JP2003206755A - Gas turbine device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable gas turbine device capable of reducing manhours for maintenance. <P>SOLUTION: A gas turbine engine, which rotatively drives a turbine by mixing air with fuel and burning it, is equipped with a means which automatically performs the calibration of a fuel flow control valve controlling the amount of fuel supply. The means which automatically performs the calibration of the fuel flow control valve detects the difference between the command value of a valve opening at the ignition of the gas turbine engine and a theoretical valve opening value from the air-fuel ratio at the ignition. The theoretical valve opening value from the air-fuel ratio at the ignition of the gas turbine is corrected based on a air temperature mixed with fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas turbine device, and more particularly to a control method for controlling a fuel control valve of a gas turbine engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A general gas turbine apparatus includes a turbine rotatably mounted via a rotary shaft, a combustor for generating combustion gas, and a fuel adjustment for adjusting a fuel supply amount to the combustor. It has a valve and an air compressor for compressing air.

In the above structure, the fuel adjusted by the fuel adjusting valve and the air compressed by the air compressor are supplied to the combustor, and the combustor forms a mixture of compressed air and fuel. Then, in the combustor, the air-fuel mixture is combusted to generate combustion gas, and the combustion gas is supplied to the turbine, whereby the turbine rotates at high speed.

In such a gas turbine system,
By controlling the valve opening of the fuel control valve, various operation controls such as start-up control or constant speed operation control are performed. For example, when the load suddenly decreases, it is necessary to drastically reduce the fuel supply amount in order to maintain constant speed operation. However, if the fuel supply amount is reduced below a certain amount, combustion in the engine will stop There is. Therefore, even in such a case, the valve opening degree of the fuel control valve is controlled so as to secure a constant fuel supply amount.

[0005]

However, the command valve opening of the fuel control valve and the actual valve opening may not always match. That is, in a new fuel control valve, a product error may cause a gradual deviation between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening during use. Then, if the valve opening degree is commanded by the control device without recognizing this deviation, the valve opening degree according to the command value cannot be obtained, and in the worst case, the problem such as blowout will occur.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine apparatus having high reliability and capable of reducing the maintenance labor.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the gas turbine apparatus of the present invention is a gas turbine engine for rotating and driving a gas turbine by mixing air and fuel for combustion. A means for automatically calibrating the fuel control valve for controlling the supply amount of the fuel is provided.

In this case, the means for automatically calibrating the fuel control valve calculates the difference between the valve opening command value at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine and the theoretical valve opening from the air-fuel ratio at that time. What is detected is preferable. Also,
The theoretical valve opening from the air-fuel ratio at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine is preferably corrected based on the temperature of air mixed with the fuel.

Further, the gas turbine engine control method of the present invention is a gas turbine engine for rotating and driving a gas turbine by mixing air and fuel for combustion, and a fuel control valve at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine. Of the actual valve opening and the valve opening command value at that time is detected,
The valve opening of the fuel control valve is calibrated based on the difference to control the fuel supply amount.

According to the present invention thus constructed, the means for automatically calibrating the fuel control valve for controlling the fuel supply amount is provided, so that the fuel control valve can be used in the operation control of the gas turbine engine. Even if there is a difference between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening, it is possible to calibrate this and perform correct control. As a result, it is possible to provide a highly reliable gas turbine device with reduced maintenance work.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a gas turbine device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the gas turbine device of this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine apparatus according to this embodiment includes a turbine 1, a combustor 2 for supplying combustion gas to the turbine 1, and a fuel adjustment for adjusting the amount of fuel supplied to the combustor 2. A valve 14, an air compressor 3 that supplies compressed air to the combustor 2, and a control device 13 that controls the turbine 1 are provided.

The turbine 1 has a plurality of rotary blades (not shown) for receiving fluid and rotating, is housed in a casing (not shown), and is rotatably supported via a rotary shaft 6. . The air compressor 3 is configured to be driven by the turbine 1 via the rotating shaft 6 to compress air.
The air compressor 3 is connected to the combustor 2 via a pipe 7, and the air compressed by the air compressor 3 is supplied to the combustor 2 via the pipe 7. A regeneration heat exchanger 4 is installed in the middle of the pipe 7, and the compressed air discharged from the air compressor is heated by the regeneration heat exchanger 4 and then supplied to the combustor 2. Has become.

The fuel control valve 14 is arranged upstream of the combustor 2, and the fuel supplied from a fuel supply source (not shown) is
After passing through the fuel control valve 14, it is supplied to the combustor 2. The fuel control valve 14 is configured such that the opening of the valve is variable, and the amount of fuel supplied to the combustor 2 is adjusted by operating the opening of this valve.

The fuel and compressed air supplied to the combustor 2 form an air-fuel mixture in the combustor 2 and are burned.
Then, by supplying the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas to the turbine 1, the turbine 1 rotates at high speed.

This gas turbine system is equipped with various sensors, and the control unit 13 controls the valve opening of the fuel control valve 14 based on these signals. Rotation sensor 1
Reference numeral 2 detects the speed of the rotating shaft, and the valve opening of the fuel control valve is feedback-controlled so that the rotating speed becomes constant during constant speed operation. Further, when the gas turbine device is started, the valve opening degree of the fuel control valve is similarly feedback-controlled so that the acceleration obtained by differentiating the detected rotation speed becomes a predetermined value. An EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) sensor 16 is provided at the combustion gas discharge portion of the gas turbine to measure the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the turbine. Then, the fuel control valve 14 is controlled so that the temperature does not rise excessively.

A CIT (Combustor Intake T) is provided on the outlet side of the regenerative heat exchanger 4 for preheating the compressed air and on the inlet side of the combustor 2.
emperature) sensor 17 is arranged. This CIT
The sensor 17 measures the temperature of intake air introduced into the combustor, and plays an important role in detecting whether the engine is cold (cold state) or hot (hot state) at startup. Fulfill. As a result, for example, the air-fuel ratio during ignition at startup is controlled.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening of the fuel control valve according to the embodiment of the present invention. A solid line A in the drawing is, for example, a fuel control valve in a normal state, and the command valve opening degree and the actual valve opening degree coincide with each other. That is, for example, when the command valve opening degree of 40% is given from the control device, the fuel control valve 14 operates so that the actual valve opening degree becomes 40%. However, the fuel control valve 14 may deviate from the actual valve opening with respect to the command valve opening with the lapse of usage time. The dotted line B shows an example of the case where such a shift C occurs, and shows, for example, the case where the command valve opening is 40% and the actual valve opening is only 35%.
As described above, in such a fuel control valve, the operation according to the control command is not performed and the control operation becomes unstable.

FIG. 3 shows a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a deviation C (see FIG. 2) between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening is automatically detected and automatically calibrated. Equipped with means. That is, in the control device of the present invention, the calibration value corresponding to the deviation C is corrected with respect to the command valve opening, and the corrected valve opening command value is obtained. That is, assuming that the deviation C is 5% when the command valve opening is 40%, for example,
The command valve opening degree to which the amount is added is given to the fuel control valve, and the actual valve opening degree of the fuel control valve is 40% as the original command value.
%. As described above, in the gas turbine device of the present invention, the deviation C between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening is C in the fuel control valve.
Even if the error occurs, it is automatically detected, and a bias is given to necessary control items based on the detected result, and correction is performed so that the correct actual valve opening can be obtained regardless of the presence of the deviation C. Is running.

Next, the detection of the deviation C between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 shows the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) when the engine is started,
Valve opening (FCV) of fuel control valve, and rotation speed (N
R) are shown respectively. When the engine is started, first, the motor is used to increase the rotation speed (NR) to a constant speed. Then, after accelerating to a constant speed, the fuel control valve (FCV) is opened, and the valve opening is gradually increased while operating the igniter plug. The engine ignites when a certain air-fuel ratio is reached by gradually increasing the valve opening. As a result, the combustion of the fuel gas starts, the combustion gas is supplied to the turbine, and the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases.

This ignition is detected by detecting the combustion exhaust gas temperature (EG
It can be detected by a rapid rise in T). At this time, the valve opening command value of the fuel control valve (FCV) is detected. After the ignition is detected, the valve opening of the fuel control valve is maintained at the constant value at that time. From these detections, the command valve opening degree and the rotation speed (NR) of the fuel control valve (FCV) at the time of ignition can be obtained, and the air-fuel ratio at this time can be calculated.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the combustor intake air temperature (CIT) and the theoretical valve opening at the theoretical air-fuel ratio at ignition, that is, the theoretical air-fuel ratio at ignition is the combustor intake air temperature. It is a function of (CIT), and the intake air temperature becomes low and the theoretical valve opening becomes high when the engine is cold (at cold start). Conversely, when the engine is restarted in a hot state (at the time of hot start), the combustor intake air temperature tends to be high and the theoretical valve opening degree tends to be low.

The air-fuel ratio is the ratio of the air amount to the fuel amount, the air amount is proportional to the rotation speed, and the fuel amount is proportional to the valve opening. The ignitable air-fuel ratio depends on the combustor intake air temperature, and when the number of revolutions is fixed, there is a theoretical valve opening corresponding to the combustor intake air temperature. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the air intake temperature at the rotational speed (NR) at ignition and the theoretical valve opening based on the theoretical air-fuel ratio at ignition in FIG. Therefore, when the intake air temperature (CIT) at the time of ignition is given, the theoretical valve opening corresponding to this is obtained. Therefore, at the time of ignition obtained from the detection of a sudden rise in exhaust gas temperature (EGT), the difference between the command valve opening and the theoretical valve opening corresponding to the combustor intake air temperature at that time corresponds to the deviation C. A calibration value can be obtained by calculating the deviation C.

By correcting the calibration value thus obtained with respect to the command valve opening as shown in FIG. 3, even if there is a deviation in the valve opening of the fuel adjustment valve, it can be corrected. Corrective control can be performed. Such a calibration value is particularly effective in setting a command valve opening degree for preventing the ignition state of the engine from being blown out. That is, if there is a deviation between the command valve opening of the fuel adjustment valve and the actual valve opening, the valve opening that determines the minimum fuel amount that can maintain the ignition state cannot be held accurately. Even if there is an error between the command value and the actual value of the valve opening, the correct actual valve opening can be obtained by correcting this. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a problem such as blowout due to this error, and it is possible to enhance the reliability of the gas turbine device.

Further, when a deviation between the command valve opening of the fuel adjusting valve and the actual valve opening occurs, it is necessary to replace or repair the valve conventionally. However, according to the present invention, the calibration value is detected. Therefore, by correcting the deviation between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening of the fuel control valve, it is not necessary to repair or replace even if there is a deviation.

Further, by managing this deviation (calibration value), if the deviation is extremely large, it is preferable to issue an alarm and replace or repair the fuel adjustment valve.

The gas turbine apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned illustrated examples, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Even if there is a deviation between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening of the fuel adjustment valve, this can be automatically corrected and correct control operation can be performed. Further, even if there is a deviation between the command valve opening and the actual valve opening of the fuel adjusting valve, this is automatically corrected, so that the trouble of repairing or replacing the fuel adjusting valve can be reduced. . Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable gas turbine device that does not require maintenance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a gas turbine device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a command valve opening degree of a fuel control valve and an actual valve opening degree.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control device for a fuel control valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of an exhaust gas temperature (EGT) at engine startup, a valve opening (FCV) of a fuel adjustment valve, and a rotation speed (NR) near an ignition point at engine startup.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between intake air temperature (CIT) and a theoretical valve opening degree of a fuel control valve based on a theoretical air-fuel ratio at the time of ignition.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 turbine 2 Combustor 3 air compressor 4 Regenerative heat exchanger 5 generator 6 rotation axes 7 piping 12 Rotation sensor 13 Control device 14 Fuel control valve 16 EGT sensor 17 CIT sensor

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masahiro Miyamoto             11-1 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Inside the EBARA CORPORATION (72) Inventor Masafumi Kataoka             11-1 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Inside the EBARA CORPORATION (72) Inventor Yasushi Furuya             11-1 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Inside the EBARA CORPORATION

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A gas turbine engine that rotationally drives a gas turbine by mixing air and fuel and burning the mixture, comprising means for automatically calibrating a fuel control valve that controls the supply amount of the fuel. A gas turbine device characterized in that 2. A means for automatically calibrating the fuel control valve detects a difference between a valve opening command value at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine and a theoretical valve opening from an air-fuel ratio at that time. The gas turbine device according to claim 1, wherein the gas turbine device is a gas turbine device. 3. The gas turbine apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the theoretical valve opening from the air-fuel ratio at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine is corrected based on the temperature of air mixed with the fuel. 4. In a gas turbine engine that drives a gas turbine to rotate by mixing air and fuel and burning the mixture, the actual valve opening of the fuel control valve at the time of ignition of the gas turbine engine and the valve at that time. A method for controlling a gas turbine engine, which detects a difference from an opening command value, calibrates a valve opening of a fuel control valve based on the difference, and controls a fuel supply amount.