JP2003161267A - Hydrogen-rich gas compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrogen-rich gas compressor capable of dispensing with replacement to an exclusive rotor or reduction in rotating speed by a special motor or fluid joint in catalyst regenerating operation to reduce cost, and carrying a large quantity of catalyst regenerating gas, compared with in general operation, to improve productivity with a shortened operation time of catalyst regeneration. <P>SOLUTION: This hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 is set in a plant 2 having a catalyst to compressively supply a fluid with high hydrogen concentration to the plant 2 in general operation and compressively supply the catalyst regenerating gas in catalyst regeneration. This compressor 1 comprises a low pressure- side section 9 and a high pressure-side section 10 which are two compression parts connected through the same rotating shaft 3 and provided within one casing 6, and piping structures 16-21 for serially operating the low pressure-side section 9 and the high pressure-side section 10 in the general operation and parallel operating the both in the catalyst regenerating operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrogen rich gas compressor installed in a petroleum refining plant or a petrochemical plant having a catalyst.

[0002]

As a conventional multistage centrifugal compressor, for example,
There is a hydrogen rich gas compressor 51 as shown in FIG. This hydrogen-rich gas compressor 51 is a fluid machine mainly applied to a petroleum refining plant (or a petrochemical plant) 52 having a catalyst and handling hydrogen gas, and an operation mainly containing nitrogen gas to regenerate the catalyst. Is also done. That is, the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 51 compresses the fluid having a high hydrogen concentration and supplies it to the oil refining plant 52 during the normal operation, and compresses the catalyst regeneration gas when supplying the catalyst regeneration gas to the oil refining plant 52. It is configured. Therefore, the inlets / outlets 54, 55 of the casing 53 of the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 51 are connected to the oil refining plant 52 via the inlet side pipe 56 and the outlet side pipe 57, as shown in FIG. In addition, in the casing 53,
A rotary shaft 58 and a plurality of impellers (impellers) 59 mounted on the rotary shaft 58 in the same direction at intervals in the axial direction are mainly provided. The rotary shaft 58 is connected to a drive device. There is. Examples of drive devices include a gear device 60 that is a speed increasing device and a constant speed motor 61 that is a rotary drive source.

Generally, the fluid having a high hydrogen concentration has a molecular weight of about 10 when it is large, and the molecular weight of nitrogen gas, which is the main component of the catalyst regeneration gas, is 28. Therefore, the ratio of these molecular weights is more than double. is there. The temperature increase ΔT generally has the following correlation with the gas molecular weight MW and the compressor rotation speed N. ΔT = f1 (MW, N̂2) Here, f1 is a correlation function in which ΔT increases as MW increases, and ΔT increases in correlation with N̂2 as N increases. In addition, the pressure ratio between the inlet and outlet of the compressor (P2 / P
Similarly, 1) has the following correlation. P2 / P1 = f2 (MW, N ^ 2) where f2 / P1 increases as MW increases,
This is a correlation function in which P2 / P1 increases in correlation with N ^ 2 as N increases. Conventionally, when the drive device of the above-mentioned hydrogen rich gas compressor is a constant speed type such as a low speed type motor and gear device, the catalyst regeneration whose main component is nitrogen gas rather than the compressor outlet gas temperature during normal operation with high hydrogen concentration. The outlet gas temperature during operation becomes high, and it is necessary to design the compressor body and the equipment downstream thereof under this high temperature condition.
Further, since the pressure ratio also becomes large, a special design is necessary to prevent surging.

[0004]

Therefore, in the above-described conventional hydrogen-rich gas compressor 51, a rotor composed of a rotary shaft 58 and an impeller 59 is provided so as not to reach a high temperature during catalyst regeneration operation and to prevent surging at a high pressure ratio. It was necessary to take specific measures such as replacing the (rotating body) or using a special electric motor such as a pole change motor or a fluid coupling to lower the rotation speed of the rotor.
However, such a countermeasure would increase the cost, and a countermeasure for lowering the rotation speed would reduce the gas flow rate during the catalyst regeneration operation, so the operation time during the catalyst regeneration would be longer and the productivity would be improved. It had a problem that it could not be planned.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to replace the rotor with a dedicated rotor during the catalyst regeneration operation, and to reduce the cost because no special motor or fluid coupling is required. In addition, it is possible to flow a larger amount of gas for catalyst regeneration than in normal operation, the operating time for catalyst regeneration is short, and it is possible to provide a hydrogen-rich gas compressor capable of improving productivity.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention is installed in a plant having a catalyst, and during normal operation, a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration is compressed and supplied to the plant. In addition, at the time of catalyst regeneration, in the hydrogen-rich gas compressor that compresses the catalyst regeneration gas and supplies it to the plant, two compressors connected by the same rotary shaft are provided in one casing, and during normal operation, the two A piping structure is provided in which the compression units are operated in series and the two compression units are operated in parallel during the catalyst regeneration operation.

In the present invention, the piping structure is
Inlet side pipe connecting the outlet of the plant and the inlet of the low pressure compression unit, and an inlet branch pipe provided with a first on-off valve in the middle and connecting the inlet side pipe and the inlet of the high pressure compression unit And an outlet side pipe connecting the inlet of the plant and the outlet of the high pressure compression unit, and an outlet branch provided with a second on-off valve in the middle and connecting the outlet side pipe and the outlet of the low pressure compression unit. A low pressure compression section outlet side pipe connected from upstream of the second on-off valve of the outlet branch pipe to downstream of the first on-off valve of the inlet branch pipe, and in the normal operation, the first line And the second on-off valve is closed and the third on-off valve is opened, and the fluid having a high hydrogen concentration discharged from the plant is connected to the inlet side pipe, the low pressure compression section, the outlet branch pipe,
It is supplied to the plant through the low pressure compression section outlet side piping, the inlet branch piping, the high pressure compression section and the outlet side piping, and during the catalyst regeneration operation, the first and second opening / closing valves are opened and the third opening / closing valve is closed. The catalyst regeneration gas discharged from the plant is configured to be supplied to the plant via an inlet side pipe, an inlet branch pipe, two compression sections, an outlet branch pipe and an outlet side pipe.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will now be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-rich gas compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is a back-to-back type (opposed type) multistage centrifugal compressor, and like the conventional example of FIG. Refining plant (or petrochemical plant)
It is applied to No. 2 etc. and mainly deals with a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration, and an operation mainly composed of nitrogen gas is also performed to regenerate a catalyst. That is, the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 has a high hydrogen concentration (for example, a molecular weight of about 1
0) is compressed and supplied to the oil refining plant 2,
During the catalyst regeneration operation, the catalyst regeneration gas (for example, nitrogen: molecular weight of about 28) is compressed and supplied to the oil refining plant 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 has one rotating shaft 3 rotatably arranged in the horizontal direction, and the rotating shaft 3 is coaxial with the rotating shaft 3 at an axial interval. Impellers (impellers) that are mounted in a circular shape
4 and 5 and one casing 6 for accommodating a rotor (rotating body) including the rotating shaft 3 and the impellers 4,5, respectively. The rotating shaft 3 serves as a rotary drive source via a gear device 7 and the like. It is connected to a motor 8 for constant speed operation.

The inside of the casing 6 is divided into two sections (compression sections), and a low-pressure side section (low-pressure compression section) 9 and a high-pressure side section (high-pressure compression section) 10 are arranged adjacent to each other. The low-pressure side section 9 and the high-pressure side section 10 are connected by the same rotating shaft 3 in the same casing 6. A plurality of impellers 4 and 5 are provided in the casing 6 of each section 9 and 10, and the impellers are arranged in the same section 9 and 10 with the impellers oriented in the same direction. And the impellers of the section 10 are arranged in opposite directions. Moreover, inlets 11 and 12 and outlets 13 and 14 through which gas flows are provided at the upstream and downstream sides of the casings 6 of the sections 9 and 10, respectively. A seal portion (not shown) for suppressing passage of pressure fluid is provided between the low-pressure side section 9 and the high-pressure side section 10, and is divided into two sections 9 and 10 by the seal portion. ing.

In addition, in the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 of the present embodiment, during normal operation in which a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration circulates, the low-pressure side section 9 and the high-pressure side section 10 are operated in series and the catalyst regeneration gas circulates. A piping structure is provided in which the low-pressure side section 9 and the high-pressure side section 10 are operated in parallel during the catalyst regeneration operation. This piping structure has inlet side pipes 16 and 16a for connecting the outlet 2a of the oil refining plant 2 and the inlet 11 of the low pressure side section 9.
And an inlet branch pipe 16b which is provided with a first opening / closing valve 15 and which connects the inlet side pipe 16 and the inlet 12 of the high pressure side section 10, the inlet 2b of the oil refining plant 2 and the high pressure side section 10. Outlet side pipes 19 and 19b connecting to the outlet 14 and a second opening / closing valve 17 are provided in the middle,
In addition, the outlet branch pipe 19a connecting the outlet side pipe 19 and the outlet 13 of the low-pressure side section 9, and the upstream side of the second opening / closing valve 17 of the outlet branch line 19a to the downstream side of the first opening / closing valve 15 of the inlet branch pipe 16b. It is provided with a branch pipe 21 of a low-pressure side section outlet side pipe which is connected to the (wake).

The inlet side piping 16 is located at the position of the inlet 11 of the low pressure side section 9 and the inlet 12 of the high pressure side section 10.
Corresponding to the position, the low pressure section piping portion 16a and the high pressure section piping portion (inlet branch piping) 16b are divided into two branches. Then, the first opening / closing valve 15 is arranged in the divided section piping portion 16b. In addition, the outlet side pipe 19 corresponds to the position of the outlet 13 of the low pressure side section 9 and the position of the outlet 14 of the high pressure side section 10, and includes the low pressure section pipe portion (outlet branch pipe) 19a and the high pressure section pipe portion 19b. Divided into two. And the second
The on-off valve 17 is arranged in a separate section piping section 19a. Further, one end of the branch pipe 21 is connected to the low pressure section pipe portion 19 a of the outlet side pipe 19 at a position upstream of the second opening / closing valve 17. The other end of the branch pipe 21 is connected to the high pressure section pipe portion 16b of the inlet side pipe 16 at a position downstream of the first opening / closing valve 15.

Next, the operation of the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, when the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 is started and the normal operation is performed, the first
While closing the on-off valve 15 and the second on-off valve 17,
The on-off valve 20 is opened. In this state, the fluid having a high hydrogen concentration flows from the outlet 2a of the oil refining plant 2 to the inlet side pipe 16
Is discharged into the casing 6 from the inlet 11 of the low pressure side section 9 through the low pressure section piping portion 16a. The sucked fluid having a high hydrogen concentration is sequentially compressed by the plurality of impellers 4 which are rotationally driven by the rotating shaft 3, and is discharged from the outlet 13 of the low pressure side section 9 to the low pressure section pipe portion 19a of the outlet side pipe 19. Then, the discharged fluid having a high hydrogen concentration is guided to the branch pipe 21, flows through the third opening / closing valve 20 to the inlet side pipe 16, and passes through the high pressure section pipe portion 16b from the inlet 12 of the high pressure side section 10. It is sucked into the casing 6. The sucked fluid having a high hydrogen concentration is further compressed by the plurality of impellers 5 which are rotationally driven by the rotary shaft 3, and is discharged from the outlet 14 of the high pressure side section 10 to the outlet side pipe 1.
9 is discharged to the high-pressure section piping portion 19b. The discharged fluid having a high hydrogen concentration passes through the outlet side pipe 19 and is supplied to the oil refining plant 2 through the inlet 2b.

Further, the hydrogen rich gas compressor 1 is started,
When performing the catalyst regeneration operation, the first opening / closing valve 15 and the second opening / closing valve 15
The opening / closing valve 17 is opened and the third opening / closing valve 20 is closed. In this state, when the catalyst regeneration gas is discharged from the outlet 2a of the oil refining plant 2 to the inlet side pipe 16, the low pressure section pipe portion 16a, the first opening / closing valve 15 and the high pressure section pipe portion 16b are supplied to the low pressure section. Side section 9 entrance 1
1 and the inlet 12 of the high-pressure side section 10 are sucked into the casing 6, respectively. The sucked-in catalyst regeneration gas is simultaneously and sequentially compressed by the two-stage impellers 4 and 5 that are rotationally driven by the rotating shaft 3 in the respective sections 9 and 10, and the outlet 13 of the low pressure side section 9 and the high pressure side section 10 is discharged from the outlet 14 to the low-pressure section piping section 19a and the high-pressure section piping section 19b of the exit-side piping 19, respectively. The discharged catalyst regeneration gas is used in the section piping portions 19a and 19b of the outlet side piping.
Or the second opening / closing valve 17 and the outlet side pipe 19, and the inlet 2
It will be supplied to the oil refining plant 2 from b.

In the hydrogen-rich gas compressor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, two sections consisting of a low-pressure side section 9 and a high-pressure side section 10 are arranged in one casing 6, and each section 9 and 10 and a petroleum refining plant 2 are arranged.
And inlet side pipe 16 provided with on-off valves 15, 17, 20
Since the outlet side pipe 19 and the branch pipe 21 are connected, the opening / closing valves 15, 17, 20 are opened / closed according to the molecular weight of the gas to be compressed, and the low pressure side section 9 and the high pressure side section 10 are connected in series. It can be operated or operated in parallel. Therefore, during normal operation in which a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration and a light weight is compressed, the low pressure side section 9 and the high pressure side section 10 are operated in series to compress a catalyst regeneration gas such as heavy nitrogen gas. During the regeneration operation, the low-pressure side section 9 and the high-pressure side section 10 can be operated in parallel to avoid an increase in the outlet temperature during the catalyst regeneration operation and an operation that avoids surging. Work to replace
It is not necessary to lower the rotation speed by using a special motor or fluid coupling, and an air volume nearly twice that in normal operation can be flowed, and the operation time for catalyst regeneration can be shortened.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. is there. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the back-to-back type in which the rear surfaces of the impellers 4 and 5 face each other between the sections 9 and 10 is adopted, but if the sections are divided into two sections, A compound type in which the back surfaces of the impellers 4 and 5 are arranged in the same direction between the sections 9 and 10 may be adopted.

[0018]

As described above, the hydrogen-rich gas compressor according to the present invention is installed in a plant having a catalyst, and during normal operation, compresses hydrogen-rich gas, which is a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration, and supplies it to the plant. When the catalyst is regenerated, the catalyst regenerating gas is compressed and supplied to the plant. Two compressors connected by the same rotating shaft are provided in one casing, and the two compressors are connected during normal operation. It has a piping structure that operates in series and the two compression sections operate in parallel during catalyst regeneration operation, so there is no need to replace it with a dedicated rotor during catalyst regeneration operation, and there is a special motor or fluid coupling Without having to lower
The cost can be reduced, and moreover, a larger amount of gas for catalyst regeneration can be made to flow as compared with the time of normal operation, so that the operation time of catalyst regeneration can be shortened and the productivity can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a hydrogen-rich gas compressor and a plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a conventional hydrogen-rich gas compressor and a plant.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Hydrogen rich gas compressor 2 Oil refining and petrochemical plants 3 rotation axes 4,5 impeller 6 casing 7 gear system 8 motor 9 Low pressure side section (compression section) 10 High pressure side section (compression section) 11,12 entrance 13,14 Exit 15 First on-off valve 16 Inlet piping 17 Second on-off valve 19 Exit side piping 20 3rd on-off valve 21 Branch piping

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. When installed in a plant having a catalyst, a hydrogen-rich gas, which is a fluid having a high hydrogen concentration, is compressed and supplied to the plant during normal operation, and a catalyst regeneration gas is compressed to the plant during catalyst regeneration. In the hydrogen-rich gas compressor to be supplied, two casings, a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor, which are connected to each other by the same rotary shaft, are provided in one casing, and during normal operation, the two compressors are operated in series and a catalyst is used. A hydrogen-rich gas compressor, which is provided with a piping structure for operating the two compression sections in parallel during regeneration operation. 2. The piping structure includes an inlet side pipe connecting an outlet of the plant and an inlet of the low pressure compression unit, a first opening / closing valve provided midway, and the inlet side pipe and the high pressure compression unit. An inlet branch pipe connecting the inlet of the plant, an outlet side pipe connecting the inlet of the plant and the outlet of the high-pressure compressor, a second on-off valve is provided in the middle, and the outlet side pipe and the low pressure An outlet branch pipe connecting the outlet of the compression section, and a low pressure compression section outlet side pipe connecting from the upstream of the second opening / closing valve of the outlet branch piping to the downstream of the first opening / closing valve of the inlet branch piping. During normal operation, the first and second on-off valves are closed and the third on-off valve is opened, and the fluid having a high hydrogen concentration discharged from the plant is connected to the inlet side pipe, the low pressure compression section, the outlet branch pipe, Low pressure compression section outlet side piping, inlet branch piping, high The catalyst regeneration gas is supplied to the plant through a pressure compression unit and an outlet side pipe, and during the catalyst regeneration operation, the first and second opening / closing valves are opened and the third opening / closing valve is closed, and the catalyst regeneration gas discharged from the plant is discharged. The hydrogen rich gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen rich gas compressor is configured to be supplied to the plant through an inlet side pipe, an inlet branch pipe, two compression sections, an outlet branch pipe and an outlet side pipe. .