JP2003211104A - Washing machine - Google Patents
Washing machineInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003211104A JP2003211104A JP2002018374A JP2002018374A JP2003211104A JP 2003211104 A JP2003211104 A JP 2003211104A JP 2002018374 A JP2002018374 A JP 2002018374A JP 2002018374 A JP2002018374 A JP 2002018374A JP 2003211104 A JP2003211104 A JP 2003211104A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- cleaning
- washing
- electrode
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100038080 B-cell receptor CD22 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000884305 Homo sapiens B-cell receptor CD22 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000649946 Homo sapiens Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100028290 Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001723 carbon free-radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/4236—Arrangements to sterilize or disinfect dishes or washing liquids
- A47L15/4238—Arrangements to sterilize or disinfect dishes or washing liquids by using electrolytic cells
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F17/00—Washing machines having receptacles, stationary for washing purposes, wherein the washing action is effected solely by circulation or agitation of the washing liquid
- D06F17/06—Washing machines having receptacles, stationary for washing purposes, wherein the washing action is effected solely by circulation or agitation of the washing liquid by rotary impellers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
- D06F35/003—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for using electrochemical cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L2601/00—Washing methods characterised by the use of a particular treatment
- A47L2601/06—Electrolysed water
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、衣類、食器、治療
器具などの民生又は産業向けの洗浄装置、特にその洗浄
効率を向上させた洗濯機や食器洗浄器等の洗浄装置に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a consumer or industrial cleaning apparatus for clothes, tableware, medical instruments and the like, and more particularly to a cleaning apparatus such as a washing machine and a dishwasher with improved cleaning efficiency.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】衣類等の洗濯に使用される洗濯機は、洗
濯槽に水流を発生させて洗濯物の洗濯およびすすぎを行
い、洗濯物が収容された槽を高速回転させて脱水を行っ
て衣類の洗濯を行う装置である。この種の洗濯機で従来
から使用されている中性洗剤は環境への悪影響が大きい
ため、中性洗剤の使用を回避し又はその使用量を低減す
る提案がなされている。しかし中性洗剤の使用量を規定
量より減らしたり、中性洗剤に替えて洗浄力の低い石鹸
を使用すると、洗浄力が不足して、洗い残しが生じやす
いという問題があった。このように洗剤類の使用量の低
減には限界があり、洗剤とは直接関係しない手段による
洗浄力の向上が要請されている。2. Description of the Related Art A washing machine used for washing clothes, etc., generates water flow in a washing tub to wash and rinse the laundry, and spins the tub containing the laundry at a high speed for dehydration. This is a device for washing clothes. Since the neutral detergent conventionally used in this type of washing machine has a large adverse effect on the environment, it has been proposed to avoid the use of the neutral detergent or reduce the amount thereof. However, if the amount of the neutral detergent used is less than the prescribed amount or if soap having a low detergency is used instead of the neutral detergent, there is a problem that the detergency is insufficient and unwashed residue is likely to occur. As described above, there is a limit to the reduction of the amount of detergents used, and there is a demand for improvement in detergency by means not directly related to detergents.
【0003】洗濯機で使用する水は、洗剤とともに使用
する洗濯水の他に、すすぎ水があり、すすぎ水も洗濯物
の洗浄効果を上昇させるために重要であるが、通常は水
道水が使用され、水道水の有する洗浄力で洗濯が行われ
る。このような洗濯機で使用する洗濯水やすすぎ水の洗
浄効果を上昇させる手段として、これらの水の電気化学
的な処理が提案されている。電気化学的な処理を行うと
陽極室側では酸性水が、陰極室側ではアルカリイオン水
がそれぞれ生成し、これらの酸性水及びアルカリイオン
水はそれら自身が殺菌作用を有しかつ洗浄力を有するた
め、水道水をこれらの酸性水やアルカリイオン水に替え
ると、洗浄効果が上昇し、洗剤を石鹸に替えたり、洗剤
の使用量を少なくしても洗浄効果を低下させることなく
洗濯を行うことができる。洗濯機による洗浄以外にも、
洗浄水を使用して洗浄を行う機器、例えば食器洗浄器が
ある。食器洗浄器の場合には、洗浄水として水道水が使
用され、電気化学的処理により生成する酸性水やアルカ
リイオン水は使用されていない。食器洗浄器は水流を噴
射して食器洗浄を行う装置であり、洗濯機の場合より汚
れが落ち難く、より効果的な洗浄が要請されている。Water used in a washing machine includes rinsing water in addition to washing water used with a detergent, and rinsing water is also important for enhancing the washing effect of laundry, but tap water is usually used. Then, the laundry is washed with the washing power of the tap water. As a means for increasing the washing effect of washing water and rinsing water used in such a washing machine, electrochemical treatment of these waters has been proposed. When electrochemical treatment is carried out, acidic water is produced on the anode chamber side and alkaline ionized water is produced on the cathode chamber side, and these acidic water and alkaline ionized water have a sterilizing action and a detergency. Therefore, when tap water is replaced with acidic water or alkaline ionized water, the cleaning effect is improved, and washing should be carried out without changing the cleaning effect even if the detergent is replaced with soap or the amount of detergent used is reduced. You can Besides washing with a washing machine,
There is a device for cleaning using cleaning water, for example, a dishwasher. In the case of a dishwasher, tap water is used as washing water, and acidic water or alkaline ionized water produced by electrochemical treatment is not used. A dishwasher is a device that sprays a water stream to wash dishes, and it is more difficult to remove dirt than a washing machine, and more effective washing is required.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前述の電気化学的な処
理による酸性水やアルカリイオン水等の機能水生成で使
用する電極は、一般に陽極として酸化鉛、酸化錫、黒
鉛、アモルファスカーボン等が使用され、陰極として
は、鉛、鉄、白金、チタン、カーボン等が使用され、特
に陽極としては白金やイリジウム等の貴金属及びそれら
の酸化物の使用が望ましい。しかしながらこれらの材料
を使用しても、通電を行うと電流密度や通電時間に応じ
て材料が消耗し、電解液中に溶出することが知られてお
り、この溶出が生じると洗浄水が汚染され、電気化学的
な処理を行う意味がなくなるため、より耐食性の優れた
電極が望まれている。The electrodes used in the production of functional water such as acidic water and alkaline ionized water by the electrochemical treatment described above generally use lead oxide, tin oxide, graphite, amorphous carbon, etc. as the anode. As the cathode, lead, iron, platinum, titanium, carbon and the like are used, and as the anode, it is preferable to use precious metals such as platinum and iridium and oxides thereof. However, even if these materials are used, it is known that when electricity is applied, the materials are consumed depending on the current density and the time of application, and elute into the electrolytic solution. Since there is no point in performing electrochemical treatment, an electrode having more excellent corrosion resistance is desired.
【0005】このような電極として、白金や他の白金族
金属やその酸化物を基体に被覆した貴金属電極が知られ
ている。この貴金属電極を使用すると、電極物質の溶出
が殆どない安定した機能水生成が可能になるが、収率及
び選択性の面で不十分で、更に高価であることが実用化
の障害となっている。前記貴金属電極より安価な電極と
して導電性ダイヤモンド電極が提案されている。従来か
ら電極材料として知られている黒鉛や非晶質カーボン材
料は、陽分極時に激しい消耗があるのに対し、導電性ダ
イヤモンドは、熱伝導性、光学的透過性、高温かつ酸化
に対する耐久性に優れており、ドーピングにより電気伝
導性の制御も可能である。As such an electrode, a noble metal electrode having a substrate coated with platinum or another platinum group metal or its oxide is known. The use of this noble metal electrode enables stable functional water generation with almost no elution of the electrode substance, but it is insufficient in terms of yield and selectivity, and further expensive is an obstacle to practical use. There is. A conductive diamond electrode has been proposed as an electrode cheaper than the noble metal electrode. While graphite and amorphous carbon materials, which have been known as electrode materials from the past, are subject to severe wear during anodic polarization, conductive diamond has thermal conductivity, optical transparency, and durability against high temperatures and oxidation. It is excellent, and its electrical conductivity can be controlled by doping.
【0006】電気化学用電極としては、ダイヤモンドの
酸性電解液中での安定性が報告されて[Journal of Elec
trochemical Society, Vol.141, p.3382 (1994)]、他の
カーボン材料に比較して遥かに優れていることが示唆さ
れ、更に導電性ダイヤモンドを有する電極による有機廃
水処理(米国特許第5,399,247号明細書)や機能水の生
成(特開平9−268395号公報、特開2001−192874号公
報)が知られている。これらの導電性ダイヤモンド電極
は前述した通りの優秀性を有するにもかかわらず、その
用途が十分に検討されていない。一方最近では電解槽を
内蔵し、生成する電解活性種を含有する洗浄水を利用し
て衣類等を洗濯し殺菌や汚濁物の除去分解を行う洗濯機
が市販され、この洗濯機では洗剤の使用量を節減できる
という利点がある。しかしながらこの電解槽で生成させ
た洗浄水は、前述した金属や炭素製の電極を使用して製
造されるため、電極物質の溶出が避けられず、洗濯機の
洗浄水としては望ましくないという欠点がある。本発明
は、より安価で安定な電極を使用して実質的に不純物を
含有しない洗浄水を生成させ、この洗浄水を利用して各
種洗浄を行い得る洗浄装置を提供することを目的とす
る。As an electrode for electrochemical use, the stability of diamond in acidic electrolyte has been reported [Journal of Elec.
trochemical Society, Vol.141, p.3382 (1994)], suggesting that it is far superior to other carbon materials, and further treating organic wastewater with electrodes having conductive diamond (US Pat. No. 5,399,247). (Specification) and generation of functional water (JP-A-9-268395, JP-A-2001-192874). Although these conductive diamond electrodes are excellent as described above, their use has not been sufficiently investigated. On the other hand, recently, a washing machine that has a built-in electrolytic cell and uses washing water containing generated electroactive species to wash clothes and disinfects and removes and decomposes contaminants has been put on the market. There is an advantage that the amount can be saved. However, since the cleaning water generated in this electrolytic cell is produced by using the above-mentioned metal or carbon electrode, elution of the electrode substance is unavoidable, which is not desirable as cleaning water for washing machines. is there. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning apparatus that can generate cleaning water containing substantially no impurities by using a cheaper and more stable electrode and perform various cleanings using this cleaning water.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、少なくとも一
方がその表面に導電性ダイヤモンドを含有する陽極及び
陰極を含む洗浄水生成部を有し、原水を該洗浄水生成部
で電気化学的に処理して洗浄水を生成させ、該洗浄水を
使用して被洗浄物の洗浄を行うことを特徴とする洗浄装
置であり、洗濯機や食器洗浄器に適用できる。According to the present invention, at least one of the surfaces has a washing water producing section containing an anode and a cathode containing conductive diamond, and raw water is electrochemically produced in the washing water producing section. It is a cleaning device characterized by performing treatment to generate cleaning water and using the cleaning water to clean an object to be cleaned, and can be applied to a washing machine or a dishwasher.
【0008】以下本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明で
は、電気化学的に機能水を生成させる洗浄水生成部を設
置し、生成する洗浄水で被洗浄物を洗浄する洗浄装置
の、前記洗浄水生成部で使用する陽極及び陰極のうち、
少なくとも一方がその表面に導電性ダイヤモンドを含有
するようにして、安価かつ効率的に洗浄水を生成させ
る。このとき、陽極及び/又は陰極がその表面に導電性
ダイヤモンドを含有しているため、電極物質の溶出が実
質的生じることがなく、不純物を有しない洗浄水が得ら
れる。導電性ダイヤモンドは水分解には不活性であり、
効率良く洗浄水が得られる。更に導電性ダイヤモンドは
有機化合物の分解で得られるため安価で経済的に使用で
きる。The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, a cleaning water generator for electrochemically generating functional water is installed, and in a cleaning device for cleaning an object to be cleaned with the generated cleaning water, among the anode and cathode used in the cleaning water generator,
At least one of the surfaces contains conductive diamond on its surface so that cleaning water can be produced inexpensively and efficiently. At this time, since the anode and / or the cathode contain conductive diamond on the surface thereof, the elution of the electrode substance does not substantially occur, and washing water having no impurities can be obtained. Conductive diamond is inert to water splitting,
Cleaning water can be obtained efficiently. Furthermore, since conductive diamond is obtained by decomposing an organic compound, it is inexpensive and can be used economically.
【0009】生成した洗浄水は、洗濯機や食器洗浄器等
の洗浄装置で使用し、これにより通常の電極を有する電
解槽で生成する機能水を使用する場合と比較して、衣類
や食器の洗浄をより効率良く行うことができる。洗浄水
生成用の電解槽(洗浄水生成部)は洗浄装置に内蔵して
も、送水ラインを介して接続し外部に設置するようにし
ても良い。更に従来の洗濯機と同様に、循環する洗浄水
中の不純物除去のためにフィルターを併設しても良い。
更に超音波洗浄を併用すると物質移動が促進されて洗浄
効果がより以上に向上する。The generated washing water is used in a washing machine such as a washing machine or a dishwasher, and thus, compared with the case where functional water generated in an electrolytic cell having an ordinary electrode is used, Cleaning can be performed more efficiently. The electrolytic bath for generating the cleaning water (cleaning water generation unit) may be built in the cleaning device or may be connected via a water supply line and installed outside. Further, as in the conventional washing machine, a filter may be additionally provided for removing impurities in the circulating wash water.
Further, when ultrasonic cleaning is used together, mass transfer is promoted and the cleaning effect is further improved.
【0010】洗浄用原水は、水道水、井戸水などが使用
できるが、これらは伝導度が小さく、セル電圧に占める
抵抗損が無視できず、更に電極反応の有効面が限定され
るという欠点を有する。従って硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カ
リウム、塩化ナトリウム及び塩化カリウム等の塩を溶解
して伝導度を高めることが望ましい。好ましい塩濃度は
0.01〜100g/リットルである。水道水、井戸水、海水
等の金属イオンを多く含む処理対象の場合、陰極表面に
水酸化物や炭酸塩が析出し、又陽極表面にシリカが析出
して反応を阻害することがある。これを防止するために
は、適当な時間(1分から10時間)ごとに逆電流を通電
することにより、析出物を脱離させれば良い。As the raw water for cleaning, tap water, well water, etc. can be used, but they have the drawbacks that they have a low conductivity, the resistance loss in the cell voltage cannot be ignored, and the effective surface of the electrode reaction is limited. . Therefore, it is desirable to dissolve salts such as sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride to increase the conductivity. The preferred salt concentration is
It is 0.01 to 100 g / liter. In the case of a treatment target containing a large amount of metal ions, such as tap water, well water, and seawater, hydroxides and carbonates may be deposited on the cathode surface, and silica may be deposited on the anode surface to hinder the reaction. In order to prevent this, a reverse current may be applied at appropriate intervals (1 minute to 10 hours) to detach the precipitate.
【0011】使用する導電性ダイヤモンド電極は、金属
などの集電体上に形成することが望ましい。ダイヤモン
ド電極は、熱フィラメント法、CVD法、マイクロ波プ
ラズマCVD法、プラズマアークジェット法及びPVD
法等により形成できる。前記マイクロ波プラズマCVD
法では、周波数が2〜3GHzのマイクロ波により原料
をラジカル化する。従来からの超高圧による合成ダイヤ
モンド粉末を使用する場合も、樹脂やセラミクス等の結
合材により、あるいは焼成により酸化物を形成させなが
ら固定しても良い。導電性ダイヤモンドの体積率は、電
気抵抗を小さくし、有効な電極面積を増加させるために
30%以上が望ましい。The conductive diamond electrode used is preferably formed on a current collector such as a metal. Diamond electrodes are hot filament method, CVD method, microwave plasma CVD method, plasma arc jet method and PVD.
It can be formed by a method or the like. The microwave plasma CVD
In the method, the raw material is radicalized by a microwave having a frequency of 2 to 3 GHz. Even when the conventional synthetic diamond powder by ultra-high pressure is used, it may be fixed by a binder such as resin or ceramics or while forming an oxide by firing. The volume fraction of conductive diamond reduces electrical resistance and increases the effective electrode area.
30% or more is desirable.
【0012】ダイヤモンドの合成法によっては一部が非
ダイヤモンド成分を生成し、ダイヤモンド成分中に含有
されることがある。これら非ダイヤモンド成分等の耐食
性のない炭素成分は電解液中に溶液して消耗するため実
用的な影響は小さいが、使用前に酸洗浄などにより除去
しておくことが望ましい。前記集電体の材料は導電性で
あれば問題ないが、チタン、ニオブ、タンタル、シリコ
ン、カーボン、ニッケル、タングステンカーバイド、ジ
ルコニウム、銀などの板、打抜き板、金網、粉末焼結
体、金属繊維焼結体等が好ましく使用できる。電極や集
電体と基板の間には、密度性向上と基板の保護と目的と
して中間層を形成しても良い。この中間層としては、炭
化物、酸化物等がある。基板表面の粗面化は密着性と反
応面積の増大に寄与する。この粗面化時に、ダイヤモン
ド粉末を核として基板表面に付着させておくと均一なダ
イヤモンド層の成長に寄与する。A part of the non-diamond component is generated depending on the method of synthesizing diamond and may be contained in the diamond component. These non-diamond components and other non-corrosion resistant carbon components are consumed by being dissolved in the electrolytic solution and have little practical effect, but it is desirable to remove them by acid washing or the like before use. There is no problem if the material of the current collector is conductive, but plates such as titanium, niobium, tantalum, silicon, carbon, nickel, tungsten carbide, zirconium, and silver, punched plate, wire mesh, powder sintered body, metal fiber A sintered body or the like can be preferably used. An intermediate layer may be formed between the electrode or current collector and the substrate for the purpose of improving the density and protecting the substrate. The intermediate layer includes carbides and oxides. The roughening of the substrate surface contributes to the increase in adhesion and reaction area. If diamond powder is used as nuclei to adhere to the substrate surface during this roughening, it contributes to uniform growth of the diamond layer.
【0013】代表的なダイヤモンド電極製造方法である
熱フィラメント法について説明する。炭素源となるアル
コール等の有機化合物を水素ガス等の還元雰囲気に保
ち、フィラメントを炭素ラジカルが生成する温度1800−
2400℃に加熱する。そして前記雰囲気内に、ダイヤモン
ドが析出する温度領域(750−950℃)になるように集電
体や電極基体を配置する。このときの原料有機化合物の
望ましい水素に対する濃度は0.1−10容量%、供給速度
は反応容器のサイズにも依るが0.01−10リットル/分、
圧力が15−760mmHgである。前記電極基体上には通常0.0
1−1μmの粒径のダイヤモンド微粒子が析出する。こ
のダイヤモンドの層の厚さは操作時間の増減により調節
すれば良く、該厚さは電極基体への電解液の浸入を防ぐ
目的ために0.1−50μmとすることが好ましく、1−10
μmとすることが特に好ましい。The hot filament method, which is a typical diamond electrode manufacturing method, will be described. Keeping organic compounds such as alcohol as a carbon source in a reducing atmosphere such as hydrogen gas, the temperature at which carbon radicals form filaments 1800-
Heat to 2400 ° C. Then, a current collector and an electrode substrate are arranged in the atmosphere so that the temperature range (750 to 950 ° C.) in which diamond is deposited is reached. At this time, the desired concentration of the raw material organic compound with respect to hydrogen is 0.1-10% by volume, and the supply rate is 0.01-10 liters / minute depending on the size of the reaction vessel.
The pressure is 15-760 mmHg. Usually 0.0 on the electrode substrate.
Diamond fine particles having a particle size of 1-1 μm are deposited. The thickness of the diamond layer may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the operating time, and the thickness is preferably 0.1-50 μm for the purpose of preventing the electrolyte solution from entering the electrode substrate.
It is particularly preferable that the thickness is μm.
【0014】良好な導電性を得るためには、原子価の異
なる元素を微量添加することが不可欠であり、ホウ素や
リンの好ましい含有率は1−100000ppmであり、より好
ましい含有率は100−10000ppmである。具体的な化合物
としては、毒性の低い酸化ホウ素や五酸化リンなどがあ
る。無定形酸化珪素との複合物質であるDLN(diamon
d-like nano-composite)なども使用できる。このよう
にして製造したダイヤモンド粒子は前述の通り基体や給
電体上に担持させて通常の電極として使用しても良い
が、流動床や固定床で三次元電極として使用すると、反
応面積が増大して処理能力が向上する。In order to obtain good conductivity, it is indispensable to add a trace amount of elements having different valences, the preferable content of boron or phosphorus is 1-100000 ppm, and the more preferable content is 100-10000 ppm. Is. Specific compounds include boron oxide and phosphorus pentoxide, which have low toxicity. DLN (diamon), which is a composite material with amorphous silicon oxide
You can also use d-like nano-composite). The diamond particles thus produced may be used as a normal electrode by supporting them on a substrate or a power feeding body as described above, but when used as a three-dimensional electrode in a fluidized bed or a fixed bed, the reaction area increases. The processing capacity is improved.
【0015】この導電性ダイヤモンドを陽極として使用
すると、貴金属電極等と同様に陽極液中に水素イオンが
生じて酸性水が生成する。陽極液中に塩酸を添加すると
次亜塩素酸が生成し、又硫酸を添加すると過硫酸が生成
する。又前記導電性ダイヤモンドを陰極として使用する
と、貴金属電極等と同様に陰極液中に水酸イオンが生じ
てアルカリイオン水が生成し、条件によっては過酸化水
素やオゾンあるいはスーパーオキシドラジカルが生成す
る。いずれの場合にも、殺菌力を有する機能水が生成す
るか、有機物等の汚濁物を分解して清澄な水に再生でき
る。後述の実施例に示す通り、優れた殺菌力は大腸菌の
1つであるE.Coliのコロニー数の減少速度から判断さ
れる。本発明の洗浄装置では短時間での処理が可能にな
る。When this conductive diamond is used as an anode, hydrogen ions are generated in the anolyte to produce acidic water as in the case of a noble metal electrode or the like. When hydrochloric acid is added to the anolyte, hypochlorous acid is produced, and when sulfuric acid is added, persulfuric acid is produced. When the above-mentioned conductive diamond is used as a cathode, hydroxide ions are generated in the catholyte to generate alkaline ionized water as in the case of a noble metal electrode, and hydrogen peroxide, ozone or superoxide radicals are generated depending on the conditions. In either case, functional water having bactericidal power is generated, or contaminants such as organic substances are decomposed to be regenerated into clear water. As shown in the examples below, E. coli, which is one of E. coli, has an excellent bactericidal activity. Judging from the rate of decrease in the number of Coli colonies. The cleaning apparatus of the present invention enables processing in a short time.
【0016】原水の電解により生成する酸性水及びアル
カリイオン水中の活性物質を安定に維持するため、中性
隔膜やイオン交換膜を使用して電解槽を陽極室と陰極室
に区画することが望ましい。フッ素樹脂系又は炭化水素
系のイオン交換膜は、陽極又は陰極で生成したイオンが
反対の電極で消費されることを防止するだけでなく、液
の電導度が低い場合に電解を速やかに進行させる。固体
のイオン交換能を有する多孔性材料として、市販のイオ
ン交換樹脂粒子が使用でき、炭化水素系樹脂としてスチ
レン系、アクリル酸系及び芳香族重合体などがあるが、
PTFE系のフッ素樹脂の使用が望ましい。液の均一な
分散と抵抗率を考慮して、空隙率は20〜90%とし、又材
料サイズは0.1〜10mmとすることが好ましい。このよう
な隔膜を使用して電解を行うと、酸性水(陽極液)とア
ルカリイオン水(陰極液)が互いに分離された状態で得
られ、例えば酸性水を洗浄部に供給し、次いでアルカリ
イオン水を供給するようにすると、酸化性洗浄とアルカ
リ性洗浄が繰り返され、効率的な洗浄が可能になる。In order to stably maintain active substances in acidic water and alkaline ionized water produced by electrolysis of raw water, it is desirable to divide the electrolytic cell into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by using a neutral diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane. . Fluororesin-based or hydrocarbon-based ion exchange membranes not only prevent the ions generated at the anode or cathode from being consumed at the opposite electrode, but also accelerate electrolysis when the conductivity of the liquid is low. . Commercially available ion-exchange resin particles can be used as the solid porous material having ion-exchange ability, and as the hydrocarbon-based resin, there are styrene-based, acrylic acid-based, and aromatic polymers.
The use of PTFE-based fluororesin is desirable. Considering the uniform dispersion of the liquid and the resistivity, the porosity is preferably 20 to 90% and the material size is preferably 0.1 to 10 mm. When electrolysis is carried out using such a diaphragm, acidic water (anolyte) and alkaline ionized water (catholyte) are obtained in a state where they are separated from each other. For example, acidic water is supplied to the cleaning unit, and then alkaline ionized water is supplied. When water is supplied, the oxidative cleaning and the alkaline cleaning are repeated to enable efficient cleaning.
【0017】本発明で使用可能な電解槽の材料として
は、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル及びポリエチレン
等の炭化水素系樹脂、ガラスライニング材料、カーボ
ン、耐食性の優れたチタン、ステンレス及びPTFE樹
脂などが好ましい。電解条件は、温度が5〜80℃、好ま
しくは5〜40℃、通常の電極を使用する場合の電流密度
が0.001〜10A/dm2であることが好ましい。電極間距
離はなるべく小さくして抵抗損を低下させることが望ま
しいが、水供給の圧力損失を考慮し、流れ分布を均一に
維持するために0.5〜10mmとすることが好ましい。As the material of the electrolytic cell which can be used in the present invention, hydrocarbon resins such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene, glass lining materials, carbon, titanium having excellent corrosion resistance, stainless steel and PTFE resin are preferable. The electrolysis conditions are such that the temperature is 5 to 80 ° C., preferably 5 to 40 ° C., and the current density when using an ordinary electrode is 0.001 to 10 A / dm 2 . It is desirable to reduce the resistance loss by making the distance between the electrodes as small as possible, but considering the pressure loss of water supply, it is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm in order to maintain a uniform flow distribution.
【0018】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】次に添付図面に基づいて本発明の
洗浄装置の実施形態を説明するが、本発明はこれに限定
されるものではない。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the cleaning apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
【0019】図1は、本発明の洗浄装置で使用可能な電
解槽の一例を示す概略断面図である。箱型の無隔膜電解
槽本体1内には、ドーパントが添加された導電性ダイヤ
モンド被覆が施された5枚の多孔性の金属電極2が収容
され、右端の電極には正電源が接続され、左端の電極に
は負電源が接続されている。電解槽本体1の底面には原
水供給口3が設置され、電解槽本体1の上面には被処理
水取出口4が設置されている。この電解槽本体1に原水
供給口3から水道水等の原水を供給すると、この原水が
前記各金属電極2に接触して電気化学的に処理される。
このときに電極表面に被覆された導電性ダイヤモンドが
内部の物質を溶出させることなく、原水を処理して機能
水のような被処理水を生成させる。従って従来のような
不純物を含有する洗浄水ではなく、実質的に不純物を含
有しない被処理水が得られ、この被処理水を被処理水取
出口4から取出して洗浄装置に導き洗浄に使用すると、
効果的な洗浄が実行できる。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an electrolytic cell which can be used in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention. In the box-shaped diaphragmless electrolytic cell body 1, five porous metal electrodes 2 coated with a conductive diamond doped with a dopant are accommodated, and a positive power source is connected to the right end electrode, A negative power source is connected to the leftmost electrode. A raw water supply port 3 is installed on the bottom surface of the electrolytic cell body 1, and a treated water outlet 4 is installed on the top surface of the electrolytic cell body 1. When raw water such as tap water is supplied to the electrolytic cell body 1 from the raw water supply port 3, the raw water comes into contact with the metal electrodes 2 and is electrochemically treated.
At this time, the conductive diamond coated on the surface of the electrode treats the raw water to generate treated water such as functional water without eluting the substance inside. Therefore, treated water containing substantially no impurities is obtained instead of the conventional washing water containing impurities, and when this treated water is taken out from the treated water outlet 4 and guided to the washing device for use in washing. ,
Effective cleaning can be performed.
【0020】図2は、本発明の洗浄装置で使用可能な電
解槽の他の例を示す概略断面図である。箱型の隔膜電解
槽本体5には、上下端が本体5の上面及び底面に接触す
るように設置された隔膜6により、ドーパントが添加さ
れた導電性ダイヤモンド被覆が施された多孔性の陽極7
が収容された陽極室8と、炭素質材料で形成されたガス
拡散陰極9を有する陰極室10に区画され、この陰極室10
は前記ガス拡散陰極9により、更に溶液室11とガス室12
に区画されている。電解槽本体5の陽極室8の底面には
陽極液供給口13が又溶液室11の底面には陰極液供給口14
がそれぞれ設置され、又電解槽本体5の陽極室8の上面
には陽極液取出口15が又溶液室11の上面には陰極液取出
口16がそれぞれ設置されている。更にガス室12の上面及
び底面にはそれぞれ酸素含有ガス供給口17及び廃ガス取
出口18が設置されている。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the electrolytic cell which can be used in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention. In the box-type diaphragm electrolyzer body 5, a porous anode 7 coated with a conductive diamond doped with a dopant is provided by a diaphragm 6 installed so that its upper and lower ends are in contact with the top and bottom surfaces of the body 5.
And a cathode chamber 10 having a gas diffusion cathode 9 made of a carbonaceous material.
Is a solution chamber 11 and a gas chamber 12 by the gas diffusion cathode 9.
It is divided into An anolyte supply port 13 is provided on the bottom of the anode chamber 8 of the electrolytic cell body 5, and a catholyte supply port 14 is provided on the bottom of the solution chamber 11.
And an anolyte outlet 15 on the upper surface of the anode chamber 8 of the electrolytic cell body 5, and a catholyte outlet 16 on the upper surface of the solution chamber 11. Further, an oxygen-containing gas supply port 17 and a waste gas outlet 18 are installed on the top and bottom of the gas chamber 12, respectively.
【0021】この電解槽本体5の陽極室8及び溶液室11
に水道水を供給し、ガス室12に酸素含有ガスを供給しな
がら陽極7及びガス拡散陰極9間に通電すると、陽極室
8では酸性水が、又溶液室11ではアルカリイオン水が生
成する。このときガス室12に供給される酸素含有ガス
は、ガス拡散陰極9の表面から内部に浸透し、陰極9内
の水素イオンと反応して水を生成する。生成した酸性水
及びアルカリイオン水は、それぞれ陽極液取出口15及び
陰極液取出口16から取出されて洗浄装置に供給される。Anode chamber 8 and solution chamber 11 of this electrolytic cell body 5
When tap water is supplied to the gas chamber 12 and an oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the gas chamber 12, when electricity is applied between the anode 7 and the gas diffusion cathode 9, acidic water is produced in the anode chamber 8 and alkaline ionized water is produced in the solution chamber 11. At this time, the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the gas chamber 12 permeates from the surface of the gas diffusion cathode 9 to the inside and reacts with hydrogen ions in the cathode 9 to generate water. The generated acidic water and alkaline ionized water are respectively taken out from the anolyte outlet port 15 and the catholyte outlet port 16 and supplied to the cleaning device.
【0022】図3は、本発明の電解槽を有する洗濯機の
例を示す概略断面図である。1槽式洗濯機17の洗濯槽18
には、底面に回転自在に軸支された回転翼19が収容さ
れ、この回転翼19が回転することにより、洗濯槽18内の
洗浄水20に水流を発生させて、洗濯機18内の洗濯物の洗
濯やすすぎを行う。洗濯槽18内の洗浄水20は使用により
汚濁されるが、この洗浄水は洗濯槽18底面の洗浄水取出
しライン21のバルブ22を開放することにより取出され、
フィルター23で不純物を除去された後、電解槽24内に導
かれる。この電解槽24には、その表面に導電性ダイヤモ
ンドが被覆された陽極25及び陰極26が収容され、洗浄水
はこの電解槽24で電気化学的に処理され再生されて、電
解槽24から取り出され、循環ライン27を通して洗濯槽18
内に戻される。FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a washing machine having the electrolytic bath of the present invention. Washing tub 18 of one-tub type washing machine 17
The rotary blade 19 rotatably supported on the bottom is housed in the bottom of the washing machine, and by rotating the rotary blade 19, a water flow is generated in the wash water 20 in the washing tub 18 to wash the laundry in the washing machine 18. Wash and rinse items. The washing water 20 in the washing tub 18 is polluted by the use, and this washing water is taken out by opening the valve 22 of the washing water taking-out line 21 on the bottom of the washing tub 18,
After the impurities are removed by the filter 23, the impurities are introduced into the electrolytic cell 24. The electrolytic cell 24 contains an anode 25 and a cathode 26 whose surfaces are coated with conductive diamond, and the cleaning water is electrochemically treated and regenerated in the electrolytic cell 24, and is taken out from the electrolytic cell 24. , Washing tub 18 through circulation line 27
Returned inside.
【0023】次に導電性ダイヤモンド電極を使用する洗
浄水生成及びこの洗浄水による洗浄に関する実施例及び
比較例を記載するが、これらは本発明を限定するもので
はない。Next, examples and comparative examples relating to generation of cleaning water using a conductive diamond electrode and cleaning with this cleaning water will be described, but these do not limit the present invention.
【0024】実施例1
ホウ素を1000ppmドープした導電性ダイヤモンド触媒を
被覆したニオブ製の板(厚さ1mm)を5枚用い、電極間
距離が2mm、電解有効面積が120cm2となるように設置
し、図1に示す電解槽(容量約10リットル)を構成し
た。この電解槽を、0.3g/リットルの食塩を含む水道
水で満たし、電解槽内を攪拌しながら1Aの電流を15分
間流したところ、全体のセル電圧は48Vであり、電解槽
内で15ppmの有効塩素が電流効率約10%で得られた。200
時間の連続運転を行ったところ、電流効率は初期と等し
い10%を維持し、セル電圧は 50Vに上昇した。運転停
止後に陰極表面を観察したところ、カルシウム化合物及
びマグネシウム化合物の析出が見られた。又陽極表面に
は僅少量のシリカの析出が見られた。 Example 1 Five niobium plates (thickness: 1 mm) coated with a conductive diamond catalyst doped with 1000 ppm of boron were placed so that the distance between electrodes was 2 mm and the effective electrolysis area was 120 cm 2. The electrolytic cell (capacity of about 10 liters) shown in FIG. 1 was constructed. The electrolytic cell was filled with tap water containing 0.3 g / liter of salt, and a current of 1 A was passed for 15 minutes while stirring the electrolytic cell. The total cell voltage was 48 V, and the total cell voltage was 15 ppm in the electrolytic cell. Effective chlorine was obtained with current efficiency of about 10%. 200
After continuous operation for a period of time, the current efficiency was maintained at 10%, which was equal to the initial value, and the cell voltage was increased to 50V. When the cathode surface was observed after the operation was stopped, precipitation of calcium compounds and magnesium compounds was observed. Also, a small amount of silica was found to be deposited on the surface of the anode.
【0025】実施例2
実施例1の電解槽を10分ごとに電流の向きを反転させて
20時間の連続運転に供したところ、電流効率は初期と等
しい10%を維持し、セル電圧は49Vに上昇した。運転停
止後に陰極表面を観察したところ、カルシウム化合物及
びマグネシウム化合物の析出が見られなかった。又陽極
表面には僅少量のシリカの析出が確認された。 Example 2 In the electrolytic cell of Example 1, the current direction was reversed every 10 minutes.
When subjected to continuous operation for 20 hours, the current efficiency was maintained at 10%, which was equal to the initial value, and the cell voltage rose to 49V. When the cathode surface was observed after the operation was stopped, precipitation of calcium compounds and magnesium compounds was not observed. In addition, a small amount of silica was confirmed to be deposited on the surface of the anode.
【0026】実施例3
実施例1の電極2枚を用い、電極間距離が2mm、電解有
効面積が120cm2となるように設置して電解槽(容量約10
リットル)を構成した。この電解槽を、0.6g/リット
ルの硫酸ナトリウム水溶液で満たし、電解槽内を攪拌し
ながら5Aの電流を15分間流したところ、セル電圧は14
Vであり、電解槽内で9ppmの過硫酸イオンが電流効率
約2%で得られた。200時間の連続運転を行ったとこ
ろ、電流効率は初期と等しい2%を維持し、セル電圧は
15Vに上昇した。運転停止後に陰極表面を観察したとこ
ろ、カルシウム化合物及びマグネシウム化合物の析出が
見られた。又陽極表面には僅少量のシリカの析出が見ら
れた。 Example 3 Two electrodes of Example 1 were used and placed so that the distance between the electrodes was 2 mm and the effective electrolysis area was 120 cm 2.
Liter). The electrolytic cell was filled with a 0.6 g / liter sodium sulfate aqueous solution, and a current of 5 A was passed for 15 minutes while stirring the electrolytic cell, and the cell voltage was 14
V, and 9 ppm of persulfate ion was obtained in the electrolytic cell with a current efficiency of about 2%. After 200 hours of continuous operation, the current efficiency was maintained at 2%, the same as the initial value, and the cell voltage was
It rose to 15V. When the cathode surface was observed after the operation was stopped, precipitation of calcium compounds and magnesium compounds was observed. Also, a small amount of silica was found to be deposited on the surface of the anode.
【0027】実施例4
硫酸ナトリウム水溶液の替わりに、塩化物イオン10ppm
及び硫酸イオン2ppmを含む水道水を使用したこと以外
は実施例3と同様にして電解槽を構成し、電解槽内を攪
拌しながら1Aの電流を流したところ、セル電圧は20V
であり、電解槽の出口から有効塩素などの酸化性物質が
5ppm得られた(電流効率3%)。 Example 4 Instead of the sodium sulfate aqueous solution, chloride ion 10 ppm
And an electrolytic cell was constructed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that tap water containing 2 ppm of sulfate ion was used, and a current of 1 A was applied while stirring the inside of the electrolytic cell. The cell voltage was 20 V.
Thus, 5 ppm of oxidizing substances such as available chlorine were obtained from the outlet of the electrolytic cell (current efficiency 3%).
【0028】実施例5
陽極として実施例1の導電性ダイヤモンド電極を、又陰
極として、黒鉛粉末(東海カーボン株式会社製TGP−
2)をPTFE樹脂と混練し、330℃で焼成した厚さ0.5
mmのシートをそれぞれ使用した。電極間距離を2mmと
し、中性隔膜(商品名:ユミクロン)を前記電極間に挟
み、電解有効面積が120cm2となるように図2に示す3室
型電解槽を構成した。この電解槽を、0.3g/リットル
の食塩を含む水道水で満たし、空気をガス室に500ml/
分で供給しかつ電解槽内を攪拌しながら5Aの電流を15
分間流したところ、全体のセル電圧は12Vであり、電解
槽内で12ppmの有効塩素が電流効率約9%で得られ、更
に7ppmの過酸化水素が電流効率約10%で得られた。 Example 5 The conductive diamond electrode of Example 1 was used as an anode, and graphite powder (TGP-manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.) was used as a cathode.
2) was kneaded with PTFE resin and baked at 330 ° C to a thickness of 0.5
mm sheets were used respectively. The distance between the electrodes was set to 2 mm, a neutral diaphragm (trade name: Yumicron) was sandwiched between the electrodes, and the three-chamber type electrolytic cell shown in FIG. 2 was constructed so that the effective electrolysis area was 120 cm 2 . The electrolytic cell was filled with tap water containing 0.3 g / liter of salt, and air was supplied to the gas chamber at 500 ml /
While supplying 5 minutes and stirring the inside of the electrolytic cell at a current of 5 A
After flowing for a minute, the total cell voltage was 12 V, 12 ppm of available chlorine was obtained in the electrolytic cell at a current efficiency of about 9%, and further 7 ppm of hydrogen peroxide was obtained at a current efficiency of about 10%.
【0029】実施例6
硫酸イオン2ppmを含む水道水を使用したこと以外は実
施例4と同様にして電解槽を構成し、実施例4と同じ条
件で水道水中のE.Coliのコロニー数の変化を測定し
た。初期のコロニー数(CFU/cm3)は106以上であっ
たが、その減少は対数的に進行し、101程度まで殺菌す
るために20分の時間を要した。電解により生成した有効
塩素濃度は0.3ppmであった。 Example 6 An electrolytic cell was constructed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that tap water containing 2 ppm of sulfate ions was used, and E. coli in tap water was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 4. The change in the number of colonies of Coli was measured. The initial number of colonies (CFU / cm 3 ) was 10 6 or more, but the decrease proceeded logarithmically, and it took 20 minutes to sterilize it to about 10 1 . The effective chlorine concentration generated by electrolysis was 0.3 ppm.
【0030】比較例1
実施例6の水道水に次亜塩素酸0.3ppmを添加し、E.Co
liのコロニー数の変化を測定した。初期の106以上のコ
ロニー数は対数的に減少したが、101程度まで殺菌する
ために60分の時間を要した。 Comparative Example 1 To the tap water of Example 6 was added 0.3 ppm of hypochlorous acid, and E. Co
The change in the number of li colonies was measured. The number of colonies above 10 6 decreased logarithmically, but it took 60 minutes to sterilize it to about 10 1 .
【0031】実施例7
初期のコロニー数が107以上であること以外は、実施例
4と同じ条件でE.Coliのコロニー数の変化を測定し
た。初期のコロニー数(107以上)は電解により約102ま
で減少した。 Example 7 E. coli under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the initial number of colonies was 10 7 or more. The change in the number of colonies of Coli was measured. The initial number of colonies (more than 10 7 ) was reduced to about 10 2 by electrolysis.
【0032】比較例2
導電性ダイヤモンド電極を白金電極に替えたこと以外は
実施例7と同じ条件でE.Coliのコロニー数の変化を測
定した。初期の107以上のコロニー数は106程度までにし
か減少しなかった。 Comparative Example 2 Under the same conditions as in Example 7, except that the conductive diamond electrode was replaced by a platinum electrode, E. The change in the number of colonies of Coli was measured. The number of colonies over 10 7 in the initial stage was reduced only to about 10 6 .
【0033】比較例3
導電性ダイヤモンド電極を酸化イリジウム電極に替えた
こと以外は実施例7と同じ条件でE.Coliのコロニー数
の変化を測定した。初期の107以上のコロニー数は106程
度までにしか減少しなかった。 Comparative Example 3 Under the same conditions as in Example 7, except that the conductive diamond electrode was replaced with an iridium oxide electrode, E. The change in the number of colonies of Coli was measured. The number of colonies over 10 7 in the initial stage was reduced only to about 10 6 .
【0034】[0034]
【発明の効果】本発明は、少なくとも一方がその表面に
導電性ダイヤモンドを含有する陽極及び陰極を含む洗浄
水生成部を有し、原水を該洗浄水生成部で電気化学的に
処理して洗浄水を生成させ、該洗浄水を使用して被洗浄
物の洗浄を行うことを特徴とする洗浄装置である。本発
明によると、安価で安定な電極を使用して実質的に不純
物を含有しない洗浄水を生成させ、この洗浄水を利用し
て各種洗浄を行い得る洗浄装置が提供できる。従来の洗
浄水生成用の貴金属電極等と比較して、本発明の洗浄装
置で使用される導電性ダイヤモンド電極は洗浄力の強い
洗浄水を生成できるため、この洗浄水を使用する洗濯機
や食器洗浄器の洗浄効率が高くなり、従来にない洗浄性
能の洗浄装置が得られる。更に前記導電性ダイヤモンド
は被覆体と機能して電極物質の溶出を抑制する効果を有
し、前述の導電性ダイヤモンド自体の有する洗浄力上昇
効果と相俟ってより洗浄効果の高い洗浄装置が得られ
る。そのため従来の装置よりも小型化が可能になり、導
電性ダイヤモンド電極を使用することにより、省スペー
ス及び省電力が達成でき、経済性を改善できる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, at least one of the surfaces has a cleaning water generating part including an anode and a cathode containing conductive diamond, and raw water is electrochemically treated in the cleaning water generating part for cleaning. It is a cleaning device characterized in that water is generated and an object to be cleaned is cleaned using the cleaning water. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cleaning apparatus that can generate cleaning water containing substantially no impurities by using an inexpensive and stable electrode and perform various cleaning using the cleaning water. Compared with conventional noble metal electrodes for generating cleaning water, the conductive diamond electrode used in the cleaning device of the present invention can generate cleaning water having a strong cleaning power, and thus washing machines and tableware using this cleaning water can be used. The cleaning efficiency of the cleaning device is increased, and a cleaning device having a cleaning performance that has never been obtained can be obtained. Further, the conductive diamond has an effect of suppressing the elution of the electrode substance by functioning as a coating, and in combination with the effect of increasing the cleaning power of the conductive diamond itself, a cleaning device having a higher cleaning effect can be obtained. To be Therefore, the device can be made smaller than the conventional device, and by using the conductive diamond electrode, space saving and power saving can be achieved, and the economical efficiency can be improved.
【0035】本発明の洗浄装置の洗浄水生成部(電解
槽)を隔膜で陽極室及び陰極室に区画し、陽極水及び陰
極水を別個に被洗浄物の洗浄に使用すると、単一の洗浄
水生成部で2種類の被洗浄物を洗浄する洗浄水が得られ
るため好都合である。本発明の洗浄装置は、未使用の原
水の電気化学的処理に使用しても、使用して汚濁物を含
有するようになった水の再生処理に使用しても良い。When the cleaning water generating part (electrolytic cell) of the cleaning apparatus of the present invention is divided into the anode chamber and the cathode chamber by the diaphragm and the anode water and the cathode water are separately used for cleaning the object to be cleaned, a single cleaning is performed. This is convenient because washing water for washing two kinds of objects to be washed can be obtained in the water producing section. The cleaning apparatus of the present invention may be used for the electrochemical treatment of unused raw water or for the regeneration treatment of water that has been used to contain pollutants.
【図1】本発明の洗浄装置で使用可能な電解槽の一例を
示す概略断面図。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an electrolytic cell that can be used in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention.
【図2】同じく他の例を示す概略断面図。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the same.
【図3】本発明の電解槽を有する洗濯機の例を示す概略
断面図。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a washing machine having the electrolytic bath of the present invention.
1 無隔膜電解槽本体 2 金属電極 5 隔膜電解槽本体 6 隔膜 7 陽極 8 陽極室 9 ガス拡散陰極 10 陰極室 11 溶液室 12 ガス室 17 洗濯機 18 洗濯槽 19 回転翼 20 洗浄水 23 フィルター 24 電解槽 25 陽極 26 陰極 1 Non-diaphragm electrolytic cell body 2 metal electrodes 5 diaphragm electrolyzer body 6 diaphragm 7 Anode 8 Anode chamber 9 Gas diffusion cathode 10 Cathode chamber 11 Solution chamber 12 gas chamber 17 washing machine 18 washing tub 19 rotors 20 Wash water 23 filters 24 Electrolyzer 25 anode 26 cathode
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) C25B 11/06 C25B 11/12 4K021 11/12 D06F 39/08 301Z D06F 39/08 301 C25B 9/00 A (72)発明者 古田 常人 神奈川県藤沢市遠藤733−2 Fターム(参考) 3B082 BD01 3B155 AA01 AA03 BB08 BB09 FD00 3B201 AA21 AA46 AA47 AB32 BB02 BB87 BB92 CC01 CD22 4D061 DA03 DB07 EA02 EB05 EB12 EB31 ED12 ED13 4K011 AA04 AA10 AA11 AA14 AA20 AA21 AA22 AA23 AA24 AA29 CA04 DA01 4K021 AA03 AA09 BA01 BA03 BA17 BC03 DA03 DA13 DB03 DB05 DB12 DB16 DB18 DB31 DC15─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) C25B 11/06 C25B 11/12 4K021 11/12 D06F 39/08 301Z D06F 39/08 301 C25B 9/00 A (72) Inventor Tsuneto Furuta 733-2 F Term Endo, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture (reference) 3B082 BD01 3B155 AA01 AA03 BB08 BB09 FD00 3B201 AA21 AA46 AA47 AB32 BB02 BB87 BB92 CC01 CD22 4D061 DA03 DB07 EA02 EB13 A01 EB31 ED12 EB31 EB12 EB31 ED12 EB31 EB12 EB31 EB12 EB31 ED12 EB31 ED12 EB31 ED12 EB31 EB12 EB31 ED12 EB31 EB12 EB31 EB12 ED05 EB12 ED05 EB12 EB31 ED12 EB31 EB12 ED05 EB12 EB31 ED12 EB01 EB12 ED05 ED02 EB03 ED12 ED05 EB02 ED03 ED05 ED02 ED02 ED03 ED05 ED02 ED02 ED02 ED03 ED ED AA11 AA14 AA20 AA21 AA22 AA23 AA24 AA29 CA04 DA01 4K021 AA03 AA09 BA01 BA03 BA17 BC03 DA03 DA13 DB03 DB05 DB12 DB16 DB18 DB31 DC15
Claims (5)
ヤモンドを含有する陽極及び陰極を含む洗浄水生成部を
有し、原水を該洗浄水生成部で電気化学的に処理して洗
浄水を生成させ、該洗浄水を使用して被洗浄物の洗浄を
行うことを特徴とする洗浄装置。1. At least one of the surfaces has a cleaning water generating part including an anode and a cathode containing conductive diamond, and raw water is electrochemically treated in the cleaning water generating part to generate cleaning water. A cleaning device for cleaning an object to be cleaned using the cleaning water.
の洗浄装置。2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning device is a washing machine.
記載の洗浄装置。3. The cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning device is a dishwasher.
に区画し、陽極水及び陰極水を別個に被洗浄物の洗浄に
使用する請求項1に記載の洗浄装置。4. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning water generating section is divided by a diaphragm into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and the anode water and the cathode water are separately used for cleaning an object to be cleaned.
面に導電性ダイヤモンドを含有する陽極及び陰極を含む
洗浄水再生部を有し、洗浄用本体内の洗浄水を前記洗浄
水再生部に導きかつ電気化学的に処理して洗浄水を再生
し、再生した洗浄水を洗浄用本体に循環することを特徴
とする洗浄装置。5. A cleaning main body and a cleaning water regenerating unit including at least one of an anode and a cathode containing conductive diamond on the surface thereof, and guiding the cleaning water in the cleaning main body to the cleaning water regenerating unit. In addition, a cleaning device characterized in that the cleaning water is electrochemically treated to regenerate the cleaning water, and the regenerated cleaning water is circulated to the cleaning body.
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