JP2003225024A - Oxygen supply type hydroponics apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponics apparatus sufficiently supplying oxygen to plants with low-cost equipments. <P>SOLUTION: This oxygen supply type hydroponics apparatus has a hydroponics tank holding planting holders in which many plants are planted, in a box type cultivation tank having a culture solution put therein and an opened upper surface. The planting holders are held on the top of a culture solution surface in parallel to the culture solution surface at proper intervals. At the intervals many lightweight water supply small balls floatable on the culture solution are crowded with each other and superposed on each other in a multiple lamination. Capillaries raising the surface solution of the culture solution are formed between the water supply small balls adjacent to each other and the roots of the plants extend to the capillaries from the lower surface of the planting holder. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oxygen-supplemented hydroponic culture for compensating for insufficient absorption of oxygen from roots in hydroponics in which roots of plants are immersed in a culture solution in a cultivation tank for cultivation. Regarding cultivation equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in hydroponics, the method of constantly immersing plant roots in a culture solution results in insufficient oxygen absorption from the roots. In order to improve this, conventionally, a method of supplying air by blowing air into the culture solution with an air pump,
There is a method in which a planting panel in which plants are planted is moved up and down to regularly expose the roots of the plants to the air to directly absorb oxygen in the air.

However, both of these methods require extra equipment, and in the latter case, it is difficult to achieve sufficient oxygen absorption by exposing the roots to the air and prevent the roots from drying. There was a risk of growth failure due to.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to achieve sufficient oxygen supplementation with low cost equipment.

[0005]

As means for achieving the above object, the present inventor has focused on the fact that a high concentration of oxygen is dissolved in the surface layer liquid within a depth range of about 3 mm from the liquid surface. The first invention is a hydroponic cultivation tank in which a box-shaped cultivation tank having an upper surface opening containing a culture solution holds a planting holder in which a large number of plants are planted. , Is held parallel to the culture liquid surface at an appropriate interval above the culture liquid surface, and within the interval, a number of lightweight, buoyant water-supplying water globules are densely packed together and in a multi-layered state. The oxygen-supplementing type, in which the roots of the plant can be extended from the lower surface of the planting holder into the capillary by forming a capillary that can raise the surface liquid of the culture solution between each adjacent water supply globule. Providing hydroponics equipment,

In the second aspect of the invention, the endless drive belt is hung on both front and rear ends of a box-shaped tank having an upper surface opening containing culture solution, which is rotatably supported at both front and rear ends thereof, and the culture is performed on the endless drive belt. Hydroponic culture with a plant dipping device for pest extermination, which forms an upper straight running path that goes over the liquid and a lower straight running path that goes through the culture solution, and in the endless zone, holds a planting holder with many plants planted In the tank, the planting holder in the upper straight running path is positioned in parallel with the culture liquid surface with an appropriate space from the culture liquid surface, and within the space, a large number of lightweight water-insulating, floating liquid culture media are supplied. The globules are densely packed with each other and deposited in a multi-layered state to form a capillary between the adjacent water-feeding globules that can raise the surface liquid of the culture solution, and the root of the plant is inserted from the lower surface of the planting holder into the capillary. Oxygen-supplemented hydroponic cultivation equipment that can be extended To.

The "water-feeding small spheres" in the first and second inventions are light-weight heat-insulating and specific gravity floating in a culture solution made of foaming synthetic resin spheres such as foaming styrene, hollow spheres made of various synthetic resins and the like. A value of less than 1 is used. The size of the supply globules is preferably 5 to 25 mm, and may actually be a mixture of the same or different diameters.

As the "planting holder", a panel having a large number of planting holes made of a foam polystyrene plate, a synthetic resin plate, a wooden board, a metal plate, etc. is used. Flexible synthetic resin net,
Metal wires or the like having a planting ring or loop are also used.

In the second aspect of the invention, the "belt driving" includes belts, chains, roller chains, etc. The "belt driving vehicle" means
It is a driving vehicle that travels in the belt, and is a pulley, a drum or the like for a belt or a chain, and a sprocket wheel or the like for a roller chain. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0010]

[Examples] [Examples of the first invention] FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) show an example in which an ordinary planting holder stationary type hydroponic cultivation tank was used.
The culture solution (2) is put into a box-shaped cultivation tank (1) long in the front-back direction of the upper surface opening, and the left and right side wall upper ends of the cultivation tank (1) are
It is a wooden rectangular plate as a planting holder for the supporting metal fittings (3), (3), ... The planting panels (4) having the planting holes (5) are supported at the left and right ends thereof, respectively.

Planting panel (4) supported as described above
The required distance (d) between the lower surface of ... And the liquid surface of the culture solution (2)
In this interval (d), in this example, a mixture of water-filling spheres (6) made of expanded polystyrene having a diameter of 10 mm and a diameter of 20 mm in a proportion of 50% each is densely packed and laminated. Capsules are deposited in a state, whereby capillaries capable of ascending the surface liquid of the culture solution (2) are formed between each adjacent water supply globule (6).

The styrene foam water supply ball (6) ...
Is lightweight and has a very low specific gravity, so Fig. 1 (b)
When it is deposited in 5-6 layers like
In mm, the lower layer part is immersed in the surface solution of the culture solution (2), and most of the roots of the plant (P) ... Extend into the water supply globule (6) ... sedimentary layer.

In FIG. 1, a small space is provided between the planting panel (4) ... lower surface and the water supply globule (6) ... group, but at the initial stage of planting seedlings, the liquid of the culture solution (2) is used. It is advisable to raise the surface appropriately to bring the water supply globules (6) ... Group into contact with the planting panel (4). In some cases, the liquid level of the culture solution (2) may be brought closer to the lower surface of the planting panel (4) ... After appropriately reducing the water supply globule (6).

[0014]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION [Effects of the First Invention] According to the first invention, the surface liquid having a high oxygen concentration in the culture solution (2) rises in the capillaries between the water supply globules (6). And the plant can absorb it with the roots extending into the capillaries,
As a result, the plant can be cultivated well under sufficient oxygen supplementation.

[Second Embodiment of the Invention] The embodiment of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 is an example in which the invention is applied to an open-field hydroponic cultivation tank with a dipping device for controlling plant pests. 1a)
A pair of left and right front sprocket wheels (7
a) and (7a), and a pair of left and right rear sprocket wheels (8a) and (8a) at the rear end of the tank are used as shafts (9a) and (10).
a) rotatably support each of them, and sprocket wheels (7a), (8a) and (7a) (8a) are respectively wound around endless roller chains (11a) and (11a) to form the roller chains (11a). , (11a),
An upper straight traveling path (A) traveling on the liquid surface and a lower linear traveling path (B) traveling in the liquid are provided, and as shown in FIG. 3, between the left and right roller chains (11a), (11a). Metal planting stick (4) having a large number of planting rings (5a) ...
a) are fixedly supported at both ends of the rod with a required front-rear space.

The sprocket shafts (9a), (10a)
In the supporting structure, the frames (12a) and (12a) are erected on the left and right outer surfaces of the cultivation tank (1a), and the hanging bracket (13) hanging in the tank (1a) is provided at the upper end of the frame.
a) and (13a) are fixed respectively, and the shaft (9) is attached to the oilless bearings (14a) and (14a) provided at the lower ends of the left and right suspension brackets (13a) and (13a).
Both ends of a) and (10a) are rotatably supported.

The roller chains (11a), (11a)
As a traveling drive means for the vehicle, a motor (16a) with a reduction gear is installed on a support base (15a), a sprocket wheel (17a) fixed to the output shaft of the motor, and the shaft (9a).
A chain (19a) is hung on a sprocket wheel (18a) fixed to one end of the.

In the hydroponic culture tank as described above, the planting sticks (4a) and the culture solution (2) located in the upper straight running path (A).
A required distance (d) is provided between the surface a) and the front sprocket wheels (7a), (7a) slightly rearward, and the rear sprocket wheels (8a), (8a) slightly frontward. Front and rear partition plates (2) standing up from the liquid (2a) to the planting sticks (4a) of the upper straight travel path (A) ...
0a) and (21a) are installed by fixing both ends thereof to the side walls of the cultivation tank (1a), and both partition plates (20
a), (21a) foamed styrene water supply globules (6a) with a diameter of 15 mm are densely packed together and accumulated in a multi-layered state, whereby a culture solution is provided between the adjacent water supply globules (6a). A capillary that raises the surface liquid of (2a) is formed. Two or three stacked water supply globules (6a) are also deposited on the culture liquid surfaces outside the partition plates (20a) and (21a).

At the upper ends of the partition plates (20a), (21a), the roots of the partition plates (20) when the plants (P) are running.
The height is such that it can pass over a) and (21a).
In this case, if the rollers (22a), (23a) shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are rotatably attached to the upper ends of the partition plates (20a), (21a), the passage of the roots becomes easier.

In the case of alley cultivation, there is a possibility that the water supply prills (6a) are scattered by the wind. In order to prevent this, on the outside of the planting sticks (4a) ... Between the roller chains (11a), (11a), the water supply globules (6a) ...
Net-shaped cover (24)
a) is stretched.

According to the above example, hydroponics is carried out in a state where the plants (P) planted on the fixed planting sticks (4a) are located on the upper straight traveling path (A). Surface liquid having a high oxygen concentration rises in the capillaries between the water supply globules (6a), and the roots absorb the surface liquid, which allows good growth. When dipping to remove harmful insects attached to plants during hydroponics, use a motor (1
6a) starts rotation of the shaft (9a) via the sprocket wheel (17a), the chain (19a) and the sprocket wheel (18a), and thus the roller chain (11a) via the sprocket wheels (7a), (7a).
A) and (11a) are driven to travel clockwise in FIG. As a result, the plants (P) planted in the fixed planting sticks (4a) run on the upper straight running path (A) to the right in FIG. 2, and their roots are deposited in the front partition plate (20a). (6a) ...
The front sprocket wheel (7a)
While turning along, it penetrates into the culture solution (2a), and proceeds to the lower straight traveling path (B) in an inverted state. Motor (16a) when all plants are moved to the lower straight road (B)
Stop and soak for the required time.

During the above-mentioned dipping work, the liquid surface of the culture solution (2a) is covered with the heat-insulating water supply globules (6a) ...

After the completion of the immersion, if the motors (16a) are restarted and the roller chains (11a), (11a) are re-run clockwise, the plants (P) on the lower straight road (B) are
... moves to the upper straight traveling path (A) in a normal posture around the rear sprocket wheel (8a), and returns to normal hydroponics. Desirably, the immersion is performed once a day.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the second invention, which is an example improved so that the root can pass over the front and rear partition plates without trouble when the plant is running. In the figure, the roller chain (11
b), the front end of (11b) above the front sprocket wheels (7b), (7b).
b), (26b) to form a mountain road (C),
The front partition (20b) has a fork (27b) at its lower end.
Is supported on the front sprocket shaft (9b), the upper end is fixed to the suspension bracket (13b), and the rear ends of the roller chains (11b) and (11b) are formed in a mountain-shaped running path like the front end. The other structure is substantially the same as that of FIGS.

[Effects of the Second Invention] According to the second invention of the present application, as in the case of the first invention, a plant can be made to absorb a surface culture medium having a high oxygen concentration, whereby under sufficient oxygen supplementation. Good hydroponics can be carried out, and when the plant is transferred to the pest control dip, there is also an advantage that the adiabatic water supply globule can cover the culture solution surface and suppress the influence of the outside temperature. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a partially omitted vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of the first invention of the present application. (B) It is an AA line expanded sectional view of a figure.

FIG. 2 is a partially omitted vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of the second invention of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway enlarged plan view of a front end portion of the cultivation layer of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a front end portion of a cultivation tank showing another embodiment of the second invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b cultivation tank 2, 2a, 2b culture solution 4 fixed panel 4a planting stick 6, 6a, 6b Water ball 7a, 7b front sprocket wheel 8a rear sprocket wheel 11a, 11b Roller chain P plant

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a hydroponic cultivation tank in which a box-shaped cultivation tank with a top opening containing a culture solution holds a planting holder in which a large number of plants are planted, the planting holders are appropriately spaced above the culture solution surface. Hold parallel to the surface of the culture solution, and in the above interval, a number of light-weight and buoyant water supply globules that are buoyant in the culture solution are closely packed and stacked in a multi-layered state, and each adjacent water supply sphere is An oxygen-supplementing hydroponic cultivation device in which a capillary capable of raising the surface layer liquid of the culture medium is formed so that the root of the plant can be extended from the lower surface of the planting holder into the capillary. 2. An upper part of a box-shaped tank having an upper surface opening containing a culture solution, the endless belt being rotatably supported at both front and rear ends of the box tank, and the endless belt being passed over the culture solution. Along with forming a straight running path and a lower straight running path that travels in the culture solution, in the endless zone, in a hydroponic cultivation tank with a plant dipping device for controlling pests, which holds a planting holder with many plants planted, Place the planting holder in the straight running path parallel to the culture solution surface with an appropriate interval from the culture solution surface, and within the above interval, a number of lightweight water-insulating, water-floating culture water supply globules to each other. In order to extend the roots of the plant from the lower surface of the planting holder into the capillaries, the capillaries can be formed densely and stacked in a multi-layered state so as to raise the surface liquid of the culture solution between adjacent water globules. Oxygen supply type hydroponic cultivation device.