JP2003129401A - Composite sleeper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite sleeper which prevents peel-off phenomenon at the joint part of the composite sleeper 1, which can be used for a long period of time, and in which increase in bending and reduction of strength are reduced. SOLUTION: The composite sleeper 1 comprises a plurality of long column- like bodies 10. The joint face between long column-like bodies is nearly in parallel with the direction of the load acting on a rail, and is nearly in parallel with the length direction of the sleeper. The ratio of the sum of the section second order moments in the shape of cross-sectional face at the midpoint in the direction of respective long column-like bodies, to the section second order moment in the shape of cross-sectional face at the midpoint in the length direction as a whole sleeper body is more than 0.7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a synthetic sleeper tree.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, synthetic sleepers have been used for sleepers such as bridge sleepers and branch sleepers. It is difficult to form a synthetic sleeper of a predetermined size at a time, and two or more long lengths are combined and laminated to have a predetermined thickness and the adhesive surface is made horizontal. Has been installed and used for sleepers such as bridge sleepers and branch sleepers. Further, the adhesion of the laminated surface was made by adhering with an adhesive such as an epoxy adhesive. The thickness of the synthetic sleeper is selected according to the type of sleeper, for example, the interval between bridges, that is, the so-called center span (span) of bridge girders.

There are various methods for fixing the bridge sleeper to the bridge, for example, a method of opening a through hole in the vertical direction of the sleeper and fixing it to the bridge using a hook bolt, or a bridge mounted on the bridge. There is also a method of placing a sleeper and fixing the receiving seat and the bridge sleeper with side stitch bolts.

6 and 7 show a synthetic sleeper tree A and a synthetic sleeper tree B in the prior art. Synthetic sleeper tree A has two long columnar bodies of the same size bonded and joined in the horizontal direction, and synthetic sleeper tree B has three long columnar bodies of the same size bonded in the horizontal direction. It is joined. Cross-sectional shape of the transverse cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal column of each of the synthetic sleepers A and B, which is the sum of the second moments of the longitudinal cross-sections of the longitudinal columns of the multiple longitudinal column bodies as a whole. The ratio to the second moment (hereinafter referred to as the second moment of area in the longitudinal direction) is 0.25 and 0.11.

[0005]

However, in recent years, the increase in tonnage has become remarkable due to speeding up and shortening of operation time. Particularly, in bridge sleepers, stress generated by bending and twisting due to the method of fixing to bridges is Getting bigger,
Excessive stress concentration occurs in the adhesive layer.

Further, in the fixing method using the side stitch bolts,
Due to the forward movement and uplift that occur when passing a train, it will be subjected to repeated rotating moment force in a cantilevered state, and strong stress will be generated in the adhesive laminated part near the fixed part and the fastening part of the rail, There is a possibility that a partial peeling phenomenon may occur at the adhesive laminated portion. In addition, even a railroad crossing sleeper or the like may be subjected to a load of both a vehicle and a train, and a large repeated bending moment may cause a peeling phenomenon at an adhesive portion.

[0007] In the unlikely event that the bonded portion of the synthetic sleeper is peeled off, the second moment of area is greatly reduced,
When the same stress is applied, the deflection becomes large and the strength also largely decreases.

[0008] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic sleeper which is unlikely to cause a peeling phenomenon at a joined portion, can be used for a long period of time, and has little increase in deflection and a decrease in strength even if peeling occurs. It is a thing.

[0009]

The invention according to claim 1 for achieving the above object is a synthetic sleeper tree having a predetermined cross-sectional area by adhesively bonding a plurality of elongated columnar bodies, wherein The plurality of long pillars are laid so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the track direction of the rail laid on the sleeper, and the joint surface between the adjacent long pillars is in the direction of the load acting on the rail. It is almost parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper tree, and is almost parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper tree. The ratio of the lateral cross-sectional shape of the part to the second moment of area is 0.7 or more. In addition,
The second moment of area has the neutral axis horizontal.

In the present invention, a plurality of long columnar bodies of synthetic sleepers are laid so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the track direction of the rails laid on the sleepers, and the adjacent long columnar bodies are joined together. Since the surface is almost parallel to the direction of the load acting on the rail, and almost parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper tree, compared to the conventional synthetic sleeper that has a horizontal adhesive surface, the shearing of the adhesive part The stress is small and peeling is difficult. That is, when a vehicle or the like passes over the rail, a load is applied to the rail installation portion of the sleeper, and the load is supported by the contact portion of the lower surface of the sleeper with the roadbed. At this time, the internal stress in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper between the rail-installed portion of the sleeper and the end of the sleeper and in the vicinity of the rail-installed portion of the sleeper is the compression direction on the upper surface side and the pulling direction on the lower surface side. , A gradient of internal stress occurs in the vertical direction of the sleeper. Then, in the conventional synthetic sleepers laminated in the horizontal direction, shear stress is generated in the bonded portion. On the other hand, in the rail laying direction of the sleeper, there is no gradient of internal stress, and in the synthetic sleeper of the present invention, there is almost no shear stress in the bonded portion, and peeling of the bonded surface is unlikely to occur.

Further, in the present invention, since the second moment of area ratio at the midway portion in the longitudinal direction is 0.7 or more, even if all the adhering surfaces are peeled off, the amount of deflection is small and the strength is small. That is, when a vehicle or the like passes over the rail, a load is applied to the rail installation portion of the sleeper, and the load is supported by the contact portion of the lower surface of the sleeper with the roadbed. The greater the second moment of area is, the smaller the amount of deflection of the sleeper tree. Even if the sleeper has the same cross-sectional shape and the sleeper that is divided by the cross-section part is compared, the second moment of area of the divided sleeper tree is integrated. It is smaller than the pillow tree. In the present invention, the second moment of area ratio in the middle of the longitudinal direction is 0.7 or more, and even if the bonded portion is removed, the second moment of area decreases less and the amount of deflection increases less. Further, it is preferable that the second moment of area ratio of the longitudinal midway portion is 0.8 or more, and further, the second moment of area cross section of the midway portion of the longitudinal direction is more preferably 0.9 or more.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the stress state of each elongated columnar body is substantially the same when the same load from the rail is applied to each elongated columnar body. The synthetic sleeper tree according to 1.

In the present invention, the stress state of each long columnar body when the same load from the rail is applied to each long columnar body is almost the same, so that the connection portion of the long columnar body is However, shear stress does not occur and peeling of the adhesive surface does not easily occur.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the long columnar body has a through hole penetrating a plurality of the long columnar bodies in an adhesively bonded state, and the through hole has a shape of the through hole. The synthetic sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein plugs having substantially the same shape are inserted.

In the present invention, the elongated columnar body has a through hole penetrating the plurality of elongated columnar bodies in a state of being bonded and bonded, and the through hole has a shape substantially the same as the shape of the through hole. Since the plug is inserted, the joining of the long columnar bodies is further strengthened, and the phenomenon of peeling of the bonded portion is unlikely to occur, so that the long columnar body can be used for a long time. Furthermore, by applying an adhesive agent to the outer periphery of the plug and inserting it into the through hole, the plug and each elongated columnar body are firmly bonded, so that the strength can be further increased. This structure has sufficient strength to resist twisting due to the rail pushing force.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a reinforcing layer extending over a plurality of elongated columnar bodies is laminated on at least a portion where the rails are installed on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the elongated columnar bodies. The synthetic sleeper tree according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

According to the present invention, since the reinforcing layer extending over a plurality of elongated columnar bodies is laminated on at least the portion where the rails are installed, on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the elongated columnar bodies, each of the elongated columnar bodies is provided. The joint becomes stronger, and the peeling phenomenon of the adhesive portion is unlikely to occur, so that it can be used for a long time. Further, a mounting member such as a dog nail for laying the rail can be driven across the reinforcing layer and the long columnar body, and the detachment strength of the mounting member can be increased.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the long columnar body is
The synthetic sleeper tree according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is made of a long glass fiber reinforced resin in which fibers are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper tree.

In the present invention, since the long columnar body is a long glass fiber reinforced resin in which fibers are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper, it has excellent strength and durability and can be used for a long period of time. Compared to other fiber reinforced resins, it has a lower density, so it is lighter than the same size and easy to install.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Specific examples of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree in a 5th embodiment.

A first embodiment of the present invention, a synthetic sleeper 1 is shown in FIG. 1 and includes two elongated pillars 10.
Are bonded and formed by an adhesive. The material of the long columnar body 10 is a fiber reinforced resin, and a foamed resin is preferable. As the type of the foamed resin, for example, a thermosetting resin such as a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a phenol resin, which is hard, is preferably used. In the foamed resin,
In order to improve the compressive strength and reduce the cost, even if inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, gypsum, talc, aluminum hydroxide, and clay, and lightweight aggregates such as shirasu balloon, perlite, and glass balloon are added. Good.

The fibers for reinforcing the foam may be, for example, inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers or metal fibers, or organic fibers such as natural fibers or synthetic fibers. Glass fiber is suitable from the viewpoint of the property. Examples of the glass fiber include glass roving, glass roving cloth, glass mat, and continuous strand mat. This fiber may be used alone or may be laminated in two or more layers,
Further, long fibers and short fibers may be mixed and used. In addition,
Glass long fibers are aligned in the longitudinal direction to form reinforcing fibers,
Long glass fiber reinforced rigid urethane foam (for example, Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "Eslon Neo Lumber FF
It is most preferable to adopt "U" or the like) for the purpose of weight reduction, durability and workability.

The two elongated columnar bodies 10 have substantially the same size, and the longitudinal cross-sections of the elongated columnar bodies 10 have a vertical length of 120 to 250 mm and a width of 100 to 150 mm. In the two long columnar bodies 10, the joint surface between the adjacent long columnar bodies is substantially parallel to the direction of the load acting on the rail, and is also substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper. To be glued. The size of the cross section of the synthetic sleeper 1 has a length T of 120 to 2 in the vertical direction.
The width W is 00 mm and the width W is 200 to 300 mm. The length in the longitudinal direction is an appropriate length depending on the rail width and the like. The sectional second moment ratio of the synthetic sleeper 1 at the midway portion in the longitudinal direction is 1. An epoxy adhesive is used to bond the long columnar bodies 10 to each other. The adhesive is not limited to this, and a urethane resin-based adhesive or the like can also be used.

A synthetic sleeper tree 1'which is a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 and has three elongated columnar bodies 1.
0'is formed by bonding with an adhesive. The width of the cross section of the long columnar body 10 ′ is 50 to 100 mm, and the three long columnar bodies 10 are such that the joint surfaces of the adjacent long columnar bodies are almost in the direction of the load acting on the rail. The width W of the cross section of the synthetic sleeper 1 ', which is parallel and is bonded so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper,
Is 200 to 300 mm. The vertical length and the longitudinal length of the synthetic sleeper tree 1 ′ are the same as those of the synthetic sleeper tree 1 of the first embodiment, and the synthetic sleeper tree 1 ′ and the synthetic sleeper tree 1 have substantially the same shape. The material and the adhesive of the synthetic sleeper 1 ′ are the same as the material and the adhesive of the synthetic sleeper 1. The second moment of area ratio in the longitudinal direction of the synthetic sleeper 1 ′ is 1.

Since the synthetic sleepers 1 and 1'which are the first and second embodiments of the present invention are configured as described above, they are less likely to cause a peeling phenomenon than conventional synthetic sleepers and are used for a long period of time. it can. Furthermore, synthetic pillow 1
And the second sectional moment of inertia of the synthetic sleeper 1'in the longitudinal direction is 1, and the second sectional moments of longitudinal direction of the synthetic sleeper A and the synthetic sleeper B in the prior art are 0.25 and 0, respectively. As is clear from the value of 0.11, even if peeling occurs, the increase in deflection and the decrease in strength are small. Also, when fixing to the rail,
Inu-nails and screw nails are driven into the synthetic sleeper, but the position is 60 mm away from the center line of the upper surface of the sleeper in the longitudinal direction in the lateral direction, and the positions are the synthetic sleeper 1 and the modified example. In the synthetic sleeper 1 ′, the pull-out strength of dog nails and screw nails does not decrease because it is separated from the bonded portion between the long columnar bodies 10.
Furthermore, when the same load is applied to the synthetic sleepers from the two rail track lines L located on the upper surface of the synthetic sleepers 1, the stress states of the long columnar bodies 10 of the synthetic sleepers are almost the same. That is, in the synthetic sleeper 1, the stress states of the portions parallel to the rail track direction are the same. Therefore, no shearing force is generated in the bonded portion.

A synthetic sleeper tree 2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention
3 is a diagram in which the reinforcing plate 13 is attached to the synthetic sleeper tree 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The reinforcing plate 13 is made of fiber reinforced resin (FRP),
It has a plate shape similar to the upper surface of the synthetic sleeper 1. As the material of the fiber reinforced resin, the same material as that used for the synthetic sleeper can be used, and particularly, the type of fiber is preferably glass fiber or carbon fiber. Then, the reinforcing plate 13 is fixed to the synthetic sleeper tree 1 so as to cover the entire upper surface and the entire lower surface with the upper surface and the lower surface of the synthetic sleeper tree 1. The fixing may be performed by laminating or by using an adhesive, or may be performed by a method of structurally connecting with a nail or the like. The reinforcing plate 13 functions as a reinforcing layer for the long columnar body 10.

The reinforcing plate 13 of the synthetic sleeper 2 of the third embodiment has the same shape as the upper surface of the synthetic sleeper, but it may be small, and if it is attached to the rail installation portion, it is for the rail attachment portion. Processing becomes easy. Alternatively, a plate material made of the same material as the synthetic sleeper may be used for the reinforcing plate 13, and the laminated glass structure may be arranged such that the direction of the long glass fiber thereof is substantially orthogonal to the sleeper main body.

A synthetic sleeper 2'according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
The reinforcing plate 13 is attached to the synthetic sleeper tree 1 ′ according to the embodiment. The material and the fixing method of the reinforcing plate 13 are the same as those of the synthetic sleeper 2.

Since the synthetic sleepers 2 and 2'which are the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are configured as described above, in the conventional synthetic sleepers and the first and second embodiments of the present invention. Compared with certain synthetic sleepers 1 and 1 ', it is less likely to cause a peeling phenomenon and can be used for a long period of time. In the synthetic sleepers 2 and 2 ′ according to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention, the long glass fibers of the reinforcing plate 13 are arranged in the direction orthogonal to the sleeper main body, so that the strength cannot be increased. for that reason,
The long columnar bodies 10 and the reinforcing plate 13 as a whole, which are the sum of the second moments of area of the transverse cross-sectional shapes of the longitudinal columns 10 of the synthetic sleepers 2 and 2'and the reinforcing plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, The ratio of the cross-sectional shape of the midway portion in the longitudinal direction to the second moment of area is about 0.7 to 0.8, and even if this portion peels off, the strength is not significantly reduced. In addition, regarding the sectional second moment ratio in the midway in the longitudinal direction calculated only by the plurality of long columnar bodies 10 excluding the reinforcing plate 13, the synthetic sleepers 2 and 2 ′ are 1. Therefore, the synthetic sleepers 2 and 2'have little increase in deflection and decrease in strength even if peeling occurs.

The synthetic sleeper tree 3 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
5 is a diagram in which each long columnar body 10 is connected to the synthetic sleeper tree 1 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present invention by the plug 15 as shown in FIG. The bond is strong. The synthetic sleeper 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 16 penetrating from one side surface to the other side surface. The through hole 16 is substantially parallel to the rail track direction and extends in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongated columnar body 10. The plug 15 having a circular cross-sectional shape that is substantially the same as the shape of the through hole 16 is inserted into the through hole 16. As shown in FIG. 5, the through holes 16 are arranged below two rail track lines L in the vicinity thereof. The through-holes 16 are laterally displaced from the rail track line L by 50 to 150 mm in the left-right direction when the synthetic sleeper 3 is viewed from the side direction, and the vertical direction is two positions which are 30 to 80 mm below the upper surface of the synthetic sleeper 3. , 50 to 150 in the left-right direction from the rail track line L
mm left and right, and the up and down direction has two positions that are 30 to 80 mm above the lower surface of the synthetic sleeper 3.
Four through holes 16 are provided in the vicinity of one rail track line L. And there are two rail track lines L,
The synthetic sleeper 3 has a total of eight through holes 16.

The plug 15 is made of fiber reinforced resin (FRP), and of course the same material as that of the elongated columnar body 10 'can be used, and the plug 15 is not limited to this and may be made of wood or the like. An adhesive is applied and adhered to the gap between the plug 15 and the through hole 16, and the same adhesive as that of the long columnar body 10 'can be used. Further, a urethane resin adhesive can also be used. The synthetic sleeper tree 3 is the same as the synthetic sleeper tree 1 ′ except that the synthetic sleeper tree 3 has a through hole 16 and the plug 15 is inserted into the through hole 16.

Since the synthetic sleeper tree 3 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is constructed as described above, it is compared with the conventional synthetic sleeper tree 1 and the synthetic sleeper tree 1'of the second embodiment of the present invention. As a result, peeling is less likely to occur and it can be used for a long time.

As a reinforcing method, a method using a reinforcing plate which is a method for reinforcing the synthetic sleeper 2 according to the third embodiment,
A combination of the method of filling plugs, which is a method of reinforcing the synthetic sleeper tree 3 according to the fifth embodiment, may be combined.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the long columnar body has a rectangular cross section, but it may have a trapezoidal shape. However,
The larger the inclination, the smaller the second moment of area ratio in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and therefore the smaller the inclination angle is.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the long columnar body can be used for a long period of time by making the peeling phenomenon of the bonded portion less likely to occur, and further, even if peeling occurs, the increase in deflection and the decrease in strength are small. Pillows can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree A according to a conventional embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a synthetic sleeper tree B according to a conventional embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1 ', 2,2' Synthetic sleepers 10 Long column 13 Reinforcement plate 15 plugs 16 through holes

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A composite sleeper tree having a predetermined cross-sectional area by adhesively bonding a plurality of long columnar bodies, wherein the plurality of long columnar bodies have a longitudinal direction laid on the sleeper rail. Laid so as to be orthogonal to the track direction of, the joint surface between adjacent long columnar bodies is almost parallel to the direction of the load acting on the rail, and substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper. The ratio of the sum of the geometrical moments of inertia of the transverse cross-sections of the longitudinal columns of each elongated columnar body to the geometrical moment of inertia of the transverse cross-sections of the longitudinal columns as a whole of the elongated columns is 0. A synthetic sleeper tree characterized by being 7 or more. 2. The synthetic sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the stress states of the long columns when the same load from the rail is applied to the long columns are substantially the same. 3. The elongated columnar body has a through hole penetrating a plurality of elongated columnar bodies in an adhesively bonded state, and the through hole has a plug having a shape substantially the same as the shape of the through hole. The synthetic sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, which is inserted. 4. At least a portion where the rail is installed,
The synthetic sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reinforcing layer extending over a plurality of elongated columnar bodies is laminated on an upper surface and / or a lower surface of the elongated columnar body. 5. The synthetic sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the long columnar body is made of a long glass fiber reinforced resin in which fibers are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper.