JP2003161897A - Optical path deflect element and image display - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display with high resolution which can deal with an image displaying method in accordance with scanning in response to scanning lines by shifting pixels of an image displaying element in response to the scanning lines by a simple method. <P>SOLUTION: A pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is formed from a plurality of optical path deflecting regions 15a, 15b,... having different optical axis shifting directions indicated by arrows →←↑↓ and partitioned by an Archimedes spiral boundary 16, and used. A projection region 17 of the image displaying element is opposite to a region where the optical path deflecting regions 15a, 15b,... are scanned in approximately equal width. When the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is rotated and driven, a pixel shift of the image displaying element is easily implemented by a rotating and scrolling method. The image display can deal with the image displaying method in accordance with scanning in response to the scanning lines so as to enhance apparent resolution by shifting pixels of the image displaying element in response to the scanning lines by the simple method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image displayed on an image display element such as a liquid crystal panel capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information, through an enlarged image forming element. The present invention relates to an enlarged image display device and an optical path deflection element suitable for use in such an image display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An image display device for observing an image obtained by enlarging a display image of a small image display element capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information with a lens is a front projector or a rear. Widely used under the product names of projectors, head mounted displays, etc.
As the image display device, a CRT, a liquid crystal panel, a D
MD (trade name: Texas Instruments: USA) is used as a product, and inorganic EL and inorganic L are also used.
EDs, organic LEDs, etc. are also being studied. Further, as an image display device for observing a magnified image of a small-sized image display element with a lens, instead of observing the image, the above-mentioned C
RT, liquid crystal panel, inorganic EL, inorganic LED, organic LED
Besides, plasma displays, fluorescent display tubes and the like are used as commercial products, and FEDs (field emission displays), PALCs (plasma addressing displays) and the like have also been studied. These are roughly classified into two types, a self-luminous type and a spatial light modulator type.
Each of them has two-dimensionally a plurality of pixels capable of controlling light.

A common problem of these image display devices is to increase the resolution, that is, to increase the number of pixels, and an HDTV having about 1000 scanning lines for the purpose of displaying a broadcast.
Lines for LCDs have already been commercialized, and the scan line 2000 for high-resolution display of workstation computers has been developed.
About this developed product has been announced with technology using liquid crystal panel (Japan 98
2048 QSXGA scan lines from BM, 2400 QUXGA scan lines from Toshiba at the '99 Electronic Display Exhibition). However, increasing the number of pixels lowers the yield of the liquid crystal panel, and also decreases the aperture ratio, resulting in an increase in cost, a decrease in brightness and contrast, and an increase in power consumption. It was

Conventionally, as a method of increasing the number of pixels to more than double by using a plurality of image display elements, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-150
There are methods disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 525, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-267290, and the like. In these, a plurality of image display elements that are displaced from each other are optically arranged, and the pixels of the other image display element are arranged in the gaps between the pixels of the image display element. This technique can also be used to realize high-resolution image display in which the number of pixels is increased vertically and horizontally. Further, by providing a lenticular lens or a parallax barrier on the front surface of the image display device whose resolution is increased in the horizontal direction, the image display device capable of stereoscopic display can be obtained. However, it is difficult to align a plurality of pixels with each other, and the cost is increased due to the use of a plurality of image display elements, and a large projection lens is required.

With respect to these problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-113
According to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 308, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-289004, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-324320 and the like, an image display device for performing interlaced display having double the number of pixels using a single image display element is provided. Proposed (pixel shift method). Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-36504 proposes a display device having a pixel number four times or more using a single image display element. The combination of a member exhibiting an electro-optical effect and a birefringent crystal used in these is a known technique as a deflecting means conventionally used as an optical switch and an optical switch in the field of optical communication. In addition, JP-A-6-3
No. 24320 discloses a means for deflecting an optical path other than a combination of a member exhibiting an electro-optical effect and a birefringent crystal.
Examples are means that can shift the lens, a vari-angle prism, a rotating mirror, a rotating glass, and the like.
Japanese Patent No. 278 discloses a means for moving a wedge prism.

FIG. 23 shows a conventional display method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-324320, in which the resolution of an image display element is increased by a method of shifting a lens and a virtual image enlarged by the lens is observed. In FIG. 23, 100 is L
CD panel (liquid crystal valve), 101 LCD drive circuit, 102 optical path deflecting means, 103 eyepiece, 10
4 is a voice coil, 105 is a lens mount, and 106 is a drive circuit for the voice coil 104. The optical path deflecting means 102 includes an eyepiece lens 103, a voice coil 104, a lens mount 105, and a drive circuit 106 for the voice coil 104. The voice coil 102 is driven by a drive circuit 106, and the drive circuit 106
Is the discrimination signal O for the odd field and the even field of the color video signal input from the LCD drive circuit 101.
/ E, the current flowing through the voice coil 104 is controlled so that the position of the LCD panel 100 is optically adjusted by the lens 10.
3 is shifted in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

According to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-324320, the means for shifting the lens 103, that is, the drive system for reciprocating the movement is not limited to the voice coil 104, but a piezoelectric element, a bimorph, a step motor, a solenoid coil, or the like. Is listed. Further, as a method of changing the optical path, other than the method of shifting the lens or the optical member, a method of inserting the optical member, a method of rotating the optical member, a method of rotating the mirror, an active prism, an electro-optical element and birefringence. The method of using the material is described.

FIG. 24 shows a method of using an electro-optical element and a birefringent material to increase the resolution of an image display element and observe a virtual image magnified by a lens.
The conventional display method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 20 is shown. In FIG. 24, 111 is a polarization plane rotating member that serves as an electro-optical element, and 1
Reference numeral 12 is a birefringent plate. The polarization plane rotating member 111 is formed by depositing transparent electrodes 114 and 115 on both surfaces of a liquid crystal plate 113, and a liquid crystal driving voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 114 and 115 to generate even and odd fields. The plane of polarization is rotated and deflected so that the planes of polarization of the normal light and the extraordinary light of the birefringent plate 112 coincide with each other. The amount of deflection of the normal light and the extraordinary light changes due to the difference in refractive index between the birefringent materials.

However, in such a method, the operation of shifting the pixel with respect to the normal image display element in which the image signals are sequentially input to the image display element corresponding to the scanning lines and at the same time the image information is sequentially updated in accordance with the input Since this is performed for the entire image display element, crosstalk occurs between consecutive frames, and the original resolution of the image data cannot be realized.

As a method for solving such a problem, according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-324320, an electro-optical element for shifting a pixel is divided into a plurality of parts in the scanning direction, and scanning lines of an image display device are scanned. A method of reducing crosstalk between consecutive frames by performing divided scanning in synchronization with the above has been proposed.

However, as many drive drivers as the number divided in the scanning direction are required, and synchronous control is also required. Further, in the case of achieving a resolution of 4 times that of the vertical and horizontal directions, it is necessary to adjust the scanning line synchronization between a plurality of pixel-shifted elements, and at the same time, it is possible to perform a highly accurate adjustment with respect to the positional deviation. Will be needed. For this reason, the reliability is lowered and the cost is increased. Further, since such a method can be applied only to a pixel shift method of dividing in the scanning direction, a method of shifting a lens or an optical member or a method of inserting an optical member described in JP-A-6-324320. The method is only applicable to a method of simply rotating an optical member, a method of rotating a mirror, realization by an active prism, etc., and a method using a birefringent material which is an electro-optical element such as liquid crystal.

Divided driving in the scanning line direction in order to correspond to the scanning line of the image display element is similar to the color scroll system in which color switching is performed corresponding to the scanning line of the image display element. Is. For this reason,
In the method of shifting a lens or an optical member, the method of inserting an optical member, the method of simply rotating an optical member, the method of rotating a mirror, the method of pixel shifting in an active prism, etc. It is difficult to combine it with a high-efficiency lighting system using a color scroll.

On the other hand, according to, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-208345, the optical axis of an image displayed on an optical information control element such as a liquid crystal panel is 1 / N of the pixel pitch (for example, 1 / N).
It has been proposed to rotate the optical light deflecting means patterned so as to shift only 2) so as to achieve high resolution.

FIG. 25 shows an example of the configuration of the optical light deflecting means 121 disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-208345. In this case, the number of pixels is apparently doubled to N = 2. It is shown. This optical light deflecting means 121 has a plane (reference plane) 1 orthogonal to the direction in which the rotation axis 122 extends.
Transparent glass plate region 1 having a plane parallel to 23
24 and a transparent glass plate region 125 having an inclination angle θ formed by the reference surface 123 and the surface are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 122 in a constant repeating order. Specifically, Each region 124, 125 is divided into four in the circumferential direction, and is formed in a fan shape having a radial line as a boundary 126.

The optical information control element 127 is set to correspond to the optical light deflecting means 121 such that the projection area exists in one area 124 or 125 as shown in the figure. It As a result, the glass plate region 124 and the glass plate region 125 alternately scan face-to-face with the optical information control element 127 as the optical light deflector 121 rotates, and when the glass plate region 124 faces each other. On the other hand, when the glass plate region 125 faces each other, the display pixels on the optical information control element 127 are shifted according to the inclination angle θ and the plate thickness of the glass plate region 125.
The resolution is apparently doubled.

In the case of this system, the optical light deflecting means 121
It can be said that if the number of area divisions (for example, 8 divisions) is increased and the optical axis shift direction is increased in the vertical and horizontal directions, the resolution can be increased to 4 times in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0017]

However, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-
When the optical light deflector 121 as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 208345 is used, since the regions 124 and 125 are formed in a fan shape having a radial line as a boundary 126, the optical light deflector 121 has a radial direction. Since the linear velocity and the effective width are different, the effective scanning time is different between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, and there is a problem in the uniformity on the optical information control element 127.

A further problem is that the region 12 is rotated with rotation.
Since an arbitrary radius rotates as the 4,125 portions are scanned, when the displacement is made in the same or vertical direction with respect to the radial direction, the displacement direction varies with the rotation. FIG. 26 shows this state, and the same area 125
Even in the middle, it is instantaneous that the optical axis shift direction (see arrow) by the region 125 becomes parallel (or orthogonal) to the scanning line (see arrow) direction of the optical information control element 127, It can be seen that the gap becomes large immediately. As a result, the pixel shifting operation can be properly performed only at the moment when the optical axis shift direction is the parallel direction (or the orthogonal direction), and it is difficult to synchronize with the scanning on the optical information control element 127 side.

In this respect, according to the publication, a good display image can be obtained when the shape of the boundary 126 of the glass plate is largely oblique to the edge of the planar light information control element 127. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 27, the boundary 126 of the glass plate attached to the rotary shaft 122 is located at the optical information control element 127.
The problem is solved by increasing the diameter of the rotation locus circle of the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate so that the optical information control element 127 is positioned near the outer peripheral side of the glass plate so as to be substantially parallel to the edge portion.

However, in such a countermeasure, although the optical information control element 127 and the like are miniaturized, the optical information control element 127 becomes considerably large and there are only a few places to use it. It is wasteful.

According to the present invention, the pixel of the display image element is shifted in correspondence with the scanning line by a simple method, so that the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line can be applied, which is highly reliable and low cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a high resolution image display device and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an image display device having high light utilization efficiency in addition to high resolution, and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device.

Further, the present invention provides an image display device which is small in size and highly reliable in addition to high resolution and high light utilization efficiency, and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device. To aim.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an image display device having high gradation in addition to high resolution and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device.

Further, the present invention provides an image display device which is small in size and highly reliable in addition to high resolution and high gradation, and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device. To aim.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an image display device having high resolution and high gradation in addition to high resolution, and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device. .

Further, according to the present invention, in addition to high resolution, high light utilization efficiency and high gradation property, a compact and highly reliable image display device and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device are provided. The purpose is to provide.

An object of the present invention is to provide an image display device having high gradation and an optical path deflecting element for realizing such an image display device.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an image display device having a high gradation and a high light utilization efficiency.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an image display device which is small in size and highly reliable in addition to high gradation and high light utilization efficiency.

[0031]

The invention according to claim 1 is
In a disk-shaped optical path deflecting element that is driven to rotate, a plurality of optical path deflecting regions that have an optical axis shifting function with different optical axis shifting directions for light parallel to the incident optical axis are separated by Archimedean spiral-shaped boundaries. Is formed.

Therefore, when the plurality of optical path deflecting regions are formed by being partitioned by the boundary of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflecting element is driven to rotate,
Since the optical path deflecting areas have areas that scan with substantially the same width, and the optical axis shifting directions of these optical path deflecting areas are different, when combined with an image display element, etc. The pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method. As a result, by shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method, it is possible to correspond to the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line. Contribute to the realization of the device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a disc-shaped optical path deflecting element that is rotationally driven, a plurality of optical path deflecting areas having different incident angles with respect to light parallel to the incident optical axis, and these optical path deflecting areas. And a boundary of an Archimedean spiral shape.

Therefore, when the plurality of optical path deflecting regions are formed by being separated by the boundary of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflecting element is driven to rotate,
Since there are areas where the optical path deflection areas are scanned with substantially the same width, the optical axis shift functions with different shift directions can be obtained by making these optical path deflection areas have different incident angles with respect to light parallel to the incident optical axis. Since it is provided, when it is combined with an image display element or the like, the pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method. As a result, by shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method, it is possible to correspond to the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line. Contribute to the realization of the device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a disk-shaped optical path deflecting element that is rotationally driven, a plurality of optical path deflecting regions exhibiting different birefringence angles with respect to light parallel to an incident optical axis, and these optical path deflecting regions. And an Archimedean spiral-shaped boundary for partitioning the region.

Therefore, when the plurality of optical path deflecting regions are formed by being divided by the boundary of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflecting element is driven to rotate,
There exists a region where the optical path deflection regions scan with substantially the same width, and by configuring these optical path deflection regions to show different birefringence angles for light parallel to the incident optical axis, light with different shift directions can be obtained. Since it has an axis shift function, when it is combined with an image display element or the like, the pixel shift can be easily performed by a rotary scroll method.
As a result, by shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method, it is possible to correspond to the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line. Contribute to the realization of the device.

The invention according to claim 4 is the same as claims 1 to 3.
In the optical path deflecting element according to any one of items 1 to 5, the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions associated with rotation is set to a direction orthogonal to the tangential direction of the boundary.

Therefore, with respect to a plurality of optical path deflecting regions formed by being divided by Archimedean spiral boundaries, the scanning direction is set to a direction orthogonal to the tangential direction of the boundaries to rotate the optical path deflecting elements. When driven, the portion where the optical path deflection region moves with substantially the same width can be scanned, and when combined with an image display element or the like, the pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fourth aspect, the optical path deflecting region shifts the optical axis in a direction different by 180 ° between adjacent optical path deflecting regions via the boundary. Is set to.

Therefore, it is possible to easily realize the doubled resolution.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fifth aspect, directions different by 180 ° are directions parallel to the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions accompanying rotation.

Therefore, the optical axis is shifted substantially along the rotation direction, and it is possible to easily realize an apparent double resolution.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fifth aspect, the directions different by 180 ° are directions orthogonal to the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions associated with rotation.

Therefore, the optical axis is shifted in the direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction, and it is possible to easily realize the resolution doubled apparently.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fourth aspect, the optical path deflecting regions shift the optical axis in different directions by 90 ° for each of the optical path deflecting regions adjacent to each other via the boundary. Is set to let.

Therefore, it is possible to easily realize an increase in resolution, which is apparently four times as high.

According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the eighth aspect, directions different by 90 ° are directions parallel to and orthogonal to the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions associated with rotation.

Therefore, the optical axis can be shifted substantially in the direction of rotation and in the direction orthogonal to this direction of rotation, and it is possible to easily realize a resolution increase of 4 times as apparent.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, an image display is provided in which an image displayed on an image display element capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information is enlarged and displayed via an enlarged image forming element. In the device, the optical position of the pixels on the image display element with respect to the optical axis of the magnified image forming element is disposed between the magnified image forming element and the image display element, and the arrangement plane of these pixels is set. Claim 1 shifting in the direction
The optical path deflecting element according to any one of 1 to 9 and a drive mechanism for rotating the optical path deflecting element.

Therefore, since the optical path deflecting element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used in which the optical axis shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method, the display image element corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method. It is possible to provide a highly reliable, low-cost, and high-resolution image display device that can shift the pixels of, and can support an image display method according to scanning corresponding to a scanning line.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display device according to the tenth aspect, the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflection regions in the optical path deflection element is set so as to be orthogonal to the scanning line direction of the image display element. Has been done.

Therefore, the control of shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line is easy, and the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line can be applied with high reliability and at low cost. A device can be provided.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, the projection area of the image display element with respect to the optical path deflecting element is substantially the optical path deflecting area as the optical path deflecting element rotates. The area is set to scan with the same width.

Therefore, the pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method with high light utilization efficiency.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the tenth aspect, a plurality of color separation regions having different transmission wavelength characteristics with respect to incident light are formed by being separated by Archimedean spiral shaped boundaries. A disc-shaped color separation filter and a color separation filter drive mechanism for rotating the color separation filter are provided.

Therefore, since the color separation filter having the same rotary scroll function as that of the optical path deflecting element is combined, the light utilization efficiency is high and high resolution color display is performed even when the single plate type image display element is used. Can be made.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, each optical path deflection area pattern of the optical path deflection element and each color separation area pattern of the color separation filter correspond to each other in the optical axis direction. Therefore, the optical path deflecting element and the color separation filter are rotationally driven in synchronization.

Therefore, it is easy to synchronize the start of color separation and the start of optical axis shift corresponding to the state of each scanning line, and it is possible to display a field-sequential color image.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, the optical path deflecting element and the color separation filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism also serves as the color separation filter drive mechanism. is doing.

Therefore, both the image shift and the color scroll can be performed by a single rotating element in perfect synchronization, the driving mechanism can be reduced by sharing, and the reliability is improved, the cost is reduced and the noise is reduced. Can be achieved.

The invention according to claim 16 is the invention according to claims 13 and 1.
The image display device according to 4 or 15 includes a combination of at least three RGB colors as the color separation region of the color separation filter.

Therefore, basic color display can be performed.

The invention according to claim 17 is the invention according to claim 13 or 1.
4 or 15, wherein the color separation region of the color separation filter includes a combination of at least three RGB colors and white W.

Therefore, since the color separation filter includes the white color W that transmits the entire band, a basic and bright color display can be performed.

According to a eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the tenth aspect, a plurality of illumination light control regions having different amounts of transmitted light with respect to incident light are formed by being separated by Archimedean spiral shaped boundaries. And a disk-shaped light control filter, and a light control filter drive mechanism for rotating the light control filter.

Therefore, since the dimming filter having the same rotary scroll function as the optical path deflecting element is combined, it is possible to perform display with high light utilization efficiency, high resolution and high gradation.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect, each optical path deflection area pattern of the optical path deflection element and each illumination light dimming area pattern of the light control filter are arranged in the optical axis direction. Correspondingly, the optical path deflecting element and the light control filter are rotationally driven in synchronization.

Therefore, it is easy to synchronize the start of the dimming level switching and the start of the optical axis shift depending on the state of each scanning line, and it is possible to display an image with field-sequential gradation control.

According to a twentieth aspect of the invention, in the image display device according to the nineteenth aspect, the optical path deflecting element and the light control filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism also serves as the drive mechanism for the light control filter. is doing.

Therefore, it is possible to perform both image shifting and dimming level scrolling with a single rotating element in perfect synchronization, and it is possible to reduce the number of drive mechanisms by sharing them.
It is possible to improve reliability, reduce cost, and reduce noise.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, a plurality of illumination light control areas having different amounts of transmitted light with respect to incident light are formed by being separated by Archimedean spiral shaped boundaries. And a disk-shaped light control filter, and a light control filter drive mechanism for rotating the light control filter.

Therefore, in addition to the color separation filter having the same rotary scroll function as the optical path deflecting element, the dimming filter having the same rotary scroll function as the optical path deflecting element is combined, so that a single plate type image display element is used. Even when used, it is possible to perform color display with high light utilization efficiency, high resolution and high gradation.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-first aspect, each optical path deflection area pattern of the optical path deflection element, each color separation area pattern of the color separation filter, and each illumination light of the light control filter. The dimming region pattern corresponds to the optical axis direction, and the optical path deflecting element, the color separation filter, and the dimming filter are rotationally driven in synchronization.

Therefore, it is easy to synchronize the start of dimming level switching, the start of color separation, the start of optical axis shift, etc., corresponding to the state of each scanning line, and color image display accompanied by field-sequential gradation control. Is possible.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-second aspect, the optical path deflecting element, the color separation filter and the light control filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism is the color separation filter. It also serves as both the drive mechanism for light control and the drive mechanism for light control.

Therefore, the image shift, the color scroll, and the dimming level scroll can be performed in perfect synchronization with one rotating element, and the drive mechanism can be reduced by sharing, so that the reliability is further improved. The cost can be reduced and the noise can be reduced.

According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, an image display is provided in which an image displayed on an image display element capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information is enlarged and displayed via an enlarged image forming element. In the device, a plurality of illumination light dimming regions, which are arranged on the optical axis of the front stage or the rear stage of the image display element and have different transmitted light amounts with respect to incident light, are formed by being bounded by a spiral-shaped boundary of Archimedes. And a disk-shaped light control filter, and a light control filter drive mechanism for rotating the light control filter.

Therefore, since the dimming filter that can easily perform the dimming control by the rotary scroll method is used, the gradation control of the display image can be performed corresponding to the scanning line by the simple method. It is possible to provide a reliable, low-cost image display device having a high degree of gradation, which is compatible with the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in the image display device according to the twenty-fourth aspect, the scanning direction of each of the illumination light control areas in the light control filter is orthogonal to the scanning line direction of the image display element. Is set to.

Therefore, the control for switching the gradation level of the pixel of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line is simple, and the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line can be supported with high reliability and at low cost. An image display device with high tonality can be provided.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-fifth aspect, the projection area of the image display element with respect to the light control filter is the illumination light light control area as the light control filter rotates. Are set in the scanning area with substantially the same width.

Therefore, the gradation level can be switched easily by the rotary scroll method with high light utilization efficiency.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-sixth aspect, a plurality of color separation regions having different transmission wavelength characteristics with respect to incident light are formed by being separated by Archimedean spiral shaped boundaries. A disc-shaped color separation filter and a color separation filter drive mechanism for rotating the color separation filter are provided.

Therefore, since a color separation filter having a rotary scroll function similar to the light control filter is combined, color display with high light utilization efficiency and high gradation is achieved even when a single plate type image display element is used. Can be done.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-seventh aspect, each illumination light dimming area pattern of the light control filter and each color separation area pattern of the color separation filter correspond to the optical axis direction. Therefore, the light control filter and the color separation filter are rotationally driven in synchronization with each other.

Therefore, it is easy to synchronize the start of the color separation and the start of the switching of the optical gradation level according to the state of each scanning line, and it is possible to display a color image accompanied by field-sequential gradation control. .

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the invention, in the image display apparatus according to the twenty-eighth aspect, the light control filter and the color separation filter are integrally formed, and the light control filter drive mechanism is for the color separation filter. It also serves as a drive mechanism.

Therefore, both the color scroll and the dimming level scroll can be performed in perfect synchronization with one rotating element, and the drive mechanism can be reduced by sharing, so that the reliability is improved and the cost is reduced. It is possible to reduce noise.

[0089]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
Or, it demonstrates based on FIG. The present embodiment shows an application example to a projection type image display device using a transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1 which is one of spatial light modulators as an image display element.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of this image display device. In FIG. 1, 2 is a high-pressure mercury lamp as a light source, 3 is a rectangular parabolic reflector having a focal length of 7 mm and an opening diameter of 52 mm, 4 is an optical axis, and 5 and 6 are illumination lights for a transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. For example, 5 × 8 first and second fly-eye lenses constituting an integrator optical system for homogenization, 7 is a polarization beam splitter (PBS) array for uniformly aligning polarization directions, 8 is a condenser lens, and 9 is a magnified image. A projection lens 10 as a forming element is a screen. Reference numeral 11 denotes a disc-shaped pixel displacement rotary filter which is an optical path deflecting element which is disposed on the optical path immediately after the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and is rotationally driven by a motor 13 connected to a rotary shaft 12. Rotating shaft 12 and motor 13
A drive mechanism is constituted by and.

In such a structure, for example, 120 W
The illumination light emitted from the 65 lm / W high-pressure mercury lamp 2 having an arc length of 1.2 mm becomes a light flux with a small divergence angle by the parabolic reflector 3 and the first fly-eye lens 5,
The second fly-eye lens 6 and the condenser lens 8 illuminate the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 with a uniform intensity distribution. In addition, the PBS array 7 converts the polarization of the linearly polarized illumination light in a necessary direction to about 1.5 times. At this time, although not shown in the drawing, in the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, a polarizer and an analyzer are combined in the front and rear, and spatial light modulation is performed by polarization rotation in pixel units by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. The transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having minute pixels of about 13.2 μ square made of polysilicon crystals formed on a part of a quartz substrate, and has a small aperture ratio of about 20%. The high-speed response of the ferroelectric liquid crystal has a response speed of about 100 μs. The image formed by the illumination light spatially light-modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is enlarged and projected as an inverted real image on the screen 10 by the projection lens 9.

Here, the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 arranged between the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and the projection lens 9.
The configuration and operation of will be described in detail. The pixel displacement rotation filter 11 apparently changes the resolution of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 by shifting each pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 vertically and horizontally (up and down, left and right) by 1/2 pixel pitch in a scrolling manner. This is for increasing the resolution four times.

This pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is a disk-shaped filter body 14 made of glass and having optical transparency, and the optical axis shift directions for light parallel to the incident optical axis 4 are four directions of up, down, left and right. A plurality of, for example, 32 optical path deflecting regions 15a having optical axis shifting functions which are different from each other by 90 °,
15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, ..., 15n, ... Are formed by being bounded by a spiral-shaped boundary 16 of Archimedes. Here, the Archimedean spiral shape means that, when attention is paid to the boundary line forming a certain boundary 16, as shown in FIG. 3, the length from the center of the circle to the target boundary line is r, the constant is a, or When the angle between the reference line and the boundary line of interest is θ, it means a curved shape described by the length (radius) represented by r = aθ. The 32 boundaries 16 are set on the basis of reference lines that are different at equal intervals.

Here, in the present embodiment, in order to give each of the optical path deflection regions 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, ... To the optical axis shifting function, for example, the inclination of a parallel plate for parallel shifting the optical axis is used. It uses the refraction by. Therefore, the optical path deflection regions 15a, 15b, 15c, 15
The surfaces of d, 15e, ..., 15n, ... Are formed so as to be obliquely inclined in the circumferential direction or the radial direction, and the angular direction is 4
It is set so as to face the direction, and as a result, it is set so as to have different incident angles with respect to the light parallel to the incident optical axis 4. In this case, “different incident angles” means that at least one of the tilt direction and the size of the incident surface is different, and the difference in absolute value does not matter.

For example, the optical path deflection regions 15a, 15b, 1
5c and 15d are extracted to schematically show the circumferential cross-sectional structure of the intermediate portion (the area width expands from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side, but it is ignored here). To describe with reference, the optical path deflection region 15a is formed so as to be inclined in the radial direction so as to become lower from the outer peripheral side toward the inner peripheral side, and the optical axis shift direction becomes the inner peripheral side (for example, left side). It is set. The optical path deflection region 15b is formed so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction so as to be lowered from the optical path deflection region 15a toward the optical path deflection region 15c, and the optical axis shift direction is on the optical path deflection region 15c side (for example, the lower side). Is set to. The optical path deflection region 15c is formed by inclining in the radial direction so as to decrease from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side,
The optical axis shift direction is set to the outer peripheral side (for example, the right side). The optical path deflection area 15d is the optical path deflection area 1
It is formed so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction so as to be lower from 5d toward the optical path deflection region 15c, and the optical axis shift direction is set to be on the optical path deflection region 15c side (for example, the upper side). The 32 optical path deflecting regions 15n are formed by repeating these 4 patterns.

More specifically, the tilt directions for providing such different incident angles are set based on the projection area 17 for the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 of the transmission-type liquid crystal light valve 1 of interest. . Referring to FIG. 2, the projection area 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 with respect to the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is defined by the pixel displacement rotation filter 1.
Even if 1 is rotated, each optical path deflection region 15n is a region that scans with substantially the same width, and is set to have a width of at least two regions or more. The "substantially equal width" means that each optical path deflection region 15n is formed by a boundary 16 formed by a curved line having a width that spreads toward the outside to some extent. It means the near part. In contrast to the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which the projection area 17 is set in this way, the scanning direction (arrow B) of each optical path deflection area 15n in the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is the projection area 17. When it reaches, it is set to be orthogonal. Under these circumstances,
As described above, each optical path deflection region 15n is sequentially different by 90 ° for each adjacent optical path deflection region via the boundary 16 (direction parallel to and orthogonal to the scanning direction (arrow B) of each optical path deflection region 15n). Direction) is set to shift the optical axis.

Since such a pixel displacement rotation filter 11 exists between the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and the projection lens 9 and is driven to rotate by the motor 13, the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 emits a spatial light according to image information. When the modulated illumination light passes through the pixel displacement rotation filter 11, the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 receives each scanning (scrolling) of each optical path deflection region 15n formed by the boundary 16 having a spiral shape. The optical axes thereof are shifted in parallel in the four directions of up, down, left and right corresponding to the inclination direction of the region 15n.
At this time, since each optical path deflection region 15n of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is formed by the Archimedean spiral-shaped boundary 16, it is patterned substantially uniformly with respect to the scanning line (arrow A) as shown in FIG. The region allows the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 to be scroll-scanned, and at the same time, it is possible to reduce variations in the shift amount that shifts in four directions during scanning.

In the case of the present embodiment, the image displayed on the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is shifted in the vertical and horizontal directions, so that the image information for one frame is changed in the vertical direction in correspondence with the optical axis shift. The screen 10 will be driven in a time-divisional manner sequentially to the left and right, and the optical axis will be shifted vertically and horizontally on the screen 10.
An image for one frame is completed by one time-division image, and the resolution is apparently increased to 4 times.

Scanning (scrolling) of the optical path deflection area 15n
This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. For example, when the optical path changing regions 15n of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 have a positional relationship as shown in FIG. 5A with respect to the projection region 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 at a certain timing, the optical path deflecting region is shown. The pixel in the area corresponding to 15e shifts the optical axis to the left in the drawing, and the pixel corresponding to the area in the optical path deflecting area 15d shifts the optical axis in the upward direction in the drawing.
The pixel corresponding to the region 5c shifts the optical axis to the right in the drawing. As a result, the optical axis is shifted in three directions on the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. The pattern in which the optical axis is thus shifted is scanned in the lower direction of the drawing, that is, in the scanning direction (arrow B) orthogonal to the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, and with the passage of time. , Transitions to the scanning state as shown in FIG. 5B, for example. Since the vicinity of the boundary 16 is a curved line, each optical path deflection region 15n does not use the entire width thereof, but is within a rectangular range that can be taken linearly in the scanning line (arrow A) direction while avoiding the vicinity of the boundary 16.

In the timing state shown in FIG. 5B, the pixel corresponding to the area of the optical path deflection area 15d shifts the optical axis upward in the drawing, and the pixel corresponding to the area of the optical path deflection area 15c is illustrated in the drawing. The optical axis is shifted rightward, and the pixel corresponding to the area of the optical path deflection area 15b is shifted downward in the drawing. As a result, the optical axis is shifted in three directions on the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, but the optical axis shift state is different from the timing state shown in FIG. 5A.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, all the areas corresponding to the projection area 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 are
By scroll-scanning the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 in the scanning direction (arrow B) with respect to the projection area 17, the optical axis is sequentially shifted in the four directions substantially uniformly in the area. Here, the optical axis is sequentially shifted by 90 °, such as right shift → down shift → left shift → up shift → right shift. Further, the optical axis shift is not started at the same time as the entire projection area 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, but rather the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1.
The image signal is input to the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and the scanning line (arrow A)
The present invention can be easily applied to an image display device that updates an image corresponding to the above, and can reduce crosstalk between scanning lines.

By the way, FIG. 6 shows a structural example suitable for the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 6, 21 is a high refraction glass material integrally molded over the entire circumference, 22 is also a high refraction glass material integrally molded over the entire circumference, and 23a and 23b are these high refraction glass materials. It is a low-refractive-index adhesive that constitutes an example of each optical path deflecting region 15n injected between 21 and 22 and patterned by the spiral-shaped boundary 16 of Archimedes as described above.

In FIG. 6, a ray 2 parallel to the incident optical axis 4
No. 4 is refracted twice at the interface between the high-refractive-index glass material 21 and the low-refractive-index adhesive 23a and at the interface between the low-refractive-index adhesive 23a and the high-refractive-index glass material 22 according to Snell's law.
An amount of optical axis shift indicated by the difference between the virtual optical axis 24a when the optical axis is not shifted and the optical axis 24b when the optical axis is shifted occurs in parallel with the incident optical axis 4.

Specifically, for example, the high refraction glasses 21, 2
M-BFD130 (manufactured by HOYA Co., Ltd.) (refractive index 1.86) is used as 2, and low-refractive-index adhesives 23a and 23b are used.
A fluorine-based photo-curable acrylate adhesive (refractive index 1.40) was used as. At this time, the low refractive index adhesive 23
The thickness of a and 23b was controlled by a spacer to be 320 μm, and the inclination angle was 2.0 degrees. Further, the size of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 was set to about 0.8 inch in a 4: 3 square ratio. In addition, the diameter of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is set to 1
The pixel displacement rotary filter 11 was manufactured so that the light valve surface is divided into about 4 by patterning into a spiral shape with a spiral-shaped boundary 16 which is set to 00 mm and is shifted in the four vertical and horizontal directions. Also, the illumination system is
Illumination light F is designed by the second fly-eye lens 4 and 5.
The value is set to F = 2.8, and the projection lens 9 is an F2.8 telecentric lens.

At this time, on the screen 10 with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 stopped, a pixel pitch of 13.2 μm is observed at about 500 μm in the pattern of the specific optical path deflection region 15n of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11. After that, by rotating the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 by the motor 13, an image with a pixel pitch of 245 to 255 μm, which is almost half, could be observed. This is because the optical axis was vertically and horizontally shifted by 3.3 μm, and as a result, pixel shift of 6.6 μm could be performed. At this time, a white image is input as the image data, but the illumination light is at the boundary 1 of each optical path deflection region 15n.
When the effective scanning rate was optimized so that crosstalk did not occur in No. 6, 95% or more was possible. This is approximately equal to the amount by which the spread angle corresponding to the illumination light F = 2.8 overlaps about 900 μm, which is the total of the thickness of the low-refractive-index adhesives 23a and 23b and the step difference of about 600 μm due to the inclination of the interface.

The low-refractive-index adhesives 23a and 23b have a thickness of 270 μm, an inclination of 2.8 degrees, and a thickness of 370 μm.
When the tilt was set to 1.5 degrees, a similar shift of the optical axis could be observed, but the effective scanning rate was slightly reduced although it was about 1 to 2%. When M-BACD5N (manufactured by HOYA Co., Ltd.) was used for the high-refractive-index glass materials 21 and 22, similar optical axis shifts could be observed, but the effective scanning rate was 90% or less.

In FIG. 6, for the sake of explanation, an example in which the optical axis (light ray 24) is shifted in the direction away from the rotary shaft 12 is the optical path deflecting region 15n having an inclination that decreases toward the outer peripheral side. In order to shift the optical axis (light ray 24) toward the rotation axis 12, the low-refractive-index adhesive 23a inclined so as to be higher toward the outer peripheral side may be used. In order to shift the optical axis (light ray 24) in the circumferential direction, the optical axis (light ray 24) may be tilted either forward or backward with respect to the plane in the front-back direction of the paper and perpendicular to the rotation axis 12.

In any case, if the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 having the structure as shown in FIG. 6 is used, the optical axis shift function portion has an uneven shape having an inclination in front, rear, left and right with respect to the rotation surface, but has an outer peripheral surface. Is formed in a flat state by the high-refractive-index glass materials 21 and 22, so that it can be smoothly rotated without generating wind noise when rotating by the motor 13.

In order to make the thickness of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 having the structure shown in FIG. 6 as thin as possible, the inclinations of the respective optical path deflection regions 15n are not made continuous but, for example, as shown in FIG. The required thickness may be reduced by dividing into a plurality of parts in the direction. Keep the structure simple,
The reliability can be improved at a lower cost as the type of material is reduced, but on the other hand, a case where a concavo-convex structure with the air interface is required occurs, and noise during rotation increases.

Further, the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 is not limited to the means utilizing refraction as a structure having an optical axis shift function. The optical axis may be shifted in two directions by using a birefringent material, and the optical axis may be shifted in four directions by using an active polarization rotator element having an electro-optical effect by liquid crystal. The active deflection element having the electro-optical effect may be formed in a spiral shape.
Further, two or more pixel displacement rotation filters 11 may be used in combination. In other words, when utilizing the birefringence of the birefringent material, the birefringence directions are formed vertically and horizontally by being formed in a pattern shape partitioned by the spiral-shaped Archimedean-shaped boundaries 16 on the surface of the disk-shaped glass material with a parallel plate. 4 directions,
An optical path deflection region is formed by sticking birefringent materials that are different in the two directions of up, down, left, and right, so that the birefringent materials are parallel to the incident optical axis for each birefringent material. The birefringence angles for light may be different. According to this, the planarity can be maintained, and the pixel displacement rotation filter can be easily manufactured.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
It will be described based on. The same parts as those shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted (the same applies to each of the following embodiments).

The image display device of this embodiment is, for example,
A single plate color system image display device is configured by combining a color scroll system color separation rotary filter 31 such as a spiral color wheel shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-242416. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a disk-shaped color separation rotary filter 31 is added which is disposed on the optical path immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and is rotationally driven by a motor 33 connected to a rotary shaft 32. . The rotating shaft 32 and the motor 33 constitute a color separation filter drive mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a structural example of the color separation rotary filter 31, and in the present embodiment, it is formed in the same size as the pixel displacement rotary filter 11. Further, the color separation rotary filter 31 is divided into color separation regions 35n patterned by the boundary 34 having the same Archimedean spiral shape as the boundary 16. Here, each color separation region 35n is formed by repeating the combination of R, G, and B three colors by using an interference filter that performs color separation by making the transmission wavelength characteristic for incident light different (for this reason, Practically, the number of optical path deflection areas and color separation areas is, for example, 36 due to the combination with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 that shifts the optical axis in the four directions of up, down, left and right.
It is the same in each piece). The projection area 1 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 on the color separation rotary filter 31
The relationship with 7 is similar to that of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11, and even if the color separation rotation filter 31 rotates, each color separation area 35n is an area that scans with substantially the same width, and for at least two areas. It is set to be wider than the width.
In contrast to the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which the projection area 17 is set in this way, the scanning direction (arrow C) of each color separation area 35n in the color separation rotary filter 31 is directed to the projection area 17. When it reaches, it is set to be orthogonal.

Further, the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 and the color separation rotation filter 31 are controlled by the motors 13 and 33 so as to rotate in synchronization with each other while maintaining the positional relationship between the optical path deflection region and the color separation region.

In such a configuration, the illumination light spatially modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 passes through the color separation rotary filter 31 immediately before and the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 immediately after. At this time, in the color separation rotary filter 31, the spiral boundary 3 as shown in FIG.
Since the R, G, and B color separation regions 35n are pattern-formed by 4, the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is moved by a scrolling operation substantially similar to the operation of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 shown in FIG. On the other hand, the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 can be scroll-scanned in the scanning direction (arrow C) by the RGB color separation regions 35n that are substantially uniformly patterned. With such a color scroll method, color display can be performed even though the liquid crystal light valve 1 is a single plate type.

At this time, the color scroll method is
Unlike the case of the color separation rotary filter manufactured with the normal radial pattern shape as shown in FIG. 25, since a specific color of the illumination light is scrolled in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the scanning line (arrow A), the screen Combining with a system that shifts the entire pixel causes color mixing or the effective scanning rate is 50%.
As will be described below, a pixel displacement rotation filter that shifts the optical axis of a pixel using the color separation rotation filter 31 in which the color separation region 35n is patterned by the spiral-shaped boundary 34 as in the present embodiment. Also as 11, the optical path deflection region 15n is patterned by the spiral-shaped boundary 16 so as to correspond to each other, so that the start of color separation and the start of optical axis shift are synchronized according to the state of each scanning line. Further, since the image signal can be synchronized with the scanning line signal, it is possible to realize a field sequential color image display with high light utilization efficiency and high color purity.

The position where the color separation rotary filter 31 is provided is not limited to the position immediately in front of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, but may be in a position conjugate with the vicinity of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 or optically. You may provide in a position. As an example of the embodiment, if a rod lens and a relay lens are used in the homogenizing illumination device, the color separation rotary filter 31 having the spiral-shaped boundary 33 is combined with the rod lens illumination to provide reflected illumination light of an unnecessary color. Since it can be reused, color separation and optical axis shift can be performed in scanning line units even when pixel shifting is performed, and high efficiency of illumination light can be realized.

The color separation function of the color separation / rotation filter 31 is not limited to RGB three colors, but may be, for example, four colors including white W or more.

The third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a color separation filter is formed integrally with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11. That is, as described above, each optical path deflection region 15n having the optical axis shift function in the four directions of up, down, left and right is also provided with the color separation function for three colors of RGB or four colors of RGB and W. It was done. Therefore, the motor 33 for the color separation rotary filter 31 is omitted, and only the motor 13 is prepared as a drive mechanism.

As an example of the area allocation, the area 41a shifts the optical axis to the right and the white W transmission (all band transmission coating), the area 41b shifts the optical axis to the left and the R transmission, and the area 41c transmits the upward light. Axis shift and G transmission, area 41d is optical axis shift and B transmission to the right, area 41e is optical axis shift and white W transmission to the left, area 41f is optical axis shift and R transmission to the right, and so on. Is set in.

The rotary filter 11 is divided into a number of 4 × 4 × n (n> 0 integer) as a whole, and one rotation or 1 / m (m
(Integer> 0) If the direction of displacement and the color of color separation are made uniform by rotation, the combination of the direction of displacement and color of color separation is arbitrary, shuffled and irregular. It may be regular or regular.

By using the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 in which the color separation filter as shown in FIG. 10 is integrated at the position of the pixel displacement rotary filter in FIG. 1, a single rotary filter can be used. Since both pixel shifting and color scroll can be performed and the number of motors can be reduced, reliability can be improved, cost can be reduced, and noise can be reduced.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.

The image display device of the present embodiment is an image display device having a dimming function and high gradation by combining a scroll type dimming rotary filter 51. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, a disc-shaped dimming rotary filter 51, which is arranged on the optical path immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and is rotationally driven by a motor 53 connected to a rotary shaft 52, is added. . Rotating shaft 52 and motor 53
And constitute a drive mechanism for the light control rotary filter.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing an example of the structure of the dimming rotation filter 51. In this embodiment, it is formed to have the same size as the pixel displacement rotation filter 11. Further, in the dimming rotary filter 51, an illumination light dimming region 55n patterned by a boundary 54 having the same Archimedean spiral shape as the boundary 16 is divided and formed. Here, for example, by using an interference filter that adjusts the light intensity by changing the transmitted light amount characteristic with respect to the incident light, for example, about 10
Transmittance is controlled in three stages: 0% transmission (however, it is actually a little inferior to this due to the characteristics of the interference filter, so it is shown as an ideal value ... the same below), about 50% transmission, and about 25% transmission. Each illumination light dimming region 55n is formed by repeating the combination of three stages (for this reason, more practically, the combination with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 for performing optical axis shifts in the four directions of up, down, left and right). For this reason, the number of optical path deflection regions and the number of illumination light dimming regions are the same, for example, 36).
The relationship between the dimming rotary filter 51 and the projection area 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is similar to that of the pixel displacement rotating filter 11, and even if the dimming rotary filter 51 rotates, each illumination light is illuminated. The dimming region 55n is a region for scanning with substantially the same width, and is set to have a width of at least two regions or more. The scanning direction (arrow D) of each illumination light dimming region 55n in the dimming rotary filter 51 is projected with respect to the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which the projection region 17 is set in this way. Area 17
When it reaches, it is set to be orthogonal.

Further, the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 and the dimming rotary filter 51 are controlled so as to be rotated synchronously by the motors 13 and 53 while maintaining the positional relationship between the optical path deflection region and the illumination light dimming region. It

In such a configuration, the illumination light spatially modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 passes through the dimming rotary filter 51 immediately before and the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 immediately after. At this time, in the dimming rotary filter 51, a spiral-shaped boundary 44 as shown in FIG.
As a result, the respective illumination light dimming regions 55n of 100% transmission, 50% transmission, and 25% transmission are formed by the pattern shown in FIG.
By the scroll operation almost similar to the operation in the case of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 shown in FIG. 1, 100% transmission, 50% transmission, which is almost uniformly patterned with respect to the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1, The transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1 can be scroll-scanned in the scanning direction (arrow D) by each illumination light dimming region 55n of 25% transmission.
With such a scroll dimming method, it is possible to display an image with high gradation.

The position where the dimming rotary filter 51 is provided is not limited to the position immediately in front of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, but may be in a position conjugate with the vicinity of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 or optically. You may provide in a position. As an example of the embodiment, if a rod lens and a relay lens are used in the uniformizing illumination device, a combination of the rod lens illumination and the dimming rotary filter 51 having the spiral boundary 53 causes the reflected illumination light of an unnecessary color. Since it can be reused, even when pixel shifting is performed, light adjustment and optical axis shift can be performed in scanning line units, and image display with high resolution and high gradation can be realized.

The dimming function (dimming amount) of the dimming rotary filter 51 is 100% transmission, 50% transmission, 25% transmission.
It is not limited to the three stages of% transmission, and may be set appropriately.

The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a dimming rotary filter is integrally formed with the pixel displacement rotary filter 11.
That is, as described above, 100% transmission to each optical path deflection region 15n having the optical axis shift function in the four directions of up, down, left and right,
It is configured to have an illumination light dimming function such as 0% transmission and 25% transmission. Therefore, the motor 53 for the dimming rotary filter 51 is omitted, and only the motor 13 is prepared as a drive mechanism.

As an example of the area allocation, in FIG. 13, the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 in which the displacement / dimming of the boundary portion of the pattern shape is integrated has a divided portion patterned in a vortex shape, and the area 42a is formed. Indicates the optical axis shift to the right and 100% transmission, the region 42b indicates the optical axis shift to the left and 50% transmission, and the region 42c indicates the optical axis shift to the left and 25% transmission.
Transmission, 42d is optical axis shift upward and 12.5% transmission,
The region 42e is set to the optical axis shift downward and 100% transmission, the region 42f is set to the left optical axis shift and 50% transmission, 42h is set to the right optical axis shift and 12.5% transmission, and so on. .

It should be noted that the whole is 4 × 4 × n (n> 0 is an integer)
The number of rotation filters is divided into 1 rotation or 1 / m
If the dimming step and the optical axis shift direction are made uniform by rotation (an integer of m> 0), the combination of the dimming step and the optical axis shift direction is shuffled and irregular. Or may be regular. The dimming step is 16 for 100% transmission and 1 for 50% transmission.
Alternatively, the number may be changed to one, one for 25% transmission, and one for 12.5% transmission.

By using the displacement / dimming-integrated pixel displacement rotation filter 11 as in this embodiment at the same position as the position of the pixel displacement rotation filter shown in FIG. 1, pixel rotation can be performed by one rotation filter. Since both the dimming of the illumination light can be performed and the number of motors can be reduced, the reliability is improved, the cost is reduced, and the noise can be reduced.

A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. In this embodiment, a single-plate color / light control system image display device is configured by combining a color / light control scroll system color separation / light control integrated rotary filter 61. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, a disc-shaped rotary filter 61, which is disposed on the optical path immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and is rotationally driven by a motor 63 connected to a rotary shaft 62, is added. The rotary shaft 62 and the motor 63 constitute a drive mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing a structural example of the rotary filter 61. In this embodiment, the rotary filter 61 is formed to have the same size as the pixel displacement rotary filter 11. Further, the rotary filter 61 is divided into color separation / illumination light dimming regions 65n which are patterned by a boundary 64 having the same Archimedean spiral shape as the boundary 16. Here, by using an interference filter that performs color separation and dimming by changing the transmission wavelength and the transmission light amount characteristic with respect to the incident light, a combination of 100% transmission, 50% transmission, and 25% transmission for R, G, and B colors. Each color separation and illumination light dimming area 6
5n is formed (for this reason, more practically, due to the combination with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 that shifts the optical axis in the four directions of up, down, left, and right, the optical path deflection region, the color separation / illumination light dimming region is formed. Are the same, for example, 36). The relationship between the rotary filter 61 and the projection region 17 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is the same as that of the pixel displacement rotary filter 11, and the rotary filter 6
Even if 1 is rotated, each color separation / illumination light dimming region 65n is a region that scans with substantially the same width, and is set to have a width of at least two regions or more. With respect to the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which the projection area 17 is set in this way, the scanning direction (arrow E) of each color separation / illumination light dimming area 65n in the color separation rotary filter 31. Are set to be orthogonal when they reach the projection area 17.

As an example of area allocation, in FIG. 15, the color / dimming integrated rotary filter 61 at the boundary portion of the pattern shape has a divided portion patterned in a vortex shape, and the area 66a is B100. % Transmission, area 6
6b is R50% transparent, region 66c is G25% transparent, region 66d is R100% transparent, 66e is G50% transparent, region 66f is B25% transparent, region 66g is G100% transparent,
The area 66h is set to have R50% transparency, ...

Further, the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 and the rotary filter 61 are controlled so as to be rotated synchronously by the motors 13 and 63 while maintaining the positional relationship between the optical path deflection region and the color separation / illumination light dimming region. To be done.

In such a structure, the illumination light spatially modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 passes through the rotary filter 61 immediately before and the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 immediately after. At this time, in the rotary filter 61, R, G, and B three colors and 100% transmission, 50% transmission, 25% by the spiral-shaped boundary 64 as shown in FIG.
Since the color separation / illumination light dimming region 65n by the combination of% transmission is formed in a pattern, the transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1 is subjected to a scroll operation almost similar to the operation in the case of the pixel displacement rotation filter 11 shown in FIG. R, G, B patterned almost uniformly with respect to the scanning line (arrow A) of
The transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 can be scroll-scanned in the scanning direction (arrow E) by the color separation / illumination light dimming region 65n that is a combination of three colors and 100% transmission, 50% transmission, and 25% transmission. With such a color scroll system, high-gradation color display can be performed despite the single-panel transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1.

As the position where the rotary filter 61 is provided,
The position is not limited to the position immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, but may be provided at a position conjugate with the vicinity of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 or at a position where an image is optically formed. As an example of the embodiment, if a rod lens and a relay lens are used in the homogenizing illuminating device, the rotary filter 61 having the spiral boundary 63 is combined with the rod lens illumination to regenerate the reflected illumination light of an unnecessary color. Can be used,
Even when pixels are shifted, color separation and light control and optical axis shift can be performed in scanning line units, and high efficiency and high gradation of illumination light can be realized.

The seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a color separation / dimming rotation filter is integrally formed with the pixel displacement rotation filter 11. That is, as described above, RGB3 is provided in each optical path deflection region 15n having an optical axis shift function in the four directions of up, down, left and right.
It is configured to have a color separation function or a color separation function for four RGBW colors and an illumination light dimming function such as 100% transmission, 50% transmission, and 25% transmission. Therefore, the motor 63 for the rotary filter 61 is omitted, and only the motor 13 is prepared as a drive mechanism.

As an example of area allocation, in FIG. 16, the pixel displacement rotary filter 11 in which displacement / color separation / dimming is integrated at the boundary portion of the pattern shape has a divided portion patterned in a vortex shape. , The area 43a shifts the optical axis to the right, and transmits R100% (other colors have 0% transmittance = 1.
The reflectance is 00%, but in reality, it is inferior to this due to the characteristics of the interference filter and is an ideal value. The same applies hereinafter), area 43
b is optical axis shift downward, 50% B transmission, area 43c is optical axis shift upward, 100% G transmission, area 43d is optical axis shift downward, 50% R transmission, area 43e is leftward. Optical axis shift, 100% G transmission, etc. are set.

The rotation filter is divided into a total number of 2 × 4 × 3 × n (n> 0 integer), and one rotation or 1 /
If the dimming step, the color separation color, and the optical axis shift direction are made uniform by rotating m (an integer of m> 0), the dimming step, the color separation color, and the optical axis shift are performed. The combination with the direction of may be shuffled and may be irregular or regular. The dimming step is 100%
The transmission may be changed to 4 and 50% to 1.

By using such a pixel displacement rotation filter 11 of displacement / dimming / color separation integrated at the same position as the position of the displacement rotation filter of FIG. 1, pixel rotation and illumination light can be adjusted by one rotation filter. Since all of the light control and the color separation can be performed and the number of motors can be reduced, the reliability can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the noise can be reduced.

An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19. The present embodiment shows an application example to a projection type image display device using a transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1 which is one of spatial light modulators as an image display element.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a schematic structure of this image display device. In FIG. 17, 2 is a high-pressure mercury lamp as a light source, 3 is a rectangular parabolic reflector having a focal length of 7 mm and an opening diameter of 52 mm, 4 is an optical axis, and 5 and 6 are illumination lights for the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. A homogenizing integrator optical system is composed of, for example, 5 × 8 first and second
Fly-eye lens, 7 a polarization beam splitter (PBS) array for uniformly aligning the polarization directions, 8 a condenser lens, 9 a projection lens as an enlarged image forming element, 1
0 is the screen. Reference numeral 71 denotes a disk-shaped dimming rotary filter which is a dimming filter which is disposed on the optical path immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 and is rotationally driven by a motor 73 connected to a rotary shaft 72. Rotating shaft 72 and motor 73
And constitute a drive mechanism for the light control filter.

In such a structure, for example, 120 W
The illumination light emitted from the 65 lm / W high-pressure mercury lamp 2 having an arc length of 1.2 mm becomes a light flux with a small divergence angle by the parabolic reflector 3 and the first fly-eye lens 5,
The second fly-eye lens 6 and the condenser lens 8 illuminate the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 with a uniform intensity distribution. In addition, the PBS array 7 converts the polarization of the linearly polarized illumination light in a necessary direction to about 1.5 times. At this time, although not particularly shown, the transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1 has a polarizer and an analyzer combined in front and back, and spatial light modulation is performed by polarization rotation in pixel units by the transmission type liquid crystal light valve 1. The transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having minute pixels of about 13.2 μ square made of polysilicon crystals formed on a part of a quartz substrate, and has a small aperture ratio of about 20%. The high-speed response of the ferroelectric liquid crystal has a response speed of about 100 μs. The image formed by the illumination light spatially light-modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is enlarged and projected as an inverted real image on the screen 10 by the projection lens 9.

Here, the structure and operation of the dimming rotary filter 71 arranged immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 will be described in detail. The dimming rotary filter 71 is for performing image display with gradation by shifting the amount of incident light to each pixel of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 by a scroll method.

This dimming rotary filter 71 has a plurality of illumination light dimming regions 75 in which the amount of transmitted light with respect to incident light is stepwise changed in a disk-shaped glass filter body 74.
, 75n, ... Are formed by being separated by a spiral-shaped boundary 76 of Archimedes. Here, the Archimedean spiral shape is similar to the case described with reference to FIG. 3 above. When attention is paid to a boundary line forming a certain boundary 76, the length from the center of the circle to the target boundary line is r, When the constant is a and the angle between a certain reference line and the target boundary line is θ, it means a curve shape described by a length (radius) represented by r = aθ. The 36 boundaries 76 are set on the basis of reference lines which are different at equal intervals.

Referring to the front view of the dimming rotary filter 71 shown in FIG. 18, the amount of transmitted light is formed so as to change in three steps corresponding to the spiral-shaped boundary 76. For example, the regions 75a, 75d, 75g, ... Approximately 100% transmission (however, in reality, it is a little inferior to this due to the characteristics of the interference filter, so it is an ideal numerical value. The same applies hereinafter), regions 75b, 75e, 75h. , ... is about 50% transparent, area 7
5c, 75f, 75i, ... Have about 25% transmission, and the amount of transmitted light in each region is set by the interference filter.

The projection area 77 of the target transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 with respect to the dimming rotation filter 71 is the illumination light dimming area 75 even if the dimming rotation filter 71 rotates.
n is an area to be scanned with substantially the same width, and is set to have a width of at least two areas. In the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which the projection area 77 is set in this way, the dimming rotation filter 71 is provided.
Direction of each illumination light dimming area 75n in the direction (arrow F)
Are set to be orthogonal when they reach the projection area 77.

Such a dimming rotary filter 71 exists on the optical path immediately before the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, and the motor 73
Since it is driven to rotate by, the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1
Immediately before that, the illumination light spatially modulated according to the image information passes through the dimming rotation filter 71, and each illumination light dimming formed by the spiral-shaped boundary 76 on the dimming rotation filter 71. Scan area 75n (scroll)
While receiving, the light is dimmed in three stages corresponding to the amount of transmitted light of each illumination light dimming region 75n. At this time, each illumination light dimming region 75n of the dimming rotary filter 71 is formed by the Archimedean spiral-shaped boundary 76, and therefore FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is formed by a region that is patterned substantially uniformly with respect to the scanning line (arrow A).
Can be scroll-scanned, and at the same time, it is possible to reduce fluctuations in the shift amount for performing the dimming shift in three steps during scanning.

In the case of this embodiment, since the illumination light applied to the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is dimmed and shifted in three steps, the image information for one frame is obtained in correspondence with the dimming shift. Since the time-divisional driving is sequentially performed, the image for one frame is completed on the screen 10 by the three time-divisional images light-shifted in three steps, and the gradation is increased.

FIG. 19 schematically showing the state of the light control shift operation by scanning (scrolling) the illumination light control area 75n.
Will be described in more detail with reference to. For example, at a certain timing, the projection area 77 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1
With respect to each illumination light dimming area 75 of the dimming rotation filter 71
When n is in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 19A, the pixels in the area corresponding to the illumination light dimming area 15e are illuminated with 50% transmitted illumination light and the area corresponding to the illumination light dimming area 15d. The pixels in (1) are illuminated with 100% transmitted bright illumination light, and the pixels in the region corresponding to the illumination light dimming region 15c are illuminated with 25% transmitted dark illumination light. As a result, on the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, the light is dimmed by three different amounts of transmitted light to express the gradation. The dimming-shifted pattern is scanned downward in the drawing, that is, in the scanning direction (arrow F) orthogonal to the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, and with the passage of time, For example, FIG. 19 (b)
Transition to the scanning state as shown in. Note that since the vicinity of the boundary 76 is a curve, each illumination light dimming region 75n does not use the entire width thereof, and is within a rectangular range that is linearly taken in the scanning line (arrow A) direction while avoiding the vicinity of the boundary 76. .

In the timing state shown in FIG. 19B, there are 10 pixels in the area corresponding to the illumination light control area 15d.
Pixels in a region corresponding to the illumination light control region 15c illuminated by 0% transmission of bright illumination light are illuminated by dark illumination light of 25% transmission and pixels in a region corresponding to the illumination light control region 15e are 50%. It will be illuminated by the transmitted illumination light. As a result, 3 is displayed on the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1.
Although the gradation is expressed by dimming with three different amounts of transmitted light, the dimming shift state is different from the timing state shown in FIG. 19A.

As can be seen from FIG. 19, in all areas corresponding to the projection area 77 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, the dimming rotary filter 71 scroll-scans the projection area 77 in the scanning direction (arrow F). By doing so, the amount of transmitted light is sequentially shifted in three steps at substantially equal intervals in the region. Further, since the light amount shift is started not at the same time over the entire projection region 77 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1, it is performed while changing in the direction perpendicular to the scanning line (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. The present invention can be easily applied to an image display device in which an image signal is input to the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 to update an image corresponding to a scanning line (arrow A), and crosstalk between scanning lines can be reduced.

According to this embodiment, since the dimming of the illumination light can be performed in scanning line units, the image signal input to the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in scanning line units and the driving method are synchronized. The dimming can be performed. Therefore, the effective scanning rate can be increased and high light utilization efficiency can be realized. Further, by synchronizing the time division drive and the dimming of the illumination light with a binary drive light valve such as a ferroelectric liquid crystal, the drive frequency of the time division drive subframe can be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to display an image of a high gradation image with high light utilization efficiency.

By the way, 100%, 50%, 25%, 1
When using 4 levels of dimming like 2.5%, exponentially 2
Since there are four levels of dimming, which is the square of
This can be realized by the time division drive of 56/4 + 2 = 66, and the drive frequency can be reduced about four times. Therefore 60Hz
As described above, in the case of 256 gradations, the effective scanning rate is small and insufficient at the response speed of 100 μs, which is greatly improved.
Further, the reduction of the light use efficiency due to the light loss due to the dimming itself is (4 × 64 + 2 + 1) / (66 × 4) = 0.
981≈98%, which is almost nonexistent. Further, conventionally, about 50% is required to synchronize with the update of the image signal for each scanning line.
Since the effective scanning rate is 1, the dimming can be performed in units of scanning lines, so that also in this respect, it is possible to realize about twice the high brightness.

The ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The image display device of the present embodiment is a single-plate color / gradation type image display device configured by combining a color separation type color separation rotary filter 81. That is, as shown in FIG. 20, a disc-shaped color separation rotary filter 81 which is disposed on the optical path immediately before (or immediately after) the dimming rotary filter 71 and is rotationally driven by a motor 83 connected to a rotary shaft 82. Has been added. The rotary shaft 82 and the motor 83 constitute a color separation filter drive mechanism.

FIG. 21 is a front view showing a structural example of the color separation rotary filter 81. In this embodiment, the color separation rotary filter 81 is formed to have the same size as the dimming rotary filter 71. Further, the color separation rotary filter 81 has divided color separation regions 85n patterned by a boundary 84 having the same Archimedean spiral shape as the boundary 76. Here, each color separation region 85n is formed by repeating a combination of three colors of R, G, and B by using an interference filter that performs color separation by changing the transmission wavelength characteristic with respect to incident light. The relationship between the color separation rotary filter 81 and the projection area 77 of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 is similar to that of the dimming rotary filter 71, and even if the color separation rotary filter 81 rotates, each color separation area. 85n is an area to be scanned with substantially the same width, and is set to have a width of at least two areas or more. In this way, the projection area 77
With respect to the scanning line direction (arrow A) of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 in which is set, the scanning direction (arrow G) of each color separation area 85n in the color separation rotary filter 81 is the projection area 7
When 7 is reached, they are set to be orthogonal.

Further, the dimming rotary filter 71 and the color separating rotary filter 81 are controlled to be rotated by the motors 73 and 83 in synchronization while maintaining the positional relationship between the illumination light dimming region and the color separating region. It

In such a configuration, the illumination light spatially modulated by the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 passes through the color separation rotary filter 81 and the dimming rotary filter 71 immediately before it. At this time, in the color separation rotary filter 81, as shown in FIG.
Since the RGB color separation regions 85n are patterned by the spiral-shaped boundary 84 as shown in FIG. 11, the transmission type liquid crystal light valve is subjected to a scroll operation almost similar to the operation of the dimming rotary filter 71 shown in FIG. The transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 can be scroll-scanned in the scanning direction (arrow G) by the RGB color separation regions 85n patterned substantially uniformly with respect to one scanning line (arrow A). With such a color scroll method, it is possible to perform color display accompanied by gradation display even though the liquid crystal light valve 1 is a single plate type.

At this time, the color scroll method is
Unlike the case of the color separation rotary filter manufactured with the normal radial pattern shape as shown in FIG. 25, since a specific color of the illumination light is scrolled in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the scanning line (arrow A), the screen Combining with a system that shifts the entire pixel causes color mixing or the effective scanning rate is 50%.
Although it becomes the following, as in the present embodiment, the color separation rotary filter 81 in which the color separation region 85n is patterned by the spiral boundary 84 is used, and the dimming rotary filter that changes the light amount of the illumination light is used. Also as 71, the illumination light dimming region 75n is patterned by the spiral-shaped boundary 75, and the two are made to correspond to each other, whereby the start of color separation and the dimming (gradation) corresponding to the state of each scanning line. Since it can be synchronized with the start of shift and further with the scanning line signal of the image signal, it is possible to realize a field-sequential color image display with high gradation and high light utilization efficiency.

The position where the color separation rotary filter 81 is provided is not limited to the position immediately before the dimming rotary filter 71, but may be immediately after it, and further, it is conjugated with the vicinity of the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1. May be provided at the position (1) or at the position for optically forming an image. As an example of implementation, a rod lens and a relay lens may be used in the homogenizing illumination device, and one of the rotary filters may be disposed near the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1 at the end of the rod lens. In addition, a field lens and a second relay lens are added to each of the rotary filters 7 at positions conjugate with the transmissive liquid crystal light valve 1.
1, 81 may be arranged.

The color separation function of the color separation / rotation filter 81 is not limited to RGB three colors, but may be, for example, four colors including white W or more.

The tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the dimming rotary filter 71 is used.
The color separation filter is integrally formed on the. That is,
As described above, each illumination light dimming region 75n having the three-level, four-level, etc. variable variable amount of transmitted light is also provided with the color separation function of three colors of RGB or four colors of RGB and W. It is composed. Therefore, the motor 83 for the color separation rotary filter 81 is omitted, and only the motor 73 is prepared as a drive mechanism.

As an example of area allocation, in FIG. 22, the color / light control integrated rotary filter 71 at the boundary portion of the pattern shape has a divided portion patterned in a vortex shape, and the area 75a is B100. %, Area 75b
Is R50% transparent, area 75c is G25% transparent, area 75
d is R100%, area 75e is G50% transparent, area 75
f is B25% transparent, region 75g is G100% transparent, region 75h is B50% transparent, ...

The rotary filter 11 is divided into a total number of 3 × 3 × n (n> 0 integer), and one rotation or 1 / m (m
If the dimming step and the color separation color are made uniform by rotation (> 0 integer), the combination of the dimming step and the color separation color is arbitrary and shuffled to be irregular. Or may be regular.

The dimming rotary filter 71 integrated with the color separation filter as shown in FIG. 22 is arranged and used at the position of the dimming rotary filter in FIG. Since both the dimming level shift (dimming scroll) and the color scroll can be performed and the number of motors can be reduced, the reliability is improved, the cost is reduced, and the noise can be reduced. Further, a rod lens and a relay lens may be used as means for uniformizing the illumination light, and the rotary filter 71 integrated with color separation / dimming may be arranged at the end of the rod lens.

Although these embodiments have been described with reference to the application examples to the projection type image display device, the image magnified by the lens as the magnified image forming element is observed as in the case of FIG. 23 and the like. It may be an image forming apparatus of a type.

[0170]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of optical path deflecting regions are formed by being divided by the boundary of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflecting element is driven to rotate, the optical path deflecting device is deflected. Since there is a scanning area with almost the same width, and the optical axis shift directions of these optical path deflection areas are different, the pixel shift when combined with an image display element, etc. Can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method, and as a result, by shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method, the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line can be realized. It is possible to contribute to the realization of a highly reliable, low-cost, and high-resolution image display device that can respond.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of optical path deflection regions are formed by being divided by the boundaries of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflection element is rotationally driven, the optical path deflection regions are formed. Since there are areas to be scanned with substantially the same width, these optical path deflection areas have different optical axis shift functions with different shift directions by giving different incident angles to light parallel to the incident optical axis. Therefore, when combined with an image display element, etc., the pixel shift can be easily performed by a rotary scroll method, and as a result, the pixel of the display image element can be shifted corresponding to the scanning line by a simple method. As a result, it is possible to contribute to the realization of a reliable, low-cost, and high-resolution image display device that can support an image display method that follows scanning corresponding to a scanning line.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of optical path deflection regions are formed by being divided by the boundaries of the spiral shape of Archimedes, when the optical path deflection element is driven to rotate, the optical path deflection regions are formed. Since there are areas to be scanned with almost the same width, by configuring these optical path deflection areas so as to show different birefringence angles for light parallel to the incident optical axis, the optical axis shift function with different shift directions can be achieved. Since it is provided, when it is combined with an image display element or the like, the pixel shift can be easily performed by a rotary scroll method, and as a result, the pixel shift of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line can be performed by a simple method. By shifting the pixels, it is possible to contribute to the realization of an image display device with high reliability, low cost, and high resolution, which is compatible with an image display method according to scanning corresponding to scanning lines.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in the optical path deflecting element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, regarding the plurality of optical path deflecting regions formed by being partitioned by the boundary of the spiral shape of Archimedes, Since the scanning direction is set to the direction orthogonal to the tangential direction of the boundary, when the optical path deflecting element is rotationally driven, it is possible to scan a portion where the optical path deflecting region moves with substantially the same width, and image display is performed. When it is combined with a device for use in the like, the pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to easily realize an increase in resolution, which is apparently doubled.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in the optical path deflecting element of the fifth aspect, the optical axis is shifted substantially along the rotation direction, so that the apparent double resolution can be easily realized. can do.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fifth aspect, the optical axis is shifted in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction, so that apparently doubling the resolution can be easily realized. Can be realized.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to easily realize an increase in resolution, which is apparently 4 times.

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, in the optical path deflecting element according to the eighth aspect, the optical axis is shifted substantially in the rotation direction and in the direction orthogonal to this rotation direction, so that the apparent height becomes 4 times. The resolution can be easily realized.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, since the optical path deflecting element according to any one of the first to ninth aspects is used in which the optical axis shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method, the scanning line can be simply scanned. It is possible to provide a reliable, low-cost, and high-resolution image display device that can shift the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the above, and can support an image display method according to scanning corresponding to a scanning line.

According to the invention of claim 11, claim 1
In the image display device described in No. 0, the control of shifting the pixels of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line is simple, and the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line can be applied. An image display device can be provided.

According to the invention of claim 12, claim 1
In the image display device described in 1, the pixel shift can be easily performed by the rotary scroll method with high light utilization efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 13, claim 1
In the image display device described in 0, since the color separation filter having the same rotary scroll function as the optical path deflecting element is combined, the light utilization efficiency is high and the high resolution color is obtained even when the single plate type image display element is used. Display can be performed.

According to the invention of claim 14, claim 1
In the image display device described in 3, it is easy to synchronize the start of color separation and the start of optical axis shift in accordance with the state of each scanning line, and it is possible to display a field-sequential color image.

According to the invention of claim 15, claim 1
In the image display device described in 4, the image rotation and the color scroll can be performed in full synchronization with one rotating element, and the drive mechanism can be reduced by sharing, so that the reliability is improved and the cost is reduced. In addition, it is possible to reduce noise.

According to the invention of claim 16, claim 1
In the image display device described in 3, 14, or 15, basic color display can be performed.

According to the invention of claim 17, claim 1
In the image display device according to 3, 14, or 15, the color separation filter includes a white W that transmits all bands,
Basic and bright color display can be performed.

According to the invention of claim 18, claim 1
In the image display device described in No. 0, since the dimming filter having the same rotary scroll function as the optical path deflecting element is combined, it is possible to perform display with high light utilization efficiency, high resolution, and high gradation.

According to the invention of claim 19, claim 1
In the image display device described in 8, it is easy to synchronize the start of the dimming level switching and the start of the optical axis shift corresponding to the state of each scanning line, and it is possible to display an image with field-sequential gradation control. Become.

According to the invention of claim 20, claim 1
In the image display device described in the paragraph 9, both the image shift and the dimming level scroll can be performed by a single rotating element by perfect synchronization, the drive mechanism can be reduced by sharing, and the reliability can be improved. Cost reduction and noise reduction can be achieved.

According to the invention of claim 21, claim 1
In the image display device according to 3, a single plate type image display is provided because a color separation filter having a rotary scroll function similar to that of the optical path deflecting element is combined with a light control filter having a rotary scroll function similar to that of the optical path deflecting element. It is possible to perform color display with high light utilization efficiency, high resolution, and high gradation even when the use element is used.

According to the invention of claim 22, claim 2
In the image display device described in 1, the synchronization of the start of dimming level switching, the start of color separation, the start of optical axis shift, etc. is easily taken in correspondence with the state of each scanning line, and field sequential gradation control is involved. A color image can be displayed.

According to the invention of claim 23, claim 2
In the image display device described in 2, the image shift, the color scroll, and the dimming level scroll can be performed by a single rotating element in perfect synchronization, and the drive mechanism can be reduced by sharing the image display device. It is possible to improve the cost, reduce the cost, and reduce the noise.

According to the twenty-fourth aspect of the invention, since the dimming filter that can easily perform the dimming control by the rotary scroll method is used, the gradation control of the display image corresponding to the scanning line can be performed by a simple method. Therefore, it is possible to provide an image display device which can be performed and which can cope with the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line, has high reliability, low cost, and high gradation.

According to the invention of claim 25, claim 2
In the image display device described in 4, the control for switching the gradation level of the pixel of the display image element corresponding to the scanning line is easy, and the image display method according to the scanning corresponding to the scanning line is reliable and low. An image display device with high gradation can be provided at a low cost.

According to the invention of claim 26, claim 2
In the image display device described in 5, it is possible to easily switch the gradation level by the rotary scroll method with high light utilization efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 27, claim 2
In the image display device according to 6, the color separation filter having the same rotary scroll function as the dimming filter is combined, so that even when a single-plate image display element is used, the light utilization efficiency is high and the gradation is high. High color display can be performed.

According to the invention of claim 28, claim 2
In the image display device described in 7, it is easy to obtain the synchronization between the start of color separation and the start of switching of the optical gradation level corresponding to the state of each scanning line, and the color image display with field-sequential gradation control can be performed. It will be possible.

According to the invention of claim 29, claim 2
In the image display device described in 8, the color scroll and the dimming level scroll can be completely synchronized by one rotating element, and the driving mechanism can be reduced by sharing, so that the reliability is improved and the reliability is improved. Cost reduction and noise reduction can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection type image display device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the pixel displacement rotation filter.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a spiral of Archimedes.

FIG. 4 is a sectional structural view in a circumferential direction showing a part of a pixel displacement rotation filter extracted.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a scroll operation for pixel shift.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structure diagram showing an outline of a specific configuration example of a pixel displacement rotation filter.

FIG. 7 is a sectional structural view showing a modification thereof.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection type image display device showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view showing the color separation rotary filter.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view showing a displacement / color separation integrated rotary filter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection-type image display device showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing the dimming rotary filter.

FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing a displacement / dimming integrated rotary filter according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection type image display device showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic front view showing the color separation / dimming integrated rotary filter.

FIG. 16 shows displacement / color separation / of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
It is a schematic front view which shows a rotary filter of a light control integrated type.

FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection type image display device showing an eighth embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic front view showing the dimming rotary filter.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a scroll operation for switching a light control level.

FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a projection type image display device showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic front view showing the color separation rotary filter.

FIG. 22 is a schematic front view showing a color separation / dimming integrated rotary filter according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional example of a lens shift type image display device.

FIG. 24 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional example of a shift-type image display device using a birefringent material.

FIG. 25 shows a conventional example using an optical light deflecting means,
(A) is the schematic front view, and (b) is the cross-section figure.

FIG. 26 is a schematic front view for explaining the adverse effect.

FIG. 27 is a schematic front view showing a countermeasure in the conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Image display device 4 Incident optical axis 9 Enlarged image forming element 11 Optical path deflector 12, 13 Drive mechanism 15n Optical path deflection area 16 boundaries 17 Projection area 31 color separation filter Drive mechanism for 32, 33 color separation filters 34 Boundary 35 color separation area 51 Light control filter Drive mechanism for dimming filter 52,53 54 border 55 Illumination light control area

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) G03B 21/00 G03B 21/00 G H04N 9/31 H04N 9/31 C (72) Inventor Kenji Kameyama Tokyo 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Ricoh Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Kazuya Miyagaki 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor, Keishin Aisaka Nakata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Magome 1-chome 3-6 F-term in Ricoh Co., Ltd. (reference) 2H041 AA13 AA21 AB10 AB26 AB36 AC01 AZ01 AZ05 2H048 GA01 GA13 GA25 GA61 5C060 BC01 GB06 HC01 HC07 HC17 JA23 JB06

Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. In a disk-shaped optical path deflecting element that is rotationally driven, a plurality of optical path deflecting regions having an optical axis shift function in which the optical axis shift directions are different with respect to light parallel to an incident optical axis, are spirals of Archimedes. An optical path deflecting element formed by being divided by a boundary of shapes. 2. A disk-shaped optical path deflecting element that is rotationally driven, wherein a plurality of optical path deflecting regions having different incident angles with respect to light parallel to an incident optical axis, and an Archimedean spiral shape partitioning these optical path deflecting regions. And an optical path deflecting element having a boundary. 3. A disk-shaped optical path deflecting element which is rotationally driven, wherein a plurality of optical path deflecting regions exhibiting different birefringence angles with respect to light parallel to an incident optical axis, and Archimedean spirals partitioning these optical path deflecting regions. An optical path deflecting element having a shape boundary. 4. The optical path deflecting element according to claim 1, wherein a scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions due to rotation is set to a direction orthogonal to a tangential direction of the boundary. 5. The optical path deflecting element according to claim 4, wherein the optical path deflecting region is set so as to shift an optical axis in a direction different by 180 ° between adjacent optical path deflecting regions via the boundary. 6. The optical path deflecting element according to claim 5, wherein the directions different from each other by 180 ° are directions parallel to the scanning direction of each optical path deflecting region accompanying the rotation. 7. The direction different by 180 ° is a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction of each of the optical path deflecting regions associated with rotation.
The optical path deflecting element described. 8. The optical path deflecting element according to claim 4, wherein the optical path deflecting region is set so as to sequentially shift the optical axis in different directions by 90 ° between adjacent optical path deflecting regions via the boundary. 9. The optical path deflecting element according to claim 8, wherein the directions that differ by 90 ° are directions parallel to and orthogonal to the scanning direction of each optical path deflecting region accompanying rotation. 10. An image display device for enlarging and displaying an image displayed on an image display element capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information through an enlarged image forming element. The optical position of a pixel on the image display element with respect to the optical axis of the magnified image forming element arranged between the image forming element and the image display element is shifted in the arrangement plane direction of these pixels. An image display device comprising: the optical path deflecting element according to any one of 1 to 9; and a drive mechanism for rotating the optical path deflecting element. 11. The image display device according to claim 10, wherein a scanning direction of each of the optical path deflection regions in the optical path deflection element is set to be orthogonal to a scanning line direction of the image display element. 12. The projection area of the image display element onto the optical path deflecting element is set to an area in which the optical path deflecting area scans with substantially the same width as the optical path deflecting element rotates. Image display device. 13. A disc-shaped color separation filter formed by partitioning a plurality of color separation regions having different transmission wavelength characteristics for incident light by Archimedean spiral boundaries, and a color for rotating the color separation filter. The image display device according to claim 10, further comprising a decomposition filter drive mechanism. 14. The optical path deflection area pattern of the optical path deflection element and the color separation area pattern of the color separation filter correspond to the optical axis direction, and the optical path deflection element and the color separation filter are synchronized with each other. The image display device according to claim 13, which is rotationally driven. 15. The image display device according to claim 14, wherein the optical path deflecting element and the color separation filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism also serves as the color separation filter drive mechanism. 16. The image display device according to claim 13, wherein the color separation area of the color separation filter includes a combination of at least three RGB colors. 17. The image display device according to claim 13, 14 or 15, wherein the color separation area of the color separation filter includes a combination of at least three RGB colors and white W. 18. A disc-shaped dimming filter formed by partitioning a plurality of illumination light dimming regions having different transmitted light amounts with respect to incident light by Archimedean spiral boundaries, and rotating the dimming filter. The image display device according to claim 10, further comprising a drive mechanism for a light control filter. 19. The optical path deflecting area pattern of the optical path deflecting element and the illumination light dimming area pattern of the dimming filter correspond to the optical axis direction, and the optical path deflecting element and the dimming filter are provided. The image display device according to claim 18, which is rotationally driven in synchronization. 20. The image display device according to claim 19, wherein the optical path deflecting element and the light control filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism also serves as the drive mechanism for the light control filter. 21. A disk-shaped dimming filter formed by partitioning a plurality of illumination light dimming regions having different transmitted light amounts with respect to incident light by Archimedean spiral boundaries, and rotating the dimming filter. The image display device according to claim 13, further comprising a drive mechanism for a light control filter. 22. Each optical path deflection area pattern of the optical path deflection element, each color separation area pattern of the color separation filter, and each illumination light light adjustment area pattern of the light control filter correspond to an optical axis direction, and The image display device according to claim 21, wherein the optical path deflecting element, the color separation filter, and the light control filter are rotationally driven in synchronization with each other. 23. The optical path deflecting element, the color separation filter, and the light control filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism also serves as the color separation filter drive mechanism and the light control drive mechanism. Item 23. The image display device. 24. An image display device for enlarging and displaying an image displayed on an image display element capable of controlling light for each pixel of a two-dimensional array according to image information via an enlarged image forming element, Disc-shaped dimming, which is formed by dividing a plurality of illumination light dimming regions, which are arranged on the optical axis of the front or rear of the device for use, with different amounts of transmitted light with respect to the incident light, and are separated by a spiral-shaped boundary of Archimedes An image display device comprising: a filter; and a dimming filter drive mechanism for rotating the dimming filter. 25. The image display device according to claim 24, wherein a scanning direction of each of the illumination light control regions in the light control filter is set to be orthogonal to a scanning line direction of the image display element. 26. The projection region of the image display element with respect to the light control filter is set to a region in which the illumination light light control region scans with substantially the same width as the light control filter rotates. The image display device described. 27. A disc-shaped color separation filter formed by partitioning a plurality of color separation regions having different transmission wavelength characteristics with respect to incident light by Archimedean spiral boundaries, and a color for rotating the color separation filter. The image display device according to claim 26, further comprising a decomposition filter driving mechanism. 28. Each illumination light dimming area pattern of the light control filter and each color separation area pattern of the color separation filter correspond to the optical axis direction, and the light control filter and the color separation filter are synchronized. 28. The rotary drive is carried out.
The image display device described. 29. The light control filter and the color separation filter are integrally formed, and the drive mechanism for the light control filter also serves as the drive mechanism for the color separation filter.
8. The image display device according to item 8.