JP2003139725A - Instrument for measuring suspended particulate substance - Google Patents
Instrument for measuring suspended particulate substanceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003139725A JP2003139725A JP2001333777A JP2001333777A JP2003139725A JP 2003139725 A JP2003139725 A JP 2003139725A JP 2001333777 A JP2001333777 A JP 2001333777A JP 2001333777 A JP2001333777 A JP 2001333777A JP 2003139725 A JP2003139725 A JP 2003139725A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particulate matter
- suspended particulate
- beta ray
- filter paper
- beta
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、浮遊粒子状物質測
定装置、特にベータ線源を使用して浮遊粒子状物質濃度
を定量する浮遊粒子状物質測定装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus, and more particularly to a suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus for quantifying suspended particulate matter concentration using a beta ray source.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、ベータ線を使用して大気中の浮遊
粒子状物質濃度を測定する方法として、テープ状のろ紙
で大気をろ過してろ紙表面に大気中の浮遊粒子状物質を
捕集し、この捕集浮遊粒子状物質による透過ベータ線の
減衰度合いを測定することにより、浮遊粒子状物質濃度
を求めている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for measuring the concentration of airborne particulate matter using beta rays, the air is filtered with a tape-shaped filter paper to collect airborne particulate matter on the filter paper surface. Then, the concentration of suspended particulate matter is obtained by measuring the degree of attenuation of transmitted beta rays due to the collected suspended particulate matter.
【０００３】図７に従来の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置を示
す。図７において、送りリール２に巻き取られているろ
紙１はピンチローラ３とキャプスタン４との間を通って
巻取りリール５に巻き取られるが、このろ紙１の移動は
制御・演算部１２からの指示によって駆動されるピンチ
ローラ３によって行われる。測定を行う場合には、ろ紙
１の新たな部分が捕集部７にある状態で、ベータ線源８
からベータ線が放射され、ろ紙１を透過してベータ線検
出器９に到達するベータ線量が測定され、その測定値Ｉ
0が制御・演算部１２に記憶される。次に、ポンプ１１
が駆動されると、流量制御部１０の制御により一定流量
の試料ガスが分粒器６を介して捕集部７に流入し、ポン
プ１１を通って外部に排出される。このとき、捕集部７
のろ紙１により試料中の浮遊粒子状物質がろ過され、ろ
紙１の上面に浮遊粒子状物質の沈着層が形成される。FIG. 7 shows a conventional suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus. In FIG. 7, the filter paper 1 wound on the feed reel 2 passes through between the pinch roller 3 and the capstan 4 and is wound on the take-up reel 5. The movement of the filter paper 1 is controlled / calculated by the control / calculation unit 12 Is performed by the pinch roller 3 driven by an instruction from. When performing the measurement, the beta ray source 8 is used while the new portion of the filter paper 1 is in the collection unit 7.
Beta rays are radiated from the filter, and the beta dose that reaches the beta ray detector 9 through the filter paper 1 is measured.
0 is stored in the control / calculation unit 12. Next, the pump 11
When is driven, the sample gas at a constant flow rate flows into the collection section 7 via the particle sizer 6 under the control of the flow rate control section 10, and is discharged to the outside through the pump 11. At this time, the collection unit 7
The filter paper 1 filters the suspended particulate matter in the sample, and a deposited layer of the suspended particulate matter is formed on the upper surface of the filter paper 1.
【０００４】ポンプ１１が測定周期である１時間作動し
て所定量の試料が吸引されると、ポンプ１１が停止して
試料の採取が停止され、この状態でろ紙１および浮遊粒
子状物質の沈着層を透過してベータ線検出器９に到達す
るベータ線源８からのベータ線の強度が測定され、得ら
れた測定値Ｉは制御・演算部１２に送られ、予め記憶さ
れた測定値Ｉ0を用いて浮遊粒子状物質濃度が算出され
る。When the pump 11 is operated for one hour which is a measurement cycle and a predetermined amount of sample is sucked, the pump 11 is stopped and sampling is stopped. In this state, the filter paper 1 and the suspended particulate matter are deposited. The intensity of the beta ray from the beta ray source 8 which reaches the beta ray detector 9 through the layer is measured, and the obtained measurement value I is sent to the control / calculation unit 12 and stored in advance as the measurement value I. The airborne particulate matter concentration is calculated using 0 .
【０００５】この浮遊粒子状物質測定装置は、試料の流
路とベータ線の照射路が交差しており、この交差部にお
いてろ紙を移動させることなくベータ線強度を測定する
ので、ろ紙の移動誤差に伴う測定精度の低下は起こらな
い。In this suspended particulate matter measuring device, the sample flow path and the beta ray irradiation path intersect, and the beta ray intensity is measured without moving the filter paper at this intersection, so the filter paper movement error There is no decrease in measurement accuracy due to.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】放射線障害防止法によ
り、３．７ＭＢｑ未満の密封線源は法規制を受けずに利
用することができ、装置の利便性を確保するため、浮遊
粒子状物質測定装置に搭載されるベータ線源には３．７
ＭＢｑ未満の弱いものを使用している。また、ベータ線
計測においては、放射性同位元素の確率的崩壊にともな
う統計誤差があり、このため、浮遊粒子状物質測定装置
としての指示値にも誤差を生じる。この誤差のため、従
来の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の測定精度はおおむね±１
０μｇ／ｍ 3程度である。一方、浮遊粒子状物質の人体
の健康に与える影響を調べる最近の研究によれば、従来
大気汚染防止法に基づき測定が行われてきた「粒径１０
マイクロメートル以下」のもの、いわゆるＳＰＭ、より
もさらに微小な「粒径２．５マイクロメートル以下」の
もの、いわゆるＰＭ２．５が注目を集めるようになって
きた。このＰＭ２．５はＳＰＭの一部であるが、当然Ｓ
ＰＭより低い質量濃度であるため、ＰＭ２．５を測定す
る装置は、従来のＳＰＭを測定する装置よりも高感度で
あることが要求されている。According to the Radiation Damage Prevention Law
Sealed sources below 3.7MBq are not subject to legal restrictions.
Can be used and to ensure the convenience of the device, floating
The beta ray source installed in the particulate matter measuring device has 3.7
A weak one less than MBq is used. Also beta rays
In the measurement, due to stochastic decay of radioisotopes
There are statistical errors due to
There is an error in the indicated value as. Because of this error,
The measurement accuracy of the conventional suspended particulate matter measuring device is about ± 1.
0 μg / m 3It is a degree. On the other hand, the human body of suspended particulate matter
A recent study examining the health effects of
"Particle size 10
"Micrometer or less", so-called SPM, and more
Even smaller "particle size 2.5 micrometer or less"
Things, the so-called PM2.5, started to attract attention
Came. This PM2.5 is a part of SPM, but of course S
Since the mass concentration is lower than PM, measure PM2.5.
Device has higher sensitivity than the conventional device that measures SPM.
Is required to be.
【０００７】しかしながら、従来の浮遊粒子状物質測定
装置は上記のように構成されており、１時間の測定周期
のうち初期と終期の例えば２分間の計数値を用いて浮遊
粒子状物質濃度の演算を行っており、十分な高感度を得
ることができず、上記のようなＰＭ２．５を測定するに
は十分な対応をすることができないという問題があっ
た。また、上記従来の装置では、捕集中の浮遊粒子状物
質測定値の途中経過を得るために、ベータ線源とベータ
線検出器との間に試料通気流路を設ける構成となってお
り、ベータ線源とベータ線検出器とをろ紙に対して水平
に配置した場合に比べて両者の距離が遠くなるため、ベ
ータ線計数値が少なくなり、感度が悪くなるという問題
点もある。本発明は、上記のような課題に鑑み創案され
たもので、大きな測定感度を得ることができる浮遊粒子
状物質測定装置を提供することを目的とする。However, the conventional suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus is configured as described above, and the suspended particulate matter concentration is calculated using the count values of, for example, 2 minutes at the beginning and the end of the 1-hour measurement cycle. However, there is a problem that a sufficiently high sensitivity cannot be obtained, and a sufficient measure cannot be taken to measure PM2.5 as described above. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional device, in order to obtain the intermediate course of the suspended particulate matter measurement value of the trapping and concentration, a sample ventilation channel is provided between the beta ray source and the beta ray detector, As compared with the case where the radiation source and the beta ray detector are arranged horizontally with respect to the filter paper, the distance between the two becomes longer, so that there is a problem that the beta ray count value decreases and the sensitivity deteriorates. The present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a suspended particulate matter measurement device capable of obtaining a large measurement sensitivity.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置は、試料ガス中の浮遊
粒子状物質をろ紙に捕集し、そのろ紙をベータ線源とベ
ータ線検出器との間にセットして、ベータ線吸収量の変
化により浮遊粒子状物質濃度を定量する浮遊粒子状物質
測定装置において、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集部の前後に二
組のベータ線源およびベータ線検出器の対を備え、ある
いは、この二組に加えて浮遊粒子状物質の捕集部にベー
タ線源およびベータ線検出器の対を備え、浮遊物質の捕
集中それぞれの対でベータ線のデータ収集を行うことを
特徴とする。また、請求項３記載の発明は、任意の時間
に試料を捕集しない周期を設け、試料捕集を行っていな
いベータ線吸収量のデータを用いて、検出系相互の補償
を行う制御部を備えたものであり、請求項４、請求項５
記載の発明は、複数のベータ線源、あるいは、複数のベ
ータ線検出器を、一体となったブロック内に収納したこ
とを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for measuring suspended particulate matter of the present invention collects suspended particulate matter in a sample gas on a filter paper, and uses the filter paper as a beta ray source and a beta ray. In the suspended particulate matter measurement device, which is set between the detector and the device to quantify the suspended particulate matter concentration by changing the amount of absorbed beta rays, two sets of beta ray sources are provided before and after the collection unit for suspended particulate matter. And a pair of beta ray detectors, or, in addition to these two sets, a pair of beta ray source and beta ray detector in the trapping part of suspended particulate matter, and a pair of beta rays are collected and concentrated in each pair. Characterized by performing line data collection. Further, the invention according to claim 3 provides a control unit for compensating the detection systems with each other by providing a period in which the sample is not collected at an arbitrary time, and using the data of the beta ray absorption amount in which the sample is not collected. It is provided, Claim 4, Claim 5
The described invention is characterized in that a plurality of beta ray sources or a plurality of beta ray detectors are housed in an integrated block.
【０００９】一般に、放射線計測の統計誤差は、計数の
平方根に反比例して小さくなるので、計数を増やすこと
により、誤差を小さくすることができる。計数を増やす
方法としては、放射線の数を増やす、すなわち、線源の
強度を上げる、または、放射線検出器の効率を上げる、
すなわち、線源と検出器を近づける、あるいは放射線の
計数時間を長くとることが考えられる。本発明の浮遊粒
子状物質測定装置は上記のように構成されているので、
浮遊粒子状物質の捕集に先立つ例えば１時間のうち、ろ
紙送りなどに要する時間を除く期間の計数値を初期計数
値とし、同様に捕集後の１時間のうちろ紙送りなどに要
する時間を除く期間の計数値を捕集後の計数値として用
いることができ、計数時間を従来より大幅に増加させる
ことができるので、統計誤差を減少させることができ
る。In general, the statistical error in radiation measurement is reduced in inverse proportion to the square root of the count, so that the error can be reduced by increasing the count. As a method of increasing the count, increase the number of radiations, that is, increase the intensity of the radiation source, or increase the efficiency of the radiation detector,
That is, it is conceivable to bring the radiation source and the detector close to each other, or to increase the radiation counting time. Since the suspended particulate matter measurement device of the present invention is configured as described above,
Prior to the collection of suspended particulate matter, for example, the count value of the period excluding the time required for the filter paper feeding out of 1 hour is used as the initial count value, and the time required for the filter paper feeding within the 1 hour after the collection is similarly set. The count value of the excluded period can be used as the count value after collection, and the counting time can be significantly increased as compared with the conventional case, so that the statistical error can be reduced.
【００１０】また、ベータ線計測を行う位置では、浮遊
粒子状物質の捕集を同時に行わないので、ベータ線源と
検出器とをろ紙に対して水平に配置することができるの
で、両者の距離を従来の装置より短縮することができ
る。ベータ線の計数値は距離の二乗に反比例するので、
これにより計数値が増え、統計誤差は少なくなる。した
がって、本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置は、捕集時間
を延長した効果と、ベータ線源と検出器の距離を短縮し
た効果が相まって、測定値の誤差を従来装置より大幅に
小さくすることができる。Further, at the position where the beta ray measurement is carried out, the suspended particulate matter is not collected at the same time, so that the beta ray source and the detector can be arranged horizontally with respect to the filter paper. Can be shortened as compared with the conventional device. Since the count value of beta rays is inversely proportional to the square of the distance,
This increases the count value and reduces the statistical error. Therefore, the suspended particulate matter measuring device of the present invention has the effect of extending the collection time and the effect of shortening the distance between the beta ray source and the detector, and makes the error in the measured value significantly smaller than that of the conventional device. You can
【００１１】また、請求項２記載の浮遊粒子状物質測定
装置は、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集部の前後の二組のベータ
線源およびベータ線検出器の対に加えて浮遊粒子状物質
の捕集部にもベータ線源およびベータ線検出器の対を備
え、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集中にもベータ線を計測するこ
とができるので、従来装置と同様に計数値の途中経過を
観察することができ、捕集後およそ１時間遅れで演算さ
れる高精度の測定値を待たずに途中経過および速報値を
得ることができる。Further, in the suspended particulate matter measuring device according to the second aspect, in addition to the two pairs of the beta ray source and the beta ray detector before and after the collection portion for the suspended particulate matter, The collection unit is also equipped with a pair of beta-ray source and beta-ray detector, and beta-rays can be measured even for the collection and concentration of suspended particulate matter. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the progress and the preliminary value without waiting for a highly accurate measured value calculated with a delay of about one hour after the collection.
【００１２】一方、二組の検出系で浮遊粒子状物質を測
定する場合、全く同じろ紙面を測定した場合にも、ベー
タ線源の線源強度や検出器の感度の差などにより、二組
の検出系の計数値が同一になるとは限らない。また、仮
に製造時に両者の計数値が同じになるように精緻に調整
したとしても、その後装置を使用するうちにずれが生じ
ることも考えられる。これに対し、請求項３記載の発明
では、任意の時間に試料を捕集しない周期を設ける、す
なわち、試料を流さないタイミングをつくり、さらに１
時間経過した後、ろ紙を送り、捕集部の後の検出系で捕
集物の付着していない同じろ紙面を測定したベータ線計
数値を得、捕集部前後の検出系の感度を補償することが
できるので、検出系相互の差異を補償し、測定精度を保
つことができる。On the other hand, in the case of measuring suspended particulate matter with two sets of detection systems, even if the same filter paper surface is measured, there are two sets due to differences in the source intensity of the beta ray source and the sensitivity of the detector. The detection system does not always have the same count value. Further, even if fine adjustment is made so that both count values become the same at the time of manufacturing, it is conceivable that a deviation may occur during subsequent use of the device. On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 3, a period in which the sample is not collected is provided at an arbitrary time, that is, a timing in which the sample is not flowed is created.
After the lapse of time, send the filter paper and obtain the beta ray count value that measured the same filter paper surface on which the collected matter is not attached by the detection system after the collection unit, and compensate the sensitivity of the detection system before and after the collection unit Therefore, the difference between the detection systems can be compensated and the measurement accuracy can be maintained.
【００１３】また、ろ紙の質量は捕集物の質量に対して
はるかに大きく、また、場所ごとにばらつきが大きく、
捕集部前後の検出系が正確に同じろ紙面に対してベータ
線測定を行わなければ、大きな測定誤差となる。この問
題を解決するため、本発明の請求項４あるいは請求項５
記載の発明では、複数のベータ線源、あるいは、複数の
ベータ線検出器を、一体となったブロック内に収納し、
相互の位置が変化しないようにしたので、ろ紙を一定量
ずつ送り出す機構と組み合わせることにより、精度のよ
い測定を行うことができる。Further, the mass of the filter paper is much larger than the mass of the collected matter, and there is a large variation in each place,
If the detection systems before and after the collecting unit do not perform beta ray measurement on the same filter paper surface, a large measurement error will occur. In order to solve this problem, claim 4 or claim 5 of the present invention is provided.
In the described invention, a plurality of beta ray sources or a plurality of beta ray detectors are housed in an integrated block,
Since the mutual positions are prevented from changing, it is possible to perform accurate measurement by combining the filter paper with a mechanism that feeds out a fixed amount.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測
定装置の実施例を図面を用いて詳細に説明する。図１は
本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の一実施例を示す図で
あり、１はろ紙、２はろ紙１を送り出す送りリール、３
はろ紙１を送るピンチローラ、４はキャプスタン、５は
ろ紙１を巻き取る巻取りリール、６は試料から大きな粒
子を除去する分粒器、７は浮遊粒子状物質を捕集する捕
集部、８Ａ、８Ｃはベータ線源、９Ａ、９Ｃはベータ線
検出器、１０は試料の流量を制御する流量制御部、１１
は試料を吸引するポンプ、１２はピンチローラ３、ポン
プ１１を制御するとともに、ベータ線検出器９Ａ、９Ｃ
の計数信号を受けて浮遊粒子状物質の量を演算する、制
御・演算部である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of an apparatus for measuring suspended particulate matter of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus of the present invention, in which 1 is a filter paper, 2 is a feed reel for sending out the filter paper 1, 3
A pinch roller for feeding the filter paper 1, 4 a capstan, 5 a take-up reel for winding the filter paper 1, 6 a particle sizer for removing large particles from the sample, 7 a collecting unit for collecting suspended particulate matter , 8A and 8C are beta ray sources, 9A and 9C are beta ray detectors, 10 is a flow rate control unit for controlling the flow rate of the sample, 11
Is a pump for sucking the sample, 12 is a pinch roller 3 and a pump 11, and is a beta ray detector 9A, 9C.
Is a control / calculation unit that calculates the amount of suspended particulate matter by receiving the count signal of.
【００１５】次に、図1の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の動
作を図２のタイムチャートを用いて説明する。まず、捕
集に先立ち、図２のｔ１〜ｔ２の時間、位置Ａにおい
て、ベータ線源８Ａからベータ線を放射して、ベータ線
検出器９Ａによりろ紙１のみを透過するベータ線を測定
し、初期計数値Ｉ01として制御・演算部１２に記憶す
る。次に、ｔ２〜ｔ３の間に、制御・演算部１２の制御
によりピンチローラ３が回転し、ろ紙１が一定量送りリ
ール２から繰り出されるとともに、巻取りリール５によ
って巻き取られ、ろ紙１の位置Ａにあった部分が位置Ｂ
に正確に搬送される。そして、ｔ３〜ｔ４の時間、制御
・演算部１２の制御によりポンプ１１が駆動され、流量
制御部１０の制御により一定流量の試料ガスが分粒器６
を介して捕集部７に流入し、ポンプ１１を通って外部に
排出される。これにより、ｔ３〜ｔ４の時間、位置Ｂに
おいて、捕集部７のろ紙１に試料ガス中の浮遊粒子状物
質がろ過されてろ紙１の上面に浮遊粒子状物質の沈着層
が形成される。このとき、同時に位置Ａにおいて、ろ紙
１の新たな部分にベータ線源８Ａからベータ線が放射さ
れ、新たな部分の初期計数値Ｉ02が測定される。Next, the operation of the suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. First, prior to collection, the beta rays are radiated from the beta ray source 8A at the position A at the time t1 to t2 in FIG. 2 and the beta rays transmitted through only the filter paper 1 are measured by the beta ray detector 9A. The initial count value I 01 is stored in the control / calculation unit 12. Next, during the period from t2 to t3, the pinch roller 3 is rotated by the control of the control / arithmetic unit 12, the filter paper 1 is fed from the constant amount feed reel 2, and taken up by the take-up reel 5 to remove the filter paper 1. The part that was in position A is position B
Be delivered accurately. Then, the pump 11 is driven under the control of the control / arithmetic unit 12 during the period from t3 to t4, and the sample gas having a constant flow rate is controlled under the control of the flow rate control unit 10.
Through the pump 11, and is discharged to the outside through the pump 11. As a result, the suspended particulate matter in the sample gas is filtered by the filter paper 1 of the collection unit 7 at the position B for a period of t3 to t4, and a deposition layer of the suspended particulate matter is formed on the upper surface of the filter paper 1. At this time, at the same time, at the position A, beta rays are emitted from the beta ray source 8A to the new portion of the filter paper 1, and the initial count value I 02 of the new portion is measured.
【００１６】そして、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集時間が経過
すると、ｔ４〜ｔ５の時間、再びピンチローラ３が駆動
され、ろ紙１の位置Ｂにあった部分が位置Ｃに、位置Ａ
にあった部分が位置Ｂに正確に搬送される。搬送終了
後、ｔ５〜ｔ６の時間、位置Ｃにおいて、ベータ線源８
Ｃからベータ線を放射して、ベータ線検出器９Ｃにより
ろ紙１および浮遊粒子状物質の沈着層を透過するベータ
線を測定し、計数値Ｉ1として制御・演算部１２に記憶
する。このとき、同時に、位置Ａにおいては、ろ紙１の
さらに新たな部分の初期計数値Ｉ03が測定され、位置Ｂ
においては、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集が行われる。一方、
演算・制御部１２では計数値Ｉ1とそれに対応する初期
計数値Ｉ01から浮遊粒子状物質濃度が算出される。これ
以降、同様にして、ろ紙１のみの初期計数値Ｉ0の測
定、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集、ろ紙１および浮遊粒子状物
質の沈着層の計数値Ｉの測定が同時並行的に行われ、次
々と浮遊粒子状物質濃度を算出することができる。When the collection time of the suspended particulate matter elapses, the pinch roller 3 is driven again for a time period of t4 to t5, and the portion of the filter paper 1 located at the position B is moved to the position C and the position A is moved to the position A.
The portion that meets the position is accurately conveyed to the position B. After the transportation is completed, the beta radiation source 8 is placed at the position C for a time period from t5 to t6
A beta ray is radiated from C, and a beta ray that passes through the filter paper 1 and the deposition layer of suspended particulate matter is measured by the beta ray detector 9C, and stored in the control / calculation unit 12 as a count value I 1 . At this time, at the same time, at position A, the initial count value I 03 of a further new portion of the filter paper 1 is measured, and at position B
In, the collection of suspended particulate matter is performed. on the other hand,
The calculation / control unit 12 calculates the suspended particulate matter concentration from the count value I 1 and the corresponding initial count value I 01 . After that, similarly, the initial count value I 0 of only the filter paper 1, the collection of the suspended particulate matter, and the count value I of the deposited layer of the filter paper 1 and the suspended particulate matter are measured simultaneously in parallel. The concentration of suspended particulate matter can be calculated one after another.
【００１７】この実施例では、上記のように、例えば１
時間の測定周期のうち、ろ紙送りなどに要する時間を除
く時間、例えば、５０分間の計数値を用いて浮遊粒子状
物質の濃度を算出することができるので、従来の２分間
の計数時間に比較して、２５倍となり、統計誤差を５分
の１に減少させることができる。また、ベータ線計測を
行う位置では、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集を同時に行わない
ので、ベータ線源と検出器とをろ紙に対して水平に配置
することができるので、両者の距離を従来の装置の、例
えば、６ミリから、例えば、３ミリ程度に短縮すること
ができる。したがって、ベータ線の計数値は距離の二乗
に反比例するので、これにより計数値は４倍に増え、統
計誤差は２分の１になる。したがって、本発明の浮遊粒
子状物質測定装置は、捕集時間を延長した効果と、ベー
タ線源と検出器の距離を短縮した効果が相まって、測定
値の誤差を従来装置の１０分の１にすることができる。In this embodiment, as described above, for example, 1
Compared to the conventional 2 minute counting time, the concentration of suspended particulate matter can be calculated using the count value of the time measurement cycle, excluding the time required for filter paper feeding, for example, 50 minutes. It becomes 25 times, and the statistical error can be reduced to 1/5. Further, since the suspended particulate matter is not simultaneously collected at the position where the beta ray measurement is carried out, the beta ray source and the detector can be arranged horizontally with respect to the filter paper, so that the distance between the two can be reduced. The device can be shortened, for example, from 6 mm to, for example, about 3 mm. Therefore, since the beta ray count value is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, this increases the count value by a factor of 4 and reduces the statistical error by half. Therefore, the suspended particulate matter measuring device of the present invention combines the effect of extending the collection time with the effect of shortening the distance between the beta ray source and the detector, and reduces the error in the measured value to one-tenth that of the conventional device. can do.
【００１８】図３は図１の装置において、二つのベータ
線検出系の差異を補償する実施例のタイムチャートを示
す図である。この実施例では、図３（Ｂ）に示すよう
に、捕集部７において、測定３に対応するt7〜t8の時
間、制御・演算部１２がポンプ１１の駆動を停止し、捕
集部７では試料ガスの流入が起こらない。したがって、
ろ紙１にはこの期間浮遊粒子状物質が堆積されない。こ
の浮遊粒子状物質が捕集されていないろ紙１の部分がＣ
の位置にきた時にも、図３（Ｃ）に示すように、t9〜t1
0の期間ベータ線の計数が行われ、計数値Ｉ3が得られ
る。この計数値Ｉ3とこれに対応するろ紙１の部分の位
置Ａにおける計数値Ｉ03とを比較することにより、位置
Ａにおけるベータ線検出系と位置Ｃにおけるベータ線検
出系の感度誤差を求めることができる。この感度誤差を
補正値として制御・演算部１２に記憶し、次回以降に得
られる計数値を補正することにより、常に高精度な測定
を行うことができる。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a time chart of an embodiment for compensating the difference between the two beta ray detection systems in the apparatus of FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the collection unit 7, the control / calculation unit 12 stops driving the pump 11 during the time t7 to t8 corresponding to the measurement 3, and the collection unit 7 Does not cause inflow of sample gas. Therefore,
No suspended particulate matter is deposited on the filter paper 1 during this period. The part of the filter paper 1 where the suspended particulate matter is not collected is C
When it comes to the position of t9 to t1 as shown in FIG.
Beta rays are counted for a period of 0 and a count value I 3 is obtained. By comparing this count value I3 and counts I 03 at the position A of the portion of the filter paper 1 corresponding thereto, be obtained sensitivity error of the beta-ray detection system at position C and beta radiation detection system at the position A it can. By storing this sensitivity error as a correction value in the control / calculation unit 12 and correcting the count value obtained from the next time onward, highly accurate measurement can always be performed.
【００１９】次に、本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の
他の構成の実施例を図４〜図６により説明する。図４の
実施例が図１の実施例と異なる点は、捕集部７にベータ
線源８Ｂとベータ線検出器９Ｂを設けた点のみであり、
他の構成および作用は図１の実施例と同じであるので、
詳細な説明を省略する。この実施例では、捕集部７にお
いてもベータ線を検出する系を備えているので、捕集後
およそ１時間遅れで演算される浮遊粒子状物質濃度の高
精度な測定値を待たずに、途中経過および速報値を提供
することができる。この途中経過および速報値は、従来
装置と同程度の測定精度しか持ち得ないが、データの即
時性においては有用なものである。Next, another embodiment of the floating particulate matter measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The embodiment of FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 only in that the collector 7 is provided with a beta ray source 8B and a beta ray detector 9B.
Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
Detailed description is omitted. In this embodiment, since the collecting unit 7 is also provided with a system for detecting beta rays, it is possible to wait for a highly accurate measured value of the concentration of suspended particulate matter calculated with a delay of about 1 hour after collection, Progress and preliminary figures can be provided. The intermediate progress and the preliminary value can have the same measurement accuracy as that of the conventional apparatus, but are useful in terms of data immediacy.
【００２０】また、図５の実施例が図１の実施例と異な
る点は、ベータ線源８Ａ、８Ｃとベータ線検出器９Ａ、
９Ｃを収納した部分をそれぞれブロック１３、ブロック
１４により一体化した点のみであり、他の構成および作
用は図１の実施例と同じであるので、これについても詳
細な説明を省略する。また、図６の実施例は図４の実施
例のベータ線源８Ａ、８Ｂ、８Ｃおよびベータ線検出器
９Ａ、９Ｂ、９Ｃを収納した部分をそれぞれブロック１
３、ブロック１４により一体化したものである。これら
の実施例は、２個ないし３個のベータ線源を一体となっ
たブロック内に収納し、相互の位置が変化しないように
したものである。また、２個ないし３個のベータ線検出
器も同様に一体となったブロック内に収納し、相互の位
置関係が変化しないようにした。したがって、ピンチロ
ーラの正確なろ紙送り機構と組み合わせることにより、
ろ紙のみの初期計数値Ｉ0の測定、浮遊粒子状物質の捕
集、ろ紙および浮遊粒子状物質の沈着層の計数値Ｉの測
定を行うろ紙の部分を正確に位置合わせすることがで
き、精度のよい測定が可能になる。The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the beta ray sources 8A and 8C and the beta ray detector 9A are
9C is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except that the portions containing 9C are integrated by the block 13 and the block 14, respectively, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the blocks 1a, 8B, 8C and the beta detectors 9A, 9B, 9C of the embodiment of FIG.
3 and the block 14 are integrated. In these embodiments, two or three beta ray sources are housed in an integrated block so that their mutual positions do not change. Similarly, two or three beta ray detectors are also housed in an integrated block so that the mutual positional relationship does not change. Therefore, by combining with an accurate filter paper feed mechanism of the pinch roller,
The initial count value I 0 of the filter paper alone is measured, the suspended particulate matter is collected, and the count value I of the deposited layer of the filter paper and the suspended particulate matter is measured. Good measurement is possible.
【００２１】上記実施例では、測定周期を１時間とし、
ろ紙のみの初期計数値Ｉ0の測定、浮遊粒子状物質の捕
集、ろ紙および浮遊粒子状物質の沈着層の計数値Ｉの測
定の時間を５０分としたが、測定周期、計測時間は任意
に設定することができる。In the above embodiment, the measurement cycle is 1 hour,
Although the time for measuring the initial count value I 0 of only the filter paper, collecting the suspended particulate matter, and measuring the count value I of the deposited layer of the filter paper and the suspended particulate matter was set to 50 minutes, the measurement cycle and the measurement time are arbitrary. Can be set to.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置は上記
のように構成されており、ベータ線の計数時間を従来よ
りも大幅に増加させることができ、また、ベータ線源と
ベータ線検出器の距離を短縮することができるので、測
定値の誤差を大幅に小さくすることができる。また、浮
遊粒子状物質の捕集部にベータ線源およびベータ線検出
器の対を設ければ、捕集後およそ１時間遅れで演算され
る高精度の測定値を待たずに途中経過および速報値を得
ることができる。さらに、試料捕集を行わない時間を任
意の周期で設定し、すなわち、試料捕集部での試料捕集
を行わない、つまり、試料を流さないタイミングをつく
ることにより、捕集部前後の検出系の感度を定期的に補
償することができるので、検出系相互の差異を補償し、
測定精度を保つことができる。また、複数のベータ線
源、あるいは、複数のベータ線検出器を、一体となった
ブロック内に収納し、相互の位置が変化しないようにす
れば、ろ紙を一定量ずつ送り出す機構と組み合わせるこ
とにより、精度のよい測定を行うことができる。The suspended particulate matter measuring apparatus of the present invention is constructed as described above, and can significantly increase the counting time of beta rays as compared with the conventional method, and the beta ray source and beta ray detection. Since the instrument distance can be shortened, the error in the measured value can be greatly reduced. In addition, if a pair of beta ray source and beta ray detector is provided in the trapping part of suspended particulate matter, the progress and the preliminary report can be obtained without waiting for the highly accurate measurement value calculated about 1 hour after the collection. You can get the value. Furthermore, by setting the time during which the sample collection is not performed at an arbitrary cycle, that is, by not creating the sample collection in the sample collection part, that is, by setting the timing at which the sample is not flown, the detection before and after the collection part is performed. Since the sensitivity of the system can be compensated periodically, the difference between the detection systems is compensated,
Measurement accuracy can be maintained. Also, if multiple beta ray sources or multiple beta ray detectors are housed in an integrated block and their mutual positions do not change, by combining with a mechanism that sends out a fixed amount of filter paper. Therefore, accurate measurement can be performed.
【図１】本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の実施例を示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an apparatus for measuring suspended particulate matter of the present invention.
【図２】図１の装置の計測タイムチャートを示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a measurement time chart of the apparatus of FIG.
【図３】図１の装置の他の計測タイムチャートを示す図
である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another measurement time chart of the apparatus of FIG.
【図４】本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の他の実施例
を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the suspended particulate matter measurement device of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の他実施例を
示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the suspended particulate matter measuring device of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置の他の実施例
を示す図ある。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the suspended particulate matter measuring device of the present invention.
【図７】従来の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置を示す図であ
る。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a conventional suspended particulate matter measurement device.
１ ろ紙 ２ 送りリール ３ ピンチローラ ４ キャプスタン ５ 巻取りリール ６ 分粒器 ７ 捕集部 ８Ａ、８Ｂ、８Ｃ ベータ線源 ９Ａ、９Ｂ、９Ｃ ベータ線検出器 １０ 流量制御部 １１ ポンプ １２ 制御・演算部 1 filter paper 2 Feed reel 3 pinch rollers 4 capstan 5 take-up reel 6 granulator 7 Collection Department 8A, 8B, 8C beta radiation source 9A, 9B, 9C Beta ray detector 10 Flow rate control unit 11 pumps 12 Control / arithmetic unit
Claims (5)
集し、そのろ紙をベータ線源とベータ線検出器との間に
セットして、ベータ線吸収量の変化により浮遊粒子状物
質濃度を定量する浮遊粒子状物質測定装置において、浮
遊粒子状物質の捕集部の前後に二組のベータ線源および
ベータ線検出器の対を備え、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集中そ
れぞれの対でベータ線のデータ収集を行うことを特徴と
する浮遊粒子状物質測定装置。1. The suspended particulate matter in the sample gas is collected on a filter paper, the filter paper is set between a beta ray source and a beta ray detector, and the suspended particulate matter is changed by a change in the beta ray absorption amount. In a suspended particulate matter measuring device for quantifying the concentration, two pairs of a beta ray source and a beta ray detector are provided before and after the collection part for suspended particulate matter, and each pair of trapped and concentrated suspended particulate matter is collected. A suspended particulate matter measuring device characterized by collecting beta ray data.
集し、そのろ紙をベータ線源とベータ線検出器との間に
セットして、ベータ線吸収量の変化により浮遊粒子状物
質濃度を定量する浮遊粒子状物質測定装置において、浮
遊粒子状物質の捕集部およびその前後に三組のベータ線
源およびベータ線検出器の対を備え、浮遊粒子状物質の
捕集中それぞれの対でベータ線吸収量のデータ収集を行
うことを特徴とする浮遊粒子状物質測定装置。2. The suspended particulate matter in the sample gas is collected on a filter paper, the filter paper is set between a beta ray source and a beta ray detector, and the suspended particulate matter is changed by the change of the beta ray absorption amount. In a suspended particulate matter measuring device for quantifying the concentration, a collection unit for suspended particulate matter and three pairs of beta ray sources and beta ray detectors are provided before and after the collection section, and each pair of trapped and concentrated particulate matter is collected. A device for measuring suspended particulate matter, which collects data on the amount of absorbed beta rays.
け、試料捕集を行っていないベータ線吸収量のデータを
用いて、検出系相互の補償を行う制御部を備えたことを
特徴とする、請求項１あるいは請求項２記載の浮遊粒子
状物質測定装置。3. A control unit for compensating each other for detection systems by using a period for not collecting the sample at an arbitrary time and using the data of the beta ray absorption amount not collecting the sample. The suspended particulate matter measuring device according to claim 1 or 2.
ク内に収納したことを特徴とする、請求項１あるいは請
求項２記載の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置。4. The suspended particulate matter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of beta ray sources are housed in an integrated block.
ロック内に収納したことを特徴とする、請求項１あるい
は請求項２記載の浮遊粒子状物質測定装置。5. The suspended particulate matter measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of beta ray detectors are housed in an integrated block.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001333777A JP2003139725A (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2001-10-31 | Instrument for measuring suspended particulate substance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001333777A JP2003139725A (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2001-10-31 | Instrument for measuring suspended particulate substance |
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|---|---|
| JP2003139725A true JP2003139725A (en) | 2003-05-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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