering the vehicle 1,
Registration information such as change registration, transfer registration, and deletion registration is performed, and the registration information is written in the electronic license plate 2. If the garage certificate is recorded in advance in the electronic license plate 2 as public information, it can be read and used in the registration procedure. Since the vehicle verification information is registered, the vehicle registration system has access to the vehicle verification information.

In the garage certificate issuing system, the police station writes the garage certificate information on the electronic license plate 2 as public information. Vehicle verification information can only be read. In the case of public roads, the police chief will issue the pass permit and parking permit. It may be possible to issue a parking permit for parking on campus. The pass permit and parking permit include the vehicle number, location, period, issue date,
Information such as the issuer's seal (in the case of public roads, police chief's seal) is recorded. In this case, the electronic signature corresponds to the issuer seal.

The parking management system is a system that manages entry and exit of the vehicle 1 at a parking lot and is used as a parking meter. In management in a parking lot, it is possible to hold the contract information as public information in the electronic license plate 2. When the contract is about to expire, the parking lot management system may send a contract renewal guide to the electronic license plate 2 as private information. In the case of a parking meter, it is also possible to have a parking violation enforcement function.

The parking violation control system 9 reads a pass permit or a parking permit from the electronic license plate 2 as public information. In case of parking violation, write a message to notify the violation as private information. It is conceivable that the vehicle-mounted device may write a message as private information on the electronic license plate 2 to notify the roadside system or read the written message from the roadside.

As described above, by setting the access right for each information held in the electronic license plate 2 according to the type of the electronic license plate application system, the system can access only the necessary information, which is unnecessary. Information disclosure and modification can be prevented.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 9 shows an example of using an electronic signature in an electronic license plate application system. In FIG. 9, first, when the public organization issues the document 14, the hash value 15 a is calculated from the document 14. The hash value 15a is a fixed-length pseudo-random number obtained by operating the original text with a hash function,
Also called a summary function. Since the hash function includes an irreversible one-way function, the original text cannot be reproduced from the hash value 15a, and it is extremely difficult to generate the same hash value 15a.

The hash value 15a is used as the secret key 16 of the public institution.
The electronic signature 17 is the one encrypted by. The system of the public institution writes the document 14 and the electronic signature 17 together in the temporary information storage unit 5 of the electronic license plate 2.

When the roadside electronic number application system reads the document 14 from the electronic license plate 2, the added electronic signature 17 is also read together. A hash value 15b is calculated from the document 14 by a hash function. On the other hand, the hash value 15a is extracted by decrypting the electronic signature 17 with the public key 18 received from the public organization that issued the document 14 in advance. If the hash value 15a extracted from the electronic signature and the hash value 15b calculated from the document 14 are compared and coincident with each other, the roadside electronic license plate application system indicates that the document 14 has not been tampered with. judge.

In the fourth embodiment, the electronic signature 1
7 shows an example in which the hash value 15a of the document 14 is encrypted, but an electronic signature 17 according to another method may be used.

Fifth Embodiment FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing expiration date management of a certificate held in the temporary information storage unit 5 in the electronic license plate 2. In the figure, reference numeral 19 is a standard radio wave transmission station for radio timepieces. Reference numeral 20 is an electronic license plate application system installed on the roadside, and in addition to the roadside communication device 10 and the control unit 11, a standard radio wave reception unit 21 having an antenna 22, a reception unit 23 and a signal decoding unit 24, and a timer control. The unit 25 and the timer 26 are provided. Inside the electronic license plate 2, 27 is a control unit provided between the wireless communication unit 3 and the temporary information storage unit 5, 28a, 28b, 28.
Reference characters c are certificates issued by public institutions and are held in the temporary information storage unit 5. 2 inside certificate 28
Reference numeral 9 is access right information, 30 is an expiration date provided in the information held in the temporary information storage unit 5, and 31 is proof content.

In this example, the electronic license plate 2 has three types of certificates 28a, 28b issued by a public institution.
28c is stored in the temporary information storage unit 5, and it is assumed that only the certificate 28a is associated with the roadside electronic license plate application system 20. In this case, the roadside electronic license plate application system 20 is described in the access right information 29 of the certificate 28a so that it can access the certificate 28a. As a method of giving the access right, for example, a method of using an application ID as the access right information 29 of the certificate 28 can be considered.

Roadside electronic license plate application system 2
An application ID (AID) is defined to identify the application that 0 executes. In this example,
It is assumed that AID = n is assigned. The access right information 29 of the certificate 28 includes an application ID column, a read authority column (R), and a write authority column (W). The certificate 28a permits access from the roadside electronic license plate application system 20 with AID = n, and R =
When 1 (permission) and W = 1 (permission), both reading and writing are permitted.

It is assumed that the roadside electronic license plate application system 20 can read the certificate 28a having the access right and can delete the certificate 28a when the expiration date has passed. In this case, since the date and time is required to be accurate, it is assumed that the roadside license plate application system 20 receives the time information transmitted from the standard radio wave transmitting station 19 by the standard radio wave receiving unit 21 and manages the date and time. . The standard radio wave including time information is received by the antenna 22, passes through the receiver 23, and is extracted by the signal decoding unit 24. The time information is input to the timer control unit 25, and the time of the timer 26 is corrected if necessary.

The control unit 27 of the electronic license plate 2 is
In response to a request from the roadside electronic license plate application system 20, the certificate 28a having the access right is provided to the wireless communication unit 3
From the roadside electronic license plate application system 20. Roadside electronic license plate application system 20,
The electronic signature 17 of the received certificate 28a is used to confirm that the document 14 has been properly issued and has not been tampered with. The roadside electronic license plate application system 20 is an object to be transmitted that can access the certificate 28a. Received a grant. If the certificate 28a was previously issued by the roadside electronic license plate application system 20 itself, the public key 18 is generated by itself. Next, the expiration date 30 is compared with the value of the timer 26 to confirm that it is within the expiration date.

If the expiration date has passed, the electronic license plate 2 is subjected to processing to open the area of the certificate 28a provided in the temporary information storage unit 5.
The means for this purpose may be to directly or indirectly erase the file itself, or to write to invalidate the file. Since the write right is granted to the certificate 28a, the file can be deleted.

In the fifth embodiment, the timer 2
6 was corrected by the time information from the standard radio wave transmitting station 19, but it is not essential. Further, the format of the access right information 29 is not limited to this example.

[0045]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, the electronic number for wirelessly communicating the vehicle registration information stored on the electronic circuit formed in the IC chip in response to the inquiry from the external communication device. In the plate, a temporary information storage unit for storing temporary information including information to the transmission target, and an interface for reading and writing temporary information between the vehicle-mounted device and the temporary information storage unit,
The temporary information storage unit and a wireless communication unit that communicates with the external communication device are provided, and an access right is set for each information stored in the temporary information storage unit that limits a transmission target object on the side of access. However, since it is possible to read the information of only the transmission target object for which the access authority is set from the temporary information storage unit, information can be exchanged between devices between roadside vehicles including the engine stopped state during parking, and messages can be exchanged. Therefore, it is possible to save labor without the need for manpower as a means for managing the vehicle, and to set the access authority for the information of the transmission target in the information of the temporary information storage unit. So, you can access only the information that the communication object needs,
This has an effect of preventing information from being disclosed or modified unnecessarily.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the information held in the temporary information storage unit is provided with an expiration date, and the valid information from the temporary information storage unit is set after the expiration date based on the timer information. Since it is made impossible to read, there is an effect that the limited capacity of the temporary information storage section can be effectively utilized.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3, the transmission object is the vehicle exterior system including the external communication device or the vehicle-mounted device including at least the display means.
It has the effect of contributing to labor saving when managing the vehicle, disclosure of unnecessary information, and prevention of modification.

According to the invention of claim 4, claim 1
The electronic license plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, communication means for communicating with a wireless communication unit of the electronic license plate, and control means for controlling the operation of the communication means, and temporary information storage of the electronic license plate. For each information stored in the section, an access right is set to limit the object to be transmitted on the side of access, the object to be transmitted writes information to the temporary information storage unit, and only the object to be transmitted is transferred from the temporary information storage unit. Since the information is read, it is possible to exchange information between devices between roadside vehicles, including the engine stopped state while parked, and to transmit messages, so human resources are required as means for managing the vehicle. It is possible to save labor, and to set the access authority to the information in the temporary information storage section for the type of the transmission target object, so that only the information that the transmission target object needs is accessed. Come, there is an effect that it is possible to prevent or to or modifications disclosed unnecessarily information.

According to the invention of claim 5, a document whose authenticity is guaranteed by an electronic signature is written in the temporary information storage section of the electronic license plate, and the object to be transmitted is:
The electronic license plate application system including the communication device outside the vehicle has a function of judging the validity of the document read from the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate, and is read from the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate. There is an effect that the validity of the document can be judged.

According to the invention of claim 6, the information written in the temporary information storage unit from the external communication device while the engine of the vehicle is stopped is read by the transmission object when the engine of the vehicle is started. Since the information input / output is notified to the driver by the display means, there is an effect that labor is not required as a means for managing the vehicle and labor can be saved.

Further, according to the invention of claim 7, after the expiration of the effective period based on the timer information, the information with the effective period held in the temporary information storage portion of the electronic license plate cannot be read out. The advantage is that the limited capacity of the temporary information storage unit can be effectively utilized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining an electronic license plate application system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining roadside-vehicle communication by the electronic license plate application system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a parking violation determination example by the electronic license plate application system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example in which a vehicle is not judged to be a parking violation in the electronic license plate application system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of parking violation enforcement system operation in the electronic license plate application system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an electronic license plate application system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of parking violation judgment by the electronic license plate application system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between various electronic license plate application systems and access rights to information in the electronic license plate according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the use of an electronic signature in the electronic license plate application system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining expiration date management of the certificate held in the electronic license plate according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a conventional parking violation enforcement method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 vehicle, 2 electronic license plate, 3 wireless communication section, 5 temporary information storage section, 6 interface, 8
Display means, 9 parking violation control system, 10 roadside communication device, 12 IC chips, 14 documents, 17 electronic signature,
20 Roadside electronic license plate application system, 26
timer

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An electronic license plate for wirelessly communicating vehicle registration information stored on an electronic circuit formed on an IC chip in response to an inquiry from an external communication device, the temporary license including information to an object to be transmitted. Between a temporary information storage unit for storing information, an interface for reading and writing temporary information between the vehicle-mounted device and the temporary information storage unit, and between the temporary information storage unit and the external communication device A wireless communication unit that communicates with each other, and sets an access right to limit the object to be transmitted for each information stored in the temporary information storage unit, and only the object to be transmitted to which the access right is set is set. An electronic license plate characterized in that information can be read from the temporary information storage unit. 2. The information stored in the temporary information storage unit is provided with an expiration date so that valid information cannot be read from the temporary information storage unit after the expiration date based on timer information. The electronic license plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that. 3. The electronic license plate according to claim 1, wherein the object to be transmitted is an external system including the external communication device or the vehicle-mounted device including at least a display unit. 4. An electronic license plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a communication unit for communicating with a wireless communication unit of the electronic license plate, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the communication unit. For each information stored in the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate, an access right is set to limit the transmission target object on the side of access, and the transmission target object writes information in the temporary information storage unit, and the transmission target object is set. The electronic license plate application system is characterized in that only the information is read from the temporary information storage unit. 5. A document, the validity of which is guaranteed by an electronic signature, is written in the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate, and the object to be transmitted is the validity of the document read from the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate. The electronic license plate application system according to claim 4, which has a function of determining the sex. 6. The information written in the temporary information storage unit from an external communication device while the engine of the vehicle is stopped is read out by the transmission object when the engine of the vehicle is started, and the information is transferred to the driver by the display means. 6. The electronic license plate application system according to claim 4, wherein the electronic license plate application system is configured to transmit the information. 7. The information with a validity period held in the temporary information storage unit of the electronic license plate cannot be read after the expiration of the validity period based on the timer information. The electronic license plate application system according to any one of 1.