JP2003185831A - Color filter and method for manufacturing the same, liquid crystal device and method for manufacturing the same, and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make color visibility adjustable for individual display units, for example for individual dots, in a color display realized by using a color filter. <P>SOLUTION: The color filter 16 comprises coloring films 26 consisting of a plurality of dots formed on a substrate 7a. At least one out of the coloring films 26 consisting of a plurality of the dots is formed by laminating a first film 28 and a second film 29 with mutually different color characteristics. Furthermore, the ratio of film thickness of the first film 28 to that of the second film 29 varies within the coloring film 26 of one dot. Also the coloring film 26 of the one dot can be formed by making the first film 28 and the second film be adjacent to each other and, at the same time, color characteristics of the first and the second films 28, 29 can be made to be different from each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color filter formed by forming a plurality of colored films on a substrate and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention also relates to a liquid crystal device configured by using the color filter and a manufacturing method thereof. Also,
The present invention relates to an electronic device configured using the liquid crystal device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, liquid crystal devices are widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, wrist watches, and portable computers. For example, it is used as a display unit for displaying images such as characters, numbers, and figures. Further, current liquid crystal devices often display images in full color, and in that case, a color filter is provided inside the liquid crystal device.

A color filter is generally R, which is the three primary colors of additive color mixture, on the surface of a substrate constituting a liquid crystal device.
It is formed by arranging colored films of respective colors of (red), G (green), and B (blue) in a predetermined array pattern, for example, stripe array, delta array, mosaic array, or the like.

By the way, as a display form in a liquid crystal device, a reflection type display utilizing external light such as sunlight and room light, a transmissive display using an illuminating device as a backlight, etc. have been conventionally known. Also known is a so-called transflective display having a structure in which either reflective display or transmissive display can be selected and executed as necessary. A liquid crystal device that performs this semi-transmissive reflection type display has, for example, a reflection film for reflecting external light provided therein, and an opening formed in the reflection film, or a thin formation of the reflection film. Thus, the light generated from the backlight or the like can be transmitted through the reflection film.

As a result, external light is reflected by the reflective film to be supplied to the liquid crystal layer when the reflective display is performed, while light from a backlight or the like is transmitted when the transmissive display is performed. And is supplied to the liquid crystal layer. When color display is performed using a color filter, the light before being supplied to the liquid crystal layer or the light after passing through the liquid crystal layer passes through the color filter to select light having an appropriate wavelength component. As a result, color display is performed.

[0006]

In the conventional liquid crystal device described above, in the case of performing a reflective display, light before or after being supplied to the liquid crystal layer passes through the color filter back and forth. That is, in contrast to passing twice, in the case of performing a transmissive display, light before or after being supplied to the liquid crystal layer passes through the color filter only once.
That is, the optical path length of the light passing through the color filter changes between the reflective display and the transmissive display.

As described above, in the conventional liquid crystal device, the optical path length of the light passing through the color filter changes between the reflective display and the transmissive display. There is a difference between the case of the reflective display and the case of the transmissive display, which gives a viewer an unnatural feeling.

Now, the appearance of color is determined by three attributes of color, namely, hue (H: Hue), lightness (V: Value), and saturation (C: Chrom).
Considering the case of recognizing by the combination of a), the combination of the three attributes of color changes between the case of the reflective display and the case of the transmissive display, which changes the appearance of the color observed from the outside. It is thought that changes will occur.

Specifically, in the case of a reflection type display, the lightness decreases due to an increase in the optical path length passing through the color filter, while in the case of a transmission type display, the optical path length passing through the color filter. It is conceivable that the shortness of the color causes a decrease in saturation, which may cause a difference in color appearance.

This color filter has the property of biasing the wavelength distribution of light passing through it, and light density is a concept that quantitatively expresses this property. This light density can be considered as the ability per unit thickness of the colored film to deviate the wavelength distribution of light. It is considered that when the light density is high, the saturation of the transmitted light becomes strong, and when the light density is low, the saturation of the transmitted light becomes weak.

Generally, the colored film of the color filter is formed by using a film material obtained by dissolving a colorant composed of a pigment, a dye, a natural pigment or the like in an appropriate solvent. Then, the above light density can be changed by changing the amount of the coloring agent contained in the film material. Therefore, by changing the amount of the colorant forming the color filter, it is possible to change the appearance of colors when performing color display. By utilizing this fact, it is possible to adjust the appearance of colors in the transflective liquid crystal device by adjusting the content of the colorant, but it is possible to adjust both the reflective display and the transmissive display at the same time. It was difficult to adjust the appearance of the desired color.

As described above, the disadvantage seen in the case of color display in the transflective liquid crystal device is that the optical path length passing through the colored film at the time of reflection is different from the optical path length passing through the colored film at the time of transmission. In spite of this, the light density of the colored film is the same in the case of reflection and in the case of transmission, and the light density of the colored film is different in the case of reflection and the case of transmission. If it can be set to an appropriate value, it is considered that a uniform color appearance can be realized during reflection and during transmission. In this case, in one display unit of the color filter, for example, in one dot or one pixel, the light density is changed between the region corresponding to the optical path at the time of reflection and the region corresponding to the optical path at the time of transmission. Must be set individually.

Further, not only the color filter used in the semi-transmissive reflection type liquid crystal device but also a general color filter, the light density of the coloring film is partially changed within one dot or within one pixel. There may be times when you want to.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and makes it possible to adjust the appearance of colors in each display unit in color display realized by using a color filter. With the goal.

[0015]

(1) In order to achieve the above object, a color filter according to the present invention is a color filter formed by forming a colored film of a plurality of dots on a substrate, and coloring the plurality of dots. At least one of the films is formed by laminating a first film and a second film having different color characteristics, and the film thickness ratio of the first film and the second film changes within a 1-dot colored film. Is characterized by.

When color display is performed using the color filter having the above structure, the observer observes the light that has passed through the individual dots of the colored film of a plurality of dots. The appearance of the color at this time is determined by the film thickness ratio of the first film and the second film in each dot. For example, if the film thickness of the first film is larger than the film thickness of the second film, a color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the first film is obtained, and conversely, if the film thickness of the second film is If it is larger than the film thickness of the first film, the appearance of the color greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the second film can be obtained. As described above, according to the color filter having the above-described configuration, the color appearance realized by using the color filter is reduced to 1
It can be adjusted for each display unit.

(2) In the color filter having the above structure, a reflective film may be provided on the substrate or separately from the substrate, and further, among the reflective films, each of the colored films having a plurality of dots is provided. An opening can be formed in the area to be opened. Further, the film thickness ratio of the first film and the second film can be made different between the region corresponding to the opening and the region corresponding to the reflective film.

In the above structure, "providing the reflective film on the substrate" means providing the reflective film on the same substrate on which the color filter is formed. On the other hand, “providing the reflective film separately from the substrate” means, for example, providing the reflective film on another substrate facing the substrate on which the color filter is formed.

According to the color filter having the above structure, the first film and the second film are formed between the optical path reflected by the reflective film and the optical path passing through the opening in the colored film of one dot. The film thickness ratio can be made different. The light reflected by the reflective film passes through the colored film twice, and the light passing through the opening passes through the colored film once. Regarding the reflected light that passes through the colored film twice, the lightness generally tends to be insufficient, but if the film thickness ratio on the optical path of the reflected light is set to the side where the light density is lowered, the lightness will be insufficient. Can be supplemented. On the other hand, with regard to the transmitted light that passes through the colored film once, the saturation generally tends to be insufficient, but if the film thickness ratio on the optical path of the transmitted light is set to the side that increases the light density,
The lack of saturation can be compensated. In this way, the appearance of colors by reflected light and the appearance of colors by transmitted light can be made uniform.

(3) In the color filter according to the present invention, the color characteristics are H (hue) and HVC in the HVC color system.
It can be at least one of V (lightness) of the color system, C (saturation) of the HVC color system, and light density, or a combination of at least two thereof. That is, in the present invention, the first film and the second film can be made different from each other in one or a plurality of the above-mentioned color characteristics.

The light density is the ability per unit thickness of the colored film to deviate the wavelength distribution of light. The higher the light density, the stronger the saturation of transmitted light, and the lower the light density. The saturation of transmitted light becomes weak.

(4) In the color filter according to the present invention, the first film and the second film can be formed by using a coloring film material formed by including a coloring agent in a solvent. By making the contents different, the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film can be made different from each other.

(5) In the color filter according to the present invention, the first film may have a three-dimensional valley shape in which the central portion is recessed, and the bottom surface of the second film is a recess of the first film. It is possible to form a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape in which the surface is in surface contact with the outer surface of the surface.

(6) In the color filter according to the present invention, the first film may have a three-dimensional mountain shape in which a central portion thereof projects, and the bottom surface of the second film projects from the first film. It is possible to make a three-dimensional inverted valley shape in which the surface is in surface contact with the outer surface of the surface being a plane.

(7) In the color filter according to the present invention, the colored film of the plurality of dots can be formed to include a plurality of colored films of different hues arranged in a plane.

(8) When the colored films of a plurality of dots having different hues are arranged in a plane as described above, for example,
R (red), G (green), B (blue), which are the three primary colors of additive color mixture
A two-dot colored film of each hue and a three-dot colored film of each hue of C (cyan), M (magenta), and Y (yellow), which are the three primary colors of subtractive colors, are arranged in a plane. You can

(9) In the color filter according to the present invention, at least one of the first film and the second film can be attached on the substrate by an inkjet method. Here and in the following description, the inkjet method means that the surface of the substrate is scanned in a plane by an inkjet head preferably having a plurality of fine ink discharge ports, and ink, that is, coloring from the ink discharge ports during the scanning. In this method, the coloring material is applied in a dot shape at a desired position on the substrate by discharging the film material in a droplet shape.

As a method for realizing this ink jet method, there is a method of ejecting ink by changing the volume of the ink chamber using a piezoelectric element or the like, or a method of ejecting ink by expansion of ink by heating or the like. Various methods can be considered, but any method can be adopted as long as it can achieve the function of ejecting ink in a droplet shape.

(10) In the color filter according to the present invention, the film which is not formed by the ink jet method can be attached on the substrate by the photolithography method. According to this photolithography method, for example, a colored film material layer having a uniform thickness is formed by a well-known film forming method such as spin coating, and the colored film material layer is exposed in a predetermined pattern and further developed. As a result, a film having a desired pattern is formed.

(11) Next, another color filter according to the present invention is a color filter formed by forming a colored film having a plurality of dots on a substrate, wherein at least one of the colored films having a plurality of dots has a color characteristic. And a second film adjacent to each other, and one of the first film and the second film is formed of a material having ink repellency with respect to the other. .

When color display is performed using the color filter having the above structure, the observer observes the light that has passed through the individual dots of the colored film of a plurality of dots. The appearance of the color at this time is determined depending on whether light passes through the first film or the second film in each dot. For example, when observing light that has passed through the first film,
A color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the first film is obtained, while a color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the second film when observing light passing through the second film. Is obtained. Thus, according to the color filter having the above configuration,
In the color display realized by using the color filter, the appearance of colors can be adjusted for each display unit. (12) In the color filter according to the present invention having the above structure, a reflective film may be provided on the substrate or separately from the substrate, and further, among the reflective films, each of the plurality of dots of the colored film may be individually provided. Openings can be formed in corresponding areas. Further, one of the first film and the second film can be provided corresponding to the opening, and the other of the first film and the second film can be provided corresponding to the reflective film.

In the above structure, "providing the reflective film on the substrate" means providing the reflective film on the same substrate on which the color filter is formed. On the other hand, “providing the reflective film separately from the substrate” means, for example, providing the reflective film on another substrate facing the substrate on which the color filter is formed.

According to the color filter having the above-described structure, the film that passes between the optical path reflected by the reflective film and the optical path that passes through the opening in the colored film of one dot is formed as the first film.
It is possible to switch between the membrane and the second membrane. The light reflected by the reflective film passes through the colored film twice, and the light passing through the opening passes through the colored film once. Regarding the reflected light that passes through the colored film twice, in general, the brightness tends to be insufficient, but if a film with a low light density is set as the film on the optical path of the reflected light, the lack of brightness will be compensated. You can On the other hand, regarding transmitted light that passes through the colored film once, in general,
Although the saturation tends to be insufficient, if the film having a high light density is set as the film on the optical path of the transmitted light, the insufficient saturation can be compensated. In this way, the appearance of colors by reflected light and the appearance of colors by transmitted light can be made uniform.

(13) In the color filter according to the present invention having the above structure, the color characteristics are H (hue) in the HVC color system, V (lightness) in the HVC color system, and C in the HVC color system.
(Saturation) and / or light density, or a combination of at least two of them. That is, in the present invention, the first film and the second film can be made different from each other in one or a plurality of the above-mentioned color characteristics.

(14) In the color filter according to the present invention having the above-described structure, the first film and the second film can be formed by using a coloring film material formed by adding a coloring agent to a solvent, and coloring in the coloring film material. By making the content of the agent different, the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film can be made different from each other.

(15) In the color filter according to the present invention having the above structure, the plurality of dots of the colored film can be formed by arranging the plurality of dots of the colored film displaying different hues in a plane.

(16) When the colored films of a plurality of dots for displaying different hues are arranged in a plane as described above, for example, R (red) and G which are the three primary colors of additive color mixture are used.
(Green), B (blue) hues of a plurality of dots, and C (cyan), M (magenta), which are three subtractive primary colors,
A colored film having a plurality of dots of each color of Y (yellow) can be arranged in a plane.

(17) In the color filter according to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the first film of the first film or the second film that can be formed on the substrate by photolithography, and is formed later. The film can be applied on the substrate by an inkjet method.

The film previously formed by the photolithography method functions as a bank material when the remaining film is formed by the inkjet method. In the present invention, since the film formed earlier can be formed by a film having ink repellency to the film formed later, when the latter film is supplied to the region surrounded by the film formed earlier by the inkjet method. The subsequent film can be evenly applied onto the substrate.

(18) Next, a method for manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a color filter, which comprises forming a colored film having a plurality of dots on a substrate, wherein the colored film forming region on the substrate is formed. A step of forming a first film on the first film, and a step of laminating a second film having a color characteristic different from that of the first film on the first film, wherein the first film and the second film are It is characterized in that the film thickness ratio is changed within one colored film. When color display is performed using the color filter manufactured by the method for manufacturing a color filter having this configuration, the observer observes light that has passed through each dot of the colored film of a plurality of dots. The appearance of the color at this time is determined by the film thickness ratio of the first film and the second film in each dot. For example, if the film thickness of the first film is larger than the film thickness of the second film, a color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the first film is obtained, and conversely, if the film thickness of the second film is If it is larger than the film thickness of the first film, the appearance of the color greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the second film can be obtained. Thus, according to the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure,
In the color display realized by using the color filter, it is possible to manufacture a color filter capable of adjusting the appearance of color for each display unit.

(19) In the method of manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the opening is formed on the substrate or separately from the substrate so that the openings correspond to the respective colored films of the plurality of dots. A step of forming a reflective film on the body may be provided, and further, the first film and the second film may be formed between the region corresponding to the opening and the region corresponding to the reflective film.
The first film and the second film so that the film thickness ratio with the film is different.
A film can be formed.

In the above structure, "providing the reflective film on the substrate" means providing the reflective film on the same substrate on which the color filter is formed. On the other hand, “providing the reflective film separately from the substrate” means, for example, providing the reflective film on another substrate facing the substrate on which the color filter is formed.

According to the color filter manufactured by the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above-mentioned structure, in the colored film of 1 dot, between the optical path reflected by the reflective film and the optical path passing through the opening, The film thickness ratio of one film and the second film can be different. The light reflected by the reflective film passes through the colored film twice, and the light passing through the opening passes through the colored film once. Regarding the reflected light that passes through the colored film twice, the lightness generally tends to be insufficient, but if the film thickness ratio on the optical path of the reflected light is set to the side where the light density is lowered, the lightness will be insufficient. Can be supplemented. On the other hand,
Regarding the transmitted light that passes through the colored film once, the saturation generally tends to be insufficient, but if the ratio of the film thickness on the optical path of the transmitted light is set to the side where the light density is increased, the saturation is reduced. It can make up for the shortage. In this way, the appearance of colors by reflected light and the appearance of colors by transmitted light can be made uniform.

(20) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the color characteristics are H (hue) in the HVC color system, V (lightness) in the HVC color system, and C in the HVC color system.
It may be at least one of (saturation) and light density, or a combination of at least two. That is,
In the present invention, the first film and the second film can be different from each other in one or more of the above-mentioned color characteristics.

(21) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above-mentioned structure, the first film and the second film can be formed by using a coloring film material made of a solvent containing a coloring agent, and
By making the content of the colorant in the colored film material different, the color characteristics of the first film and the second film can be made different from each other.

(22) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the first film may have a three-dimensional valley shape in which the central portion is depressed, and the bottom surface of the second film is the first film. It is possible to form a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape in which the outer surface of the film is in flat contact with the concave surface of the film.

(23) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the central portion of the first film projects 3
The second film may have a three-dimensional inverted valley shape in which the bottom surface of the second film is in surface contact with the projecting surface of the first film and the outer surface of the second film is a flat surface. .

(24) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the colored film of a plurality of dots can be formed by arranging colored films of a plurality of dots having different hues in a plane.

(25) When the colored films of a plurality of dots having different hues are arranged in a plane as described above, for example, three primary colors of additive mixture R (red), G (green), B
Multi-dot colored film for each hue of (blue) and 3 of subtractive color mixture
Colored films of a plurality of dots of each of the primary colors C (cyan), M (magenta), and Y (yellow) can be arranged in a plane.

(26) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the step of forming the first film and the second step
At least one of the steps of forming a film can be performed by an inkjet method.

(27) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the steps not using the ink jet method can be performed by the photolithography method.
According to this photolithography method, for example, a colored film material layer having a uniform thickness is formed by a well-known film forming method such as spin coating, and the colored film material layer is exposed in a predetermined pattern and further developed. As a result, a film having a desired pattern is formed.

(28) Next, another method for manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention is the method for manufacturing a color filter, which comprises forming a colored film having a plurality of dots on a substrate. Forming a first film in a part of the formation region, and forming a second film having a color characteristic different from that of the first film in a part of the formation region of the colored film adjacent to the first film. And a step of forming the first film with a material having ink repellency with respect to the second film.

When color display is performed using the color filter manufactured by the method of manufacturing a color filter having this structure, the observer observes the light that has passed through the individual dots of the colored film of a plurality of dots. The appearance of the color at this time depends on whether the light passes through the first film in each dot,
Alternatively, it is determined depending on whether it passes through the second membrane. For example, when observing light that has passed through the first film, a color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the first film is obtained, while
When observing the light that has passed through the second film, a color appearance greatly influenced by the color characteristics of the second film can be obtained. As described above, according to the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above configuration, it is possible to manufacture a color filter capable of adjusting the appearance of colors in each display unit in color display realized by using the color filter.

(29) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, a reflective film is provided on the substrate or separately from the substrate so that openings are located corresponding to the respective colored films of the plurality of dots. A step of forming
One of the first film and the second film can be provided corresponding to the opening, while the other of the first film and the second film can be provided corresponding to the reflective film. it can.

In the above structure, "providing the reflective film on the substrate" means providing the reflective film on the same substrate on which the color filter is formed. On the other hand, “providing the reflective film separately from the substrate” means, for example, providing the reflective film on another substrate facing the substrate on which the color filter is formed.

According to the color filter manufactured by the method for manufacturing a color filter having the above-described structure, the color filter of one dot passes between the light path reflected by the reflective film and the light path passing through the opening. Membrane as first membrane and second membrane
You can switch between membranes. The light reflected by the reflective film passes through the colored film twice, and the light passing through the opening passes through the colored film once. Regarding the reflected light that passes through the colored film twice, in general, the brightness tends to be insufficient, but if a film with a low light density is set as the film on the optical path of the reflected light, the lack of brightness will be compensated. You can On the other hand, with regard to the transmitted light that passes through the colored film once, the saturation generally tends to be insufficient, but if a film with a high light density is set as the film on the optical path of the transmitted light, the saturation will be reduced. You can make up for the shortage. In this way, the appearance of colors by reflected light and the appearance of colors by transmitted light can be made uniform.

(30) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the color characteristics are H (hue) in the HVC color system, V (lightness) in the HVC color system, and C in the HVC color system.
It may be at least one of (saturation) and light density, or a combination of at least two.

(31) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the first film and the second film can be formed by using a coloring film material made of a solvent containing a coloring agent. By making the content of the colorant in the film material different, the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film can be made different from each other.

(32) In the method of manufacturing a color filter having the above structure, the colored film of a plurality of dots can be formed by arranging a plurality of colored films of a plurality of dots displaying different hues on a plane.

(33) When a plurality of colored films for displaying different hues are arranged in a plane as described above, for example, R (red) and G which are the three primary colors of additive color mixture are used.
A plurality of dots of a colored film for displaying each hue of (green) and B (blue), and a plurality of dots for displaying each hue of C (cyan), M (magenta), and Y (yellow) which are three primary colors of subtractive color mixture The colored film and the like can be arranged in a plane.

(34) In the method of manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention having the above structure, the step of forming the first film can be performed by a photolithography method, and the step of forming the second film can be performed by an inkjet method. It can be carried out.

The first film formed by the photolithography method functions as a bank material when the second film is formed by the inkjet method. In the present invention, since the first film can be formed by a film having ink repellency with respect to the second film, when the second film is supplied to the region surrounded by the first film by the inkjet method, the second film is formed on the substrate. Can be applied evenly on top.

(35) Next, the liquid crystal device according to the present invention is
In a liquid crystal device having a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, a circuit for driving liquid crystal, and a color filter formed on one of the pair of substrates, the color filter is
It is characterized by being configured by each color filter having the configuration described above. According to this liquid crystal device, the color appearance can be adjusted for each display unit in the color display realized by using the built-in color filter.

(36) Next, in the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the present invention, a pair of substrates sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, a circuit for driving the liquid crystal, and a color filter formed on one of the pair of substrates are provided. In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device having :, the step of forming the color filter is performed by the method of manufacturing each color filter having the above-described configuration.

(37) Next, the electronic equipment according to the present invention is
In an electronic device having a liquid crystal device and a housing that houses the liquid crystal device, the liquid crystal device is configured by each of the liquid crystal devices having the above-described configuration.

[0066]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (First Embodiment of Color Filter and Liquid Crystal Device) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a liquid crystal device according to the present invention using a color filter according to the present invention. The liquid crystal device 1 shown here is a simple matrix system that does not use a switching element, is a COG (Chip On Glass) system in which a driving IC is directly mounted on a substrate, and displays a reflective display and a transmissive display. The liquid crystal device is a semi-transmissive reflective type capable of performing both and has a structure for performing color display. The external structure of the liquid crystal device 1 can be configured, for example, as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the liquid crystal device 1 is formed by mounting the driving IC 3 on the liquid crystal panel 2 and further attaching the lighting device 6. The liquid crystal panel 2 is formed by bonding a first substrate 7a and a second substrate 7b with an annular sealing material 8. The first substrate 7a has a projecting portion 9 that projects to the outside of the second substrate 7b, and the driving IC 3 has a conductive adhesive film, for example, ACF (Anisotropic Conductive Film).
The anisotropic conductive film 4 is mounted on the projecting portion 9.

Further, the lighting device 6 includes the light source 11 and the light guide 1.
2 and. The light source 11 is, for example, an LED (Light Em
It is composed of a point light source such as an itting diode) or a linear light source such as a cold cathode tube. In addition, the light guide 12
Receives the point-like or linear light generated by the light source 11 and emits the plane-like light to the liquid crystal panel 2. Images such as letters, numbers and figures are displayed on the opposite side of the lighting device 6.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional structure of the liquid crystal device 1 taken along the line I-I in FIG. In FIG. 1, a gap, that is, a so-called cell gap is formed between the first substrate 7a and the second substrate 7b bonded by the sealing material 8, and liquid crystal is sealed in the cell gap to form the liquid crystal layer L. . Reference numeral 22 indicates a spacer for keeping the cell gap constant, and reference numeral 23 indicates a conductive material mixed in the sealing material 8. The conductive material 23 is the first substrate 7
The wiring on the a side and the wiring on the second substrate 7b are conductively connected.

The first substrate 7a has a rectangular base material 13a when viewed from the direction of arrow A, and a reflective film 14 is formed on the liquid crystal side surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the base material 13a. A color filter 16 is formed on the first electrode 17a.
Are formed, and the alignment film 18a is formed thereon. A retardation plate 19a is formed on the outer surface (lower surface of FIG. 1) of the base material 13a, and a polarizing plate 21a is formed thereon.

The second substrate 7b, which faces the first substrate 7a, has a rectangular base material 13b when viewed from the direction of arrow A, and the base material 13b has a liquid crystal side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) with a second surface. 2 electrodes 1
7b is formed, and the alignment film 18b is formed thereon.
Further, a retardation plate 19b is formed on the outer surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the base material 13b, and a polarizing plate 21b is formed thereon.

As shown in FIG. 6, the first electrode 17a is formed in a stripe shape as a whole by arranging a plurality of linear electrodes in parallel with each other. In addition, the second electrode 17
b is formed in a stripe shape as a whole by arranging a plurality of linear electrodes in parallel with each other so as to be orthogonal to the first electrodes 17a. In FIG. 6, in order to show the structure in an easy-to-understand manner, the plurality of first electrodes 17 a and the plurality of second electrodes 17 a
Although only a few b are shown with a large spacing, in reality, a large number of the first electrodes 17a and the second electrodes 1 are provided.
7b are arranged at high density with a narrow interval.

The first electrode 17a and the second electrode 17b intersect at a plurality of points, and the plurality of intersections are arranged in a matrix. One display unit for each of these intersections,
That is, a dot is formed, and three dots of R, G, and B for color display are collected to form one pixel, and a group of the pixels forms a display area, and a character or the like is formed in the display area. Is displayed.

In FIG. 1, the base materials 13a and 13b are
For example, it is formed of transparent glass, transparent plastic, or the like. The reflective film 14 is formed of, for example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver alloy, or the like. The first electrode 17a and the second electrode 17b are, for example, ITO (Indi
um Tin Oxide). The alignment films 18a and 18b are formed of, for example, polyimide.

An enlarged view of the portion indicated by the arrow II in FIG. 1 is as shown in FIG. Also, FIG.
(B) shows a planar structure of the three dot portions shown by the arrow II in FIG. 1 viewed from the direction of the arrow A. Also, FIG.
2C shows a sectional structure taken along line cc in FIG. 2B. As shown in FIG. 2A, the color filter 16 includes a bank 24 for partitioning a dot region, that is, a colored film forming region, and a colored film 26 laminated on the reflective film 14.
And a protective film 27 laminated on the colored film 26 and the bank 24.

The bank 24 can also function as a black mask by using a black resin. Further, the black mask may be formed separately between the bank 24 and the base material 13a.

The colored film 26 includes a first film 28 laminated on the reflective film 14 and a second film 2 laminated on the first film 28.
9 and 9. The reflective film 14 forms an opening 31 corresponding to each dot portion surrounded by the bank 24, that is, each of the colored film formation regions. Regarding the colored film 26, R (red), G (green), and B, which are the three primary colors of additive color mixture,
Three pixels displaying each color of (blue) are gathered to form one pixel.

In the case of this embodiment, the first film 28 is formed as shown in FIG.
As can be seen from (a) and FIG. 2 (c), the central portion is formed into a three-dimensional valley shape that is recessed in the direction of the base material 13a. The bottom surface of the second film 29 is in surface contact with the recessed surface of the first film 28, and the outer surface of the second film 29 is formed into a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape. The opening 31 is formed corresponding to the central portion where the film thickness of the first film 28 becomes thin and the film thickness of the second film 29 becomes thick.

The first film 28 and the second film 29 are formed by supplying a colored film material, which is a fluid, to each dot region, and then drying and baking the solidified film material to solidify it. here,
The colored film material is formed by dissolving a colorant composed of a pigment, a dye, a natural pigment or the like and a binder resin in a solvent, but in the present embodiment, the first film 28 and the second film 28 are formed.
The composition of the film 29 is different from that of the film 29.

Specifically, the colorant contained in the film material forming the first film 28 and the colorant contained in the film material forming the second film 29 have the same hue, but the coloration in the first film 28 is increased. The content of the agent is smaller than the content of the colorant in the second film. Thereby, the first film 28
And the second film 29 have the same hue, but the light density is
Is set low and the second film 29 is set high.

As described above, in the opening 31 which is the region where the reflection film 14 is not formed, the thickness of the first film 28 is small, and the second film 2 is formed.
It is formed corresponding to a portion where the film thickness of 9 becomes thicker, that is, a central portion of the dot region. The light density of the first film 28 is set lower than that of the second film 29. Also,
The first film 28 is formed in a valley shape, and the second film 29 is formed in an inverted mountain shape.

In FIG. 1, external light such as sunlight taken in through the second substrate 7b from the opposite side of the illuminating device 6, that is, the observing side, is reflected by the reflection film 14 as indicated by the symbol R in FIG. 2 (a). Then, it proceeds to the upper side of FIG. 2A and is supplied to the liquid crystal layer L (see FIG. 1). At this time, the reflected light R
Passes through the colored film 26 twice. On the other hand, the transmitted light T passing through the opening 31 passes through the colored film 26 once, and the transmitted light T shown in FIG.
It proceeds to the upper side of (a) and is supplied to the liquid crystal layer L (see FIG. 1).

In the portion where the reflected light R passes through the colored film 26 twice, the first film 28 having a low light density is thick and the second film 29 having a high light density is thin. On the other hand, in the portion where the transmitted light T passes once, the first film 28 having a low light density is thin and the second film 29 having a high light density is thick. Therefore, in each dot area, the reflected light R passes through the portion of the colored film 26 having a relatively low light density, and the transmitted light T passes through the portion of the colored film 26 having a relatively high light density. Become. As a result, although the reflected light R passes through the colored film 26 twice and the transmitted light T passes through the colored film 26 only once, the appearance of the colors caused by those lights is substantially equal or It is recognized as if it is not too discomforting. Also, in some cases, the appearance of the colors provided by those lights can be intentionally made different.

Since the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG. 1 according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, the liquid crystal device 1 selects two types of display, a reflective display and a transmissive display, as desired. Can be executed. Reflective display is performed when there is sufficient external light such as sunlight and room light.
In this case, external light is taken into the inside of the liquid crystal panel 2 through the second substrate 7b, and the light passes through the liquid crystal layer L and reaches the reflective film 14. The light reaching the reflection film 14 is reflected by the reflection film 14 and supplied to the liquid crystal layer L.

On the other hand, when the external light is insufficient and a transmissive display is desired, the light source 11 of the illumination device 6 is turned on in FIG. 6, and the planar light is directed from the light guide 12 to the liquid crystal panel 2. Is supplied. This light passes through the base material 13 a of the first substrate 7 a in FIG. 1, and the opening 31 formed in the reflective film 14
To the liquid crystal layer L through the color filter 16.

As described above, while the light is supplied to the liquid crystal layer L of the liquid crystal panel 2 in the case of the reflection type display and the transmission type display, the driving IC 3 has the first electrode 17a or the second electrode 17b in FIG. One of the scan signal and the data signal is supplied to one of the two, and the other of the scan signal and the data signal is supplied to the other of the first electrode 17a and the second electrode 17b. Thus
The voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer L is controlled for each pixel, more specifically for each dot, the orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled for each dot, and the light passing through the liquid crystal layer L is modulated for each dot. In this way, the light modulated for each dot is selectively passed by the retardation plate 19b and the polarizing plate 21b on the second substrate 7b side to display an image such as a character or the like, which is a color display in the present embodiment.

In the liquid crystal device 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
, The first film 28 is formed in a valley shape within one dot area defined by the bank 24, and
Since the film 29 is formed in the inverted mountain shape, the film thickness ratio of the first film 28 and the second film 29 changes within one dot region. Therefore, when the color image displayed on the second substrate 7b side of the liquid crystal panel 2 of FIG. 1 is observed, the appearance of colors can be adjusted for each dot, that is, for each display unit.

More specifically, for example, in the transflective liquid crystal device as in this embodiment, the appearance of colors when using the reflected light that passes through the color filter twice and the color filter is set to 1 The appearance of colors when using transmitted light that passes only once can be adjusted with high accuracy by color adjustment for each dot.

(First Embodiment of Color Filter Manufacturing Method and Liquid Crystal Device Manufacturing Method) Next, one embodiment of a manufacturing method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the color filter 16 shown in FIG. Will be explained. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device. In FIG. 7, a series of steps shown as steps P1 to P5 is a step for manufacturing the first substrate 7a shown in FIG. In addition, the series of steps from Step P11 to Step P15 is a step for manufacturing the second substrate 7b of FIG.

In this embodiment, the first substrate 7a and the second substrate 7b shown in FIG. 1 are not formed one by one, but a plurality of the first substrates 7a are formed as shown in FIG. 11A. It is assumed that liquid crystal panel patterns for a plurality of first substrates 7a are formed on a large area having a possible area, that is, a large-sized mother base material 13a '. Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, liquid crystal panel patterns for a plurality of second substrates 7b are formed on a large-sized mother base material 13b '.

First, in step P1 of FIG.
The reflection film 14 is formed on the surface of the mother base material 13a ′ shown in FIG.
(See FIG. 1) is formed using aluminum, an aluminum alloy, a silver alloy or the like as a material by a patterning method such as a photolithography method. At this time, the openings 31 are formed corresponding to the individual dot areas. Next, in step P2, the mother base material 13a ′ (see FIG.
The color filter 16 is formed thereon (see (a)). That is, the bank 24, the colored film 26, and the protective film 27 shown in FIG. 2A are formed.

Next, in step P3 of FIG. 7, the first electrode 17a of FIG. 1 is formed by a well-known patterning method using ITO as a material, for example, a photolithography method, and further, in step P4, the alignment film 18a of FIG. 1 is formed. It is formed by applying and baking polyimide as a material, and in step P5, the alignment film 18a is subjected to an alignment treatment, for example, a rubbing treatment to determine the alignment of the liquid crystal. As described above, the first base of FIG. 1 is formed on the mother base material 13a ′ of FIG.
A plurality of patterns of the substrate 7a are formed.

On the other hand, in step P11 of FIG.
The second electrode 17 is formed on the surface of the mother base material 13b ′ shown in (b).
b is formed by a well-known patterning method using ITO as a material, for example, a photolithography method, and the process P is performed.
12, the alignment film 18b of FIG. 1 is formed by coating and baking using, for example, polyimide as a material, and the process P is performed.
At 13, the alignment film 18b is subjected to an alignment treatment, for example, a rubbing treatment to determine the alignment of the liquid crystal.

Next, in step P14, the sealing material 8 of FIG. 1 is formed on the surface of the mother base material 13b 'by printing or the like, and in step P15, the spacers 22 of FIG. 1 are dispersed. From the above, the mother base material 13 of FIG.
A plurality of patterns of the second substrate 7b of FIG. 1 are formed on b '.

When the mother base material 13a 'having a plurality of first substrates 7a and the mother base material 13b' having a plurality of second substrates 7b are formed as described above, in step P21, the mother base materials 13a 'and 13b are formed. 'Is attached with the sealing material 8 sandwiched therebetween. As a result, a large-sized panel structure including a plurality of the liquid crystal panels 2 shown in FIG. 1 is formed.

Next, in Step P22, the above-mentioned large-sized panel structure is subjected to the first cutting, that is, the primary break, and the liquid crystal injection opening 32 of each liquid crystal panel portion is formed.
A long panel structure, a so-called strip-shaped panel structure, is formed in one row in a state where (see FIG. 6) is exposed to the outside.
Next, liquid crystal is injected into each liquid crystal panel portion in the strip-shaped panel structure through the liquid crystal injection opening 32 exposed to the outside as described above, and then the liquid crystal injection opening 32 is sealed with a resin or the like. Stop.

Next, the strip-shaped panel structure after the liquid crystal is sealed is subjected to the second cutting, that is, the secondary break, to individually divide the liquid crystal panel 2 shown in FIG. The separated liquid crystal panel 2 is washed in step P25 to remove unnecessary liquid crystals and the like, and then in step P26, the phase difference plates 19a and 19b and the polarizing plates 21a and 21b shown in FIG.
Is attached by, for example, sticking. Then, the process P27
In FIG. 6, the driving IC 3 shown in FIG. 6 is mounted on the first substrate 7a, and the lighting device 6 is attached to the liquid crystal panel 2, whereby the liquid crystal device 1 is completed.

In the above series of steps, the color filter forming step P2 is performed, for example, as shown in FIG.
That is, first, in step P31, as shown in FIG.
The banks 24 of (b) and (c) are formed in a lattice shape as shown in FIG. 2B by an arbitrary patterning method, for example, a photolithography method, using an ink repellent substance as a material. By forming the banks 24 in a grid pattern in this manner, a plurality of dot regions arranged in a matrix form are formed in the bank 2.
It is formed by being divided by 4. The ink-repellent substance has a property that the first film 28 in FIG. 2A is difficult to adhere, that is, a property that repels the first film 28. Further, the bank 24 can also function as a black mask by using a black resin.

Next, in process P32, R, G, B3
The color first films 28 are sequentially supplied to and adhere to predetermined dot regions by the inkjet method. The predetermined dot area referred to here is determined according to what kind of coloring arrangement the R, G, and B colors are arranged in. As such coloring arrangement, there are stripe arrangement, mosaic arrangement, delta arrangement, etc. It has been known.

The stripe arrangement is a color arrangement in which all columns of the matrix have the same color. The mosaic arrangement is a color arrangement in which arbitrary three color picture elements arranged on a vertical and horizontal straight line have three colors of R, G, and B. In the delta arrangement, the arrangement of the color picture elements is staggered so that any three adjacent color picture elements are R, G, and B.
It is an array of three colors.

In the coating process of the coloring film material by the ink jet method, as shown in FIG. 11A, for example, the ink jet head 40 is arranged at the start position which is the corner of the mother base material 13a ', and the ink jet head 40 is The main scanning movement in the arrow X direction and the sub scanning movement in the arrow Y direction at the same time are performed while scanning the entire surface of the mother base material 13a 'by the inkjet head 40. The inkjet head 40 is provided with a plurality of ejection nozzles 44, and when the inkjet head 44 scans the mother substrate 13a ′ as described above, the ejection nozzles 44 eject from the ejection nozzles 44 at an appropriate timing corresponding to the target coloring arrangement. Ink, that is, the colored film material is ejected, and the ejected colored film material is applied onto the substrate,
That is, attached.

The ink jet head 40 can have any structure as long as it can discharge the colored film material in the form of liquid droplets having a minute diameter. For example, the ink jet head 40 can be structured as shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, the inkjet head 4
0 is a nozzle plate 47 made of, for example, stainless steel, and a diaphragm 48 arranged to face the nozzle plate 47,
And a plurality of partition members 49 for joining them to each other. A plurality of ink chambers 51 and liquid pools 52 are formed between the nozzle plate 47 and the vibration plate 48 by the partition member 49. The plurality of ink chambers 51 and the liquid pool 52 communicate with each other via a passage 53.

An ink supply hole 54 is formed at an appropriate position on the vibration plate 48, and an ink supply device 56 is provided in the ink supply hole 54.
Are connected. The ink supply device 56 is a colored film material M.
Is supplied to the ink supply hole 54. The supplied coloring film material M fills the liquid pool 52 and further fills the ink chamber 51 through the passage 53.

The nozzle plate 47 is provided with nozzles 44 for ejecting the colored film material M from the ink chamber 51. Further, an ink pressurizing member 57 is attached to the rear surface of the surface of the vibrating plate 48 where the ink chamber 51 is formed so as to correspond to the ink chamber 51. The ink pressurizer 57 is
As shown in FIG. 14, it has a piezoelectric element 58 and a pair of electrodes 59a and 59b sandwiching the piezoelectric element 58.

The piezoelectric element 58 includes an electrode 59a and an electrode 59.
By energizing b, the ink is flexibly deformed so as to project to the outside as shown by the arrow C, whereby the volume of the ink chamber 51 increases. Then, the colored film material M corresponding to the increased volume flows into the ink chamber 51 from the liquid reservoir 52 through the passage 53.

Next, when the energization of the piezoelectric element 58 is released, both the piezoelectric element 58 and the diaphragm 48 return to their original shapes. As a result, the ink chamber 51 also returns to its original volume, so that the pressure of the colored film material M inside the ink chamber 51 rises,
The colored film material M is discharged as droplets Q from the nozzle 44. An ink repellent layer 61 made of, for example, a Ni-tetrafluoroethylene eutectoid plating layer is provided in the peripheral portion of the nozzle 44 in order to prevent flight bending of the droplet Q and clogging of the nozzle 44.

The control system for controlling the scanning movement of the ink jet head 40 is not limited to a special structure.
Although it can be configured arbitrarily, for example, a CPU as shown in FIG.
It can be configured by a computer system using (Central Processing Unit). In the control system shown in FIG.
The inkjet head 40 includes a piezoelectric control circuit 62 for controlling the voltage applied to the piezoelectric element 58, the ink supply device 56 described with reference to FIG. 13, and the inkjet head 40.
The main scanning movement device 63 for reciprocating the main scanning direction X and the sub scanning movement device 64 for reciprocating the inkjet head 40 in the sub scanning direction Y are connected.

Main scanning moving device 63 and sub scanning moving device 6
No. 4 needs to be able to move the inkjet head 40 finely with high accuracy. For example, a driving device using a pulse motor or a servo motor as a power source that can finely control the output rotation angle with high accuracy can be used. .

The input / output terminals of each of the above devices are connected to a bus 66, and the bus 66 includes a CPU 67, a ROM 68,
A RAM 69, an information storage medium 71, and an input device 72 such as a keyboard are connected. The ROM 68 stores, for example, overall initial information of the computer. Further, the RAM 69 temporarily stores various data,
It is used as a work area or the like for the CPU 67.

The information storage medium 71 is a hard disk, C
D (Compact Disc) -ROM, memory card, other storage medium, and a program that causes a computer system to function for inkjet processing, and colored array data of colored films that form a color filter, such as stripe array and delta array. Data and the like for identifying the information are stored.

When the computer system is started, the data stored in the information storage medium 71 is transferred to the RAM 69 and stored therein, and C data is stored based on the data.
PU67 implement | achieves the main function for achieving the coating process by an inkjet method. For example, the amount of movement of the inkjet head 40 with respect to the main scanning direction X and the sub-scanning direction Y is calculated so as to achieve a target colored arrangement, or at which timing when those scanning movements are performed. Is realized to realize a function of calculating whether a target colored array can be obtained.

Since the ink jet head 40 and the device for driving it are structured as described above, in the first film discharging step P32 of FIG. 8, first, in FIG. The mother substrate 1 is formed by the inkjet head 40 that is set to eject the first color.
While scanning the entire surface of 3a ′, ink is ejected from the ejection nozzle 44 at an appropriate timing defined by the program.
That is, the colored film material of the first color is discharged and supplied into the target dot area. Then, in step P33, the colored film material is dried and solidified to form the first film 28 for the first color of R, G, and B in FIG. 2A.

In the present embodiment, the first film 28 is formed in a valley shape having a depressed central portion. For example, in the drying step P33, the colored film material is dried at a relatively high temperature for a relatively short time. Can be achieved, for example, by heating at about 100 ° C. for about 1 minute.

After the formation of the first film 28 for the first colors of R, G, B is completed, the same operation is performed using the ink jet head 40 set to eject the second colors of R, G, B. The above operation is repeated to form the first film 28 of the second color at the predetermined dot position. And after that, R, G,
The same operation is repeated for the third color of B to form the first film 28 of the third color, thereby ending the first film forming steps P32 and P33 in FIG.

Next, in step P34 of FIG.
The second film 29 is formed at the target dot position by using the photolithography method for each of the colors G and B. As a result, the colored film 26 formed by stacking the first film 28 and the second film is formed. The material of the first film 28 and the second film 29 is formed by dissolving a colorant such as a pigment in a solvent together with a binder resin. However, between the first film 28 and the second film 29, The light density is changed by changing the amount of the colorant contained in the film material. Specifically, the first film 28 has a smaller content of the colorant than the second film 29 and is set to have a low light density.

As described above, the colored films 26 of R, G and B three colors are formed.
2 is formed in a predetermined colored arrangement, in step P35 of FIG. 8, the protective film 27 of FIG. 2A is formed of, for example, a resin such as acryl or polyimide or an inorganic film such as a silicon oxide film as a material, for example, spin film. It is formed with a uniform thickness by a coating or inkjet method.

When the colored film 26 is formed, the first film 28
Although it is possible to form both the second film 29 and the second film 29 by a photolithography method, in the case of the photolithography method, a coating film forming step, a pattern light exposure step,
Then, a complicated process such as a developing process has to be repeated for the three colors of R, G and B, which makes the process very complicated and takes a long time. On the other hand, the first film 2
In the present embodiment in which the formation of 8 is performed by the inkjet method, it is very convenient because it is only necessary to perform a very simple operation of discharging the colored film material and drying it.

In the photolithography method, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (c), it is very difficult to form the first film 28 in a valley shape, but such a valley shape can be easily formed by using the inkjet method.

(Second Embodiment of Color Filter) FIG.
Shows another embodiment of the color filter according to the present invention. The color filter 16 can be used in the liquid crystal device 1 having the structure shown in FIG. In the color filter 16 according to the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the first film 28 is formed in a three-dimensional valley shape in which the central portion is recessed in the direction of the base material 13a, and the second film 29 is the bottom surface. Was in surface contact with the recessed surface of the first film 28, and the outer surface thereof was formed into a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape having a flat surface.

On the other hand, in the color filter 16 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the first film 28 is formed into a three-dimensional mountain shape protruding from the base material 13a, that is, a dome shape, and the second film 29 is formed. Has a bottom surface in surface contact with the protruding surface of the first film 28, and the outer surface thereof is formed in a three-dimensional inverted valley shape having a flat surface.

The dome-shaped first film 28 having a raised central portion as in this embodiment can be formed by an inkjet method or another method. However, when the first film 28 is formed by an inkjet method, For example, drying the colored film material deposited by the inkjet method at a relatively low temperature for a relatively long time, for example, at about 40 ° C.
A dome shape can be achieved by heating for about 0 minutes. The second film 29 can be formed by an inkjet method, spin coating, or any other suitable film forming method.

The first film 28 is formed in a mountain shape, and the second film 29 is formed.
In the present embodiment, the light density of the first film 28 is set to be higher than the light density of the second film 29 because of the formation of the inverted valley shape. With this configuration, with respect to the optical path of the transmitted light T passing through the opening 31, the first film 28 having a high light density is thick,
The second film having low light density is thin. Also, the reflective film 1
Regarding the optical path of the reflected light R reflected at 4, the first film 28 having high light density is thin, and the second film having low light density is thick.

As a result, the reflected light R that passes through the colored film 26 twice is set such that the saturation is suppressed and the brightness is increased, while the transmitted light that passes through the colored film 26 only once. T is set so that the saturation is increased and the brightness is suppressed. As a result, the reflected light R
It is possible to make the appearance of the color when using the and the appearance of the color when using the transmitted light T substantially uniform or close to each other. Also,
In some cases, the appearance of the colors provided by those lights can be intentionally different.

Second Embodiment of Color Filter Manufacturing Method FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the color filter manufacturing method according to the present invention. In the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in the colored film forming process from the process P32 to the process 34, the first film forming processes P32 and P33 are performed by using the inkjet method, and the second film forming process P34 is performed by the photolithography method. Was performed using.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, both the first film forming step (P42 to P43) and the second film forming step (P44 to P45) are performed by using the ink jet method. There is. This allows the colored film forming step to be performed more quickly and with high accuracy.

When the second film is formed by the photolithography method or the spin coating, the surface condition of the color filter finally obtained becomes planar, but the second film is formed by the ink jet method. By using, the surface condition of the color filter can be freely adjusted for each pixel or each display dot.

(Second Embodiment of Liquid Crystal Device and Third Embodiment of Color Filter) FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the liquid crystal device according to the present invention. Further, FIG. 5 shows a color filter which constitutes the liquid crystal device shown in FIG. 4 and shows still another embodiment of the color filter according to the present invention.
The external structure of the liquid crystal device 81 shown in FIG. 4 can be configured similarly to that of the liquid crystal device shown by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 6, for example. In FIG. 4, the same members as those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 4, on the liquid crystal side surface (upper surface in FIG. 4) of the base material 13a constituting the first substrate 7a, the reflection film 14 having the openings 31 corresponding to the respective dot regions is formed. The first electrode 17a is formed thereon, and the alignment film 18a is formed thereon. Further, a color filter 86 is formed on the liquid crystal side surface of the second substrate 7b facing the first substrate 7a (lower surface of FIG. 4), and the second electrode 17b is formed thereon.
Are formed, and the alignment film 18b is formed thereon.

That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, both the reflective film 14 and the color filter 16 are provided on one first substrate 7a, whereas in the present embodiment shown in FIG. The color filter 86 is provided on one substrate 7a, and the color filter 86 is provided on the second substrate 7b which is a counter substrate.

An enlarged view of the portion indicated by the arrow V in FIG. 4 is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the color filter 86 is formed of a plurality of dot regions, that is, the banks 24 that partition the colored film formation region, and the colored film 26 formed in the dot regions. Regarding the colored film 26, R, which is the three primary colors of additive color mixture
Three pixels displaying each color of (red), G (green), and B (blue) are gathered to form one pixel.

The colored film 26 has a frame-shaped or ring-shaped first film 28 formed in the peripheral portion of the dot region when viewed from the direction of arrow D, and a direction of arrow D formed adjacent to the first film 28. It is formed by the second film 29 having a rectangular shape when viewed from above. The inner peripheral surface of the first film 28 and the outer peripheral surface of the second film 29 are in complete contact with each other without leaking light. Also, the first
The film 28 is formed by photolithography, and the second
Considering the case where the film 29 is formed by the inkjet method, it is desirable that the first film 28 be formed of a material having ink repellency with respect to the constituent material of the second film 29. By doing so, the material of the second film 29 discharged by the inkjet method can be made to flow smoothly in the region surrounded by the first film 28.

First substrate 7 facing color filter 86
The reflective film 14 formed on a forms the openings 31 corresponding to the respective dot regions surrounded by the banks 24 on the opposite side. The second film 29 is formed at a position corresponding to the openings 31. Therefore, the first film 28 surrounding the second film 29 is provided at a position facing the reflective film 14.

The first film 28 and the second film 29 are formed by supplying a colored film material, which is a fluid, to each dot area, and then drying or baking the material to solidify it. Here, the colored film material is formed by dissolving a binder resin and a colorant composed of a pigment, a dye, a natural pigment or the like in a solvent, but in the present embodiment, the first film 28 and the second film are formed. Two
9 and 9 are different from each other in composition.

Specifically, the colorant contained in the film material forming the first film 28 and the colorant contained in the film material forming the second film 29 have the same hue, but the coloration in the first film 28 is increased. The content of the agent is smaller than the content of the colorant in the second film. Thereby, the first film 28
And the second film 29 have the same hue for each of the colors R, G, B, but the light density of the first film 28 is lower than that of the second film 29.
Is set to be high.

In FIG. 5, external light such as sunlight taken in from the observation side (upper side of FIG. 5) through the second substrate 7b is reflected by the reflection film 14 as indicated by reference symbol R and travels upward in the figure. While passing through the liquid crystal layer L. At this time, the reflected light R travels back and forth through the colored film 26, particularly the first film 28.
Pass twice. On the other hand, the transmitted light T passing through the opening 31 passes through the liquid crystal layer L and then passes through the colored film 26, especially the second film 29.
Pass twice.

The portion where the reflected light R passes through the colored film 26 twice is the first film having a low light density, while the portion where the transmitted light T passes once is the second film 29 having a high light density. is there. Therefore, although the reflected light R passes through the colored film 26 twice and the transmitted light T passes through the colored film 26 only once, the appearance of the colors brought about by those lights, for example, saturation,
The brightness and the like can be made approximately equal or close to each other.
Also, in some cases, the appearance of the colors provided by those lights can be intentionally made different.

Third Embodiment of Color Filter Manufacturing Method FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the color filter manufacturing method according to the present invention. Particularly, the color filter shown in FIG. 5 is manufactured. Shows a manufacturing method suitable for.
In this manufacturing method, in step P51, the bank 24 is formed into a predetermined pattern by a film forming method such as spin coating and a patterning method such as photolithography.
For example, the dot regions are formed in a grid and are arranged in a matrix, that is, the colored film formation region is formed. Bank 24
Can also function as a black mask by using a black resin.

Next, in step P52, for each of the colors R, G, B, the first film 28 is formed by a film forming method such as spin coating and a patterning method such as photolithography, using a substance having a low light density as a material. Form. The first film 28 is formed of a substance having ink repellency with respect to the second film 29, that is, a substance having a property of hardly adhering the second film 29, that is, a substance having a property of repelling the second film 29. Is desirable.

Next, in a process P53, the second film 29 for each color of R, G and B is formed by the ink jet method.
Are formed by using a substance having a characteristic different from that of the first film 28, for example, a substance having a high light density. At this time, step 52
If the first film 28 is formed of an ink repellent material in (2), the second film 29 supplied by the inkjet method can be uniformly flown, that is, extended in each dot region. As the inkjet method, the inkjet method described above can be used. Then, in step P54, the second film 29 is dried to form the colored film 26 in which the first film 28 and the second film 29 are adjacent to each other.

According to the method of manufacturing the color filter of the present embodiment, the second film 29 is formed by using the ink jet method, so that the colored film 26 can be formed quickly and with high precision. In addition, the first of the colored film 26 of FIG.
Both the film 28 and the second film 29 can be formed by an inkjet method.

(Embodiment of Electronic Device) FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of a mobile phone which is an example of the electronic device according to the present invention. This mobile phone 100 includes a liquid crystal device 101 as a display unit, an antenna 102, and a speaker 103.
, A key switch group 104, and a microphone 105.

The liquid crystal device 101 is housed in an outer case as a case and is controlled by a control circuit (not shown) provided inside the outer case to display the contents of telephone communication, Internet information and the like. This liquid crystal device 101
Can be configured using, for example, the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG. 1 or the liquid crystal device 81 shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a wrist watch which is an example of an electronic apparatus according to the present invention. This watch 11
Reference numeral 0 has a liquid crystal device 111 as a display unit. The liquid crystal device 111 is housed in an outer case as a case and is controlled by a control circuit (not shown) provided inside the outer case to display time, date and the like as information. The liquid crystal device 111 can be configured using, for example, the liquid crystal device 1 shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a portable information processing apparatus which is an example of an electronic apparatus according to the present invention. The portable information processing device 120 is provided as, for example, a word processor, a personal computer, or the like. The portable information processing device 120 shown here has an input device 122 such as a keyboard provided on the surface of the main body 121, and a liquid crystal device 123 as a display unit. By the processing of the processor provided inside the main body 121, the information input through the keyboard 122 and the result of some arithmetic processing based on the information are displayed on the liquid crystal device 12.
It is displayed in 3. (Other Embodiments) The present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and can be variously modified within the scope of the invention described in the claims. .

For example, in the above description, as the colored film formed in the dot areas arranged in a matrix, R,
Although the three primary colors of G and B were considered, the colored film is not limited to R, G, and B, for example, C which is the three primary colors of subtractive color mixture.
(Cyan), M (magenta), and Y (yellow) may be adopted. In that case, instead of the R, G, B colored film materials, colored film materials having C, M, Y colors may be used.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11A, the ink jet head 40 having a length shorter than one side of the mother base material 13a 'is used to scan the mother base material 13a'. It is also possible to scan the mother base material 13a 'with the inkjet head 40 having a length substantially equal to the length of one side of 13a'. In this case, it is not necessary to move the inkjet head 40 in the main scanning direction X.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the case where a plurality of rows of liquid crystal panel forming regions 7a and 7b are set in the mother substrates 13a 'and 13b' is illustrated. However, the present invention can be applied to a case where one row of the liquid crystal panel forming regions 7a and the like are set in the mother base materials 13a ′ and 13b ′. Also, when only one liquid crystal panel forming region 7a or the like having substantially the same size as or substantially smaller than the mother substrates 13a ′ and 13b ′ is set in the mother base materials 13a ′ and 13b ′. The present invention can be applied.

In the film forming method of the ink jet system shown in FIG. 11A, the ink jet head 40 is moved in the X direction to perform the main scanning of the base material 13a ', and the base material 13
It was decided to sub-scan the base material 13a 'by the inkjet head 40 by moving a'in the Y direction, but, conversely, main scanning is performed by moving the base material 13a' in the Y direction. Sub-scanning can also be performed by moving the inkjet head 40 in the X direction.

Further, in the above embodiment, the ink jet head having a structure for ejecting ink by utilizing the flexural deformation of the piezoelectric element is used, but an ink jet head having any other structure may be used.

Further, in the above embodiments, a simple matrix type liquid crystal device is exemplified as the liquid crystal device, but the present invention is an active matrix using a two-terminal active element such as a TFD (Thin Film Diode) as a switching element. Type liquid crystal device and TFT (Thin Film Transi
It is of course applicable to an active matrix type liquid crystal device using a three-terminal type active element such as a stor) as a switching element.

[0151]

According to the color filter, the liquid crystal device, and the electronic device of the present invention, the color appearance realized by using the color filter is changed by the display unit for each display unit.
That is, it can be adjusted for each dot area. This makes it possible to adjust the appearance of colors with high precision as desired.

Further, according to the method of manufacturing the color filter and the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the present invention, the color filter, the liquid crystal device and the electronic apparatus can be manufactured reliably, easily and inexpensively.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a sectional structure of an embodiment of a liquid crystal device according to the present invention.

2 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by an arrow II in FIG. 1, showing an embodiment of a color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a sectional structure of another embodiment of the liquid crystal device according to the present invention.

5 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by an arrow V in FIG. 4, showing another embodiment of the color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an external shape of an embodiment of a liquid crystal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a process chart showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the present invention.

8 shows main steps of the manufacturing method shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a process chart showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a process drawing showing another embodiment of the color filter manufacturing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a process drawing showing still another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a mother substrate that is one of the main members used in the method for manufacturing a color filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a control system of an inkjet head for realizing a film forming method by an inkjet method.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the internal structure of an example of an inkjet head.

14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a mobile phone which is an embodiment of an electronic apparatus according to the invention.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a wristwatch which is another embodiment of the electronic apparatus according to the invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a portable information processing device which is still another embodiment of the electronic device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Liquid crystal device 2 LCD panel 6 Lighting equipment 7a, 7b substrate 13a, 13b base material 14 Reflective film 16 color filters 17a, 17b electrodes 18a, 18b Alignment film 19a, 19b Phase difference plate 21a, 21b Polarizing plate 24 banks 26 Colored film 27 Protective film 28 First membrane 29 Second membrane 31 opening 40 inkjet head 44 discharge nozzle 57 Ink pressurizer 58 Piezoelectric element 81 Liquid crystal device 86 color filters L liquid crystal layer M Colored film material R reflected light T transmitted light

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 2H048 BA02 BA11 BA45 BA55 BA64                       BB02 BB04 BB07 BB10 BB42                 2H091 FA02Y FA07X FA07Z FA11X                       FA11Z FA14Y FA23Z FA41Z                       FA42Z FA45Z FC10 GA01                       GA02 GA06 GA09 GA11 GA13                       GA17 LA30

Claims (37)

[Claims] 1. A color filter comprising a colored film having a plurality of dots formed on a substrate, wherein at least one of the colored films having a plurality of dots is formed by laminating a first film and a second film having different color characteristics. The color filter, wherein the film thickness ratio of the first film and the second film changes within a 1-dot colored film. 2. The reflective film according to claim 1, further comprising: a reflective film provided on the substrate or provided separately from the substrate and having an opening corresponding to each of the colored films of the plurality of dots. A color filter, wherein a film thickness ratio between the first film and the second film is different between a region corresponding to the opening and a region corresponding to the reflective film. 3. The color characteristic according to claim 1, wherein the color characteristics are H (hue) in the HVC color system and V in the HVC color system.
(Lightness), C (saturation) of HVC color system, and light density, or a combination of at least two of them. 4. The colored film material according to claim 1, wherein the first film and the second film are formed by using a colored film material formed by including a coloring agent in a solvent. A color filter, wherein the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film are different from each other by changing the content of the colorant. 5. The at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first film has a three-dimensional valley shape with a depressed central portion, and the bottom surface of the second film is a depression of the first film. A color filter having a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape in which a surface is in surface contact with the outer surface of the surface. 6. The at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first film has a three-dimensional mountain shape with a central portion protruding, and the second film has a bottom surface protruding from the first film. A color filter having a three-dimensional inverted valley shape in which a surface is in surface contact with the outer surface of which is a flat surface. 7. The color filter according to claim 1, wherein the colored film of the plurality of dots includes a plurality of colored films of different hues arranged in a plane. 8. The coloring layer of a plurality of dots according to claim 7, wherein R (red), G (green) and B which are three primary colors of additive color mixture.
(Blue) multi-dot colored film of each hue or subtractive color mixture 3
A color filter comprising a plurality of colored films of dots of primary colors C (cyan), M (magenta), and Y (yellow) arranged in a plane. 9. The color filter according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first film and the second film is attached on a substrate by an inkjet method. 10. The color filter according to claim 9, wherein the film not formed by an inkjet method is attached on the substrate by a photolithography method. 11. A color filter formed by forming a colored film of a plurality of dots on a substrate, wherein at least one of the colored films of a plurality of dots has a first film and a second film having different color characteristics adjacent to each other. A color filter, wherein one of the first film and the second film is formed of a material having ink repellency with respect to the other. 12. The reflective film according to claim 11, wherein the reflective film is provided on the substrate or separately from the substrate and has an opening corresponding to each of the colored films of the plurality of dots. One of the first film and the second film is provided corresponding to the opening, and the other of the first film and the second film is provided corresponding to the reflective film. Color filter. 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12,
The color characteristic is at least one of H (hue) of HVC color system, V (lightness) of HVC color system, C (saturation) of HVC color system, and light density, or a combination of at least two thereof. A color filter characterized by being present. 14. At least one of claim 11 to claim 13, wherein the first film and the second film are formed by using a coloring film material made of a solvent containing a coloring agent. A color filter, wherein the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film are different from each other by changing the content of the colorant. 15. The color filter according to claim 11, wherein the colored film of the plurality of dots includes a plurality of colored films of different hues arranged in a plane. 16. The color layer of the plurality of dots according to claim 15, wherein R (red) and G are three primary colors of additive color mixture.
(Green), B (blue), colored films of a plurality of dots of hues, or C (cyan), M (magenta), which are three primary colors of subtractive color mixing,
A color filter comprising a plurality of colored films of dots of Y (yellow) arranged in a plane. 17. The at least one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the first film of the first film or the second film formed on the substrate by a photolithography method, and the first film. Alternatively, the film to be formed later of the second film is attached on the substrate by an inkjet method. 18. A method of manufacturing a color filter comprising a colored film having a plurality of dots formed on a substrate, the method comprising: forming a first film in a region where the colored film is formed on the substrate; And a step of stacking a second film having different color characteristics on the first film, wherein the film thickness ratios of the first film and the second film are changed in one coloring film. A method of manufacturing a color filter, which is characterized in that it is formed. 19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising the step of forming a reflective film on the substrate or separately from the substrate so that openings are located corresponding to the respective colored films of the plurality of dots. Forming the first film and the second film such that a film thickness ratio between the first film and the second film is different between a region corresponding to the opening and a region corresponding to the reflective film. A method of manufacturing a color filter, comprising: 20. In Claim 18 or Claim 19,
The color characteristic is at least one of H (hue) of HVC color system, V (lightness) of HVC color system, C (saturation) of HVC color system, and light density, or a combination of at least two thereof. A method of manufacturing a color filter, characterized in that 21. At least one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the first film and the second film are formed by using a coloring film material made of a solvent containing a coloring agent. A color filter, wherein the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film are different from each other by changing the content of the colorant. 22. The at least one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the first film has a three-dimensional valley shape having a depressed central portion, and the second film has a bottom surface of the first film. A method for producing a color filter, which has a three-dimensional inverted mountain shape in which the outer surface is a plane and is in surface contact with the recessed surface. 23. At least one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the first film has a three-dimensional mountain shape with a central portion protruding, and the second film has a bottom surface protruding from the first film. A method of manufacturing a color filter, which has a three-dimensional inverted valley shape in which a surface is in surface contact with the outer surface of which is a flat surface. 24. The color filter according to claim 18, wherein the colored film of the plurality of dots includes a plurality of colored films of different hues arranged in a plane. Method. 25. The colored film of a plurality of dots according to claim 24, wherein R (red) and G are three primary colors of additive color mixture.
(Green), B (blue), colored films of a plurality of dots of hues, or C (cyan), M (magenta), which are three primary colors of subtractive color mixing,
A method for manufacturing a color filter, comprising a colored film having a plurality of dots of each color of Y (yellow) arranged in a plane. 26. At least one of claims 18 to 25, wherein at least one of the step of forming the first film and the step of forming the second film is performed by an inkjet method. Filter manufacturing method. 27. The method of manufacturing a color filter according to claim 26, wherein the step not using the inkjet method is performed by a photolithography method. 28. A method of manufacturing a color filter comprising a colored film having a plurality of dots formed on a substrate, the method comprising: forming a first film on a part of a formation region of the colored film on the substrate; A step of forming a second film having a different color characteristic from the first film in a portion adjacent to the first film within the formation region of the colored film, wherein the first film is different from the second film. Formed by a material having ink repellency. 29. The method according to claim 28, further comprising the step of forming a reflective film on the substrate or separately from the substrate so that openings are located corresponding to the respective colored films of the plurality of dots. A color characterized in that one of the first film and the second film is provided corresponding to the opening, and the other of the first film and the second film is provided corresponding to the reflective film. Filter manufacturing method. 30. In Claim 28 or Claim 29,
The color characteristic is at least one of H (hue) of HVC color system, V (lightness) of HVC color system, C (saturation) of HVC color system, and light density, or a combination of at least two thereof. A method of manufacturing a color filter, characterized in that 31. At least one of claim 28 to claim 30, wherein the first film and the second film are formed by using a coloring film material made of a solvent containing a coloring agent. A method of manufacturing a color filter, wherein the color characteristics of the first film and the color characteristics of the second film are different from each other by changing the content of the colorant. 32. The color filter according to claim 28, wherein the colored film of the plurality of dots includes a plurality of colored films of different hues arranged in a plane. Method. 33. The colored film of the plurality of dots according to claim 32, wherein R (red) and G are three primary colors of additive color mixture.
(Green), B (blue), colored films of a plurality of dots of hues, or C (cyan), M (magenta), which are three primary colors of subtractive color mixing,
A method for manufacturing a color filter, comprising a colored film having a plurality of dots of each color of Y (yellow) arranged in a plane. 34. In at least one of claims 28 to 33, the step of forming the first film is performed by a photolithography method, and the step of forming the second film is performed by an inkjet method. A method for manufacturing a characteristic color filter. 35. A liquid crystal device having a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, a circuit for driving a liquid crystal, and a color filter formed on one of the pair of substrates, wherein the color filter is formed according to claim 1. A liquid crystal device comprising the color filter according to claim 17. 36. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device having a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, a circuit for driving liquid crystal, and a color filter formed on one of the pair of substrates, wherein the color filter is formed. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the steps are performed by the method of manufacturing a color filter having the structure described in any one of claims 18 to 34. 37. An electronic apparatus having a liquid crystal device and a housing that houses the liquid crystal device, wherein the liquid crystal device is constituted by the liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 17. machine.